S. Latorre, Gabriel April-Lalonde, Myriam Paredes, F. Muñoz
La globalización de los sistemas agro-alimentarios en América Latina ha conllevado fuertes transformaciones socio-económicas, ambientales y alimentarias en los países de la región. Estas transformaciones han generado sistemas agro-alimentarios cada vez más estandarizados, industrializados y altamente excluyentes. A la par, en la región se identifican patrones de práctica locales diversificados que, sin implicar una ruptura total con estas tendencias predominantes, muchas veces representan estrategias sustentables de consumo. Con base en una perspectiva que valora la heterogeneidad y la práctica como el sitio de lo social, estudiamos a los consumidores de Quito, Ecuador que incluyen circuitos alternativos de comercialización (CIALCOS) entre sus patrones de compra de alimentos. Buscamos conocer las relaciones entre sus prácticas diferenciadas de compra, su alimentación y sus rasgos socio-económicos. Encontramos que, entre estos consumidores en Quito, el uso de CIALCOS es alto y se produce, en diferentes combinaciones, pero en cierto grado, a expensas de los lugares convencionales de compra. Lo que se traduce en una dieta saludable con alto consumo de frutas y verduras. Este patrón se refleja de forma más clara en dos de los tres clústeres de consumidores obtenidos. Sin embargo, para el clúster más numeroso, el patrón de compra se combina con una alimentación más moderna. Los resultados reflejan que los consumidores de alimentos que incluyen a los CIALCOS en sus estrategias de compra, ensamblan prácticas flexibles, localizadas y con diferente grado de sustentabilidad. Ilustramos, de esta manera, las intrincadas y creativas vías del llamado giro cualitativo del consumidor.
{"title":"Prácticas alimentarias y patrones de compra de los consumidores que se abastecen en circuitos alternativos de comercialización en Quito, Ecuador","authors":"S. Latorre, Gabriel April-Lalonde, Myriam Paredes, F. Muñoz","doi":"10.1353/lag.0.0183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lag.0.0183","url":null,"abstract":"La globalización de los sistemas agro-alimentarios en América Latina ha conllevado fuertes transformaciones socio-económicas, ambientales y alimentarias en los países de la región. Estas transformaciones han generado sistemas agro-alimentarios cada vez más estandarizados, industrializados y altamente excluyentes. A la par, en la región se identifican patrones de práctica locales diversificados que, sin implicar una ruptura total con estas tendencias predominantes, muchas veces representan estrategias sustentables de consumo. Con base en una perspectiva que valora la heterogeneidad y la práctica como el sitio de lo social, estudiamos a los consumidores de Quito, Ecuador que incluyen circuitos alternativos de comercialización (CIALCOS) entre sus patrones de compra de alimentos. Buscamos conocer las relaciones entre sus prácticas diferenciadas de compra, su alimentación y sus rasgos socio-económicos. Encontramos que, entre estos consumidores en Quito, el uso de CIALCOS es alto y se produce, en diferentes combinaciones, pero en cierto grado, a expensas de los lugares convencionales de compra. Lo que se traduce en una dieta saludable con alto consumo de frutas y verduras. Este patrón se refleja de forma más clara en dos de los tres clústeres de consumidores obtenidos. Sin embargo, para el clúster más numeroso, el patrón de compra se combina con una alimentación más moderna. Los resultados reflejan que los consumidores de alimentos que incluyen a los CIALCOS en sus estrategias de compra, ensamblan prácticas flexibles, localizadas y con diferente grado de sustentabilidad. Ilustramos, de esta manera, las intrincadas y creativas vías del llamado giro cualitativo del consumidor.","PeriodicalId":46531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Geography","volume":"19 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66811789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Nature of Space By Milton Santos, translated by Brenda Baletti Duke University Press (2021) (review)","authors":"J. Seemann, John C. Finn","doi":"10.1353/lag.0.0184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lag.0.0184","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Geography","volume":" ","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44696941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Nature of Space By Milton Santos, translated by Brenda Baletti Duke University Press (2021) (review)","authors":"Federico Ferretti","doi":"10.1353/lag.0.0188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lag.0.0188","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Geography","volume":" ","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45198999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this article is to document the spatial diffusion of the National Liberation Army (ELN) in Colombia and Venezuela. Building on a comprehensive database of more than 2100 violent incidents collected by the Armed Conflict Location & Event Database (ACLED) project and the Global Terrorism Database (GTD), the paper examines whether the ELN has expanded or relocated into Venezuela following the peace accords with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in 2016. We find that the vast majority of events and fatalities involving the ELN are located in Colombia. Recent years, however, have seen a significant increase in armed actions by the ELN on Venezuelan soil. This expansion was facilitated by the ultimate demobilization of the FARC and the ongoing social, political, and economic implosion that has wracked Venezuela since 2014. The ELN is a typical case of diffusion by escalation marked by a growth in violent events and fatalities in both the country of origin of armed groups and their new destination.
