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PEF volume 20 issue 4 Cover and Front matter PEF第20卷第4期封面和封面问题
IF 1.2 4区 经济学 Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE
Journal of Pension Economics & Finance
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1474747221000068
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引用次数: 0
PEF volume 20 issue 4 Cover and Back matter PEF第20卷第4期封面和封底
IF 1.2 4区 经济学 Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE
Journal of Pension Economics & Finance
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1017/s147474722100007x
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引用次数: 0
Unbanked status and use of alternative financial services among minority populations. 少数民族人口的无银行地位和替代金融服务的使用
IF 1.2 4区 经济学 Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE
Journal of Pension Economics & Finance
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 Epub Date: 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.1017/s1474747219000052
Silvia Helena Barcellos, Gema Zamarro

A large number of Americans do not have bank accounts (the 'unbanked') or rely on costly alternative financial services (AFS) such as payday loans (the 'underbanked'), with implications for wealth accumulation and retirement preparedness. Using primary data, we document large racial/ethnic differences in unbanked and in frequent AFS usage rates. We study the role of socio-economic status (SES), financial literacy, trust in financial institutions, networks, and time preferences in explaining these gaps. While these variables explain a large fraction of the white-minority gaps in unbanked status the same is not true for gaps in AFS use. A Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition confirms these patterns: gaps in unbanked status are mostly explained by differences in endowments across groups, for AFS gaps differences in returns to endowments have the largest explanatory power. Our findings suggest that, while related, unbanked and underbanked are distinct concepts with different underlying causes that may require different policy responses.

摘要大量美国人没有银行账户（“无银行账户”）或依赖昂贵的替代金融服务（AFS），如发薪日贷款（“银行账户不足”），这对财富积累和退休准备有影响。使用原始数据，我们记录了无银行账户和频繁AFS使用率的巨大种族/民族差异。我们研究了社会经济地位（SES）、金融知识、对金融机构的信任、网络和时间偏好在解释这些差距中的作用。虽然这些变量解释了大部分白人少数群体在无银行账户状态下的差距，但AFS使用中的差距却并非如此。Blinder Oaxaca分解证实了这些模式：无银行账户状态的差距主要由不同群体的捐赠差异来解释，因为AFS差距捐赠回报率的差异具有最大的解释力。我们的研究结果表明，虽然有关联，但无银行账户和银行账户不足是不同的概念，有不同的根本原因，可能需要不同的政策回应。
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引用次数: 0
Towards Improved Retirement Savings Outcomes for Women By OECD, Paris, OECD. 2021 为改善妇女的退休储蓄结果，经合组织，巴黎，经合组织。2021
IF 1.2 4区 经济学 Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE
Journal of Pension Economics & Finance
Pub Date : 2021-09-28 DOI: 10.1017/s1474747221000354
E. Fornero
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引用次数: 0
The transition to NDC in Italy: assessing distributive and financial effects 意大利向NDC的过渡：评估分配和财务影响
IF 1.2 4区 经济学 Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE
Journal of Pension Economics & Finance
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.1017/s1474747221000329
Carlo Mazzaferro
Moving from a Defined Benefit (DB) to a Notional Defined Contribution (NDC) pension formula creates significant re-distributive effects. We estimate the amount and the intensity of these effects in the case of the Italian transition to NDC, which began in 1995. Based on administrative data of the main Italian pension scheme (FPLD), we study the evolution of yearly inequality within old-age pension benefits. Furthermore, we study the adequacy and the actuarial fairness of the pension system, by estimating the replacement rates and the Net Present Value Ratio distribution for workers who retired in the period 1996–2019. Our results show that the very generous interpretation of acquired rights determined by the 1995 reform has contributed to maintaining a high level of adequacy and a significant level of intergenerational imbalance. The financial costs of this imbalance are estimated and its extent is significant.
从固定福利（DB）转移到名义固定缴款（NDC）养老金公式会产生显著的再分配效应。我们估计了意大利从1995年开始向NDC过渡的情况下这些影响的数量和强度。基于意大利主要养老金计划（FPLD）的行政数据，我们研究了养老金福利中年度不平等的演变。此外，我们通过估计1996-2019年期间退休工人的重置率和净现值比率分布，研究了养老金制度的充分性和精算公平性。我们的研究结果表明，1995年改革所确定的对后天权利的非常慷慨的解释有助于保持高度的充分性和显著的代际失衡。对这种不平衡的财务成本进行了估计，其程度是显著的。
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引用次数: 2
Trust, financial literacy, and financial market participation 信任、金融知识和金融市场参与
IF 1.2 4区 经济学 Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE
Journal of Pension Economics & Finance
Pub Date : 2021-09-10 DOI: 10.1017/S1474747221000226
Jill E. Fisch, J. Seligman
Abstract Willingness to participate in financial markets is important for financial well-being, including the accumulation of retirement savings through self-directed pension programs. We consider the roles of two key factors, trust and financial literacy in financial market participation. We find both are strongly related to participation. Although trust is more uniformly correlated with increases in financial market participation, the relationship between financial literacy and engagement is u-shaped, with increases in financial literacy first associated with reductions and subsequently with increases in the levels of participation. Our findings suggest trust and financial literacy play different roles and that each is related to investment behaviors in important ways.
摘要参与金融市场的意愿对财务状况很重要，包括通过自主养老金计划积累退休储蓄。我们考虑了两个关键因素，信任和金融知识在金融市场参与中的作用。我们发现两者都与参与密切相关。尽管信任与金融市场参与度的提高有着更一致的相关性，但金融素养和参与度之间的关系是u型的，金融素养的提高首先与参与度的降低有关，其次与参与度水平的提高有关。我们的研究结果表明，信任和金融素养发挥着不同的作用，每一种都在重要方面与投资行为有关。
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引用次数: 6
Intertemporal and intratemporal consumption smoothing at retirement: micro evidence from detailed spending and time use data 退休时的时间间和时间内消费平滑：来自详细支出和时间使用数据的微观证据
IF 1.2 4区 经济学 Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE
Journal of Pension Economics & Finance
Pub Date : 2021-09-06 DOI: 10.1017/s1474747221000330
J. Been, K. Goudswaard
Using detailed spending and time use data from the Netherlands, this paper analyzes the causal effect of retirement on spending and time use decisions. Both total consumption and disaggregated consumption categories are considered. We do not find empirical evidence for drops in households' total non-durable spending at retirement. Our estimates suggest increases in spending at retirement on goods that are complementary to leisure, but no decreases in spending on goods that are replaceable by home production. The quantitative implication of our empirical results for the Life-Cycle Model is an intertemporal elasticity of substitution for leisure below unity.
本文利用荷兰的详细支出和时间使用数据，分析了退休对支出和时间利用决策的因果影响。同时考虑了总消费和分类消费类别。我们没有发现家庭退休时非耐用支出总额下降的实证证据。我们的估计表明，退休时在与休闲互补的商品上的支出有所增加，但在可由家庭生产替代的商品上没有减少。我们对生命周期模型的实证结果的定量含义是，休闲替代的跨期弹性低于统一性。
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引用次数: 3
Glide paths for a retirement plan with deferred annuities 带递延年金的退休计划的下滑路径
IF 1.2 4区 经济学 Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE
Journal of Pension Economics & Finance
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1017/S1474747221000251
Chul Jang, A. Clare, Iqbal Owadally
Abstract We construct investment glide paths for a retirement plan using both traditional asset classes and deferred annuities (DAs). The glide paths are approximated by averaging the asset proportions of stochastic optimal investment solutions. The objective function consists of power utility in terms of secured retirement income from purchased DAs, as well as a bequest that can be withdrawn before retirement. Compared with conventional glide paths and investment strategies, our DA-enhanced glide paths provide the investor with higher welfare gains, more efficient investment portfolios and more responsive retirement income patterns and bequest levels to different fee structures and personal preferences.
摘要我们使用传统资产类别和递延年金（DA）为退休计划构建投资下滑路径。下滑路径是通过对随机最优投资解决方案的资产比例进行平均来近似的。目标函数包括从购买的DA获得的有保障的退休收入方面的电力效用，以及可以在退休前提取的遗赠。与传统的下滑路径和投资策略相比，我们的DA增强型下滑路径为投资者提供了更高的福利收益、更高效的投资组合以及更能响应不同费用结构和个人偏好的退休收入模式和遗赠水平。
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引用次数: 0
Wealth After WorkEdited By William G. Gale, J. Mark Iwry, and David C. John 《工作后的财富》威廉·G·盖尔、J·马克·伊弗里和大卫·C·约翰编辑
IF 1.2 4区 经济学 Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE
Journal of Pension Economics & Finance
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.1017/S1474747221000305
J. Sabelhaus
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引用次数: 0
How does an allowance for a non-working younger partner affect the retirement behaviour of couples? 不工作的年轻配偶的津贴如何影响夫妇的退休行为?
IF 1.2 4区 经济学 Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE
Journal of Pension Economics & Finance
Pub Date : 2021-07-02 DOI: 10.1017/s1474747221000299
Amparo Nagore García, Arthur van Soest

