Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics最新文献

英文中文

Exploring container port connectivity in Southeast Asia: An integrated assessment approach 探索东南亚集装箱港口连通性：综合评估方法

IF 3.7 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.06.003

Ming-Jiu Hwang, Ya-Pei Huang

The Asian region has become the world's manufacturing hub due to its cost advantages, driving the development of container transportation. Recently, enterprises have favored Southeast Asia for its demographic dividend and geographical benefits. The relationships between ports are complex, and their roles are evolving. This study introduces a container port and network analysis model to explore the features of container ports and networks in Southeast Asia. Using actual route and port data, it proposes three performance indicators: Annualized Slot Capacity (ASC), Equipment Utilization, and Terminal Productivity. Social Network Analysis (SNA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are used to develop a suitable port connectivity indicator for Southeast Asia, analyzing changes from 2020 to 2022. The study also categorizes and analyzes the characteristics of the Southeast Asian shipping network based on vessel types and includes Kaohsiung Port in the analysis for a comprehensive comparison. The findings show that the proposed port connectivity ranking differs from the LSCI, which focuses on traffic flow, due to differing indicator aspects. Some ports excel in specific networks based on vessel types. From 2020 to 2022, Vietnamese ports showed steady growth in regional networks, while Kaohsiung Port declined, needing to enhance regional cooperation and competitiveness.

亚洲地区凭借其成本优势成为世界制造业中心，带动了集装箱运输的发展。近年来，东南亚因其人口红利和地理优势而受到企业青睐。港口之间的关系很复杂，它们的角色也在不断演变。本研究引入货柜港口及网络分析模型，探讨东南亚货柜港口及网络的特点。根据实际路由和端口数据，提出了三个性能指标：年度槽位容量（Annualized Slot Capacity， ASC）、设备利用率（Equipment Utilization）和终端生产率（Terminal Productivity）。使用社会网络分析（SNA）和主成分分析（PCA）来制定适合东南亚的港口连通性指标，分析2020年至2022年的变化。本研究亦以船型分类分析东南亚航运网络的特点，并将高雄港纳入分析范围，以作全面比较。研究结果表明，由于指标方面的不同，所提出的港口连通性排名与关注交通流量的LSCI有所不同。一些港口在基于船舶类型的特定网络中表现出色。从2020年到2022年，越南港口在区域网络中稳步增长，而高雄港则有所下降，需要加强区域合作和竞争力。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of the China effect and global financial crisis on Korea’s shipping industry, 2004–2010 中国效应与全球金融危机对韩国航运业的影响(2004-2010

IF 3.7 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.06.002

S. June Kim

The Korean shipping industry, which had been striving to recover from the Asian Financial Crisis, underwent significant quantitative expansion between 2004 and 2008. This growth was largely fueled by the so-called “China Effect,” which generated a global shipping boom, during which an average of 20 new ocean-going shipping companies were founded annually in Korea. However, the waning of the China Effect in 2008, compounded by the global financial crisis, triggered a renewed downturn in the industry. Drawing on previously unreleased application data submitted to the Korea Shipowners’ Association, this paper analyzes the dynamics and characteristics of Korea’s shipping boom during the China-led surge and examines the industry's response to the subsequent crisis between 2008 and 2010. The findings shed light on the structural factors behind Korea’s emergence as a global maritime power and provide a historical foundation for future quantitative research on post-2010 developments.

