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Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing最新文献

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Playing the Admission Game: Young People and Their Parents Negotiating Access or Discharge to Adolescent Inpatient Mental Health Services
IF 1.6 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.70006
Anna Sydor, Rhiannon Lane, Nicola Evans

Background

Only children and young people with the highest need for mental health care or support are admitted to an inpatient setting. There has been a recent shift in emphasis with the aim of inpatient care being short and focussed, care is transferred back to the community on discharge. Little is known about what young people and their parents understand about admission and discharge criteria to these inpatient facilities.

Purpose

This exploratory study aimed to explore the perspectives of young people (aged 18–25) and parents of young people regarding the reasons for their past admissions (or nonadmission) to inpatient child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS), including beliefs concerning the reasons for subsequent discharge.

Methodology

Data were conducted in various ways according to participant preference either in person telephone or written interview. Participants were young people (n = 5) or parents of young people (n = 5). Thematic analysis was used to identify emerging themes collaboratively.

Results

Based on the three themes that were identified: power control and choice, seeking knowledge and taking control, and conflicting notions of recovery and health we found that young people and their patents were engaged in a complex interaction in which they played the admission game; negotiating admission or discharge through behaviors and counterbalancing risks and benefits.

Conclusion

Understanding the complexity of this interaction may help professionals, including nurses to support patients and their families during the admission, care planning or discharge process and to recognize risks to prevent them escalating.

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引用次数: 0
Knowledge, Attitude, and Stigma Among Adolescents: Effect of Mental Health Awareness and Destigmatisation (MHAD) Program
IF 1.6 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.70003
Abhirami S. Manjari, N. T. Sudhesh

Background

Stigma against mental health problems is a common issue for adolescents aged 14–18 years. However, comprehensive programs that simultaneously address awareness and stigma reduction tailored to the specific needs of this age group are lacking.

Method

This study investigated the effectiveness of the Mental Health Awareness and Destigmatisation Program (MHAD) in reducing stigma and improving knowledge and attitudes towards peers with mental health problems. A quasi-experimental pre-post design was employed among adolescents aged 14–18 years from an educational institution in Bangalore. After excluding those with high baseline mental health symptoms (PSC-17 > 20), a preassessment was conducted on adolescents' knowledge, attitude, and stigma (n = 52) using the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule, Self-structured Case Vignettes, and Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale. After completing the 6-week program, three participants were excluded from the post-assessment, as their attendance was less than 50%. A total of 49 (mean age = 16 years) adolescents were included in the post-assessment.

Results

The paired sample t-test revealed significant improvements in all stigma scores. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated a significant improvement in Recognition of Mental Illness scores.

Conclusion

Findings showed that MHAD, an education-based program, was effective in reducing adolescents' stigma towards peers with mental health problems and improving their overall recognition of mental health symptoms. Research across larger adolescent populations is essential to enhance these interventions' long-term impact and sustainability. By closely monitoring and expanding research efforts, we can gain deeper insights into how these programs foster self-awareness, a crucial factor in recognizing mental health needs, challenging stigma, and promoting help-seeking behaviors among adolescents.

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引用次数: 0
Psychoses in Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report and Systematic Review 小儿多发性硬化症患者的精神病:病例报告与系统回顾
IF 1.6 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.70005
Emna Ellouz, Imen Ketata, Wafa abbes, Hend Gargouri, Sondes Bader

Problem

The association of pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) and psychosis remains rare and unclear in the literature. We aim to elucidate the association between POMS and psychosis across case reports.

Methods

We report a case of schizophrenia (SCZ) revealing POMS. We conducted a systematic review of case reports adhered to PRISMA 2020. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Cochrane for case reports describing psychoses in POMS cases.

Findings

We presented a 21-year-old male who developed psychotic symptoms at 16 and was diagnosed with SCZ at 18. Regarding the treatment-resistant SCZ, neurological assessment led to POMS. The patient had a favorable outcome after POMS management. Moreover, our systematic review of nine cases revealed that most psychoses began before or concomitant to the POMS diagnosis, highlighting a delay in identifying POMS. SCZ and BP were the most common types of psychosis observed. We observed a predominance of males with a median age at psychosis onset was 15 years (12.5–16.5 years). Treatment-resistant SCZ was noted in one study along aside with our case. All cases had a good evolution after POMS management.

