Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.18666/jpra-2024-11631
John Holland, T. Farrelly, Ackim Mwape
Over the last three decades, a series of best practice principles have been advanced by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) to guide national park management policy and practice. This study investigates how these best practice principles have informed the management of Zambia’s national parks. We performed qualitative and quantitative thematic content analysis on 23 park management documents and found that, for the most part, the reported performance of Zambia’s national parks is not well aligned with IUCN best practice principles. We argue that improved alignment with IUCN principles can provide a realistic and positive foundation to increase opportunities for national parks to meet their local and international conservation goals. Improved data collection, along with meaningful public access to information will enhance decision making and public participation in national park management. Strengthened public participation will ensure consideration of multiple perspectives and adoption of processes that enable national park authorities to address conservation challenges that span socio-ecological boundaries. Improved capacity building will provide the necessary technical skills and knowledge to ensure effective coordination and implementation. The results show that park management plans are duly submitted with little expectation of implementing them. More often than not, performance reality does not match policy rhetoric. The study highlights the urgent need for national park management to articulate clear goals and action steps with mechanisms to implement them.
{"title":"Using IUCN Best Practice Principles to Evaluate National Park Management: A Zambia Case Study","authors":"John Holland, T. Farrelly, Ackim Mwape","doi":"10.18666/jpra-2024-11631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jpra-2024-11631","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last three decades, a series of best practice principles have been advanced by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) to guide national park management policy and practice. This study investigates how these best practice principles have informed the management of Zambia’s national parks. We performed qualitative and quantitative thematic content analysis on 23 park management documents and found that, for the most part, the reported performance of Zambia’s national parks is not well aligned with IUCN best practice principles. We argue that improved alignment with IUCN principles can provide a realistic and positive foundation to increase opportunities for national parks to meet their local and international conservation goals. Improved data collection, along with meaningful public access to information will enhance decision making and public participation in national park management. Strengthened public participation will ensure consideration of multiple perspectives and adoption of processes that enable national park authorities to address conservation challenges that span socio-ecological boundaries. Improved capacity building will provide the necessary technical skills and knowledge to ensure effective coordination and implementation. The results show that park management plans are duly submitted with little expectation of implementing them. More often than not, performance reality does not match policy rhetoric. The study highlights the urgent need for national park management to articulate clear goals and action steps with mechanisms to implement them.","PeriodicalId":46684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Park and Recreation Administration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139789744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.18666/jpra-2024-11631
John Holland, T. Farrelly, Ackim Mwape
Over the last three decades, a series of best practice principles have been advanced by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) to guide national park management policy and practice. This study investigates how these best practice principles have informed the management of Zambia’s national parks. We performed qualitative and quantitative thematic content analysis on 23 park management documents and found that, for the most part, the reported performance of Zambia’s national parks is not well aligned with IUCN best practice principles. We argue that improved alignment with IUCN principles can provide a realistic and positive foundation to increase opportunities for national parks to meet their local and international conservation goals. Improved data collection, along with meaningful public access to information will enhance decision making and public participation in national park management. Strengthened public participation will ensure consideration of multiple perspectives and adoption of processes that enable national park authorities to address conservation challenges that span socio-ecological boundaries. Improved capacity building will provide the necessary technical skills and knowledge to ensure effective coordination and implementation. The results show that park management plans are duly submitted with little expectation of implementing them. More often than not, performance reality does not match policy rhetoric. The study highlights the urgent need for national park management to articulate clear goals and action steps with mechanisms to implement them.