{"title":"Revolutionary Insurgents or Conservative Reactionaries? National Liberation Army’s Transnational Expansion in Colombia and Venezuela","authors":"J. D. Rojas, Olivier J. Walther","doi":"10.1353/lag.0.0182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lag.0.0182","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this article is to document the spatial diffusion of the National Liberation Army (ELN) in Colombia and Venezuela. Building on a comprehensive database of more than 2100 violent incidents collected by the Armed Conflict Location & Event Database (ACLED) project and the Global Terrorism Database (GTD), the paper examines whether the ELN has expanded or relocated into Venezuela following the peace accords with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in 2016. We find that the vast majority of events and fatalities involving the ELN are located in Colombia. Recent years, however, have seen a significant increase in armed actions by the ELN on Venezuelan soil. This expansion was facilitated by the ultimate demobilization of the FARC and the ongoing social, political, and economic implosion that has wracked Venezuela since 2014. The ELN is a typical case of diffusion by escalation marked by a growth in violent events and fatalities in both the country of origin of armed groups and their new destination.","PeriodicalId":46531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Geography","volume":"1 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66811746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Nature of Space By Milton Santos, translated by Brenda Baletti Duke University Press (2021) (review)","authors":"E. Macaringue","doi":"10.1353/lag.0.0189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lag.0.0189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Geography","volume":" ","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46872719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ton Santos apresenta uma teoria social do espaço geográfico. O processo da sua elaboração envolveu a produção de um manancial de estudos publicados em forma de livros, ensaios e coletâneas que serviram de base para a formulação da sua teoria social do lugar, do espaço geográfico e do território, inclusive a tradução de três outros livros da sua autoria para o inglês (Santos, 2017a, 2017b, 2020). A obra de Milton Santos é substancial (Melgaço & Prouse, 2017). No primeiro capítulo do livro, uma ontologia do espaço: noções fundadoras, encontram-se os esclarecimentos das bases teórico-conceptuais dos conceitos técnica e tempo. O segundo capítulo, a produção das formas-conteúdo, foi dedicado à apresentação dos processos operacionais de produção das formas-conteúdo para mostrar a indissociabilidade de sentido e realidade. Por uma geografia do presente é a terceira parte do livro. Nessa secção, o autor demonstra o papel da geografia na interpretação dos eventos que se sucedem no espaço. A quarta parte encerra com a força do lugar. Aqui Santos faz uma análise das singularidades dos lugares: o lugar e o cotidiano, as ordens universal e local em conflito perpétuo. Note-se que em termos de abordagem metodológica, o processo de concepção da teoria espacial é baseado no binômio descrição-explicação: “Description and explication are inseparable. The desire to explicate should be the basis of good description, and good description itself presupposes the existence of a system” (p. 2). Esse método permite a sua apropriação por outros campos de saber e até serve como base para a interpretação dos fatos que ocorrem em qualquer canto do mundo, mas sobretudo, nos países subdesenvolvidos, com maior destaque nos latino americanos e da África Subsaariana. A maior parte da argumentação teórica contida na obra, senão toda, destaca que as forças motrizes de transformações que sucedem no espaço, tanto nos meios da natureza até aos espaços humanizados, já com funções definidas, no contexto de divisão territorial do trabalho, são galvanizadas pela velocidade da técnica e pelo movimento de acumulação do capital. Esse processo é viabilizado pela globalização. Pode-se dizer que a teoria do espaço, ou teoria do território, ou ainda a teoria do lugar, emerge a partir da interpretação dos objetos espaciais, das ações dos atores hegemónicos e das narrativas ideológicas. Para o autor, a técnica é um meio e, ao mesmo tempo, um instrumento de produção e de reprodução do espaço geográfico. Por sua vez, o tempo se constitui como um meio que auxilia na identificação das etapas da evolução das técnicas, do movimento de propagação como ainda na identificação das particularidades do espaço real e do tempo real. No espaço geográfico, a técnica se manifesta por meio de sistemas de objetos. Na nossa reflexão sobre esse fato, fixamo-nos em alguns empreendimentos implantados em Moçambique, como por exemplo, a Barragem de Cahora Bassa que foi implantada numa das secções do rio Zambeze, com o objet
