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Randomized Trial of Two Exercise Programs to Increase Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life for Persons With Spinal Cord Injury 两种锻炼方案提高脊髓损伤患者体力活动和健康相关生活质量的随机试验
IF 2.9 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-26 DOI: 10.46292/sci21-00042
J. Butzer, A. Kozlowski, Rachel Hern, Cally Gooch
Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of two different interventions that promote physical activity in individuals with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and determine the effect of relapse prevention. Methods: A sequential, multiple assignment, randomized trial was conducted at a universally designed community-based exercise facility. Participants were individuals with traumatic SCI, >3 months post injury, levels C5 to T12, age ≥18 years (N = 79). After randomization, Bridge Program participants completed an 8-week personalized, less intense, exercise program informed by American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) guidelines and supported with hands-on peer mentoring, exercise of choice, and caregiver training. Structured Exercise participants completed an 8-week program in a group format based on ACSM guidelines. After intervention, participants were randomized to receive or not receive relapse prevention for 6 months. The time and intensity of physical activity and psychological change in depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, and function were assessed with self-reported measures. Results: Compared to baseline, physical activity increased post intervention for both the Bridge and Structured Exercise programs. Compared to baseline, participants in the Bridge Program recorded fewer anxiety symptoms. No significant changes were noted for either program in depressive symptoms, self-efficacy, or function. There was no difference in relapse prevention between the two groups at 6 months. Conclusions: The Bridge Program, a novel personalized exercise program with peer support, exercise of choice, and caregiver training, and a structured exercise program both improved self-reported physical activity, but the Bridge Program also reduced anxiety symptoms. This study provides important insight into the limitations of commonly used measures of physical activity and psychosocial domains in people with SCI.
目的:比较两种促进外伤性脊髓损伤(SCI)患者身体活动的不同干预措施的有效性,并确定预防复发的效果。方法:在一个普遍设计的社区运动设施中进行了一项连续、多任务、随机试验。参与者为创伤性脊髓损伤患者,损伤后3个月,C5至T12级,年龄≥18岁(N = 79)。随机化后,桥梁项目参与者完成了一个为期8周的个性化、低强度的运动项目,该项目遵循美国运动医学学院(ACSM)的指导方针,并得到了同伴指导、运动选择和护理人员培训的支持。结构化锻炼参与者根据ACSM指南以小组形式完成了为期8周的计划。干预后,参与者随机接受或不接受6个月的复发预防。用自我报告的方法评估身体活动的时间和强度以及抑郁、焦虑、自我效能和功能方面的心理变化。结果:与基线相比,桥式和结构化运动项目的身体活动在干预后都有所增加。与基线相比,桥梁项目的参与者记录的焦虑症状较少。两种方案在抑郁症状、自我效能或功能方面均未发现显著变化。6个月时两组在预防复发方面无差异。结论:桥梁计划是一种新颖的个性化运动计划,包括同伴支持、运动选择和护理人员培训,以及一种结构化的运动计划,两者都改善了自我报告的身体活动,但桥梁计划也减少了焦虑症状。这项研究为脊髓损伤患者常用的身体活动和心理社会领域测量方法的局限性提供了重要的见解。
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引用次数: 1
Cardiorespiratory Responses to an Acute Bout of High Intensity Interval Training and Moderate Intensity Continuous Training on a Recumbent Handcycle in People With Spinal Cord Injury: A Within-Subject Design. 脊髓损伤患者在卧姿手扶自行车上进行高强度间歇训练和中等强度持续训练后的心肺反应:受试者内设计
IF 2.4 Q1 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.46292/sci23-00026
Joseph Peters, Kellie Halloran, Michael Focht, Kathryn Huang, Mariana Kersh, Ian Rice

Objectives: To compare acute cardiorespiratory responses during high intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) on a recumbent handcycle in persons with spinal cord injury (PwSCI).

Methods: Eleven males and nine females with chronic SCI (T3 - L5), aged 23 (9) years, participated in this within-subject design. Based off peak power outputs from an incremental test to exhaustion, participants engaged in a HIIT and MICT session at matched workloads on a recumbent handcycle. Workloads (Joules), time, oxygen uptake (VO2), metabolic equivalent of task (MET), heart rate (HR), and energy expenditure (kcal) were recorded during HIIT and MICT.

