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“A strong diewei” – A critical investigation of gendered neological metaphors on Weibo "一个坚强的 diewei"--对微博上性别化新文化隐喻的批判性研究
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100805

Contributing to the growing literature on discursive strategies against male-dominated gender discourse in the Chinese digital space (e.g., Chen and Gong, 2023), this study investigates a popular neological metaphor – diewei (“爹味” − literally, a smell of father, figuratively, a sense of fatherhood) coined by Chinese microblogging users on Weibo. Similar to mansplaining in English, diewei was originally adopted to describe men’s patronizing, condescending, and overconfident speech style (Bridges, 2017). Drawing on the cultural reference to Chinese fatherhood, diewei represents irony against the authoritative role of the father privileged by patrilineal Chinese family ethics, employed to evaluate others’ overbearing speech styles, attitudes, and behaviors. From a dataset of 198 Weibo posts, we identified three strategic adoptions of diewei based on linguistic and communicative functions. These include (1) markers of masculine essence, (2) metapragmatic commentaries, and (3) personal labels. We then adopt critical discourse analysis (CDA) to explore how gender relationships are discursively produced, represented, and resisted in the diewei discourse through the above adoptions. Our findings suggest that diewei instantiates the pragmatic expansion of gendered metaphors at the expense of dominant masculinity, constituting feminist irony against the authoritative fatherhood in China’s digital space.

随着有关反对中国数字空间中男性主导的性别话语的话语策略的文献日益增多(例如,Chen and Gong, 2023),本研究调查了中国微博用户在微博上创造的一个流行的新隐喻--"爹味"(字面意思是父亲的味道,比喻父亲的感觉)。与英语中的mansplaining类似,"爹味"(diewei)最初被用来形容男性爱理不理、居高临下、过于自信的说话风格(Bridges,2017)。借鉴中国父权文化,diewei 代表了对中国父系家庭伦理中父亲权威角色的讽刺,用于评价他人的霸道言语风格、态度和行为。从 198 条微博的数据集中,我们发现了基于语言和交际功能的三种 "diewei "策略。这些策略包括:(1)男性本质的标记;(2)元语用评论;(3)个人标签。然后,我们采用批判性话语分析(CDA)的方法,探讨在 diewei 话语中,性别关系是如何通过上述采用方式进行话语生产、表述和抵制的。我们的研究结果表明,"diewei "是以牺牲占主导地位的男性气质为代价,对性别隐喻进行实用主义扩张的实例,构成了对中国数字空间中权威父权的女性主义反讽。
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引用次数: 0
People incorrectly correcting other people: The pragmatics of (re-)corrections and their negotiation in a Facebook group 人们错误地纠正他人:重新)更正的语用学及其在 Facebook 群组中的协商
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100804

In highly standardized literate cultures, orthographic norms are perceived as socially binding, giving rise to negative evaluations of ‘incorrect’ writing, i.e., writing that deviates from the norm. This is evident in prescriptive practices in interactions on social media including direct corrections of a deviance (*you’re) or comments more or less implicitly referring to it (“would be great if you knew how to spell”). In this study, we focus on a special type of corrections and the reactions to them: incorrect corrections. They are often corrected in so-called re-corrections, which frequently give rise to entire chains of corrections and comments that reflect diverse practices and attitudes both shaped by and towards normativity. By conducting an exploratory case study, we investigate (meta-)pragmatic strategies of stancetaking – such as mocking or doing being an expert – as well as their negotiation in (re-)corrections. Specifically, we focus on three posts taken from the public Facebook group People Incorrectly Correcting Other People consisting of, on the one hand, decontextualized screenshots showing an incorrect correction and ensuing re-corrections framed by the reaction of the poster posting them to the group. On the other hand, given the large number of group members, they include a myriad of additional comments discussing (re-)corrections at a meta-level. Our analysis suggests that re-correcting serves to criticize not a mistake but the positioning of correctors as superior. Thus, it implicitly challenges the normativity of standard language ideologies by exposing the hypocrisy of prescriptive practices.

在高度标准化的识字文化中,正字法规范被视为具有社会约束力,从而导致对 "不正确 "的书写(即偏离规范的书写)的负面评价。这在社交媒体互动中的规范性做法中显而易见,包括直接纠正偏差(*you're)或或多或少暗指偏差的评论("如果你知道如何拼写就好了")。在本研究中,我们将重点关注一种特殊类型的更正以及对它们的反应:错误更正。错误更正通常是在所谓的重新更正中进行的,而重新更正往往会引起一连串的更正和评论,这些更正和评论反映了由规范性形成的以及对规范性的不同做法和态度。通过进行探索性案例研究,我们调查了(元)表态的实用策略--如嘲讽或做专家--以及它们在(再)更正中的协商。具体来说,我们重点研究了来自 Facebook 公共群组 "错误地纠正他人的人 "的三篇帖子,这些帖子一方面是去语境化的截图,显示了错误的纠正,以及随后以发帖人在群组中的反应为框架的重新纠正。另一方面,由于群组成员众多,这些截图还包含了大量在元层面上讨论(重新)更正的附加评论。我们的分析表明,重新更正的目的不是批评错误,而是将更正者定位为优越者。因此,通过揭露规范性做法的虚伪性,它暗含着对标准语言意识形态规范性的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Turning heads and making conversation on Twitch 在 Twitch 上转头和交谈
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100802