{"title":"Using IUCN Best Practice Principles to Evaluate National Park Management: A Zambia Case Study","authors":"John Holland, T. Farrelly, Ackim Mwape","doi":"10.18666/jpra-2024-11631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jpra-2024-11631","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last three decades, a series of best practice principles have been advanced by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) to guide national park management policy and practice. This study investigates how these best practice principles have informed the management of Zambia’s national parks. We performed qualitative and quantitative thematic content analysis on 23 park management documents and found that, for the most part, the reported performance of Zambia’s national parks is not well aligned with IUCN best practice principles. We argue that improved alignment with IUCN principles can provide a realistic and positive foundation to increase opportunities for national parks to meet their local and international conservation goals. Improved data collection, along with meaningful public access to information will enhance decision making and public participation in national park management. Strengthened public participation will ensure consideration of multiple perspectives and adoption of processes that enable national park authorities to address conservation challenges that span socio-ecological boundaries. Improved capacity building will provide the necessary technical skills and knowledge to ensure effective coordination and implementation. The results show that park management plans are duly submitted with little expectation of implementing them. More often than not, performance reality does not match policy rhetoric. The study highlights the urgent need for national park management to articulate clear goals and action steps with mechanisms to implement them.","PeriodicalId":46684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Park and Recreation Administration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139849710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.18666/jpra-2024-12182
B. Garst, Alexandra Skrocki, T. Gaslin, Beth E. Schultz, Andrew N. Hashikawa, Carissa Bunke, K. Gaberson, Ashley Dehudy
Children, adolescents, and young adults are experiencing increases in mental, emotional, and social health (MESH) challenges including anxiety and depression. Out-of-school time (OST) program providers such as summer camps rely on effective communication with parents and other stakeholders to provide for these MESH needs, and the development of before and after program communication processes are viewed as a promising strategy for MESH response across youth program settings. In addition, OST program providers seek human and educational resources for meeting the MESH needs of program participants, and they also try to match available MESH resources to the work demands of their frontline staff who are tasked with responding to youth MESH needs when they arise. The importance of these topics is not reflected in available research informing recommended OST provider practices. Thus, this study examined program provider communications with parents about their youth’s MESH needs as well as program provider MESH resource utilization. Our three research questions were as follows: (1) What parent communication approaches do camp providers use to support youth MESH needs?; (2) What information is communicated to parents, teachers, or healthcare providers regarding youth MESH before and after camp?; and (3) What supports and resources do camp providers need to better manage MESH issues? Findings from this research highlight camp provider MESH-related parent communications and resource utilization. Notably, while respondents indicated requesting general MESH information on the health history form, further assessment and documentation of these identified MESH issues within- and across-camp seasons was lacking. Respondents also indicated camp nurses as the most prevalent human resource. Collectively, these results indicate that camp providers and out-of-camp stakeholders acknowledge the benefit of health history reporting and communication with regard to MESH challenges as well as providing MESH resources to meet employee job demands.
{"title":"Assessing Camp Provider Needs Related to the Mental, Emotional, and Social Health of Youth and Staff: Implications for Parent Communication, Human Resources, and Transition of Care","authors":"B. Garst, Alexandra Skrocki, T. Gaslin, Beth E. Schultz, Andrew N. Hashikawa, Carissa Bunke, K. Gaberson, Ashley Dehudy","doi":"10.18666/jpra-2024-12182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jpra-2024-12182","url":null,"abstract":"Children, adolescents, and young adults are experiencing increases in mental, emotional, and social health (MESH) challenges including anxiety and depression. Out-of-school time (OST) program providers such as summer camps rely on effective communication with parents and other stakeholders to provide for these MESH needs, and the development of before and after program communication processes are viewed as a promising strategy for MESH response across youth program settings. In addition, OST program providers seek human and educational resources for meeting the MESH needs of program participants, and they also try to match available MESH resources to the work demands of their frontline staff who are tasked with responding to youth MESH needs when they arise. The importance of these topics is not reflected in available research informing recommended OST provider practices. Thus, this study examined program provider communications with parents about their youth’s MESH needs as well as program provider MESH resource utilization. Our three research questions were as follows: (1) What parent communication approaches do camp providers use to support youth MESH needs?; (2) What