Conclusion

Our study suggested a critical link between POMS and psychosis emphasizing the need for thorough evaluation, early diagnosis, and prompt management. This association highlights the importance of recognizing psychotic symptoms as potential indicators of POMS, particularly in males.

问题:小儿多发性硬化症(POMS)与精神病的关系在文献中仍然罕见且不明确。我们旨在通过病例报告阐明POMS与精神病之间的关联:我们报告了一例揭示了POMS的精神分裂症(SCZ)病例。我们按照 PRISMA 2020 对病例报告进行了系统性回顾。我们在PubMed、Google Scholar、Web of Science和Cochrane上搜索了描述POMS病例中精神病的病例报告:我们介绍了一名21岁的男性患者,他16岁时出现精神病症状,18岁时被诊断为SCZ。对于治疗耐药的SCZ,神经评估结果显示其患有POMS。该患者在接受POMS治疗后取得了良好的疗效。此外,我们对9个病例进行的系统回顾显示,大多数精神病都是在POMS诊断之前或同时开始的,这凸显了POMS诊断的延迟。SCZ和BP是最常见的精神病类型。我们观察到患者中男性居多,发病年龄中位数为15岁(12.5-16.5岁)。除了我们的病例外,还有一项研究发现了耐药的 SCZ。所有病例在接受POMS治疗后均有良好的发展:我们的研究表明,POMS与精神病之间存在重要联系,强调了全面评估、早期诊断和及时治疗的必要性。这种联系强调了将精神病症状视为POMS潜在指标的重要性,尤其是在男性患者中。
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引用次数: 0
Calm Before the Storm: Support of Pain and Anxiety Reduction Strategies for the Pediatric Patient 暴风雨前的平静支持为儿科患者减轻疼痛和焦虑的策略。
IF 1.6 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.70001
Molly A. Renaud, Brenda Happell
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of Internet and Social Media Addiction Levels in Adolescents Aged 12−18 Years by Nurses: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study 护士对 12-18 岁青少年网络和社交媒体成瘾程度的评估:一项多中心横断面研究。
IF 1.6 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.70004
Aydın Avcı, Ayşe Sevim Ünal

Objective

This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study to determine the social media and Internet addiction levels of adolescents.

Design and Methods

The data were collected between September and December 2023. A sociodemographic data collection form, The Social Media Addiction Scale for Adolescents, and The Internet Addiction Scale for Adolescents were used to collect data. An independent sample t-test was used to compare the mean differences between the two groups. A one-way ANOVA test was used to compare mean differences between multiple groups, and Pearson's correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between quantitative variables and scale scores.

Results

No significant relationship was found between adolescents' gender and age and addiction levels (p > 0.05). On the other hand, addiction levels differed significantly by school type and district (p < 0.05). Students in selective schools and secondary schools had lower addiction levels, and those in open-admission high schools had higher addiction levels (p < 0.05). The highest level of addiction was found in Çankaya district and the lowest in Altındağ district. Daily online time and social media time increased addiction (p < 0.05). Safe Internet use and receiving support from nurses affected addiction levels (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The results show that adolescents aged 12−18 years are at significant risk of social media and Internet addiction. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses support these young people, assess their risks, and identify specific tasks.

