Today, homosexual activity is legally prohibited in thirty-eight of Africa’s fifty-four countries and many of them have come to the fore in opposing the notion that lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT+) rights should be protected legally. For Nigeria, its federal law criminalizes homosexuality and this creates a hostile situation for Nigeria’s beleaguered LGBT+ community. The interplay between same-sex marriage and human rights has generated considerable debate since the act, which stipulates 14 years imprisonment for offenders, was enacted in the country. It has drawn international condemnation from countries such as the United States and Britain. But the overwhelming majority of Nigerians who support the same sex marriage (prohibition) law are adamant. This study therefore, interrogates the anti-same sex marriage law within the socio-cultural context of the African society. Substantially relying on secondary sources of data gathering, it scrutinizes the responses of Western politicians, government representatives and non-governmental organizations to the Nigeria’s (nay Africa) anti-same sex marriage law. It also situates the international antagonism within the realm of human rights advocacy or cultural imperialism. It conclusively establishes the congruent locations and divergent paths of local issues within global relations. Although this is not an empirical work, what I seek to emphasise in this article is that if cultural values can be seen to be more enduring (though amenable to changes) and by way of general acceptability, a biding law is made of such values, as in the case of anti-same sex marriage law in many African countries, it will amount to cultural imposition when strident antagonism comes from without.
{"title":"Between Local Acceptability and International Opprobrium: On Nigeria’s Anti-Same Sex Marriage Law; Is Western Voice a Human Rights Advocacy or Cultural Imperialism?","authors":"M. Omilusi","doi":"10.3968/12306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12306","url":null,"abstract":"Today, homosexual activity is legally prohibited in thirty-eight of Africa’s fifty-four countries and many of them have come to the fore in opposing the notion that lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT+) rights should be protected legally. For Nigeria, its federal law criminalizes homosexuality and this creates a hostile situation for Nigeria’s beleaguered LGBT+ community. The interplay between same-sex marriage and human rights has generated considerable debate since the act, which stipulates 14 years imprisonment for offenders, was enacted in the country. It has drawn international condemnation from countries such as the United States and Britain. But the overwhelming majority of Nigerians who support the same sex marriage (prohibition) law are adamant. This study therefore, interrogates the anti-same sex marriage law within the socio-cultural context of the African society. Substantially relying on secondary sources of data gathering, it scrutinizes the responses of Western politicians, government representatives and non-governmental organizations to the Nigeria’s (nay Africa) anti-same sex marriage law. It also situates the international antagonism within the realm of human rights advocacy or cultural imperialism. It conclusively establishes the congruent locations and divergent paths of local issues within global relations. Although this is not an empirical work, what I seek to emphasise in this article is that if cultural values can be seen to be more enduring (though amenable to changes) and by way of general acceptability, a biding law is made of such values, as in the case of anti-same sex marriage law in many African countries, it will amount to cultural imposition when strident antagonism comes from without.","PeriodicalId":46413,"journal":{"name":"Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication","volume":"6 1","pages":"47-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79463335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shakespeare’s sonnet 18 is world-famous and considered as one of the most meaningful sonnets in literature, however, until this day many do not agree on its actual meaning. It is well known that Shakespeare is one of the best poets of the sixteenth century. There was even a style of sonnet named after him- the “Shakespearean sonnet”. This study will provide information and different outlooks on Shakespeare’s “Sonnet 18”, the 16 th century and the changes that have led to the literature of that time. This will be done by stating the aims and research problems in chapter one. Then, more information will be given about England in the 16 th century, the English literature of that time, and we will then go further in depth about the Shakespearean sonnet. Then, we will provide a literature review and explain more about Shakespeare’s “sonnet 18”. The aim of this research is to provide the meaning of Shakespeare’s “sonnet 18” and prove that Shakespeare’s “Sonnet 18” is a structure that goes deep in meaning. It has an idea of wholeness, is transformative and has the idea of self-regulation. We will do this by stating the rhyme pattern of the sonnet together with the figurative language used. Before all that, information must be given about the 16 th century in order to fully understand the sonnet. This study attempts to answer these questions: how is the rhythmic pattern found in William’s Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 ? And what kind of figurative language is used in William’s Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 ?