information is communicated to parents, teachers, or healthcare providers regarding youth MESH before and after camp?; and (3) What supports and resources do camp providers need to better manage MESH issues? Findings from this research highlight camp provider MESH-related parent communications and resource utilization. Notably, while respondents indicated requesting general MESH information on the health history form, further assessment and documentation of these identified MESH issues within- and across-camp seasons was lacking. Respondents also indicated camp nurses as the most prevalent human resource. Collectively, these results indicate that camp providers and out-of-camp stakeholders acknowledge the benefit of health history reporting and communication with regard to MESH challenges as well as providing MESH resources to meet employee job demands.","PeriodicalId":46684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Park and Recreation Administration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140483324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.18666/jpra-2024-11983
S. Mazumdar, Shanley Chong, Bin Jalaudin, Karen Wardle, D. Merom
Public health research tends to focus on park amenities that promote physical activity as an indicator of healthy community design. The leisure disciplines argue for a broader approach highlighting the physiological, psychological, and social benefits of park-based activities. We hypothesize that parks offering avenues for active recreation may be better utilized if they offer opportunities for relaxation before/after physical activity, as a standalone leisure activity, or other amenities for adults accompanying active children to relax and socialize. To test this hypothesis, in May 2016, we observed sedentary recreation (such as reading, lying down, or sitting) in a centrally located park based on colonial landscapes within the City of Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia using the validated System for Observing Play and Recreation in a Community (SOPARC) protocol; and an accompanying high-resolution landcover dataset to explore correlates of sedentary recreation. Specifically, we were interested in the demographic characteristics, the time, the place within the park, and landcover features of the places where people engaged in sedentary recreation. We found that 68% of adults visiting the park were engaged in sedentary recreation which peaked between 12-2 p.m. We also found that sedentary recreation was significantly associated (p<0.05) with a greater percent of grass in an area. Our findings are consistent with the propositions of attention restoration and socialization theories of greenspace utility. We conclude that parks should be designed to offer adequate amenities for leisure in addition to physical activity perhaps through the provision of adequate greenspaces.
{"title":"Green Grass in Urban Parks Are a Necessary Ingredient for Sedentary Recreation","authors":"S. Mazumdar, Shanley Chong, Bin Jalaudin, Karen Wardle, D. Merom","doi":"10.18666/jpra-2024-11983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jpra-2024-11983","url":null,"abstract":"Public health research tends to focus on park amenities that promote physical activity as an indicator of healthy community design. The leisure disciplines argue for a broader approach highlighting the physiological, psychological, and social benefits of park-based activities. We hypothesize that parks offering avenues for active recreation may be better utilized if they offer opportunities for relaxation before/after physical activity, as a standalone leisure activity, or other amenities for adults accompanying active children to relax and socialize. To test this hypothesis, in May 2016, we observed sedentary recreation (such as reading, lying down, or sitting) in a centrally located park based on colonial landscapes within the City of Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia using the validated System for Observing Play and Recreation in a Community (SOPARC) protocol; and an accompanying high-resolution landcover dataset to explore correlates of sedentary recreation. Specifically, we were interested in the demographic characteristics, the time, the place within the park, and landcover features of the places where people engaged in sedentary recreation. We found that 68% of adults visiting the park were engaged in sedentary recreation which peaked between 12-2 p.m. We also found that sedentary recreation was significantly associated (p<0.05) with a greater percent of grass in an area. Our findings are consistent with the propositions of attention restoration and socialization theories of greenspace utility. We conclude that parks should be designed to offer adequate amenities for leisure in addition to physical activity perhaps through the provision of adequate greenspaces.","PeriodicalId":46684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Park and Recreation Administration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140480350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-26DOI: 10.18666/jpra-2024-12122
Jennifer P. Agans, Sammie L. Powers, Megan K. McCabe, J. S. Son