从外汇危机中恢复过来的韩国航运业在2004年至2008年期间经历了大规模的数量扩张。这一增长主要得益于“中国效应”。在此期间，韩国平均每年新成立20家远洋航运公司，掀起了全球航运业的热潮。然而，2008年中国效应减弱，再加上全球金融危机，引发了该行业新一轮的低迷。根据提交给韩国船东协会（Korea Shipowners’Association）的未公开申请数据，本文分析了在中国主导的航运业激增期间韩国航运业繁荣的动态和特征，并考察了该行业对随后2008年至2010年危机的反应。研究结果揭示了韩国崛起为全球海洋大国背后的结构性因素，并为未来对2010年后发展的定量研究提供了历史基础。

引用次数: 0

Determinants of air cargo volumes within airport networks: Insights from an augmented gravity model with economic distance and geographic threshold effects 机场网络中航空货运量的决定因素：从具有经济距离和地理阈值效应的增强重力模型的见解

IF 3.7 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.06.004

Zhen Wu , Po-Lin Lai , Pairach Piboonrungroj , Hao Guo

This study analyzed the determinants of air cargo volumes between airports using an augmented gravity model. Data from 115 airport pairs in China spanning 2009–2020 were utilized. The findings reveal that economic disparity significantly influences air cargo volumes, with greater economic differences between airports' host cities leading to reduced cargo flows. Geographic distance also plays a crucial role and exhibits a nonlinear effect. By extending the panel gravity model into a threshold regression model, this study finds that when the distance is less than 430 km, air cargo connectivity weakens as the distance increases. Beyond 430 km, however, geographic distance positively impacts air cargo volumes, indicating that air cargo frequency increases with longer distances. Population size in airport host cities affects cargo volumes, with departure city populations having a stronger influence. Additionally, airport-specific factors such as available tonnage, flight schedules, and regular shift load factors are significant determinants, with the regular shift load factor being particularly impactful. By incorporating time-varying economic distances and geographic threshold effects, this study improves upon the traditional gravity model, offering a more nuanced approach for analyzing airport cargo flows. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, enabling them to better understand the factors influencing air cargo volumes and implement effective strategies to foster sustainable growth in the air cargo industry.

本研究使用增强重力模型分析机场间航空货运量的决定因素。利用了2009-2020年间中国115个机场对的数据。研究结果显示，经济差异显著影响航空货运量，机场所在城市之间的经济差异越大，导致货运量减少。地理距离也起着至关重要的作用，并表现出非线性效应。通过将面板重力模型扩展为阈值回归模型，研究发现当距离小于430 km时，航空货运连通性随着距离的增加而减弱。然而，超过430 公里的地理距离对航空货运量有积极影响，表明航空货运频率随着距离的增加而增加。机场主办城市人口规模影响货运量，其中始发城市人口影响更大。此外，机场特定因素，如可用吨位、航班时刻表和定期轮班负荷因素是重要的决定因素，其中定期轮班负荷因素尤其具有影响力。通过结合时变经济距离和地理阈值效应，本研究改进了传统的重力模型，为分析机场货流提供了更细致的方法。研究结果为政策制定者提供了宝贵的见解，使他们能够更好地了解影响航空货运量的因素，并实施有效的策略，以促进航空货运业的可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

Innovative intermodal transportation business models for perishables: A scoping review 易腐货物的创新多式联运商业模式：范围审查

IF 3.7 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.07.002

María del Carmen García Barranco, Juan Carlos Pérez Mesa, Jesús Hernández Rubio

This paper presents a scoping review of the literature on innovative business models (BM) in the context of intermodal transport of perishable goods, with a particular focus on short sea shipping (SSS). It explores the ongoing reluctance of supply chain stakeholders to adopt modal shift strategies, despite well-documented environmental and social benefits. To address this challenge, the study proposes the BM concept as a strategic and operational tool to bridge the gap between vision and implementation, particularly within the agri-food sector, where supply chain management is critical. The review reveals a strong prevalence of BM oriented toward digitalization and collaboration to enhance intermodal logistics. However, it also identifies a notable gap in models that address externality reduction and improvements in service quality. Those two dimensions are especially relevant for the successful implementation of intermodal solutions for perishable products.

