Pub Date : 2018-11-02DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2018.1531097
E. Schmits, E. Quertemont, A. Boulard
abstract The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between depressive mood and lifetime cannabis use in adolescents, particularly through the mediating role of anxiety and cannabis use effect expectancies, and the moderating role of peer cannabis use. A questionnaire was administered to 1,246 adolescents (16 to 17 years old). Analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-square, logistic regressions, and mediation/moderation analyses were performed. Results demonstrate that depressive adolescents show a greater probability of cannabis use when they have friends who also consume cannabis. Also, social anxiety has a preventing effect against cannabis use. However, if adolescents have few or no friends who use cannabis, depression does not appear to be a risk factor, and social anxiety becomes a stronger preventing factor against early cannabis use.
{"title":"Cannabis Use and Depressive Mood in Adolescence: The Mediating/Moderating Role of Anxiety, Cannabis Effect Expectancies, and Peer Users","authors":"E. Schmits, E. Quertemont, A. Boulard","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2018.1531097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1531097","url":null,"abstract":"abstract The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between depressive mood and lifetime cannabis use in adolescents, particularly through the mediating role of anxiety and cannabis use effect expectancies, and the moderating role of peer cannabis use. A questionnaire was administered to 1,246 adolescents (16 to 17 years old). Analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-square, logistic regressions, and mediation/moderation analyses were performed. Results demonstrate that depressive adolescents show a greater probability of cannabis use when they have friends who also consume cannabis. Also, social anxiety has a preventing effect against cannabis use. However, if adolescents have few or no friends who use cannabis, depression does not appear to be a risk factor, and social anxiety becomes a stronger preventing factor against early cannabis use.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1531097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48431387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-02DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2018.1544103
Loes de Veld, I. Wolberink, Joris J. van Hoof, N. van der Lely
Abstract Background: Prior research demonstrated the relationship between birth order and adolescent risky behavior. The possible connection between the presence of siblings and birth order and underage alcohol abuse is unknown. Methods: Our study involves 10 years of data collection on underage alcohol intoxication in Dutch hospitals. A total of 2,234 patients were included in the current study. Results: Adolescents treated for alcohol intoxication less often have no siblings (6.7%) than the population has (14.8%). Furthermore, middle and youngest children are overrepresented in the patient population. Conclusion: The presence of older siblings is a risk factor for acute alcohol intoxication.
{"title":"The relationship between birth order and acute alcohol intoxication among Dutch adolescents","authors":"Loes de Veld, I. Wolberink, Joris J. van Hoof, N. van der Lely","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2018.1544103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1544103","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Prior research demonstrated the relationship between birth order and adolescent risky behavior. The possible connection between the presence of siblings and birth order and underage alcohol abuse is unknown. Methods: Our study involves 10 years of data collection on underage alcohol intoxication in Dutch hospitals. A total of 2,234 patients were included in the current study. Results: Adolescents treated for alcohol intoxication less often have no siblings (6.7%) than the population has (14.8%). Furthermore, middle and youngest children are overrepresented in the patient population. Conclusion: The presence of older siblings is a risk factor for acute alcohol intoxication.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1544103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42534893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2018.1481479
M. Moore, Aryn C. Karpinski, F. Tsien
Abstract Since research shows that interactive prevention programs are more effective than didactic-based lectures, the current study examined the efficacy of an interactive substance abuse prevention program for adolescents. Participants completed pre- and post-surveys examining their substance use knowledge and program perceptions. The program included small groups led by near-peer health care professional trainees as facilitators and interactive, hands-on activities, such as the examination of diseased human organs due to substance use. Results demonstrated statistically significant increases in knowledge of substance use risks on mental and physical health. Findings highlight effective methods that can be implemented by health care professionals to increase awareness of the harmful effects of substance use.
{"title":"An examination of an interactive substance abuse prevention program for high school students","authors":"M. Moore, Aryn C. Karpinski, F. Tsien","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2018.1481479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1481479","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Since research shows that interactive prevention programs are more effective than didactic-based lectures, the current study examined the efficacy of an interactive substance abuse prevention program for adolescents. Participants completed pre- and post-surveys examining their substance use knowledge and program perceptions. The program included small groups led by near-peer health care professional trainees as facilitators and interactive, hands-on activities, such as the examination of diseased human organs due to substance use. Results demonstrated statistically significant increases in knowledge of substance use risks on mental and physical health. Findings highlight effective methods that can be implemented by health care professionals to increase awareness of the harmful effects of substance use.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1481479","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41941051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2018.1500964
M. Lightfoot, Nancy Wu, Shana D. Hughes, Kate Desmond, H. Tevendale, R. Stevens
Abstract Background: Youth experiencing homelessness are at high risk for frequent substance use. This study examines individual, interpersonal, and contextual factors associated with substance use among such youth, age 13–24. Methods: Data were collected through computer-assisted structured interviews with participants (N = 474) recruited at service agencies in Los Angeles. Results: Youth had experienced over two years of homelessness on average. Almost a third used substances frequently; significant risk factors included delinquency, sensation seeking, and ongoing homelessness. Time spent in clubs and organizations was protective. Conclusions: Providing housing and services to curb delinquency may help protect youth from becoming frequent substance users.