Active recreation spaces provide important contexts for physical activity that can contribute to positive physical and mental health outcomes. However, individuals often face constraints which can limit their participation in active recreation. Although some constraints can be negotiated at the individual level, organizations may also take actions to facilitate participation. Extensive research has examined individual constraints to active recreation and constraint negotiation strategies, but there is a lack of research on how recreation agencies and organizations work to facilitate participation in active recreation. Recognizing this gap, we sought to understand facilitators of physically active recreation at the contextual level, with a larger goal of identifying the organizational facilitators that recreation providers use to encourage participation. This qualitative study of recreation providers included semi-structured focus groups conducted online with staff and program leaders at recreation organizations providing physically active programming in a college town in the northeastern United States. Focus groups were transcribed verbatim, coded both deductively and inductively using thematic analysis, and validated with qualitative techniques (e.g., consensus across coders). Results aligned with four themes: philosophy/culture, staff/volunteers, marketing, and program actions. These themes illustrate the actions taken by providers to encourage and support participation across various levels of their organizational operations. Our data provide evidence of specific facilitation strategies used by recreation providers, aligning with constraints and constraint negotiation strategies identified in previous research, as well as with business practices not typically viewed through this lens. The present study highlights the need for better integration of individual- and organizational-level research. By better understanding constraints faced by current and potential participants, providers can be more intentional in aligning their practices with the facilitation of participation. Recreation providers can use the facilitation strategies identified in this study to support constraint negotiation and better enable engagement in active recreation.
{"title":"“We Try [to] Take the Barriers Away For You to Come in”: Active Recreation Contexts as Leisure Facilitators","authors":"Jennifer P. Agans, Sammie L. Powers, Megan K. McCabe, J. S. Son","doi":"10.18666/jpra-2024-12122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jpra-2024-12122","url":null,"abstract":"Active recreation spaces provide important contexts for physical activity that can contribute to positive physical and mental health outcomes. However, individuals often face constraints which can limit their participation in active recreation. Although some constraints can be negotiated at the individual level, organizations may also take actions to facilitate participation. Extensive research has examined individual constraints to active recreation and constraint negotiation strategies, but there is a lack of research on how recreation agencies and organizations work to facilitate participation in active recreation. Recognizing this gap, we sought to understand facilitators of physically active recreation at the contextual level, with a larger goal of identifying the organizational facilitators that recreation providers use to encourage participation. This qualitative study of recreation providers included semi-structured focus groups conducted online with staff and program leaders at recreation organizations providing physically active programming in a college town in the northeastern United States. Focus groups were transcribed verbatim, coded both deductively and inductively using thematic analysis, and validated with qualitative techniques (e.g., consensus across coders). Results aligned with four themes: philosophy/culture, staff/volunteers, marketing, and program actions. These themes illustrate the actions taken by providers to encourage and support participation across various levels of their organizational operations. Our data provide evidence of specific facilitation strategies used by recreation providers, aligning with constraints and constraint negotiation strategies identified in previous research, as well as with business practices not typically viewed through this lens. The present study highlights the need for better integration of individual- and organizational-level research. By better understanding constraints faced by current and potential participants, providers can be more intentional in aligning their practices with the facilitation of participation. Recreation providers can use the facilitation strategies identified in this study to support constraint negotiation and better enable engagement in active recreation.","PeriodicalId":46684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Park and Recreation Administration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139593625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-19DOI: 10.18666/jpra-2024-12276
Shahaf Y. Bareni, Joseph T. Walker, Laura C. Walker, Zachary Beldon
Community parks and recreation departments continue to expand the size of indoor recreation centers with more dedicated spaces and an increased scope of services that includes a significant investment into the fitness division of the operation. Many modern community recreation centers require memberships, with the revenue from memberships creating self-sufficiency, and allowing the facility to operate with limited reliance on a declining tax-based support system. Keeping existing members is less work than recruiting new members, and the industry must continue to investigate how specific operation variables influence continuation. This study examined community recreation members’ (three locations; n = 353) perceptions of price, staff, equipment, programs, locker rooms, and facility parking effects on the intention to continue membership. The data were collected online, and the direct effects are examined using SPSS, AMOS, and MS Excel Advanced Statistical Analysis. The results of this research determined that membership price was the primary positive contributor to willingness to continue membership in the overall model and for each of the three locations, staff and equipment were significant in the overall model, yet the importance of these service quality dimensions differed by location. Finding differences at each location demonstrates why each operation needs to conduct regular assessments to track and gain insight into what matters to their unique customer group.
