Pub Date : 2024-02-06DOI: 10.1080/15475441.2023.2292877
Published in Language Learning and Development (Vol. 20, No. 1, 2024)
发表于《语言学习与发展》(第 20 卷第 1 期,2024 年)
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Pub Date : 2024-02-06DOI: 10.1080/15475441.2024.2304432
Published in Language Learning and Development (Vol. 20, No. 1, 2024)
发表于《语言学习与发展》(第 20 卷第 1 期,2024 年)
{"title":"Announcment of the Peter Jusczyk Best Paper Award","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/15475441.2024.2304432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15475441.2024.2304432","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Language Learning and Development (Vol. 20, No. 1, 2024)","PeriodicalId":46642,"journal":{"name":"Language Learning and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139765227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-06DOI: 10.1080/15475441.2024.2304930
Published in Language Learning and Development (Vol. 20, No. 1, 2024)
发表于《语言学习与发展》(第 20 卷第 1 期,2024 年)
{"title":"Introduction to Commentaries on Shin and Miller (2022)","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/15475441.2024.2304930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15475441.2024.2304930","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Language Learning and Development (Vol. 20, No. 1, 2024)","PeriodicalId":46642,"journal":{"name":"Language Learning and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139765137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-06DOI: 10.1080/15475441.2023.2239791
Benjamin Luke Davies, Katherine Demuth
When acquiring the English plural, children correctly produce plural words long before they develop an understanding of morphological structure. When acquiring Sesotho noun prefixes, children are a...
{"title":"Understanding How and When Morphosyntax is Acquired: Insights from English Allomorphic Variation and Sesotho ‘Optional’ Noun Class Prefixes","authors":"Benjamin Luke Davies, Katherine Demuth","doi":"10.1080/15475441.2023.2239791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15475441.2023.2239791","url":null,"abstract":"When acquiring the English plural, children correctly produce plural words long before they develop an understanding of morphological structure. When acquiring Sesotho noun prefixes, children are a...","PeriodicalId":46642,"journal":{"name":"Language Learning and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139903483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2023-04-25DOI: 10.1080/15475441.2023.2196528
Ethan Weed, Riccardo Fusaroli, Elizabeth Simmons, Inge-Marie Eigsti
The current study investigated whether the difficulty in finding group differences in prosody between speakers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and neurotypical (NT) speakers might be explained by identifying different acoustic profiles of speakers which, while still perceived as atypical, might be characterized by different acoustic qualities. We modelled the speech from a selection of speakers (N = 26), with and without ASD, as a network of nodes defined by acoustic features. We used a community-detection algorithm to identify clusters of speakers who were acoustically similar and compared these clusters with atypicality ratings by naïve and expert human raters. Results identified three clusters: one primarily composed of speakers with ASD, one of mostly NT speakers, and one comprised of an even mixture of ASD and NT speakers. The human raters were highly reliable at distinguishing speakers with and without ASD, regardless of which cluster the speaker was in. These results suggest that community-detection methods using a network approach may complement commonly-employed human ratings to improve our understanding of the intonation profiles in ASD.
自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)患者和神经典型(NT)患者之间的拟声难以发现群体差异,本研究探讨了这一问题是否可以通过识别不同声学特征来解释,这些声学特征虽然仍被视为非典型,但可能具有不同的声学品质。我们选择了一些患有和不患有 ASD 的说话者(N = 26),将他们的语音建模为一个由声学特征定义的节点网络。我们使用群体检测算法识别出声学上相似的说话者群集,并将这些群集与天真和专业人类评分者的非典型性评分进行比较。结果发现了三个聚类:一个主要由 ASD 说话者组成,一个主要由 NT 说话者组成,还有一个由 ASD 和 NT 说话者平均混合组成。无论说话者属于哪个群组,人类评测员在区分有 ASD 和无 ASD 的说话者方面都非常可靠。这些结果表明,使用网络方法的群组检测方法可以补充常用的人类评分方法,从而提高我们对 ASD 患者语调特征的理解。
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To learn new words, particularly verbs, child learners have been shown to benefit from the linguistic contexts in which the words appear. However, cross-linguistic differences affect how this process unfolds. One previous study found that children's abilities to learn a new verb differed across Korean and English as a function of the sentence in which the verb occurred (Arunachalam et al., 2013). The authors hypothesized that the properties of word order and argument drop, which vary systematically in these two languages, were driving the differences. In the current study, we pursued this finding to ask if the difference persists later in development, or if children acquiring different languages come to appear more similar as their linguistic knowledge and learning capacities increase. Preschool-aged monolingual English learners (N = 80) and monolingual Korean learners (N = 64) were presented with novel verbs in contexts that varied in word order and argument drop and accompanying visual stimuli. We assessed their learning by measuring accuracy in a forced-choice pointing task, and we measured eye gaze during the learning phase as an indicator of the processes by which they mapped the novel verbs to meaning. Unlike previous studies which identified differences between English and Korean learning 2-year-olds in a similar task, our results revealed similarities between the two language groups with these older preschoolers. We interpret our results as evidence that over the course of early childhood, children become adept at learning from a larger variety of contexts, such that differences between learners of different languages are attenuated.