This paper undertakes an analysis of the streaming platform Twitch. Twitch is premised upon a single Streamer and a large audience. Interaction between a Streamer and an individual Chat member is constructed by the Streamer through a form of acknowledgement and ratification that leads to a momentary encounter. Strategic ‘reading’ and reading aloud not only function to link and sustain conversation, they also structure the embodied performance of the streamer, who must shift their visual attention away from the primary activity. These head movements are then a primary resource for interaction.Through a Conversation Analytic approach, the paper identifies a ‘reading-reading aloud-responding’ action or R(RA)R as an interactional resource for engaging audience members in ongoing conversation. The analysis is in line with the ‘respecification’ of ‘mediated interaction’ (Arminen et al., 2016) and moves towards a ‘digital CA’ (Giles et al., 2015). It contributes to an ongoing project that looks to ‘digitise Sacks’ (Housley et al., 2017) and inform methodological development of future analysis of technology-mediated interaction.

本文对流媒体平台 Twitch 进行了分析。Twitch 的前提是单个流媒体播放器和大量受众。流媒体主播与单个聊天成员之间的互动是由流媒体主播通过一种承认和认可的形式来构建的,这种形式导致了瞬间的相遇。策略性 "朗读 "和朗读不仅起到了连接和维持对话的作用,而且还构建了聊天者的身体表演,他们必须将视觉注意力从主要活动上转移开。通过会话分析方法,本文确定了 "阅读-朗读-回应 "动作或 R(RA)R,作为吸引观众参与持续会话的互动资源。该分析符合 "中介互动 "的 "重新定义"(Arminen 等人,2016 年),并向 "数字 CA"(Giles 等人,2015 年)迈进。该研究有助于正在进行的 "萨克斯数字化 "项目(Housley et al.
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引用次数: 0
Meowmy, Pawrents and Menschenwelpen ‘human puppies’: Linguistic practices of Doing Interspecies Families on German Instagram Meowmy、Pawrents 和 Menschenwelpen "人类小狗":在德国 Instagram 上组建跨物种家庭的语言实践
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100800

Looking at cute animal images and videos has become a popular online pastime and animals themselves increasingly appear as actors in social media who have their own accounts and profiles from which they ‘speak’ to and ‘interact’ with us. This development goes hand in hand with a change in human-animal relations in most of Western cultures, where pets – especially cats and dogs – are more and more often seen and treated as family members while the animals we eat are rendered invisible in factory farms that are spatially detached from everyday human life. The familial relationships between humans and their pet companions are constructed by a variety of sociocultural means, one of which is language. By talking about pets as babies and children and oneself as cat or dog moms, the connection between the human and the pet is discursively established as one of kinship and intimacy rather than one of ownership and obedience. Social media have become a prolific space for performing “interspecies families” (Owens, 2015), where self-acclaimed pet parents can interact with each other and build communities of practice in which pet accounts post and engage with each other from an imagined pet perspective. This article uses a quantitative corpus-based approach to study the discursive construction of interspecies families on German-speaking Instagram. By analysing more than 20,000 posts from dog and cat accounts offering first person narratives, the article provides insights into the ways human pet owners speak about themselves and their relations with their pets from an imagined pet perspective. The analysis shows that the caption texts accompanying the posted pictures and videos are highly anthropocentric: at the centre of these short texts stands the – usually female – human pet owner. Using family terminology for both humans and other animals in these posts serves the linguistic construction of interspecies families in which pets and their human companions are held together by love and kinship ties rather than ownership.