本文对易腐货物多式联运背景下的创新商业模式（BM）的文献进行了范围审查，特别关注短途海运（SSS）。它探讨了供应链利益相关者不愿意采取模式转变战略，尽管有充分的环境和社会效益。为了应对这一挑战，该研究提出了BM概念作为一种战略和操作工具，以弥合愿景与实施之间的差距，特别是在供应链管理至关重要的农业食品部门。该综述揭示了以数字化和协作为导向的BM的强大流行，以增强多式联运物流。然而，它也指出了解决外部性减少和服务质量改进的模型的显著差距。这两个方面对于易腐产品的多式联运解决方案的成功实施尤为重要。

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the competitive structure of the grain terminal in the West Coast region of South Korea 韩国西海岸地区粮食码头竞争结构分析

IF 3.7 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.06.001

Maria Listan Bernal, Young-Seo Choi, Margarita Krivoshapkina, Gi-Tae Yeo

This study aimed to analyze the competition structure of grain terminals in the West Coast region of South Korea. Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), shift-share analysis, and Boston consulting group (BCG) Matrix approaches were used in this study. The results showed that grain terminals in Incheon, such as Hanjin, CJ Korea Express, Daehan Silo, and Korea TBT, did not attain the positive handling level of the Taeyoung Grain Terminal located in Pyeongtaek Dangjin port and outstanding gains of Sun Kwang (Gunsan) grain terminal. The results of this study have implications for the establishment of government policies such as the construction of additional grain terminals and repair of existing facilities.

本研究旨在分析韩国西海岸地区粮食码头的竞争结构。本研究采用赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数（HHI）、偏移份额分析和波士顿咨询集团（BCG）矩阵方法。结果显示，韩进、CJ大韩通运、大韩仓仓、韩国TBT等仁川地区的粮食码头，没有达到平泽唐津港太荣粮食码头的积极处理水平，也没有达到善光（群山）粮食码头的突出表现。本研究的结果对政府政策的制定，如建设额外的粮食码头和修复现有设施具有启示意义。

引用次数: 0

A comparative evaluation of machine learning approaches for container freight rates prediction 集装箱运价预测机器学习方法的比较评价

IF 3.3 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics

Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.05.001

Namhun Kim , Junhee Cha , Junwoo Jeon

This study evaluates the predictive performance of four models—Decision Tree, Random Forest, Prophet, and LSTM—in forecasting container freight rates, a key metric for strategic decision-making in the shipping industry. To address data heterogeneity, Min-Max normalization was applied, and the Johansen co-integration test confirmed long-term relationships among the variables, justifying the use of raw data in our analysis. Performance was assessed using MSE, RMSE, NMSE, MAE, MAPE and SMAPE. While both Decision Tree and Random Forest models yielded lower absolute errors compared to LSTM and Prophet, the Decision Tree model demonstrated superior relative accuracy, outperforming Random Forest by approximately 91.8 % on the USWC route, 52.1 % on USEC, 43.5 % on MED, and 22.7 % on NEUR. These findings highlight the robustness of the Decision Tree model for container freight rate forecasting under volatile market conditions.

本研究评估了四种模型（决策树、随机森林、先知和lstm）在预测集装箱运价（航运业战略决策的关键指标）方面的预测性能。为了解决数据的异质性，我们应用了最小-最大归一化，并通过约翰森协整检验证实了变量之间的长期关系，证明了在我们的分析中使用原始数据是合理的。使用MSE、RMSE、NMSE、MAE、MAPE和SMAPE对性能进行评估。虽然决策树和随机森林模型的绝对误差都低于LSTM和Prophet，但决策树模型表现出更高的相对准确性，在USWC路线上优于随机森林约91.8 %，在USEC路线上优于52.1 %，在MED路线上优于43.5 %，在NEUR路线上优于22.7 %。这些发现突出了决策树模型在波动市场条件下集装箱运价预测的稳健性。

引用次数: 0

Orchestrating agile omnichannel supply chain planning through big data analytics and end-to-end visibility 通过大数据分析和端到端可见性，协调敏捷的全渠道供应链规划

