Pub Date : 2019-05-04DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2019.1679310
Alana Griffith, D. Cohall
Abstract In the face of more liberal attitudes globally towards marijuana, its use by adolescents is considered harmful. Some Caribbean countries, including the island of Barbados, are deliberating changes to their drug policies on marijuana from complete prohibition towards more liberal approaches. There is a need for the analysis of existing use, access and risk perception of marijuana among Barbados’ adolescent population given their vulnerability. This article employs data from two nationally representative secondary school surveys conducted in 2006 (n = 2239) and 2013 (n = 1339). A two-proportion z test was performed on the data to determine whether changes were significant at the 95% confidence level. While there has been an increase in prevalence and incidence rates, these were not significantly different in the two surveys. Significant changes were observed with the location of marijuana consumption and sources from which it was accessed. Finally, there was a significant decline in the perception that using marijuana regularly was harmful. Only the decline in frequent use being perceived as harmful was statistically significant. The results point to possible gaps in drug education and a greater need for the protection of the young.
{"title":"An Exploration of Shifting Adolescent Use, Access and Risk Perception of Marijuana in the Caribbean Island of Barbados in 2006 and 2013","authors":"Alana Griffith, D. Cohall","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2019.1679310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1679310","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the face of more liberal attitudes globally towards marijuana, its use by adolescents is considered harmful. Some Caribbean countries, including the island of Barbados, are deliberating changes to their drug policies on marijuana from complete prohibition towards more liberal approaches. There is a need for the analysis of existing use, access and risk perception of marijuana among Barbados’ adolescent population given their vulnerability. This article employs data from two nationally representative secondary school surveys conducted in 2006 (n = 2239) and 2013 (n = 1339). A two-proportion z test was performed on the data to determine whether changes were significant at the 95% confidence level. While there has been an increase in prevalence and incidence rates, these were not significantly different in the two surveys. Significant changes were observed with the location of marijuana consumption and sources from which it was accessed. Finally, there was a significant decline in the perception that using marijuana regularly was harmful. Only the decline in frequent use being perceived as harmful was statistically significant. The results point to possible gaps in drug education and a greater need for the protection of the young.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":"28 1","pages":"180 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1679310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45345357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-04DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2019.1680468
Denise D. Tran, W. Brown, Susan Lee, Holly E. R. Morrell
Abstract Research suggests that religiosity, familial factors, and smoking are associated with adolescent alcohol use. The aims of the current study were to investigate whether filial piety, resistance self-efficacy to smoking, and willingness to smoke mediate the relationship between religiosity and alcohol use in 180 adolescents (Mage = 13.23; 60.0% female). Religiosity was not associated with alcohol use, but was associated with filial piety. Resistance self-efficacy, filial piety, and willingness to smoke were all associated with alcohol use. Future prevention programs may benefit from promoting respect toward older family members and should be designed to address both alcohol and smoking-related factors.
{"title":"Religiosity, Filial Piety, and Drinking in Adolescence","authors":"Denise D. Tran, W. Brown, Susan Lee, Holly E. R. Morrell","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2019.1680468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1680468","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research suggests that religiosity, familial factors, and smoking are associated with adolescent alcohol use. The aims of the current study were to investigate whether filial piety, resistance self-efficacy to smoking, and willingness to smoke mediate the relationship between religiosity and alcohol use in 180 adolescents (Mage = 13.23; 60.0% female). Religiosity was not associated with alcohol use, but was associated with filial piety. Resistance self-efficacy, filial piety, and willingness to smoke were all associated with alcohol use. Future prevention programs may benefit from promoting respect toward older family members and should be designed to address both alcohol and smoking-related factors.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":"28 1","pages":"200 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1680468","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48298709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-04DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2019.1679688
S. Axson, N. Giordano, C. McDonald, J. Pinto-Martin
Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine prescribing patterns and identify characteristics associated with an adolescent being prescribed an opioid at time of discharge from a hospital stay of 48 hours or less. We performed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of EHR data from a pediatric health system. Our sample included 2,180 patient visits resulting in a pain medication prescribed at time of discharge. We found 35% of the sample received a prescription for an opioid medication upon discharge. Both patient and clinical factors such as age, insurance status, pain scores, and unit of discharge were significantly associated with increased odds of receiving an opioid upon discharge. This work contributes to understanding how an adolescent population is exposed to opioids through the healthcare system. Characterizing opioids prescribed upon discharge is one step towards a better understanding of how opioids enter communities and impact public health.