{"title":"Risk factors for substance use among youth experiencing homelessness","authors":"M. Lightfoot, Nancy Wu, Shana D. Hughes, Kate Desmond, H. Tevendale, R. Stevens","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2018.1500964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1500964","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Youth experiencing homelessness are at high risk for frequent substance use. This study examines individual, interpersonal, and contextual factors associated with substance use among such youth, age 13–24. Methods: Data were collected through computer-assisted structured interviews with participants (N = 474) recruited at service agencies in Los Angeles. Results: Youth had experienced over two years of homelessness on average. Almost a third used substances frequently; significant risk factors included delinquency, sensation seeking, and ongoing homelessness. Time spent in clubs and organizations was protective. Conclusions: Providing housing and services to curb delinquency may help protect youth from becoming frequent substance users.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1500964","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42234813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-05DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2018.1481480
Joris J. van Hoof, C. Schreurs, N. van der Lely
Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the possible differences between adolescents with an acute alcohol intoxication living in high- and low-population-density areas. Data were used from the Dutch Pediatric Surveillance System, which monitors acute alcohol intoxication among treated adolescents. During treatment, questionnaires are completed by the pediatricians involved, covering socio-demographic characteristics and circumstantial and treatment data. Adolescents eligible for inclusion in the current study had to be under the age of 18 years and have a positive blood alcohol concentration, and the living region was known. This resulted in analyzing data from the years 2007 until 2015, with a total of 4,895 questionnaires. This study shows that treated adolescents who are living in a high-population-density area are significantly younger (15.3 versus 15.5 years) and have a lower blood alcohol concentration at admittance (1.86 versus 1.90 g/l). The patients in the high-population-density areas are less from an autochthonous Dutch origin (86.0% versus 90.7%) and are more often enrolled in a higher educational level (45.4% versus 38.1%). Adolescents in urban areas drink more on the streets (27.7% versus 16.3%), in contrast to those living in a lower-population-density area, who drink in a bar or comparable place. Adolescents living is urban areas are overrepresented in the intoxication sample. This article is the first to describe the differences between alcohol-intoxicated adolescents in high- and low-population-density areas in the Netherlands. These findings are important for the awareness of alcohol abusers, and the design of future prevention strategies. Key messages Demographic, drinking, and intoxication characteristics during alcohol intoxication treatment differ for youngsters coming from high- and low-population-density areas. Youngsters from low-population areas turn out to be older, lower educated, more often Dutch, and drink more in bars, than their counterparts from high-population-density areas. Youngsters from lower density areas have higher blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels, and more often have parental approval to drink. Hospitalization periods are equal for both groups.
{"title":"Characteristics of Adolescents With Acute Alcohol Intoxication: Role of Population Density","authors":"Joris J. van Hoof, C. Schreurs, N. van der Lely","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2018.1481480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1481480","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the possible differences between adolescents with an acute alcohol intoxication living in high- and low-population-density areas. Data were used from the Dutch Pediatric Surveillance System, which monitors acute alcohol intoxication among treated adolescents. During treatment, questionnaires are completed by the pediatricians involved, covering socio-demographic characteristics and circumstantial and treatment data. Adolescents eligible for inclusion in the current study had to be under the age of 18 years and have a positive blood alcohol concentration, and the living region was known. This resulted in analyzing data from the years 2007 until 2015, with a total of 4,895 questionnaires. This study shows that treated adolescents who are living in a high-population-density area are significantly younger (15.3 versus 15.5 years) and have a lower blood alcohol concentration at admittance (1.86 versus 1.90 g/l). The patients in the high-population-density areas are less from an autochthonous Dutch origin (86.0% versus 90.7%) and are more often enrolled in a higher educational level (45.4% versus 38.1%). Adolescents in urban areas drink more on the streets (27.7% versus 16.3%), in contrast to those living in a lower-population-density area, who drink in a bar or comparable place. Adolescents living is urban areas are overrepresented in the intoxication sample. This article is the first to describe the differences between alcohol-intoxicated adolescents in high- and low-population-density areas in the Netherlands. These findings are important for the awareness of alcohol abusers, and the design of future prevention strategies. Key messages Demographic, drinking, and intoxication characteristics during alcohol intoxication treatment differ for youngsters coming from high- and low-population-density areas. Youngsters from low-population areas turn out to be older, lower educated, more often Dutch, and drink more in bars, than their counterparts from high-population-density areas. Youngsters from lower density areas have higher blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels, and more often have parental approval to drink. Hospitalization periods are equal for both groups.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1481480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41864520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-29DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2018.1474824
Amiri Zohreh, Zandkarimi Ghazal
Abstract Behavioral systems and emotional regulation are key components of adolescents’ emotional development. However, little is known about their role in addiction potential. This research was conducted to evaluate the role of behavioral inhibition systems (BIS), behavioral activation systems (BAS) and difficulty with emotional regulation (DER) in adolescents’ addiction potential. The present work is applied correlative research. The 1,900 participants included male adolescents from high schools in the north, south, east, and west of Tehran were the society of this research. The sample was randomly selected by using Morgan’s table for as many as 320 students. The entry criteria were gender, age, grade of education, and non-drug abuse. The research measures were behavioral activation and inhibition systems scales, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, as well as the Addiction Prone Personality scale. The results showed the correlations among BIS, BAS, and DER were positively significant (p < .05). The correlation between BIS and addiction potential was significantly negative (p < .05). Finally, BAS, BIS, and DER, respectively, predicted 57%, 20%, and 22% of the addiction potential?s variance. According to the findings, BAS is the best predictor of the addiction potential. It seems that reward responding and seeking pleasure, which were behavioral activation systems subscales, and DER most contributed to predicting addiction potential.