{"title":"The Nature of Space by Milton Santos (review)","authors":"E. Macaringue","doi":"10.1353/lag.2022.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lag.2022.0033","url":null,"abstract":"ton Santos apresenta uma teoria social do espaço geográfico. O processo da sua elaboração envolveu a produção de um manancial de estudos publicados em forma de livros, ensaios e coletâneas que serviram de base para a formulação da sua teoria social do lugar, do espaço geográfico e do território, inclusive a tradução de três outros livros da sua autoria para o inglês (Santos, 2017a, 2017b, 2020). A obra de Milton Santos é substancial (Melgaço & Prouse, 2017). No primeiro capítulo do livro, uma ontologia do espaço: noções fundadoras, encontram-se os esclarecimentos das bases teórico-conceptuais dos conceitos técnica e tempo. O segundo capítulo, a produção das formas-conteúdo, foi dedicado à apresentação dos processos operacionais de produção das formas-conteúdo para mostrar a indissociabilidade de sentido e realidade. Por uma geografia do presente é a terceira parte do livro. Nessa secção, o autor demonstra o papel da geografia na interpretação dos eventos que se sucedem no espaço. A quarta parte encerra com a força do lugar. Aqui Santos faz uma análise das singularidades dos lugares: o lugar e o cotidiano, as ordens universal e local em conflito perpétuo. Note-se que em termos de abordagem metodológica, o processo de concepção da teoria espacial é baseado no binômio descrição-explicação: “Description and explication are inseparable. The desire to explicate should be the basis of good description, and good description itself presupposes the existence of a system” (p. 2). Esse método permite a sua apropriação por outros campos de saber e até serve como base para a interpretação dos fatos que ocorrem em qualquer canto do mundo, mas sobretudo, nos países subdesenvolvidos, com maior destaque nos latino americanos e da África Subsaariana. A maior parte da argumentação teórica contida na obra, senão toda, destaca que as forças motrizes de transformações que sucedem no espaço, tanto nos meios da natureza até aos espaços humanizados, já com funções definidas, no contexto de divisão territorial do trabalho, são galvanizadas pela velocidade da técnica e pelo movimento de acumulação do capital. Esse processo é viabilizado pela globalização. Pode-se dizer que a teoria do espaço, ou teoria do território, ou ainda a teoria do lugar, emerge a partir da interpretação dos objetos espaciais, das ações dos atores hegemónicos e das narrativas ideológicas. Para o autor, a técnica é um meio e, ao mesmo tempo, um instrumento de produção e de reprodução do espaço geográfico. Por sua vez, o tempo se constitui como um meio que auxilia na identificação das etapas da evolução das técnicas, do movimento de propagação como ainda na identificação das particularidades do espaço real e do tempo real. No espaço geográfico, a técnica se manifesta por meio de sistemas de objetos. Na nossa reflexão sobre esse fato, fixamo-nos em alguns empreendimentos implantados em Moçambique, como por exemplo, a Barragem de Cahora Bassa que foi implantada numa das secções do rio Zambeze, com o objet","PeriodicalId":46531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Geography","volume":"21 1","pages":"208 - 211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49381596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
translating milton santos In his contribution to this symposium, Trevor Barnes notes that Milton Santos opens "e Nature of Space by apologizing for the fact that the book took twenty-!ve years to write, explaining that it was due to care rather than negligence. Barnes adds that writing this magnum opus took twenty-!ve years in part due to the complex, cosmopolitan nature of the content, and in part because it was forged through an intellectual life based in Santos’ political dissidence, which kept him on the move and actively dedicated to intervening in the world. My translation of Santos’ tour de force took nearly a decade for reasons that I would like to think Santos, as Federico Ferre&i put it in his contribution to this symposium, “would have loved” (this issue, p. 205) To translate this work with the care that it merited o(en required that I (re)visit the texts that Santos dialogued with to best interpret what he was saying—a time-consuming intellectual endeavor. I also translated this book in the o* hours, where they existed, of work in a community political organization, where constant crises kept us on the move and a rigorous study of the world required engaging a heterodox body of theory and history, all of which also informed this translation. +at is all to say that in the same way that Santos’ life and work were interwoven, so
{"title":"The Nature of Space by Milton Santos (review)","authors":"B. Baletti","doi":"10.1353/lag.2022.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lag.2022.0035","url":null,"abstract":"translating milton santos In his contribution to this symposium, Trevor Barnes notes that Milton Santos opens \"e Nature of Space by apologizing for the fact that the book took twenty-!ve years to write, explaining that it was due to care rather than negligence. Barnes adds that writing this magnum opus took twenty-!ve years in part due to the complex, cosmopolitan nature of the content, and in part because it was forged through an intellectual life based in Santos’ political dissidence, which kept him on the move and actively dedicated to intervening in the world. My translation of Santos’ tour de force took nearly a decade for reasons that I would like to think Santos, as Federico Ferre&i put it in his contribution to this symposium, “would have loved” (this issue, p. 205) To translate this work with the care that it merited o(en required that I (re)visit the texts that Santos dialogued with to best interpret what he was saying—a time-consuming intellectual endeavor. I also translated this book in the o* hours, where they existed, of work in a community political organization, where constant crises kept us on the move