Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing最新文献

Problem

Suicide rates among adolescents continue to rise globally. Frequent changes in residency can be traumatic for adolescents, increasing their risk of suicidal behaviors. However, the impact of residential mobility on mental health remains understudied. While numerous studies have linked childhood residential mobility to suicidal tendencies, limited research explores the relationship between residence changes and suicide attempts among adolescents. This study examines the relationship between residential mobility and suicide attempts among adolescents.

Methods

This cross-sectional retrospective study uses data from California emergency department visits for deliberate self-harm. Adolescents aged 10–19 were included, with exposure defined as suicide attempts in 2010 and the outcome as no history of zip code changes or at least one change (2006–2009). Logistic regression models adjusted for demographic characteristics (gender, age, race, and insurance status) were used to assess the association between residential mobility and suicide attempts. Stratified analyses explored variations across demographic subgroups.

Findings

Among 496,268 participants, adolescents who attempted suicide were more likely to have one or more residence changes (AOR  = 1.71, 95% CI  = 1.58–1.85). This association showed higher odds among females (AOR  = 1.51), older adolescents (15–19 years, AOR  = 1.42), nonwhite racial groups (e.g., Black = 1.55; Hispanic = 1.71; Other = 1.70), and those with Medicaid (AOR  = 1.87), Self-pay (AOR  = 1.47), or Other insurance (AOR  = 2.20) compared to their respective reference groups.

Conclusions

Adolescents with at least one history of relocation are at risk of suicide attempts. Targeted interventions should focus on individuals who have made frequent moves during their adolescent years. Clinicians should consider relocation histories in suicide risk evaluations.

Background

Mental health disorders in children and adolescents are common and often persist into adulthood. Understanding the influence of sociodemographic, parental, and temporal factors is essential for early detection and targeted prevention. This study aimed to identify such factors among patients of a child and adolescent psychotherapeutic clinic.

Methodology

Data from a child and adolescent psychotherapeutic clinic from 2011 to 2023, from 2023 cases, were analyzed retrospectively. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to investigate the independent associations of sociodemographic factors, parental variables, and temporal factors on specific diagnostic categories.

Results

Female patients showed elevated odds of mood and neurotic disorders but reduced odds of disorders of psychological development and childhood-onset behavioral and emotional disorders. Increasing age was associated with increases in odds of substance use disorders, schizophrenia, affective, and neurotic disorders, but decreases in disorders of psychological development and childhood-onset behavioral and emotional disorders. Maternal employment and paternal education appeared protective. Living apart from biological parents was associated with higher odds of neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders. The pandemic was linked to rising affective and physiological diagnoses, and neurotic disorders as well as behavioral and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence declined.

Conclusions

Several sociodemographic, parental, and temporal factors are associated with mental health disorders in children and adolescents. These insights are vital for tailoring prevention, diagnosis, and intervention strategies and can inform psychiatric nurses and mental health professionals across clinical and policy settings.

Aim

The present study aimed to evaluate the predictors of peer bullying and peer victimization among high school students.

Method

The cross-sectional study sample comprised 601 students attending an Anatolian High School in the Central Anatolia Region of Türkiye. Data collection involved a student information form and Peer Bullying Scale Adolescent Form. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation test and Multiple Linear Regression analysis.

Results

The predictors of peer victimization were found to be believing that the school administration has an appropriate attitude to peer bullying at school, age, father's education level and family economic status, respectively. The predictors of peer bullying were, respectively, the status of receiving disciplinary punishment, father's education level, mother's employment status, believing that the school administration has an appropriate attitude to peer bullying at school, and the school administration's attitude towards peer bullying at school.

Conclusion

High school students should be trained on how to recognize peer bullying and how to protect themselves from bullying behavior and that the school environment should be structured accordingly.

Clinical trial registration: None.

Problem

Adolescence is a challenging period of development characterised by social, physical, and cognitive changes. During this period, adolescents are particularly vulnerable to experiencing loneliness, burnout, and depressive symptoms. This study was conducted to determine the mediating role of school burnout in the relationship between adolescents' perception of loneliness and quality of life.

Methods

This descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 301 adolescent students from a public high school in the capital of Türkiye. The data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the UCLA Loneliness Scale Short Form, the Quality of Life Scale for Children, and the School Burnout Scale. Descriptive statistics, Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance, Mann–Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation analysis were conducted to evaluate the data. The mediating role of school burnout was examined through mediating variable analysis using Model 4 with the SPSS PROCESS macro.

Findings

As a result of the research, loneliness, school burnout, and quality of life of adolescents are at medium levels. Loneliness negatively impacts adolescents' quality of life, with school burnout serving as a mediating factor. Addressing school burnout may improve outcomes.

Conclusion

In line with the study's results, not only nurses but also teachers, counselling units and families should participate in planning traning and practices that will positively affect adolescents' loneliness, quality of life and school burnout. Social support mechanisms in schools should be strengthened.