We examine the effect of the partner allowance (PA) in the Dutch pension system on the retirement decisions of couples using administrative data. PA was paid to people who receive the public old-age pension with a partner younger than the state pension age (SPA) and with a low own income. PA worked as a financial incentive to retire earlier, especially for the younger partners. As of 1 April 2015, new old-age pensioners are no longer entitled to this allowance. We estimate the effect of this reform on the retirement behaviour of each spouse. To account for the fact that at the same time, another reform essentially put an end to generous early retirement arrangements, we compare singles and couples. We conclude that PA substantially increased female younger partners' probabilities to exit from part-time employment into retirement close to the older partner's SPA. On the other hand, there is no evidence that male younger partners (either full-time or part-time workers) responded to the PA reform. In addition, PA increased male older partners’ probabilities to retire in the years before reaching their SPA.

我们检查的影响伴侣津贴(PA)在荷兰养老金制度对夫妇的退休决定使用行政数据。PA是指，与低于法定领取养老金年龄(SPA)的配偶一起领取公共养老金，且自身收入较低的人。私人助理是提前退休的经济激励，尤其是对年轻的合伙人来说。自2015年4月1日起，新的老年养恤金领取者不再享有这一津贴。我们估计了这项改革对每个配偶退休行为的影响。与此同时，另一项改革基本上结束了慷慨的提前退休安排，为了说明这一事实，我们比较了单身人士和夫妇。我们的结论是，PA大大增加了女性年轻伴侣从兼职工作中退出退休的可能性，接近老年伴侣的SPA。另一方面，没有证据表明年轻的男性伴侣(无论是全职还是兼职)对PA改革做出了回应。此外，PA增加了男性老年伴侣在达到SPA前几年退休的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
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