{"title":"William Shakespeare’s “Sonnet 18” Revisited","authors":"Mariwan Hasan, Lavin Fouad","doi":"10.3968/12181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12181","url":null,"abstract":"Shakespeare’s sonnet 18 is world-famous and considered as one of the most meaningful sonnets in literature, however, until this day many do not agree on its actual meaning. It is well known that Shakespeare is one of the best poets of the sixteenth century. There was even a style of sonnet named after him- the “Shakespearean sonnet”. This study will provide information and different outlooks on Shakespeare’s “Sonnet 18”, the 16 th century and the changes that have led to the literature of that time. This will be done by stating the aims and research problems in chapter one. Then, more information will be given about England in the 16 th century, the English literature of that time, and we will then go further in depth about the Shakespearean sonnet. Then, we will provide a literature review and explain more about Shakespeare’s “sonnet 18”. The aim of this research is to provide the meaning of Shakespeare’s “sonnet 18” and prove that Shakespeare’s “Sonnet 18” is a structure that goes deep in meaning. It has an idea of wholeness, is transformative and has the idea of self-regulation. We will do this by stating the rhyme pattern of the sonnet together with the figurative language used. Before all that, information must be given about the 16 th century in order to fully understand the sonnet. This study attempts to answer these questions: how is the rhythmic pattern found in William’s Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 ? And what kind of figurative language is used in William’s Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 ?","PeriodicalId":46413,"journal":{"name":"Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication","volume":"137 1","pages":"21-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89129377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a part of children’s literature, nursery rhymes have attracted much attention from the academic circle because of their unique aesthetic and cultural value. This paper analyzes the similarities and differences between English and Chinese nursery rhymes in terms of sentence pattern, content, form, and culture from the perspective of children readers’ expectations, and taking the English translation of Andersen’s prize-winning work Bronze and Sunflower as an example, this paper then explores how to preserve the similarities in sentence patterns and contents of English and Chinese nursery rhymes while compensating for the differences in form and culture with various translation methods, so as to seek common ground while reserving differences.
{"title":"A Study of Translation on Nursery Rhymes From Reception Aesthetics: Taking Bronze and Sunflower as An Example","authors":"Shannon Sun","doi":"10.3968/12221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12221","url":null,"abstract":"As a part of children’s literature, nursery rhymes have attracted much attention from the academic circle because of their unique aesthetic and cultural value. This paper analyzes the similarities and differences between English and Chinese nursery rhymes in terms of sentence pattern, content, form, and culture from the perspective of children readers’ expectations, and taking the English translation of Andersen’s prize-winning work Bronze and Sunflower as an example, this paper then explores how to preserve the similarities in sentence patterns and contents of English and Chinese nursery rhymes while compensating for the differences in form and culture with various translation methods, so as to seek common ground while reserving differences.","PeriodicalId":46413,"journal":{"name":"Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication","volume":"203 1","pages":"32-37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77718682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As one of the earliest communist groups established in China before the founding of the Communist Party of China, the early organization of the Communist Party of Guangzhou assumed the political responsibility and historical mission of constructing the right to speak of Marxism, and played an important role in promoting the modernization and popularization of Marxism in China and the birth of the Communist Party of China.
{"title":"A Historical Investigation on the Early Organization of the Communist Party of Guangzhou and the Construction of Marxist Discourse Power","authors":"Q. Zeng","doi":"10.3968/12207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12207","url":null,"abstract":"As one of the earliest communist groups established in China before the founding of the Communist Party of China, the early organization of the Communist Party of Guangzhou assumed the political responsibility and historical mission of constructing the right to speak of Marxism, and played an important role in promoting the modernization and popularization of Marxism in China and the birth of the Communist Party of China.","PeriodicalId":46413,"journal":{"name":"Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication","volume":"26 1","pages":"12-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84566690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chinese listed enterprises from 2015-2019 were selected as samples to study the relationship between enterprise social responsibility, RD external social responsibility and RD overall, social responsibility performance and R&D investment enhance the positive effect of long-term financial performance. These research conclusions help us to understand the importance of corporate social responsibility and R&D investment to the sustainable development of the enterprise, and have certain enlightenment significance to improve the awareness of innovation and the fulfillment of social responsibility.