{"title":"Opioid Prescribing to Adolescents upon Discharge from an Admission of 48 Hours or Less","authors":"S. Axson, N. Giordano, C. McDonald, J. Pinto-Martin","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2019.1679688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1679688","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine prescribing patterns and identify characteristics associated with an adolescent being prescribed an opioid at time of discharge from a hospital stay of 48 hours or less. We performed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of EHR data from a pediatric health system. Our sample included 2,180 patient visits resulting in a pain medication prescribed at time of discharge. We found 35% of the sample received a prescription for an opioid medication upon discharge. Both patient and clinical factors such as age, insurance status, pain scores, and unit of discharge were significantly associated with increased odds of receiving an opioid upon discharge. This work contributes to understanding how an adolescent population is exposed to opioids through the healthcare system. Characterizing opioids prescribed upon discharge is one step towards a better understanding of how opioids enter communities and impact public health.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":"28 1","pages":"190 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1679688","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49606505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-04DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2019.1652717
B. Craig, D. Morton, P. Morey, L. Kent, P. Beamish, A. B. Gane, T. Butler, Paul M. Rankin, K. R. Price
Abstract Structural equation modeling was used to explore the direct and indirect association of childhood experiences, attitudes, subjective norms, and intentions on the alcohol consumption of adolescents attending faith-based Seventh-day Adventist schools in Australia. Data were collected on 1,266 adolescents and the structural model developed explained 48% of the variance for alcohol consumption. Intentions had the highest degree of association with Alcohol Consumption Status (ACS) (β = 0.52). Attitudes were more strongly associated to ACS (βtotal = 0.36) than subjective norms (βtotal = 0.17). Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) were associated with every variable in the model and had a combined direct and indirect association with ACS of βtotal = 0.14. Multigroup analysis found significant pathway differences in the model for gender and age with regards to the association of intentions, attitudes, ACEs, and Childhood Family Dynamics with alcohol consumption status. The study fills a gap in the alcohol literature by presenting a model describing the complex network of factors that predict alcohol consumption in a low-ACS population. The outcomes of the study highlight the importance of early intervention for children and their families to delay or minimize alcohol consumption in adolescents.
{"title":"Factors Predicting Alcohol Consumption in Adolescents Attending a Faith-Based School System in Australia: A Multigroup Structural Equation Analysis","authors":"B. Craig, D. Morton, P. Morey, L. Kent, P. Beamish, A. B. Gane, T. Butler, Paul M. Rankin, K. R. Price","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2019.1652717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1652717","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Structural equation modeling was used to explore the direct and indirect association of childhood experiences, attitudes, subjective norms, and intentions on the alcohol consumption of adolescents attending faith-based Seventh-day Adventist schools in Australia. Data were collected on 1,266 adolescents and the structural model developed explained 48% of the variance for alcohol consumption. Intentions had the highest degree of association with Alcohol Consumption Status (ACS) (β = 0.52). Attitudes were more strongly associated to ACS (βtotal = 0.36) than subjective norms (βtotal = 0.17). Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) were associated with every variable in the model and had a combined direct and indirect association with ACS of βtotal = 0.14. Multigroup analysis found significant pathway differences in the model for gender and age with regards to the association of intentions, attitudes, ACEs, and Childhood Family Dynamics with alcohol consumption status. The study fills a gap in the alcohol literature by presenting a model describing the complex network of factors that predict alcohol consumption in a low-ACS population. The outcomes of the study highlight the importance of early intervention for children and their families to delay or minimize alcohol consumption in adolescents.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":"28 1","pages":"160 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1652717","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45624120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-04DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2019.1578711
S. Baggio, P. Heller, E. Barnert, N. Tran, L. Gétaz, H. Wolff
Abstract This study aimed to identify substance use initiation among justice-involved adolescents transitioning into adulthood. Lifetime use of 11 substances was extracted from the U.S. Pathways to Desistance Study (N = 1,354) and modeled using latent class/transition analyses. Users were categorized into five classes: no/occasional use of alcohol and cannabis; alcohol, cigarette, and cannabis; stimulants; sedatives and hallucinogenic drugs; and all substance use. Justice-involved youths initiate substance use very early on, with substance users having already initiated substances between ages 16 and 23 on average. Those who used few substances at age 16 on average were likely to initiate illicit substances before age 23. Our findings support the importance of ensuring timely access to substance use prevention for this vulnerable population.