目的:这是一项横断面描述性研究:这是一项横断面描述性研究,旨在确定青少年的社交媒体和网络成瘾水平:数据收集时间为 2023 年 9 月至 12 月。收集数据时使用了社会人口学数据收集表、青少年社交媒体成瘾量表和青少年网络成瘾量表。采用独立样本 t 检验来比较两组之间的平均差异。采用单因素方差分析来比较多组间的平均差异,并采用皮尔逊相关分析来检验定量变量与量表得分之间的关系:结果:青少年的性别和年龄与成瘾程度之间没有明显的关系(P>0.05)。另一方面,不同学校类型和地区的成瘾程度有显著差异(P 结论:青少年的成瘾程度与学校类型和地区有关:结果表明,12-18 岁的青少年有很大的社交媒体和网络成瘾风险。因此,建议护士为这些青少年提供支持,评估他们的风险,并确定具体任务。
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引用次数: 0
The Effects of Wildfires on the Mental and Physical Health of School-Age Children in North America: A Scoping Review 野火对北美学龄儿童身心健康的影响:范围审查》。
IF 1.6 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.70002
Sarah Oerther, Sarah Manspeaker, Alison Wix, Daniel Oerther, Carmen Marsit

Background

Wildfires are occurring more often and with greater intensity, leading to longer and harsher fire seasons. As a result, children are more frequently exposed to wildfire smoke, which increases their risk of mental and physical health effects.

Purpose

The purpose of our scoping review is to explore the current literature on what is known about the direct and indirect impacts of wildfires on the mental and physical health of school-age children in North America (5 to 18-year-olds).

Methods

A health sciences librarian-assisted literature search, with input from the research team, was performed.

Results

A total of 16 studies were selected. Common mental health symptoms such as anxiety, depression, suicidal thinking, and post-traumatic stress disorder have been identified. The findings of this review are in line with recent studies showing a connection between adult wildfire exposure and respiratory conditions; however, no cardiovascular health effects in children were identified.

Conclusions

The available studies in our review demonstrate that wildfires do increase the impacts on both mental and physical health postexposure in school-age children. Future research should specifically include larger samples, more qualitative and longitudinal studies that can more effectively analyze the effects of wildfire events on psychological factors over time, conceptual frameworks, and exposure metrics specific for PM2.5 from wildfire smoke.

背景:野火发生的频率越来越高,强度也越来越大,导致火季更长、更严酷。目的:我们进行范围界定审查的目的是探讨目前关于野火对北美学龄儿童(5 至 18 岁)身心健康的直接和间接影响的文献:方法:由健康科学图书馆员协助进行文献检索,研究小组提供意见:结果:共选取了 16 项研究。发现了焦虑、抑郁、自杀念头和创伤后应激障碍等常见的心理健康症状。本综述的研究结果与最近的研究结果一致,这些研究表明成人接触野火与呼吸系统疾病之间存在联系;但是,没有发现野火对儿童心血管健康造成影响:我们综述的现有研究表明,野火确实会增加学龄儿童接触野火后对身心健康的影响。未来的研究应特别包括更大的样本、更多的定性和纵向研究,以便更有效地分析野火事件对心理因素的长期影响、概念框架以及野火烟雾中 PM2.5 的具体暴露指标。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationship Between Social Media Addiction and Perceived Stress in Adolescents 社交媒体成瘾与青少年感知压力之间的关系。
IF 1.6 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.70000
Arzu Sarialioğlu, Tuğba Oluç

Purpose

The study was conducted to determine the relationship between social media addiction and perceived stress in adolescents.

Method

The study was conducted in a descriptive and cross-sectional design between September and December 2022 in secondary education institutions of the Provincial Directorate of National Education in a city center in eastern Turkey. The sample of the study consisted of a total of 716 adolescents who were studying in the ninth grade (145), 10th grade (198), 11th grade (216), and 12th grade (157) who met the inclusion criteria of the study at the time the study was conducted. The sample comprised individuals with diverse sociodemographic characteristics, including ages, genders, school success levels, parents’ education levels, parents’ job status, socioeconomic status, time spent on daily social media, and purposes of social media use of the adolescents. The “Sociodemographic Characteristics Form,” “Social Media Addiction Scale for Adolescents (SMASA),” and “Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)” were used as the data collection tools. Ethical principles were fulfilled in the study.