观看可爱的动物图片和视频已成为一种流行的网络消遣方式,动物本身也越来越多地出现在社交媒体上,它们拥有自己的账户和个人资料,通过这些账户和个人资料与我们 "对话 "和 "互动"。在大多数西方文化中,宠物(尤其是猫和狗)越来越多地被视为家庭成员,而我们食用的动物则被隔离在工厂化养殖场之外,与人类的日常生活隔绝。人类与宠物伙伴之间的家庭关系是通过各种社会文化手段构建的,语言就是其中之一。通过将宠物称为 和 ,将自己称为 或 ,人类与宠物之间的联系在话语上被确立为亲缘关系和亲密关系,而非所有权和服从关系。社交媒体已成为表演 "物种间家庭"(Owens,2015 年)的一个多产空间,自称为宠物父母的人可以在这里相互交流,并建立实践社区,在社区中,宠物账户从想象中的宠物角度发布信息并相互交流。本文采用基于语料库的定量方法,研究德语 Instagram 上跨物种家庭的话语建构。通过分析来自猫狗账户的 20,000 多条以第一人称叙述的帖子,文章深入探讨了人类宠物主人从想象中的宠物视角谈论自己及其与宠物关系的方式。分析表明,所发布图片和视频的说明文字高度以人类为中心:这些短文的中心是人类宠物主人--通常是女性。在这些帖子中,人类和其他动物都使用了家庭术语,这有助于在语言上构建跨物种家庭,在这种家庭中,宠物和它们的人类同伴是通过爱和亲情纽带而不是所有权维系在一起的。
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引用次数: 0
Woman/life/freedom: The social semiotics behind the 2022 Iranian protest movement 妇女/生命/自由:2022 年伊朗抗议运动背后的社会符号学
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100803

Modern day protest movements consist of demands for social action to address entrenched issues such as government leadership and long-standing traditions and values. Driven by an initiating event that incites a collective societal outburst and mobilisation, protestors engage a range of linguistic and semiotic expressions to challenge existing discourses, increasingly platforming these messages globally through the intersection of digital technology and online social networks. The 2022 demonstrations in Iran under the protest banner Woman, Life, Freedom emerged as characteristic of modern social and political movements. Sparked by a widely circulated video showing 22-year-old Mahsa Amini collapsing in a Tehran classroom after being arrested for “improper” hijab wearing, these protests utilised social media to swiftly disseminate related content. This study examines a diverse range of protest signage shared on social media that conveys these protestors’ messages. We employ the concept of “mediational means” from mediated discourse analysis to explore the linguistic and semiotic resources employed during these protests. Our analysis draws from a corpus of protest images and digital ethnographic accounts, investigating how these resources were harnessed to challenge prevailing societal norms, particularly regarding gender and its intersections with ethnicity. We assert that the semiotic processes involved in creating and disseminating protest signage not only galvanised participants during the protests but also contributed to the formation and reinforcement of a “new” identity among the demonstrators. This newly forged identity carries profound implications not only for gender dynamics but also for broader aspects of identity within Iranian society and potentially on a global scale.

现代抗议运动包括要求采取社会行动,以解决根深蒂固的问题,如政府领导、长期存在的传统和价值观。在引发社会集体爆发和动员的初始事件的推动下,抗议者使用一系列语言和符号表达方式来挑战现有的话语体系,并通过数字技术和在线社交网络的交汇,越来越多地将这些信息推向全球平台。伊朗 2022 年打着 "妇女、生命、自由 "旗号的示威游行是现代社会和政治运动的特征。一段广为流传的视频显示,22 岁的马赫萨-阿米尼(Mahsa Amini)因 "不当 "佩戴头巾而被捕,随后倒在德黑兰的一间教室里。本研究探讨了在社交媒体上分享的各种抗议标牌,这些标牌传达了这些抗议者的信息。我们采用了中介话语分析中的 "中介手段 "概念来探讨这些抗议活动中使用的语言和符号资源。我们的分析借鉴了抗议图像和数字人种学描述的语料库,研究如何利用这些资源来挑战现行的社会规范,尤其是有关性别及其与种族交汇的规范。我们断言,制作和传播抗议标识所涉及的符号学过程不仅在抗议活动中激发了参与者的热情,而且还促进了示威者 "新 "身份的形成和强化。这种新形成的身份认同不仅对性别动态有着深远的影响,而且对伊朗社会中更广泛的身份认同问题有着深远的影响,甚至有可能影响到全球范围。
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引用次数: 0
Discourses of political blame games: Introduction 政治指责游戏的论述:导言
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100799
Sten Hansson, Ruth Page
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引用次数: 0
Bargaining in Chinese livestream sales events 中国直播销售活动中的讨价还价
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100787
Shiyu Liu , Juliane House , Dániel Z. Kádár

In this study, we examine practices of bargaining in Chinese livestream sales events. In such livestreams, the host, usually an Internet celebrity, invites a company representative to advertise a product for the customers who are usually fans of the host. Following the promotion, the host is expected to bargain with the seller to reduce the price of the item for the customers. We approach livestream bargaining as a ritual practice in which ostensible aggression is tolerated. We capture the conventional interactional features of bargaining as strategies. We also compare livestream bargaining strategies with face-to-face ones, which allows us to capture how cyberspace affects Chinese bargaining practices. Our outcomes fill a knowledge gap because in pragmatics little attention has been devoted to bargaining in Chinese livestream sales events, even though bargaining is an important tradition in Chinese social interaction.