社区公园和娱乐部门继续扩大室内娱乐中心的规模，提供更多的专用空间和更大的服务范围，其中包括对健身部门的大量投资。许多现代化的社区娱乐中心都需要会员制，会员制带来的收入可以实现自给自足，并使设施的运营对日益减少的税收支持系统产生有限的依赖。留住现有会员比招募新会员更省事，业界必须继续研究具体的运营变量如何影响会员的延续。本研究考察了社区娱乐会员（三个地点；n = 353）对价格、员工、设备、项目、更衣室和设施停车对继续成为会员的意愿的影响。数据通过网络收集，并使用 SPSS、AMOS 和 MS Excel 高级统计分析对直接影响进行了研究。研究结果表明，在总体模型中，会籍价格是影响继续成为会员意愿的主要积极因素，而在三个地点中，员工和设备在总体模型中都有显著影响，但这些服务质量维度的重要性因地点而异。发现每个地点的差异说明了为什么每个运营机构都需要进行定期评估，以跟踪和深入了解对其独特的客户群体而言什么是最重要的。
{"title":"Recreation Center Membership Continuation: The Power of PRICE","authors":"Shahaf Y. Bareni, Joseph T. Walker, Laura C. Walker, Zachary Beldon","doi":"10.18666/jpra-2024-12276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jpra-2024-12276","url":null,"abstract":"Community parks and recreation departments continue to expand the size of indoor recreation centers with more dedicated spaces and an increased scope of services that includes a significant investment into the fitness division of the operation. Many modern community recreation centers require memberships, with the revenue from memberships creating self-sufficiency, and allowing the facility to operate with limited reliance on a declining tax-based support system. Keeping existing members is less work than recruiting new members, and the industry must continue to investigate how specific operation variables influence continuation. This study examined community recreation members’ (three locations; n = 353) perceptions of price, staff, equipment, programs, locker rooms, and facility parking effects on the intention to continue membership. The data were collected online, and the direct effects are examined using SPSS, AMOS, and MS Excel Advanced Statistical Analysis. The results of this research determined that membership price was the primary positive contributor to willingness to continue membership in the overall model and for each of the three locations, staff and equipment were significant in the overall model, yet the importance of these service quality dimensions differed by location. Finding differences at each location demonstrates why each operation needs to conduct regular assessments to track and gain insight into what matters to their unique customer group.","PeriodicalId":46684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Park and Recreation Administration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139612022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.18666/jpra-2023-11940
Trey Feuerhelm, Ingrid E. Schneider
Nature exposure affords significant mental and physical health benefits, particularly with a weekly, 120-minute nature-dose threshold (White et al., 2019). As nature exposure is unequal with Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) facing greater constraints, nature dosage is likely unequal, rendering fewer benefits. A secondary analysis of urban park and trail visitor data (n = 3,209) explored nature dosage across racial groups (Asian, Black, White, and all BIPOC participants combined). Attaining the 120-minute nature dose threshold was significantly lower for those who identified as BIPOC compared to those who identified as White at trails. Notably, nature dose attainment was rather low among all respondents, regardless of race, with a maximum dose attainment of 25%. Planning efforts can address ways to increase dosage, and future studies can seek primary data and analyses to contextualize how intersectionality and distance impact nature dosage attainment.