事实证明,儿童学习者在学习新单词,尤其是动词时,可以从单词出现的语言环境中获益。然而,跨语言差异会影响这一过程的展开。之前的一项研究发现,儿童在韩语和英语中学习新动词的能力因动词出现的句子而异(Arunachalam et al.)作者假设,在这两种语言中存在系统性差异的词序和分词落点的属性是造成差异的原因。在本研究中,我们将继续研究这一发现,以探究这种差异是否会在以后的发展过程中持续存在,或者是否会随着语言知识和学习能力的提高,学习不同语言的儿童会显得更加相似。我们向学龄前的单语英语学习者(80 人)和单语韩语学习者(64 人)提供了新颖的动词,这些动词的语序和论点落点各不相同,并伴有视觉刺激。我们通过测量强迫选择指向任务的准确性来评估他们的学习情况,并测量了学习阶段的目光注视情况,以此作为他们将新动词映射到意义的过程的指标。以往的研究发现,学习英语和韩语的两岁儿童在类似任务中存在差异,与此不同,我们的研究结果显示,在这些年龄较大的学龄前儿童中,两个语言组之间存在相似之处。我们认为,我们的研究结果证明,在幼儿期,儿童善于从更多的语境中学习,因此不同语言学习者之间的差异会减弱。
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Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-02-06DOI: 10.1080/15475441.2023.2239802
Janna B Oetting
Shin and Mill (2021) propose four steps children go through when learning variable form use. Although I applaud Shin and Miller's focus on morphosyntactic variation, their accrual of evidence is post hoc and selective. Fortunately, Shin and Miller recognize this and encourage tests of their ideas. In support of their work, I share data from children with and without DLD within AAE and SWE to promote these child profiles and dialectal varieties in future studies.
Shin 和 Mill(2021 年)提出了儿童学习变体形式使用的四个步骤。尽管我赞赏 Shin 和 Miller 对形态句法变异的关注,但他们对证据的累积是事后的和选择性的。幸运的是,Shin 和 Miller 认识到了这一点,并鼓励对他们的观点进行检验。为了支持他们的工作,我分享了 AAE 和 SWE 中患有和不患有 DLD 的儿童的数据,以便在未来的研究中推广这些儿童概况和方言变体。
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Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.1080/15475441.2023.2285776
Ying Li
While phonetic training in laboratory settings has been shown to be helpful for second language (L2) sounds learning in prior studies , it is still open to debate whether a perception- or a product...
{"title":"A Comparison of Perception-Based and Production-Based Training Approaches to Adults’ Learning of L2 Sounds","authors":"Ying Li","doi":"10.1080/15475441.2023.2285776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15475441.2023.2285776","url":null,"abstract":"While phonetic training in laboratory settings has been shown to be helpful for second language (L2) sounds learning in prior studies , it is still open to debate whether a perception- or a product...","PeriodicalId":46642,"journal":{"name":"Language Learning and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138506492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-17DOI: 10.1080/15475441.2023.2277468
Laura Franchin, Anna Teresa Porrini, Luca Surian
Young children’s (n = 108) and adults’ (n = 40) ability to compute ad-hoc quantity conversational implicatures was assessed using a new implicit task that relied on eye-tracking. The children were ...