Purpose

This study aims to explore the mediating role of hopelessness in the relationship between social media addiction and loneliness among adolescents.

Methods

This study was conducted using a descriptive cross-sectional correlational design. The study population comprised high school students in a provincial center in eastern Turkey. Through cluster sampling, 946 adolescents were included. This study was conducted between May 2024 and Sep 2024. Data collection involved a personal information form, the Social Media Addiction Scale for Adolescents (SMAAS), the UCLA Loneliness Scale Short Form (ULS-8), and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25, G*Power 3.1, and AMOS 24 software.

Results

The mean scores were as follows: SMAAS (20.44 ± 6.96), ULS-8 (16.14 ± 3.97), and BHS (7.25 ± 5.16). Significant positive correlations were found between the scales. The model describing the relationships among social media addiction, loneliness, and hopelessness was within acceptable limits and yielded significant results (Χ²/df=2.978, RMSEA = 0.052, CFI = 0.962, GFI = 0.971, IFI = 0.912). Social media addiction significantly affected loneliness, and time spent on social media also had a significant impact on loneliness (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Adolescents were found to use social media extensively, mainly for communication with friends and family. Hopelessness and time spent on social media were identified as mediators in the relationship between social media addiction and loneliness. Findings suggest that reducing social media use may help mitigate loneliness and hopelessness. Mental health assessments should consider social media behavior, and educational programs should address its psychological impacts. Child and adolescent psychiatric nurses should be trained to recognize signs of loneliness and hopelessness in adolescents at an early stage.

Problem

Strengthening the resilience of young people recovering from substance abuse is essential for effectively preventing relapse.

Methods

This study investigated the impact of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention on youths undergoing substance use rehabilitation in the Eastern region of Thailand. Participants in the intervention group received the ACT-based intervention alongside their regular rehabilitation program (n = 50), while the control group received standard treatment (n = 50). Data were collected at three time points: before, immediately after, and 1 month after intervention, using a personal information questionnaire and a resilience scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and two-way repeated measures ANOVA.

Findings

The study found that participants in the intervention group had significantly higher mean resilience scores immediately after the intervention and at the 1-month follow-up compared to the control group (F_{(1, 98)} = 7991.00, p < 0.001). Analysis of the repeated measures ANOVA revealed a statistically significant difference in resilience mean scores between pre-intervention and the 1-month follow-up in the intervention group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

This finding shows that ACT group therapy effectively enhances resilience in youth recovering from substance use. Psychiatric nurses play a crucial role in the recovery process. They can use this therapy to design tailored intervention programs sensitive to youth's cultural and community contexts that fosters adaptive thinking and behaviors, building resilience in this vulnerable population.

Background

Adolescents undergo overwhelming physiological, psychological, social, and cognitive changes. The stress can be worse when they must meet cultural expectations. However, there is a paucity of literature regarding the cultural impact on adolescent mental health.

Purpose

The phenomenological study aimed to describe Omani female adolescents' lived experiences with mental health issues within their cultural context and future well-being.

Methods

The study employed semi-structured individual interview questions using a secured videoconferencing Zoom meeting. The participants were recruited using purposive sampling. The participants included single female Omani adolescents (aged: 18–24 years). A horizontalization analysis followed the transcription, translation, and backward translation process.

Findings

Twelve participants were included which was the point of data saturation. The study's findings revealed the following major themes: 1. The profound influence of Omani culture on female adolescent mental health; 2. The crucial impact of parenting on decision-making; 3. The sensitive issue of cultural taboo and 4. The alarming reality of mental health stigmatization. These findings underscore the urgent need for culturally relevant and age-appropriate interventions, emphasizing the potential impact of this study on the field.

Conclusions

It is urgent that nurse leaders across levels (practice, education, research, and policy) actively collaborate with other stakeholders. Together, nurse leaders can initiate discussions and negotiations to reflect the health needs of Omani female adolescents through the development of protocols, interventions, guidelines, and policies that are culturally relevant and age-appropriate.

Background

Parents and carers often provide support for their child following a suicide attempt. Yet many parents struggle to obtain support for themselves during this stressful period which can result in feelings of powerlessness and being unheard.

Purpose

The aim of the current study was to explore the experiences of parents and carers whose child was receiving intensive outreach support following a suicide attempt.

Methodology

The study used semi-structured interviews with parents and carers. Interviews were conducted via telephone ranging from 14 to 56 min (M = 29 min). An inductive thematic analysis was undertaken to explore the data. Seven parents and carers participated in one-on-one interviews.

Results

It was found that the outreach support provided was vastly different from prior experiences and this was a pleasant surprise. In addition, parents described the high level of emotional support for both the child and themselves. A highlight of the support was the family peer worker whom they could relate to. Parents acknowledged that contact with the team provided insights on how to change their parenting or relationship practices.

Conclusion

Direct and dedicated parent support is a key aspect that services should consider when implementing a child and youth service to address suicidality, since this enables the family to readjust following a traumatic event.