{"title":"Exploring Nature Dose Attainment across Racial Groups in Urban Parks and Trails","authors":"Trey Feuerhelm, Ingrid E. Schneider","doi":"10.18666/jpra-2023-11940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jpra-2023-11940","url":null,"abstract":"Nature exposure affords significant mental and physical health benefits, particularly with a weekly, 120-minute nature-dose threshold (White et al., 2019). As nature exposure is unequal with Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) facing greater constraints, nature dosage is likely unequal, rendering fewer benefits. A secondary analysis of urban park and trail visitor data (n = 3,209) explored nature dosage across racial groups (Asian, Black, White, and all BIPOC participants combined). Attaining the 120-minute nature dose threshold was significantly lower for those who identified as BIPOC compared to those who identified as White at trails. Notably, nature dose attainment was rather low among all respondents, regardless of race, with a maximum dose attainment of 25%. Planning efforts can address ways to increase dosage, and future studies can seek primary data and analyses to contextualize how intersectionality and distance impact nature dosage attainment.","PeriodicalId":46684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Park and Recreation Administration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139443901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.18666/jpra-2023-11929
Jaclyn F. Rushing, Jennifer M. Thomsen
The Pacific Northwest National Scenic Trail (PNT) traverses 1,200 miles from the Continental Divide to the Pacific Ocean. The portion of the trail in Northwest Montana and the Idaho Panhandle is at the nexus of a complex conflict situation involving outdoor recreation, wildlife conservation, and social-cultural values. This evolving conflict has gained national attention due to the diverse stakeholder interests and litigation against the US Forest Service, who administers the trail. The tension among the stakeholder groups and the various ecological and social-cultural dimensions at play illuminate the complexity of managing long-distance trails. Administrators of long-distance trails must evaluate and mitigate social, ecological, and cultural risks. This research note explores complexity and trust ecology among key PNT stakeholders, and discusses opportunities for incorporating trust research in transboundary recreation planning and research.
{"title":"Assessing Complexity and Stakeholder and Rightsholder Trust in Outdoor Recreation Management on the Pacific Northwest National Scenic Trail","authors":"Jaclyn F. Rushing, Jennifer M. Thomsen","doi":"10.18666/jpra-2023-11929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jpra-2023-11929","url":null,"abstract":"The Pacific Northwest National Scenic Trail (PNT) traverses 1,200 miles from the Continental Divide to the Pacific Ocean. The portion of the trail in Northwest Montana and the Idaho Panhandle is at the nexus of a complex conflict situation involving outdoor recreation, wildlife conservation, and social-cultural values. This evolving conflict has gained national attention due to the diverse stakeholder interests and litigation against the US Forest Service, who administers the trail. The tension among the stakeholder groups and the various ecological and social-cultural dimensions at play illuminate the complexity of managing long-distance trails. Administrators of long-distance trails must evaluate and mitigate social, ecological, and cultural risks. This research note explores complexity and trust ecology among key PNT stakeholders, and discusses opportunities for incorporating trust research in transboundary recreation planning and research.","PeriodicalId":46684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Park and Recreation Administration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138624017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.18666/jpra-2023-12056
Courtney M. Meyer, Jim M. Mensch, Ashley M. DeSousa, Eva V. Monsma, Susan W. Yeargin
This study examined parental decision-making factors regarding their child’s participation in tackle (TF) versus non-tackle (NTF) youth football leagues (YFLs, n = 91). The study also aimed to determine if these variables differed between parents who allowed their child to participate in TF and those who only allowed their child to participate in NTF. This study was of cross-sectional survey design and included items on parent demographics, child demographics, and factors influencing parent decision-making, divided into two groups: health- and league-related factors. The survey was piloted, housed, and created in a web-based platform. YFL parents rated decision-making factors on a 6-point scale. Descriptive statistics were run for all demographic variables, and non-parametric test were utilized to compare responses between groups. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare TF versus NTF, parent sex, parent concussion history, and child’s concussion history. The Kruskal-Wallis test was employed to compare parent sport history. Female parents (n = 61) rated injury risk and concussion risk higher than male parents (n = 30). Parents who did not play a sport (n = 14) rated CTE higher than parents who played football (n = 13), another sport (n = 46), or football plus another sport (n = 18). The NTF parents (n = 10) rated injury risk, concussion risk, and CTE risk higher than TF (n = 81), while TF parents rated coach’s level of training, league success, and league safety higher than NTF. This study provides insights into parents’ decision-making processes and may help YFL programs tailor their approach to address these concerns and provide a safer environment for children participating in YFL.