{"title":"Behavioral Systems and Difficulty with Emotional Regulation Predict Adolescents’ Addiction Potential","authors":"Amiri Zohreh, Zandkarimi Ghazal","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2018.1474824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1474824","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Behavioral systems and emotional regulation are key components of adolescents’ emotional development. However, little is known about their role in addiction potential. This research was conducted to evaluate the role of behavioral inhibition systems (BIS), behavioral activation systems (BAS) and difficulty with emotional regulation (DER) in adolescents’ addiction potential. The present work is applied correlative research. The 1,900 participants included male adolescents from high schools in the north, south, east, and west of Tehran were the society of this research. The sample was randomly selected by using Morgan’s table for as many as 320 students. The entry criteria were gender, age, grade of education, and non-drug abuse. The research measures were behavioral activation and inhibition systems scales, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, as well as the Addiction Prone Personality scale. The results showed the correlations among BIS, BAS, and DER were positively significant (p < .05). The correlation between BIS and addiction potential was significantly negative (p < .05). Finally, BAS, BIS, and DER, respectively, predicted 57%, 20%, and 22% of the addiction potential?s variance. According to the findings, BAS is the best predictor of the addiction potential. It seems that reward responding and seeking pleasure, which were behavioral activation systems subscales, and DER most contributed to predicting addiction potential.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1474824","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49530644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2018.1466749
Changsoo Song, Jennifer N. Rutt, M. Anderson-Knott
Abstract This study examined racial and ethnic differences in the outcomes of a universal evidence-based program targeted to children and adolescents. Using data collected in 2015 and 2016 from the Alcohol: True Stories Hosted by Matt Damon program (N = 925), the study found the outcome of perceptions on risk of harm from alcohol use significantly different between the group of White respondents and the group of non-White respondents, and between the group of Hispanic respondents and the group of non-Hispanic respondents. Program effectiveness was found only among White and non-Hispanic respondents, widening the already existing gap between these populations.
{"title":"Widening the Disparity Gap: Differences in Outcomes for Racial and Ethnic Groups in Youth Substance Abuse Prevention Programming","authors":"Changsoo Song, Jennifer N. Rutt, M. Anderson-Knott","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2018.1466749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1466749","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study examined racial and ethnic differences in the outcomes of a universal evidence-based program targeted to children and adolescents. Using data collected in 2015 and 2016 from the Alcohol: True Stories Hosted by Matt Damon program (N = 925), the study found the outcome of perceptions on risk of harm from alcohol use significantly different between the group of White respondents and the group of non-White respondents, and between the group of Hispanic respondents and the group of non-Hispanic respondents. Program effectiveness was found only among White and non-Hispanic respondents, widening the already existing gap between these populations.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1466749","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48381956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2018.1466748
D. Lardier, Veronica R. Barrios, Pauline Garcia-Reid, R. Reid
Abstract Hispanic urban youth experience high levels of violence, access to drugs and alcohol, and limited access to quality educational institutions, as well as a disproportionate use of substances. However, youth exposed to multiple sources of support, such as values related to family centrality (e.g., family cohesion or familismo) and positive social networks, are less likely to use substances, and more likely to value school and participate in community activities. The present study examines substance use and empowering-protective resources among a cohort of Hispanic students (N = 538) from a northeastern United States urban community. We also assessed the moderating influence of gender using structural equation modeling (SEM) multigroup path analysis techniques. Results indicate that access to more sociocultural resources, such as cohesive families (familismo) and social supports, increases Hispanic adolescents’ community participation and school importance. Outcomes also demonstrate the positive, yet diverging, effects of gender. Implications for community prevention and policy are discussed.