{"title":"Research on the Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility and R&D Investment and Enterprise Financial Performance","authors":"Ye Liu","doi":"10.3968/12281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12281","url":null,"abstract":"Chinese listed enterprises from 2015-2019 were selected as samples to study the relationship between enterprise social responsibility, RD external social responsibility and RD overall, social responsibility performance and R&D investment enhance the positive effect of long-term financial performance. These research conclusions help us to understand the importance of corporate social responsibility and R&D investment to the sustainable development of the enterprise, and have certain enlightenment significance to improve the awareness of innovation and the fulfillment of social responsibility.","PeriodicalId":46413,"journal":{"name":"Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication","volume":"60 1","pages":"62-73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74634741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andre Gide, ecrivain francais de la premiere moitie du 20 e siecle, attache toujours une importance a la morale, a la nature et au destin de l’homme avec un gout de modernite. Il a tendance a decrire la confrontation de la liberte de l’individu et de la moralite dans ses oeuvres. Dans La Porte etroite , Andre Gide manifeste vivement son opinion sur l’equilibre entre la morale et la liberte du soi en nous decrivant une histoire d’amour tragique d’Alissa, une jeune fille qui s’oblige a se perfectionner et qui cherche toujours une saintete puriste en debarrassant de tout desir. En effet, l’amour d’Alissa nous egalement donne matiere a reflexion sur la morale et le Desir du soi dans la vie moderne. Et comment equilibrer la moralite et la liberte ? C’est toujours un probleme pour l’homme.
{"title":"Analyse de l’amour d’Alissa dans La porte étroite","authors":"X. Zheng","doi":"10.3968/12173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12173","url":null,"abstract":"Andre Gide, ecrivain francais de la premiere moitie du 20 e siecle, attache toujours une importance a la morale, a la nature et au destin de l’homme avec un gout de modernite. Il a tendance a decrire la confrontation de la liberte de l’individu et de la moralite dans ses oeuvres. Dans La Porte etroite , Andre Gide manifeste vivement son opinion sur l’equilibre entre la morale et la liberte du soi en nous decrivant une histoire d’amour tragique d’Alissa, une jeune fille qui s’oblige a se perfectionner et qui cherche toujours une saintete puriste en debarrassant de tout desir. En effet, l’amour d’Alissa nous egalement donne matiere a reflexion sur la morale et le Desir du soi dans la vie moderne. Et comment equilibrer la moralite et la liberte ? C’est toujours un probleme pour l’homme.","PeriodicalId":46413,"journal":{"name":"Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication","volume":"708 1","pages":"74-77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75139634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1515/multi-2021-frontmatter5
{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/multi-2021-frontmatter5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/multi-2021-frontmatter5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46413,"journal":{"name":"Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80736995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract We investigate the interrelations between pronunciation and writing skills in French as a foreign language produced by two groups of bilingual learners (German-Russian; German-Turkish) and a monolingually raised German control group (each n = 10). As an indicator of the learners’ pronunciation skills, we refer to a perceptually relevant acoustic feature of stop production, “Voice Onset Time” (VOT). Our aim is to explore whether the learners’ proficiency at the level of pronunciation is mirrored in (1) their global language competencies and (2) their writing skills. We applied an extreme-cases approach based on the learners’ VOT productions in L3 French. Both positive and negative deviations from the French target pronunciation were found in all groups. In orthography, bilinguals showed lower correctness scores as compared to monolinguals. The VOT measurements yielded more target-like results for the bilinguals. For the monolinguals, the results reveal no correlation between pronunciation and general language proficiency as well as writing skills. In the bilinguals the investigated phenomena were more interrelated. Our analysis of semi-focused interviews conducted with all participants revealed that more target-like VOT productions correlate with a greater degree of phonological and multilingual awareness. This suggests that phonological and cross-linguistic awareness should be fostered in today’s multilingual classrooms.