{"title":"Substance use Initiation among Justice-Involved Youths: Evidence from the Pathways to Desistance Study","authors":"S. Baggio, P. Heller, E. Barnert, N. Tran, L. Gétaz, H. Wolff","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2019.1578711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1578711","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aimed to identify substance use initiation among justice-involved adolescents transitioning into adulthood. Lifetime use of 11 substances was extracted from the U.S. Pathways to Desistance Study (N = 1,354) and modeled using latent class/transition analyses. Users were categorized into five classes: no/occasional use of alcohol and cannabis; alcohol, cigarette, and cannabis; stimulants; sedatives and hallucinogenic drugs; and all substance use. Justice-involved youths initiate substance use very early on, with substance users having already initiated substances between ages 16 and 23 on average. Those who used few substances at age 16 on average were likely to initiate illicit substances before age 23. Our findings support the importance of ensuring timely access to substance use prevention for this vulnerable population.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":"28 1","pages":"73 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1578711","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41957074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-04DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2019.1623144
Silvia Scotto di Luzio, F. Procentese, E. Guillet‐Descas
Abstract The aim of this work was to investigate the role of physical activity in protection from substance use in adolescence, focusing on the interdependence between the different relational micro-systems of the neighborhood, the school, the family, and the peer group. Interviews were conducted with 30 adolescents recruited through a theoretical sampling and divided into two groups (i.e., active and sedentary adolescents). The results of Grounded Theory showed that physical activity promoted the ability to plan and to express desires and emotions in a healthy way, providing protection from substance use. Unstructured activities didn’t support adolescents in gaining a sense of responsibility.
{"title":"Physical Activity in Adolescence and Substance Use: Factors of Interdependence between Local Community and Relational Micro-systems","authors":"Silvia Scotto di Luzio, F. Procentese, E. Guillet‐Descas","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2019.1623144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1623144","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this work was to investigate the role of physical activity in protection from substance use in adolescence, focusing on the interdependence between the different relational micro-systems of the neighborhood, the school, the family, and the peer group. Interviews were conducted with 30 adolescents recruited through a theoretical sampling and divided into two groups (i.e., active and sedentary adolescents). The results of Grounded Theory showed that physical activity promoted the ability to plan and to express desires and emotions in a healthy way, providing protection from substance use. Unstructured activities didn’t support adolescents in gaining a sense of responsibility.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":"28 1","pages":"119 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1623144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47121783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-04DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2019.1580234
Kelly A. Doran, N. Watkins, Jennifer C. Duckworth, M. Waldron
Abstract We examined timing of first alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use as a function of paternal death or parental divorce during childhood. Data were drawn from a large ethnically diverse sample, including 4,880 Hispanic, Black, and White children and mothers. Survival analyses were conducted, predicting age at first substance use from parental loss, separately by substance class and child sex and racial/ethnic group. Results confirm risk of early use associated with parental divorce, especially among females, and highlight paternal death as a risk factor for some children. To inform prevention efforts, replication and extension of analyses to identify underlying mechanisms is necessary.