{"title":"Preventing Substance Use Among Hispanic Urban Youth: Valuing the Role of Family, Social Support Networks, School Importance, and Community Engagement","authors":"D. Lardier, Veronica R. Barrios, Pauline Garcia-Reid, R. Reid","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2018.1466748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1466748","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hispanic urban youth experience high levels of violence, access to drugs and alcohol, and limited access to quality educational institutions, as well as a disproportionate use of substances. However, youth exposed to multiple sources of support, such as values related to family centrality (e.g., family cohesion or familismo) and positive social networks, are less likely to use substances, and more likely to value school and participate in community activities. The present study examines substance use and empowering-protective resources among a cohort of Hispanic students (N = 538) from a northeastern United States urban community. We also assessed the moderating influence of gender using structural equation modeling (SEM) multigroup path analysis techniques. Results indicate that access to more sociocultural resources, such as cohesive families (familismo) and social supports, increases Hispanic adolescents’ community participation and school importance. Outcomes also demonstrate the positive, yet diverging, effects of gender. Implications for community prevention and policy are discussed.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1466748","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43692005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-03DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2018.1462281
Charlotte Kaasbøll, R. Hagen, R. Gråwe
ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the use of cannabis among Norwegian adolescents and examine associations with self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression, age, and dose/frequency of use. Methods: A total of 36,714 Norwegian adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 completed a cross-sectional national survey. Results: Cannabis users reported significantly more symptoms of anxiety and depression compared to non-users. There were no significant differences on anxiety and depression scores between those who had tried the drug once and those who had tried it six times or more. Both cannabis use and the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression were found to increase with age. Girls reported less use of cannabis and slightly more symptoms of anxiety and depression compared to boys. Conclusions: The present study contributes to the existing knowledge about important associations between cannabis use and symptoms of anxiety and depression in adolescents. Future research should focus on longitudinal methods in order to better understand the role of environmental and neurobiological explanatory factors.
{"title":"Population-Based Associations Among Cannabis Use, Anxiety, and Depression in Norwegian Adolescents","authors":"Charlotte Kaasbøll, R. Hagen, R. Gråwe","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2018.1462281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1462281","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the use of cannabis among Norwegian adolescents and examine associations with self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression, age, and dose/frequency of use. Methods: A total of 36,714 Norwegian adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 completed a cross-sectional national survey. Results: Cannabis users reported significantly more symptoms of anxiety and depression compared to non-users. There were no significant differences on anxiety and depression scores between those who had tried the drug once and those who had tried it six times or more. Both cannabis use and the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression were found to increase with age. Girls reported less use of cannabis and slightly more symptoms of anxiety and depression compared to boys. Conclusions: The present study contributes to the existing knowledge about important associations between cannabis use and symptoms of anxiety and depression in adolescents. Future research should focus on longitudinal methods in order to better understand the role of environmental and neurobiological explanatory factors.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1462281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45642603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-30DOI: 10.1080/1067828X.2018.1462282
Giannino Melotti, S. Passini
ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to study the impact of violent attitudes on the drug use/violent delinquency relationship. A total of 1,420 adolescents from the province of Rimini (Italy) completed a questionnaire concerning drug use, violent behaviors, and attitudes toward violence. In general, the results seem to confirm that part of the literature that suggests that people who make frequent use of drugs are also those subjects who are more frequently involved in violent behaviors. However, mediation analyses show that both soft and hard drug use have an indirect effect—mediated by attitudes of violence—on violent behaviors. The results suggest the influence of sociopsychological variables (i.e., attitudes and culture of violence) on the relationship between drug abuse and violent behavior. In planning policies to prevent violent behavior, educational and political institutions should encourage interventions addressed to the promotion of a nonviolent culture.
{"title":"Drug Use and Violence Among Adolescents: The Mediation Effect of Attitudes Supporting Violence","authors":"Giannino Melotti, S. Passini","doi":"10.1080/1067828X.2018.1462282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1462282","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to study the impact of violent attitudes on the drug use/violent delinquency relationship. A total of 1,420 adolescents from the province of Rimini (Italy) completed a questionnaire concerning drug use, violent behaviors, and attitudes toward violence. In general, the results seem to confirm that part of the literature that suggests that people who make frequent use of drugs are also those subjects who are more frequently involved in violent behaviors. However, mediation analyses show that both soft and hard drug use have an indirect effect—mediated by attitudes of violence—on violent behaviors. The results suggest the influence of sociopsychological variables (i.e., attitudes and culture of violence) on the relationship between drug abuse and violent behavior. In planning policies to prevent violent behavior, educational and political institutions should encourage interventions addressed to the promotion of a nonviolent culture.","PeriodicalId":46463,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1067828X.2018.1462282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45401902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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