Results

It was found that the average age of the adolescents who participated in the study was 15.71 ± 1.22, 58.1% were females, 41.1% had good school success, 90.5% had a mobile phone, 90.2% used WhatsApp, 56.8% said that their daily social media use time was between 1 and 3 h, and 64% said that their purpose of using social media was for entertainment and leisure. The mean SMASA score was 18.49 ± 6.98, and the mean PSS score was 42.11 ± 7.54. It was found in the study that the mother's employment status, phone ownership status, use of Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, Snapchat, YouTube, TikTok, and LinkedIn accounts, daily social media use, time and purposes of using social media affected the mean SMASA score. Age, gender, school success, use of Instagram and Snapchat accounts, daily social media use time, and purposes of using social media affected the mean PSS score (p < 0.05). As a result of the study, a positive and low-level significant relationship was detected between social media addiction and perceived stress levels (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

As the levels of social media addiction increase in adolescents, the perceived stress levels also increase. It was also found that some variables affected the social media addiction and perceived stress levels of adolescents.

目的:本研究旨在确定青少年社交媒体成瘾与感知压力之间的关系:研究采用描述性横断面设计,于 2022 年 9 月至 12 月期间在土耳其东部某市中心省国民教育局的中学教育机构进行。研究样本由 716 名青少年组成,他们分别就读于九年级(145 人)、十年级(198 人)、十一年级(216 人)和十二年级(157 人),在研究进行时均符合研究的纳入标准。样本由具有不同社会人口学特征的个体组成,包括青少年的年龄、性别、学业成就水平、父母的教育水平、父母的工作状况、社会经济状况、每天使用社交媒体的时间以及使用社交媒体的目的。数据收集工具包括 "社会人口特征表"、"青少年社交媒体成瘾量表(SMASA)"和 "感知压力量表(PSS)"。研究符合伦理原则:研究发现,参与研究的青少年平均年龄为(15.71±1.22)岁,58.1%为女性,41.1%学业成绩良好,90.5%拥有手机,90.2%使用WhatsApp,56.8%表示每天使用社交媒体的时间在1至3小时之间,64%表示使用社交媒体的目的是为了娱乐和休闲。平均 SMASA 得分为 18.49 ± 6.98,平均 PSS 得分为 42.11 ± 7.54。研究发现,母亲的就业状况、手机拥有状况、Instagram、Facebook、Twitter、WhatsApp、Snapchat、YouTube、TikTok 和 LinkedIn 账户的使用情况、社交媒体的日常使用情况、使用社交媒体的时间和目的都会影响 SMASA 的平均得分。年龄、性别、学业成绩、Instagram 和 Snapchat 账户的使用情况、每天使用社交媒体的时间和使用社交媒体的目的影响 PSS 平均得分(p 结论:随着社交媒体成瘾程度的增加,PSS 平均得分也会增加:随着青少年社交媒体成瘾程度的增加,其感知到的压力也会增加。研究还发现,一些变量会影响青少年的社交媒体成瘾程度和压力感知水平。
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引用次数: 0
Youth mental health crisis: What's next? 青少年心理健康危机:下一步该怎么办?
IF 1.6 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12480
Kathleen R. Delaney PhD, APRN, PMH-NP, FAAN
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引用次数: 0
Mental health conditions of Colombian adolescent population: An approach to risk 哥伦比亚青少年的心理健康状况:风险分析方法
IF 1.6 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12479
Consuelo V. Álvarez, Oscar M. C. Ramírez, Natalia S. Palacio

Objective

To determine the mental health conditions of adolescents in the city of Manizales, Colombia, and explore risk regarding gender-based differences.

Materials and Methods

Quantitative, nonexperimental, descriptive research with associative scope. A total of 316 adolescents were assessed using five scales to evaluate mental health conditions: the Perceived Stress Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Penn Alcohol Craving Scale and The Substance Dependence Severity Scale. Univariate and bivariate analysis was performed, Chi square and Odds Ratio were tested.

Results

The findings indicated that being female is a risk factor for high levels of perceived stress, depressive episodes and anxiety. Additionally, adolescents who are not attending school are at higher risk for dependence and abuse of psychoactive substances. Conversely, being female acts as a protective factor against dependence on psychoactive substances.

Conclusions

The findings suggest a higher tendency among the participants towards experiencing depressive episodes. Regarding perceived stress, 71.5% of the participants fell into the low category, while 70.6% experienced a current episode of generalized anxiety.