and a rigorous study of the world required engaging a heterodox body of theory and history, all of which also informed this translation. +at is all to say that in the same way that Santos’ life and work were interwoven, so","PeriodicalId":46531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Geography","volume":"21 1","pages":"214 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49070982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Milton Santos (1926–2001) writes in his introduction of the long gestation period of The Nature of Space. He tells about the French geographer, Jean Brunhes, an acolyte of Vidal de la Blache (aren’t they all?), who apologized for the ten-year delay in publishing his 1914, 987-page tome, La Géographie Humaine. Santos’s volume—a mere 287 pages and first published in Portuguese in Brazil in 1996—took twenty-five years. He says the lag was “due to care, rather than to negligence” (p. 1). I believe him. In confronting the nature of space, Santos ranges across an inordinately wide array of philosophical, social-scientific, and geographical literatures. It feels like a lifetime’s reading, not a quarter of a century’s. Nearly everyone who is anyone is in there, including, among others, Kant, Spinoza, Hegel, Marx, James, Whitehead, Wittgenstein, Schütz, Merleau-Ponty, Sartre, Braudel, Althusser, Habermas, Baudrillard, Latour, and Giddens. But the result is neither a cacophony nor mere lip-service— long lists of names and years in brackets.
{"title":"The Nature of Space by Milton Santos (review)","authors":"T. Barnes","doi":"10.1353/lag.2022.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lag.2022.0029","url":null,"abstract":"Milton Santos (1926–2001) writes in his introduction of the long gestation period of The Nature of Space. He tells about the French geographer, Jean Brunhes, an acolyte of Vidal de la Blache (aren’t they all?), who apologized for the ten-year delay in publishing his 1914, 987-page tome, La Géographie Humaine. Santos’s volume—a mere 287 pages and first published in Portuguese in Brazil in 1996—took twenty-five years. He says the lag was “due to care, rather than to negligence” (p. 1). I believe him. In confronting the nature of space, Santos ranges across an inordinately wide array of philosophical, social-scientific, and geographical literatures. It feels like a lifetime’s reading, not a quarter of a century’s. Nearly everyone who is anyone is in there, including, among others, Kant, Spinoza, Hegel, Marx, James, Whitehead, Wittgenstein, Schütz, Merleau-Ponty, Sartre, Braudel, Althusser, Habermas, Baudrillard, Latour, and Giddens. But the result is neither a cacophony nor mere lip-service— long lists of names and years in brackets.","PeriodicalId":46531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Geography","volume":"21 1","pages":"194 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46473935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. C. Risso, Clerisnaldo Rodrigues de Carvalho, Liz Mason-Deese
In the thirty years following the enactment of the 1988 Brazilian Constitution, Indigenous and environmental rights advanced through policies and actions that led to important results, as shown by the decrease in annual deforestation rates. It is worth pointing out that providing socio-environmental protections and development has always been an arduous and, at times, paradoxical task for the Brazilian state, as there are copious economic interests fighting against and overriding the rights in question. However, previous governments never gave up and were successfully able to reduce deforestation and comply with international treaties and programs, in which Brazil played a prominent role. Since 2019, when Bolsonaro’s government—characterized by a reactionary position in relation to those issues, including a pronouncement against environmental conservation and the demarcation of Indigenous lands and in favor of economic sectors interested in exploring the Amazon—came to power, problems related to these matters have intensified. To achieve its objectives, the government elaborated a series of anti-policies connected by omissions, negligence, and the dismantling of environmental and Indigenous institutions. That scenario of devastation favored groups and individuals that felt they had the right to invade Indigenous lands and deforest the Amazon rainforest. Government actions converged to make those protected lands available for land grabs, agribusiness, and mining, similar to what happened during the period of military rule (1964-1985). Bolsonaro was trained by the Bolsonaro’s Anti-Indigenous and AntiEnvironmental Policies in Brazil
{"title":"Bolsonaro's Anti-Indigenous and Anti-Environmental Policies in Brazil","authors":"L. C. Risso, Clerisnaldo Rodrigues de Carvalho, Liz Mason-Deese","doi":"10.1353/lag.2022.