在本研究中,我们考察了中国直播销售活动中的讨价还价行为。在此类直播活动中,主持人(通常是网络名人)会邀请公司代表为客户(通常是主持人的粉丝)宣传产品。促销活动结束后,主持人应与卖方讨价还价,为顾客降低商品价格。我们将现场直播讨价还价视为一种仪式,在这种仪式中,表面上的攻击是可以容忍的。我们将讨价还价的传统互动特征视为策略。我们还将直播讨价还价策略与面对面讨价还价策略进行了比较,从而捕捉到网络空间是如何影响中国人的讨价还价行为的。我们的研究成果填补了一个知识空白,因为语用学很少关注中国直播销售活动中的讨价还价,尽管讨价还价是中国社会交往中的一个重要传统。
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引用次数: 0
Vlogger, storyteller or character? Chronotopic identity shifts and multimodal resources in COVID-19 vlogs 视频博客、讲故事的人还是角色?COVID-19 视频博客中的时序身份转换和多模态资源
IF 2 2区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100788
Anna De Fina , Jungyoon Koh

Vlogs, as one of the most popular digital genres for the construction of personal experience, are an important site for the study of digital storytelling. Although the narration of ongoing events is becoming increasingly common in vlogs, narration of past events is still present. As they incorporate both storytelling modes, vloggers also act as editors curating and commenting on their materials. Thus, vloggers are presented with the task of transitioning between different chronotopic identities as characters, storytellers, and vloggers in their narratives. Research has shown that vloggers are judged based on perceived authenticity and credibility, as well as their ability to involve viewers, therefore managing these self-presentations is complex in view of the above requirements which have to be met if vloggers want to attain greater popularity. Drawing on a corpus of 47 YouTube vlogs documenting vloggers’ experiences of COVID-19, we analyze how vloggers transition between these chronotopic identities, and describe such transitions according to a dual system of categorization based on the chronotopes involved in the transitions and their function. We find that vloggers shift focus between their roles as vlogger, storyteller, and character through the use of multimodal resources such as captions, overlaid media, and camera movement, and in doing so, address the demands that they need to meet in order to gain followers by presenting themselves as competent, credible, and engaging content creators.

Vlog 作为构建个人经历的最流行数字流派之一,是研究数字故事的重要场所。尽管对正在发生的事件的叙述在 Vlog 中越来越常见,但对过去事件的叙述依然存在。由于 vlog 同时采用了这两种讲故事的模式,因此他们也充当了编辑的角色,对自己的素材进行策划和评论。因此,vlogger 在叙事中需要在人物、讲故事的人和 vlogger 这三种不同的时序身份之间进行转换。研究表明,Vlogger 的评判标准是其被感知到的真实性和可信度,以及其吸引观众参与的能力,因此,鉴于上述要求,Vlogger 要想获得更高的知名度,管理这些自我展示是非常复杂的。我们利用记录了 vlogger 在 COVID-19 中经历的 47 篇 YouTube vlog 的语料库,分析了 vlogger 如何在这些时序身份之间转换,并根据转换中涉及的时序及其功能的双重分类系统对这种转换进行了描述。我们发现,vlogger 通过使用多模态资源(如字幕、叠加媒体和镜头移动)在他们的 vlogger、讲故事者和角色之间转换焦点,并在这样做的过程中,通过将自己表现为有能力、可信和吸引人的内容创作者来满足他们为获得追随者而需要满足的要求。
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引用次数: 0
Discourse practices of video-oriented textual comments 以视频为导向的文本评论的话语实践
IF 2 2区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100786
Thomas C. Messerli, Miriam A. Locher
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引用次数: 0
Managing blame for racism in broadcast media 管理广播媒体中的种族主义指责
IF 2 2区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100785
Jessica S. Robles , Yarong Xie

How do people negotiate blame for racism? In this article we focus on how participants manage the blameworthiness of racism—as a problem in society, and in relation to specific racist incidents—by scrutinising how sources of racism are formulated in broadcast media. This research develops our understanding of how racism is constructed in society as well as how blame functions to allocate responsibility to different parties. By examining racism as a conversational topic and blaming as a social action, our analysis develops important research into how racism is understood at this time in history and considers what the consequences might be of how blame is allocated for it.

人们如何协商种族主义的责任?在这篇文章中,我们通过仔细研究广播媒体如何阐述种族主义的来源,重点探讨了参与者如何管理种族主义的可指责性--作为一个社会问题,以及与具体种族主义事件相关的可指责性。这项研究加深了我们对种族主义是如何在社会中被构建的,以及责任是如何分配给各方的理解。通过将种族主义作为一个对话话题和将指责作为一种社会行为进行研究,我们的分析对如何理解历史上这一时期的种族主义进行了重要的研究,并探讨了如何分配对种族主义的指责可能产生的后果。
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引用次数: 0
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Discourse Context & Media
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