目的 了解哥伦比亚马尼萨莱斯市青少年的心理健康状况,并探讨性别差异带来的风险。 材料与方法 定量、非实验、描述性、关联性研究。共对 316 名青少年进行了评估,使用了五种量表来评估心理健康状况:感知压力量表、患者健康问卷-9、广泛性焦虑症量表、宾大酒精渴求量表和药物依赖严重程度量表。研究人员进行了单变量和双变量分析,并对Chi square和Odds Ratio进行了检验。 结果 研究结果表明,女性是导致高压力感知、抑郁发作和焦虑的风险因素。此外,失学青少年依赖和滥用精神活性物质的风险更高。相反,女性则是防止依赖精神活性物质的保护因素。 结论 研究结果表明,参与者更倾向于经历抑郁发作。在感知压力方面,71.5%的受试者属于低压力类别,而 70.6%的受试者目前正处于广泛焦虑状态。
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引用次数: 0
Soothing venipuncture: Bubble blowing and ball squeezing in reducing anxiety, fear, and pain in children 舒缓静脉穿刺:吹泡泡和挤压球能减轻儿童的焦虑、恐惧和疼痛。
IF 1.6 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12478
Abdullah Sarman RN, PhD, Suat Tuncay RN, PhD

Problem

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of bubble-blowing and ball-squeezing interventions on children's levels of anxiety, fear, and pain during venipuncture procedures.

Methods

This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial. Out of 108 children aged 5−10 years, 72 were allocated to the two experimental groups, while 36 were assigned to the control group. The levels of anxiety, fear, and pain experienced by the children were assessed using the “Wong-Baker FACES® Pain Rating Scale,” “Child Anxiety Scale-State,” and “Child Fear Scale,” respectively. Intergroup comparisons were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, while intragroup comparisons were conducted using Wilks' Lambda analysis.

Findings

It was observed that 50% of the children in the control group, 47.2% in the bubble-blowing group, and 47.2% in the ball-queezing group did not receive information about the painful procedure. Anxiety, fear, and pain scores of all groups were statistically similar in the initial measurement without any intervention. Children in the bubble-blowing and ball-squeezing groups experienced lower anxiety, fear, and pain during and at the end of the painful procedures.

Conclusions

The study discovered that interventions involving bubble blowing and ball squeezing significantly decreased children's levels of anxiety, fear, and pain both during and after intravenous procedures. Information on procedures, alongside interactive techniques like bubble blowing and ball squeezing, helps pediatric nurses calm children, easing anxiety, fear, and pain. Implementing these strategies enhances treatment experiences and confidence in healthcare.

问题:本研究的目的是调查吹泡泡和挤球干预措施对儿童在静脉穿刺过程中焦虑、恐惧和疼痛程度的影响:本研究设计为随机对照试验。在 108 名 5-10 岁的儿童中,72 名被分配到两个实验组,36 名被分配到对照组。分别使用 "Wong-Baker FACES® 疼痛评分量表"、"儿童焦虑量表-状态 "和 "儿童恐惧量表 "评估儿童的焦虑、恐惧和疼痛程度。组间比较采用单因素方差分析,组内比较采用 Wilks' Lambda 分析:观察发现,对照组有 50%的儿童、吹泡泡组有 47.2%的儿童、挤压球组有 47.2%的儿童没有收到有关痛苦过程的信息。在没有任何干预措施的情况下,所有组别的焦虑、恐惧和疼痛评分在初始测量时在统计学上相似。吹泡泡组和挤压球组的儿童在疼痛过程中和结束时的焦虑、恐惧和疼痛程度较低:研究发现,吹泡泡和挤压球的干预措施能显著降低儿童在静脉注射过程中和结束后的焦虑、恐惧和疼痛程度。有关手术的信息以及吹泡泡和挤球等互动技巧有助于儿科护士安抚儿童,缓解焦虑、恐惧和疼痛。实施这些策略可以增强治疗体验和对医疗保健的信心。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing
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