{"title":"Ad-Hoc Conversational Implicatures in Two-Year-Olds","authors":"Laura Franchin, Anna Teresa Porrini, Luca Surian","doi":"10.1080/15475441.2023.2277468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15475441.2023.2277468","url":null,"abstract":"Young children’s (n = 108) and adults’ (n = 40) ability to compute ad-hoc quantity conversational implicatures was assessed using a new implicit task that relied on eye-tracking. The children were ...","PeriodicalId":46642,"journal":{"name":"Language Learning and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138506491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.1080/15475441.2023.2256713
Viridiana L. Benitez, Ye Li
ABSTRACTCross-situational word learning, the ability to decipher word-referent links over multiple ambiguous learning events, has been documented across development and proposed to be key to vocabulary acquisition. However, this work has largely focused on learning from one-to-one structure, where each referent is consistently linked with a single label. In contrast, learners can encounter lexical overlap, such as when learning synonyms, which requires learning from structure that presents multiple labels linked with the same thing (many-to-one structure). Are children capable of cross-situational word learning from encounters presenting consistent lexical overlap? How does this ability change with age? Here, we provide a first test of cross-situational word learning from input presenting lexical overlap across age by testing 4- to 7-year-old children (N = 190) and adults (N = 80) on their ability to learn from one-to-one or two-to-one structure. Results showed that adults (Experiment 1) were successful at learning from both types of structure, with an advantage for one-to-one structure. Children (Experiment 2) performed less well than adults overall, and failed to learn from two-to-one structure. With extended training (Experiment 3), older children were successful at learning from two-to-one structure while younger children were not. These results provide the first evidence that cross-situational word learning from one-to-one and two-to-one structure improves over age. AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Cassandra Leedom, Gillian Bryant, Emily Fatula, Claire Mulholand, Kaitlin Mulvaney, and Susan Webber for their assistance in recruiting and testing our child participants, and Elaina Corbin for assistance in recruiting and testing our adult participants. A portion of the data was presented as part of a senior honors thesis by Elaina Corbin to the Department of Psychology at Arizona State University. We would like to especially thank the staff at the Children’s Museum of Phoenix for their support during data collection, and all college students, children, and parents who participated in our study.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Notes1 The adult sample was pre-registered and collected after our child sample. However, we present the adult data first as this facilitates the interpretation of the child data.2 Our final sample size for each condition exceeded that of our target sample size in our pre-registration (N = 30 for each condition). After completing data collection for our pre-registered sample and analyzing the results, we began a replication study based on the effect size of learning in the Two-to-one condition in our pre-registered sample. This effort was interrupted in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Given our inability to continue our replication sample, we opted to combine our two samples in this report. Results with the combined sample were qualitatively similar to the small
{"title":"Cross-Situational Word Learning in Children and Adults: The Case of Lexical Overlap","authors":"Viridiana L. Benitez, Ye Li","doi":"10.1080/15475441.2023.2256713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15475441.2023.2256713","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTCross-situational word learning, the ability to decipher word-referent links over multiple ambiguous learning events, has been documented across development and proposed to be key to vocabulary acquisition. However, this work has largely focused on learning from one-to-one structure, where each referent is consistently linked with a single label. In contrast, learners can encounter lexical overlap, such as when learning synonyms, which requires learning from structure that presents multiple labels linked with the same thing (many-to-one structure). Are children capable of cross-situational word learning from encounters presenting consistent lexical overlap? How does this ability change with age? Here, we provide a first test of cross-situational word learning from input presenting lexical overlap across age by testing 4- to 7-year-old children (N = 190) and adults (N = 80) on their ability to learn from one-to-one or two-to-one structure. Results showed that adults (Experiment 1) were successful at learning from both types of structure, with an advantage for one-to-one structure. Children (Experiment 2) performed less well than adults overall, and failed to learn from two-to-one structure. With extended training (Experiment 3), older children were successful at learning from two-to-one structure while younger children were not. These results provide the first evidence that cross-situational word learning from one-to-one and two-to-one structure improves over age. AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Cassandra Leedom, Gillian Bryant, Emily Fatula, Claire Mulholand, Kaitlin Mulvaney, and Susan Webber for their assistance in recruiting and testing our child participants, and Elaina Corbin for assistance in recruiting and testing our adult participants. A portion of the data was presented as part of a senior honors thesis by Elaina Corbin to the Department of Psychology at Arizona State University. We would like to especially thank the staff at the Children’s Museum of Phoenix for their support during data collection, and all college students, children, and parents who participated in our study.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Notes1 The adult sample was pre-registered and collected after our child sample. However, we present the adult data first as this facilitates the interpretation of the child data.2 Our final sample size for each condition exceeded that of our target sample size in our pre-registration (N = 30 for each condition). After completing data collection for our pre-registered sample and analyzing the results, we began a replication study based on the effect size of learning in the Two-to-one condition in our pre-registered sample. This effort was interrupted in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Given our inability to continue our replication sample, we opted to combine our two samples in this report. Results with the combined sample were qualitatively similar to the small","PeriodicalId":46642,"journal":{"name":"Language Learning and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135719059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}