IF 3.3 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics

Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.05.002

Ting Kai Ooi , Cheng-Hsien Hsieh , Shu-Mei Wang , Yu-Kai Huang

Global supply chains become increasingly complex due to various uncertainties associated with the constant flux. With more firms engaging in global trade, reaping the benefits of offshoring and outsourcing a multitude of business functions worldwide, the increasing complexity continuously tests each company’s supply chain resilience and agility. The advent of e-commerce makes omnichannel more critical for traditional retailers. Omnichannel supply chains introduce an increased operational complexity to the information flows than that of traditional supply chains, including the need to coordinate numerous sales channels, multiple net-work nodes and decentralised inventory. A lack of end-to-end visibility of information flows can result in poor demand-supply matching and eventually cause service loss concerning stockouts. Accordingly, this study uses big data analytics to explore the relationship between forecast accuracy and visibility. A company in the fast-moving consumer goods industry centred on the Association of South-east Asian Nations region is employed as the empirical case. Not only determining correlations between the transmitted forecasts and actual supply needs but also insights into the growing emphasis on the omnichannel supply chain are discussed. Analytical results indicate that end-to-end visibility of information is highly correlated with forecast accuracy of demand, supply and production planning. The developed framework assists businesses in understanding the complexities of omnichannel operations and the benefits of information consolidation. This enhances businesses’ predictive analytics capabilities to facilitate supply chain planning and thus improve overall supply chain agility.

由于不断变化的各种不确定性，全球供应链变得越来越复杂。随着越来越多的公司参与全球贸易，在全球范围内获得离岸和外包众多业务功能的好处，日益增加的复杂性不断考验着每个公司的供应链弹性和敏捷性。电子商务的出现使得全渠道对传统零售商来说更加重要。与传统供应链相比，全渠道供应链增加了信息流的操作复杂性，包括需要协调众多销售渠道、多个网络节点和分散库存。信息流的端到端可见性的缺乏可能导致需求-供应匹配不良，并最终导致与缺货有关的服务损失。因此，本研究使用大数据分析来探讨预测准确性与可见性之间的关系。本文以东南亚国家联盟（asean）地区为中心，选取一家快速消费品行业的公司作为实证案例。不仅确定传递的预测与实际供应需求之间的相关性，而且还讨论了对日益强调的全渠道供应链的见解。分析结果表明，信息的端到端可见性与需求、供应和生产计划的预测准确性高度相关。开发的框架帮助企业理解全渠道操作的复杂性和信息整合的好处。这增强了企业的预测分析能力，以促进供应链规划，从而提高整个供应链的敏捷性。

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引用次数: 0

Challenges and opportunities for Korea's shipping industry in the era of globalization: The impact of financial crisis from 1998 to 2003 全球化时代韩国航运业的挑战与机遇——1998 - 2003年金融危机的影响

IF 3.3 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsl.2024.11.004

Sung June Kim

The Korean shipping industry, which underwent consolidation of shipping companies in the 1980s, continued to grow with the recovery of the global economy from the late 1980s to the first half of the 1990s. The civilian government that came to power after 30 years of military rule gradually abolished government-led protection and support policies in line with the trend of globalization, culminating in Korea’s accession to the OECD in 1996. However, this globalization policy ultimately resulted in a financial crisis. From 1998–2003, the Korean shipping industry had to struggle to survive amid a national financial crisis. In this paper, the author aims to analyze the impact of the financial crisis on the Korean shipping industry. This will contribute to understanding the underlying causes of the bankruptcy of Hanjin Shipping and Cho Yang Shipping, which were among the top five shipping companies in Korea.