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lag.2022.0027","url":null,"abstract":"In the thirty years following the enactment of the 1988 Brazilian Constitution, Indigenous and environmental rights advanced through policies and actions that led to important results, as shown by the decrease in annual deforestation rates. It is worth pointing out that providing socio-environmental protections and development has always been an arduous and, at times, paradoxical task for the Brazilian state, as there are copious economic interests fighting against and overriding the rights in question. However, previous governments never gave up and were successfully able to reduce deforestation and comply with international treaties and programs, in which Brazil played a prominent role. Since 2019, when Bolsonaro’s government—characterized by a reactionary position in relation to those issues, including a pronouncement against environmental conservation and the demarcation of Indigenous lands and in favor of economic sectors interested in exploring the Amazon—came to power, problems related to these matters have intensified. To achieve its objectives, the government elaborated a series of anti-policies connected by omissions, negligence, and the dismantling of environmental and Indigenous institutions. That scenario of devastation favored groups and individuals that felt they had the right to invade Indigenous lands and deforest the Amazon rainforest. Government actions converged to make those protected lands available for land grabs, agribusiness, and mining, similar to what happened during the period of military rule (1964-1985). Bolsonaro was trained by the Bolsonaro’s Anti-Indigenous and AntiEnvironmental Policies in Brazil","PeriodicalId":46531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Geography","volume":"21 1","pages":"183 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41466443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Several years after the publication of Por uma geografia nova (1978), in which Milton Santos carried out a rigorous critique of geography, defended the premises of a nascent critical geography and announced the continuation of an ambitious project of theoretical reflection on human space, the publication of A natureza do espaço (The Nature of Space) in 1996 crowned his extensive research, offering the most comprehensive and systematic elaboration of his theory of geographic space. Now translated into English, this work provides a fundamental framework for the global diffusion of this situated thought with a universal vocation. The important technical, social, political, and economic transformations of the last three decades of the twentieth century, the excessive fragmentation of science, and his dissatisfaction with a geography that was either too empirical or too adjectival, led Milton Santos to deepen his analysis of space as a matrix of social life and to formulate new methodological questions. In some sense, this book is a journey upstream of what could be expected from a theoretical text in geography, as the author starts from the real and not from an epistemological discussion. The important issue, he points out, is not to debate geography, but rather the being of space, its constitution, its ontology. Thus, he dedicates the first part of the book to those topics. Inherited structures, current processes, and tendencies are recognized based on categories extracted from the real that, at the same time, allow for elaborating and analyzing a discipline’s object. In that way, in dialogue with philosophers of technique, such as Simondon (1989) and Ellul (1977), Santos affirms that the being of contemporary space is technical and therefore technique is a constitutive category (Granger, 1993) that allows for empirizing time and space as historical phenomenon.
{"title":"The Nature of Space by Milton Santos (review)","authors":"M.L.R. Silveira, Liz Mason-Deese","doi":"10.1353/lag.2022.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lag.2022.0031","url":null,"abstract":"Several years after the publication of Por uma geografia nova (1978), in which Milton Santos carried out a rigorous critique of geography, defended the premises of a nascent critical geography and announced the continuation of an ambitious project of theoretical reflection on human space, the publication of A natureza do espaço (The Nature of Space) in 1996 crowned his extensive research, offering the most comprehensive and systematic elaboration of his theory of geographic space. Now translated into English, this work provides a fundamental framework for the global diffusion of this situated thought with a universal vocation. The important technical, social, political, and economic transformations of the last three decades of the twentieth century, the excessive fragmentation of science, and his dissatisfaction with a geography that was either too empirical or too adjectival, led Milton Santos to deepen his analysis of space as a matrix of social life and to formulate new methodological questions. In some sense, this book is a journey upstream of what could be expected from a theoretical text in geography, as the author starts from the real and not from an epistemological discussion. The important issue, he points out, is not to debate geography, but rather the being of space, its constitution, its ontology. Thus, he dedicates the first part of the book to those topics. Inherited structures, current processes, and tendencies are recognized based on categories extracted from the real that, at the same time, allow for elaborating and analyzing a discipline’s object. In that way, in dialogue with philosophers of technique, such as Simondon (1989) and Ellul (1977), Santos affirms that the being of contemporary space is technical and therefore technique is a constitutive category (Granger, 1993) that allows for empirizing time and space as historical phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":46531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Geography","volume":"21 1","pages":"201 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46202701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：