{"title":"To Play or Not to Play Youth Tackle Football: Health- and League-Related Factors in Parents’ Decision Making","authors":"Courtney M. Meyer, Jim M. Mensch, Ashley M. DeSousa, Eva V. Monsma, Susan W. Yeargin","doi":"10.18666/jpra-2023-12056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jpra-2023-12056","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined parental decision-making factors regarding their child’s participation in tackle (TF) versus non-tackle (NTF) youth football leagues (YFLs, n = 91). The study also aimed to determine if these variables differed between parents who allowed their child to participate in TF and those who only allowed their child to participate in NTF. This study was of cross-sectional survey design and included items on parent demographics, child demographics, and factors influencing parent decision-making, divided into two groups: health- and league-related factors. The survey was piloted, housed, and created in a web-based platform. YFL parents rated decision-making factors on a 6-point scale. Descriptive statistics were run for all demographic variables, and non-parametric test were utilized to compare responses between groups. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare TF versus NTF, parent sex, parent concussion history, and child’s concussion history. The Kruskal-Wallis test was employed to compare parent sport history. Female parents (n = 61) rated injury risk and concussion risk higher than male parents (n = 30). Parents who did not play a sport (n = 14) rated CTE higher than parents who played football (n = 13), another sport (n = 46), or football plus another sport (n = 18). The NTF parents (n = 10) rated injury risk, concussion risk, and CTE risk higher than TF (n = 81), while TF parents rated coach’s level of training, league success, and league safety higher than NTF. This study provides insights into parents’ decision-making processes and may help YFL programs tailor their approach to address these concerns and provide a safer environment for children participating in YFL.","PeriodicalId":46684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Park and Recreation Administration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136263661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.18666/jpra-2023-12086
Erik Smith
In Commission on Human Rights and Opportunities (CHRO) v. Edge Fitness, LLC, et al., two male patrons located in Connecticut filed complaints arguing that their gyms’ “women only” workout areas were a discriminatory practice. The gyms argued a gender privacy exception was present in the law, but the Connecticut Supreme Court ultimately disagreed. While the legal implications have been examined (Leudman, 2021), the parks and recreation managerial implications have not been discussed. Women’s only spaces are built into many modern fitness facility models and seeing them challenged may open the door to confusion and frustration from patrons. The purpose of this commentary is to reflect on the significance of CHRO v. Edge Fitness, LLC, et al. to parks and recreation spaces and the perspective parks and recreation practitioners can take into the future to reduce cases such as CHRO v. Edge Fitness, LLC, et al.
{"title":"Reflecting on the Parks and Recreation Implications of Commission on Human Rights and Opportunities (CHRO) v. Edge Fitness, LLC et al.","authors":"Erik Smith","doi":"10.18666/jpra-2023-12086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18666/jpra-2023-12086","url":null,"abstract":"In Commission on Human Rights and Opportunities (CHRO) v. Edge Fitness, LLC, et al., two male patrons located in Connecticut filed complaints arguing that their gyms’ “women only” workout areas were a discriminatory practice. The gyms argued a gender privacy exception was present in the law, but the Connecticut Supreme Court ultimately disagreed. While the legal implications have been examined (Leudman, 2021), the parks and recreation managerial implications have not been discussed. Women’s only spaces are built into many modern fitness facility models and seeing them challenged may open the door to confusion and frustration from patrons. The purpose of this commentary is to reflect on the significance of CHRO v. Edge Fitness, LLC, et al. to parks and recreation spaces and the perspective parks and recreation practitioners can take into the future to reduce cases such as CHRO v. Edge Fitness, LLC, et al.","PeriodicalId":46684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Park and Recreation Administration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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