{"title":"Paternal Death, Parental Divorce, and Timing of First Substance Use in an Ethnically Diverse Sample","authors":"Kelly A. Doran, N. Watkins, Jennifer C. Duckworth, M. Waldron","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2019.1580234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1580234","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We examined timing of first alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use as a function of paternal death or parental divorce during childhood. Data were drawn from a large ethnically diverse sample, including 4,880 Hispanic, Black, and White children and mothers. Survival analyses were conducted, predicting age at first substance use from parental loss, separately by substance class and child sex and racial/ethnic group. Results confirm risk of early use associated with parental divorce, especially among females, and highlight paternal death as a risk factor for some children. To inform prevention efforts, replication and extension of analyses to identify underlying mechanisms is necessary.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":"28 1","pages":"83 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1580234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42862268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-04DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2019.1608343
S. King, Jennifer McGee, K. Winters, R. Dupont
Abstract Several risk and protective factors are influential in predicting who uses or abstains from illicit substances during the high school years. The 2014 national cohort data from the Monitoring the Future survey shows the demographics, psychosocial factors, and attitudes regarding substance use that predict abstention by twelfth-graders (versus those who report any lifetime use of any illicit drugs). Being older, having a higher rate of sensation-seeking behaviors, perceiving drugs as easy to obtain, and participation of some social activities were associated with a lower rate of abstention. In contrast, being optimistic, involvement in school activities, perceiving drug and alcohol use as high risk, believing their peers disapprove of substance use, and personally disapproving of substance use were associated with greater abstention from lifetime substance use. A similar model including negative attitudes and experiences (nonuse-related) with marijuana was associated with a greater likelihood to abstain from substances. We examine possible explanations and prevention implications of these findings and discuss the role of abstention in post-high school substance use risks.
{"title":"Correlates of Substance Use Abstinence and Non-Abstinence Among High School Seniors: Results From the 2014 Monitoring the Future Survey","authors":"S. King, Jennifer McGee, K. Winters, R. Dupont","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2019.1608343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1608343","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Several risk and protective factors are influential in predicting who uses or abstains from illicit substances during the high school years. The 2014 national cohort data from the Monitoring the Future survey shows the demographics, psychosocial factors, and attitudes regarding substance use that predict abstention by twelfth-graders (versus those who report any lifetime use of any illicit drugs). Being older, having a higher rate of sensation-seeking behaviors, perceiving drugs as easy to obtain, and participation of some social activities were associated with a lower rate of abstention. In contrast, being optimistic, involvement in school activities, perceiving drug and alcohol use as high risk, believing their peers disapprove of substance use, and personally disapproving of substance use were associated with greater abstention from lifetime substance use. A similar model including negative attitudes and experiences (nonuse-related) with marijuana was associated with a greater likelihood to abstain from substances. We examine possible explanations and prevention implications of these findings and discuss the role of abstention in post-high school substance use risks.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":"28 1","pages":"105 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1608343","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47161129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-04DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2019.1623146
B. Abedi, Sean M. Reardon, K. Winters, Susanne S. Lee
Abstract The present study used data from a randomized controlled trial on brief interventions with adolescents to identify distinct longitudinal patterns of substance use and identify predictors, as well as outcomes associated with those use patterns. Data were originally collected for the purpose of evaluating two brief intervention conditions with adolescents who had been identified in a school setting as abusing alcohol or other drugs (total sample, N = 315). Adolescents were randomly assigned to a two-session adolescent-only brief intervention (BI-A), a two-session adolescent-plus an additional parent session (BI-AP), or an assessment-only control session (CON). We located 74 participants to assess them at approximately 3.5 years post-intervention. Three distinct cluster patterns were identified, including a low decreasing, moderate increasing, and high decreasing pattern of use. The low decreasing cluster was associated with the BI-A condition, mono-substance use, and comorbid anxiety symptoms at baseline. The moderate increasing cluster was associated with the BI-AP condition, polysubstance use, and comorbid conduct disorder symptoms at baseline. No variables were found to be predictive of membership within the high decreasing cluster. There were also no differences found between clusters on adjustment outcomes in young adulthood. Overall findings from this study support the long-term efficacy of a brief intervention, without parent involvement, for adolescents experiencing mild to moderate substance abuse problems. Findings also highlight the importance of early intervention and the tailoring of interventions to meet the unique needs of adolescents.