从80年代末到90年代上半期，经历了海运企业合并的韩国海运业随着世界经济的复苏而持续增长。结束30年军事统治的文官政府根据全球化的趋势，逐渐废除了政府主导的保护和支援政策，最终于1996年加入了经济合作与发展组织（OECD）。然而，这种全球化政策最终导致了一场金融危机。从1998年到2003年，韩国航运业在国家财政危机中挣扎求生。在本文中，作者旨在分析金融危机对韩国航运业的影响。这将有助于理解韩国五大航运公司之一的韩进海运和朝阳海运的破产原因。

引用次数: 0

Sustainable port operations and environmental initiatives in Malaysia: A focus on environmental sustainability 马来西亚的可持续港口运营和环境举措：注重环境的可持续性

IF 3.3 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.01.002

Muhamad Safuan Shamshol Bahri , S.Sarifah Radiah Shariff , Nazry Yahya

Sustainable port growth remains a major concern in Asia and the Pacific, where more than half of the busiest ports are located and where two-thirds of the world's maritime trade is now concentrated. Most ports continue to strive to improve their performance and productivity to compete with the growing volume of sea trade, as well as the quality of their inland connections. At the same time, various air and water pollutants, as well as other harmful environmental externalities caused by port activities, the Port also needs to address urgent environmental issues to ensure the sustainability of this sea trade. In this study, the essential elements of sustainable port operations are explored through a comprehensive systematic literature review, which is not just a collection of existing studies, but it also analyzes and synthesizes various approaches to evaluate port performance from an environmental sustainability perspective. The transition from theory to practice, in the second part through the focus group discussion of this study, has analyzed the views of the management of some leading Ports in Malaysia to understand how the concept of sustainability theory is implemented in practical situations. The results of this study provide a detailed view of the environmental initiatives and strategies implemented by interacting with those directly involved in the operation and management of Malaysian ports. It records the challenges, successes and ambitions of Malaysian ports in their efforts towards sustainability.

港口的可持续增长仍然是亚太地区的一个主要问题，超过一半的最繁忙港口位于亚太地区，目前全球三分之二的海上贸易集中在亚太地区。大多数港口继续努力提高其性能和生产力，以与不断增长的海上贸易量以及内陆连接的质量竞争。同时，各种空气和水的污染物，以及其他有害的环境外部性造成的港口活动，港口还需要解决紧迫的环境问题，以确保这种海上贸易的可持续性。在本研究中，通过全面系统的文献综述，探索港口可持续经营的基本要素，这不仅是对现有研究的收集，而且还分析和综合了从环境可持续性角度评估港口绩效的各种方法。从理论到实践的过渡，在第二部分通过本研究的焦点小组讨论，分析了马来西亚一些主要港口的管理观点，以了解可持续发展理论的概念如何在实际情况下实施。本研究的结果提供了通过与直接参与马来西亚港口运营和管理的人员互动而实施的环境倡议和战略的详细视图。它记录了马来西亚港口在实现可持续发展方面的挑战、成功和雄心。

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Analyzing risk factors in ship-to-ship liquefied natural gas bunkering operations 船对船液化天然气加注作业风险因素分析

IF 3.3 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.01.003

Young-Seo Choi, Maria Listan Bernal, Margarita Krivoshapkina, Gi-Tae Yeo

This study evaluates the risk factors during ship-to-ship liquefied natural gas bunkering in South Korea using the consistent fuzzy preference relations method. The study showed that the detailed factor “The operator’s inability to recognize the operational condition, system status, or measuring instrument status” was ranked first with 0.112, alluding to the human error principal factor. “Control equipment malfunction (0.073)” and “Operation of the Emergency Shut-Down (ESD) System (0.071)” ranked in second and third place, respectively. Based on this study’s industrial implications, expert opinions were integrated to prioritize risk factors, enabling industrial managers to proactively prepare.

本文采用一致模糊偏好关系法对韩国船对船液化天然气加注过程中的风险因素进行了评价。研究表明，详细因素“操作员无法识别操作条件、系统状态或测量仪器状态”以0.112排名第一，暗指人为错误主因素。“控制设备故障（0.073）”和“紧急停机（ESD）系统运行（0.071）”分别排在第二和第三位。基于本研究对行业的影响，我们整合了专家的意见，对风险因素进行优先排序，使行业管理者能够主动做好准备。

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