{"title":"VOT production, writing skills, and general proficiency in multilingual learners of French: approaching the intertwinement of different linguistic levels","authors":"Christoph Gabriel, Thorsten Klinger, I. Usanova","doi":"10.1515/multi-2021-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/multi-2021-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We investigate the interrelations between pronunciation and writing skills in French as a foreign language produced by two groups of bilingual learners (German-Russian; German-Turkish) and a monolingually raised German control group (each n = 10). As an indicator of the learners’ pronunciation skills, we refer to a perceptually relevant acoustic feature of stop production, “Voice Onset Time” (VOT). Our aim is to explore whether the learners’ proficiency at the level of pronunciation is mirrored in (1) their global language competencies and (2) their writing skills. We applied an extreme-cases approach based on the learners’ VOT productions in L3 French. Both positive and negative deviations from the French target pronunciation were found in all groups. In orthography, bilinguals showed lower correctness scores as compared to monolinguals. The VOT measurements yielded more target-like results for the bilinguals. For the monolinguals, the results reveal no correlation between pronunciation and general language proficiency as well as writing skills. In the bilinguals the investigated phenomena were more interrelated. Our analysis of semi-focused interviews conducted with all participants revealed that more target-like VOT productions correlate with a greater degree of phonological and multilingual awareness. This suggests that phonological and cross-linguistic awareness should be fostered in today’s multilingual classrooms.","PeriodicalId":46413,"journal":{"name":"Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication","volume":"26 1","pages":"745 - 769"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83224468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rapid development of the society puts higher and higher requirements on the English proficiency of graduate students, which also brings great pressure and challenges to the English teaching of graduate students. Compared with the English teaching at the undergraduate stage, the English learning of graduate students is more difficult and lacking in learning motivation. The wide application of information technology in the field of education has opened up a new perspective for the reform of postgraduate English teaching. Taking the postgraduate English reading and writing course as an example, this paper discusses the design of the intelligent teaching mode of postgraduate English course, which has practical significance for improving the teaching effects of postgraduate English course.
{"title":"Design and Application of Teaching Mode of English Reading and Writing Course for Postgraduate Based on Smart Classroom","authors":"Yuchen Li","doi":"10.3968/12197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/12197","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development of the society puts higher and higher requirements on the English proficiency of graduate students, which also brings great pressure and challenges to the English teaching of graduate students. Compared with the English teaching at the undergraduate stage, the English learning of graduate students is more difficult and lacking in learning motivation. The wide application of information technology in the field of education has opened up a new perspective for the reform of postgraduate English teaching. Taking the postgraduate English reading and writing course as an example, this paper discusses the design of the intelligent teaching mode of postgraduate English course, which has practical significance for improving the teaching effects of postgraduate English course.","PeriodicalId":46413,"journal":{"name":"Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication","volume":"15 1","pages":"139-143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73348806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This contribution treats “language immersion” as a linguistic ideology and explores narratives, practices, and subjectivities pertinent to that notion in the context of language-motivated voluntourism. Voluntourism programs offer short-term sojourns abroad, which combine voluntary work with holidays while promising “immersion” as an efficient alternative to classroom language learning. In the Mediterranean island state of Malta, whose population is mostly bilingual in English and Maltese, voluntourism has become an attractive product for the booming English language travel industry. Since there is a lack of critical sociolinguistic and second language acquisition research on the language learning trajectories of voluntourists, this piece examines the promise of immersion through the example of a hostel that figures as a workplace. Drawing on ethnographic data, it investigates how learning English through immersion while working abroad is imagined and promoted, whether or not it occurs, and what gains (linguistic or otherwise) it generates and for whom. The article argues that the voluntourism industry appropriates the discourse of immersion to responsibilize English learners for their linguistic self-skilling, thereby constituting them as neoliberal subjects that can easily be exploited as a cheap workforce.
{"title":"The price of immersion: language learners as a cheap workforce in Malta’s voluntourism industry","authors":"Larissa Semiramis Schedel","doi":"10.1515/multi-2020-0178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/multi-2020-0178","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This contribution treats “language immersion” as a linguistic ideology and explores narratives, practices, and subjectivities pertinent to that notion in the context of language-motivated voluntourism. Voluntourism programs offer short-term sojourns abroad, which combine voluntary work with holidays while promising “immersion” as an efficient alternative to classroom language learning. In the Mediterranean island state of Malta, whose population is mostly bilingual in English and Maltese, voluntourism has become an attractive product for the booming English language travel industry. Since there is a lack of critical sociolinguistic and second language acquisition research on the language learning trajectories of voluntourists, this piece examines the promise of immersion through the example of a hostel that figures as a workplace. Drawing on ethnographic data, it investigates how learning English through immersion while working abroad is imagined and promoted, whether or not it occurs, and what gains (linguistic or otherwise) it generates and for whom. The article argues that the voluntourism industry appropriates the discourse of immersion to responsibilize English learners for their linguistic self-skilling, thereby constituting them as neoliberal subjects that can easily be exploited as a cheap workforce.","PeriodicalId":46413,"journal":{"name":"Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication","volume":"36 1","pages":"181 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86099141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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