{"title":"Long-Term Outcome of a Brief Intervention to Address Adolescent Drug Abuse in a School Setting","authors":"B. Abedi, Sean M. Reardon, K. Winters, Susanne S. Lee","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2019.1623146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1623146","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study used data from a randomized controlled trial on brief interventions with adolescents to identify distinct longitudinal patterns of substance use and identify predictors, as well as outcomes associated with those use patterns. Data were originally collected for the purpose of evaluating two brief intervention conditions with adolescents who had been identified in a school setting as abusing alcohol or other drugs (total sample, N = 315). Adolescents were randomly assigned to a two-session adolescent-only brief intervention (BI-A), a two-session adolescent-plus an additional parent session (BI-AP), or an assessment-only control session (CON). We located 74 participants to assess them at approximately 3.5 years post-intervention. Three distinct cluster patterns were identified, including a low decreasing, moderate increasing, and high decreasing pattern of use. The low decreasing cluster was associated with the BI-A condition, mono-substance use, and comorbid anxiety symptoms at baseline. The moderate increasing cluster was associated with the BI-AP condition, polysubstance use, and comorbid conduct disorder symptoms at baseline. No variables were found to be predictive of membership within the high decreasing cluster. There were also no differences found between clusters on adjustment outcomes in young adulthood. Overall findings from this study support the long-term efficacy of a brief intervention, without parent involvement, for adolescents experiencing mild to moderate substance abuse problems. Findings also highlight the importance of early intervention and the tailoring of interventions to meet the unique needs of adolescents.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":"28 1","pages":"132 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1623146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44954959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-04DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2019.1602090
K. McAloney-Kocaman, Paul Rogon, L. Ireland
Abstract Adolescents commonly engage in substance use and sexual behaviors which pose risks for their health. Secondary data analysis of two school-based surveys explored the clustering of lifetime use of cigarettes, alcohol, cannabis, and engagement in sexual intercourse among 2,489 adolescents in Scotland and 1,405 adolescents in Northern Ireland. All four behaviors were clustered with substantially higher prevalence than expected (11 and 24 times higher, respectively). Multiple logistic regression models indicated associations of the four-behavior cluster with sociodemographic factors, with family structure operating as a predictor of clustering across the sample and deprivation operating as a predictor for the Scottish sample. This suggests a need to focus on the interdependence of risk behaviors and factors associated with engagement in risk clusters in distinct cultural settings.
{"title":"Clustering of lifetime substance use and sexual intercourse among young people: Analysis of two school-based surveys","authors":"K. McAloney-Kocaman, Paul Rogon, L. Ireland","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2019.1602090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1602090","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Adolescents commonly engage in substance use and sexual behaviors which pose risks for their health. Secondary data analysis of two school-based surveys explored the clustering of lifetime use of cigarettes, alcohol, cannabis, and engagement in sexual intercourse among 2,489 adolescents in Scotland and 1,405 adolescents in Northern Ireland. All four behaviors were clustered with substantially higher prevalence than expected (11 and 24 times higher, respectively). Multiple logistic regression models indicated associations of the four-behavior cluster with sociodemographic factors, with family structure operating as a predictor of clustering across the sample and deprivation operating as a predictor for the Scottish sample. This suggests a need to focus on the interdependence of risk behaviors and factors associated with engagement in risk clusters in distinct cultural settings.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":"28 1","pages":"104 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2019.1602090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43514930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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