Results: Total workload was similar across HIIT (87820 ± 24021 Joules) and MICT sessions (89044 ± 23696 Joules; p > .05). HIIT (20.00 [.03] minutes) was shorter in duration than MICT (23.20 [2.56]; p < .01). Average VO2 (20.96 ± 4.84 vs. 129.38 ± 19.13 mL/kg/min O2), MET (7.54 ± 2.00 vs. 6.21 ± 1.25), and HR (146.26 ± 13.80 vs. 129.38 ± 19.13 beats per minute) responses were significantly greater during HIIT than MICT (p < .01). Participants burned significantly more kilocalories during HIIT (128.08 ± 35.65) than MICT (118.93 ± 29.58; p < .01) and at a faster rate (6.40 ± 1.78 [HIIT] vs. 5.09 ± 1.14 [MICT] kcal/min; p < .01).

Conclusion: HIIT elicits greater increases in oxygen uptake and HR than MICT in PwSCI. In significantly less time, HIIT also burned more calories than MICT.

目的比较脊髓损伤患者在进行高强度间歇训练(HIIT)和中等强度持续训练(MICT)时的急性心肺反应:11 名男性和 9 名女性慢性脊髓损伤患者(T3 - L5)参加了此次受试者内设计,他们的年龄为 23(9)岁。根据增量测试到力竭时的峰值功率输出,参与者在哑铃手摇自行车上以匹配的工作负荷进行 HIIT 和 MICT 训练。记录了 HIIT 和 MICT 期间的工作量(焦耳)、时间、摄氧量(VO2)、任务代谢当量(MET)、心率(HR)和能量消耗(千卡):结果:HIIT(87820 ± 24021 焦耳)和 MICT(89044 ± 23696 焦耳;P > .05)的总工作量相似。HIIT(20.00[.03]分钟)的持续时间比MICT(23.20[2.56]分钟;P < .01)短。HIIT 期间的平均 VO2(20.96 ± 4.84 vs. 129.38 ± 19.13 mL/kg/min O2)、MET(7.54 ± 2.00 vs. 6.21 ± 1.25)和心率(146.26 ± 13.80 vs. 129.38 ± 19.13 次/分钟)反应明显高于 MICT(p < .01)。参与者在 HIIT(128.08 ± 35.65)期间消耗的热量明显高于 MICT(118.93 ± 29.58;p < .01),而且消耗速度更快(6.40 ± 1.78 [HIIT] vs. 5.09 ± 1.14 [MICT] kcal/min;p < .01):结论:在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中,HIIT 比 MICT 更能提高摄氧量和心率。结论:与 MICT 相比,HIIT 在更短的时间内消耗更多的卡路里。
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引用次数: 0
Challenges in Translating Regenerative Therapies for Spinal Cord Injury. 脊髓损伤再生疗法转化过程中的挑战。
IF 2.4 Q1 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.46292/sci23-00044S
Andrew N Stewart, John C Gensel, Linda Jones, Karim Fouad

Regenerating the injured spinal cord is a substantial challenge with many obstacles that need to be overcome to achieve robust functional benefits. This abundance of hurdles can partly explain the limited success when applying regenerative intervention treatments in animal models and/or people. In this article, we elaborate on a few of these obstacles, starting with the applicability of animal models and how they compare to the clinical setting. We then discuss the requirement for combinatorial interventions and the associated problems in experimental design, including the addition of rehabilitative training. The article expands on differences in lesion sizes and locations between humans and common animal models, and how this difference can determine the success or failure of an intervention. An additional and frequently overlooked problem in the translation of interventions that applies beyond the field of neuroregeneration is the reporting bias and the lack of transparency in reporting findings. New data mandates are tackling this problem and will eventually result in a more balanced view of the field. Finally, we will discuss strategies to negotiate the challenging course of successful translation to facilitate successful translation of regeneration promoting interventions.

损伤脊髓的再生是一项巨大的挑战,需要克服许多障碍才能获得强大的功能性益处。在动物模型和/或人体中应用再生干预疗法的成功率有限,部分原因就在于障碍重重。在本文中,我们将从动物模型的适用性及其与临床环境的比较入手,详细阐述其中的一些障碍。然后,我们讨论了组合干预的要求和实验设计中的相关问题,包括增加康复训练。文章阐述了人类与普通动物模型在病变大小和位置上的差异,以及这种差异如何决定干预的成败。在神经再生领域之外,干预措施转化过程中还有一个经常被忽视的问题,那就是报告偏差和报告结果缺乏透明度。新的数据规定正在解决这一问题,最终将使该领域的观点更加平衡。最后,我们将讨论如何应对成功转化过程中的挑战,以促进促进再生干预措施的成功转化。
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引用次数: 0
Racial and Ethnical Discrepancies and Similarities in the Epidemiology, Survival, and Neurological Outcomes After Acute Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Data from the NASCIS-1 Trial. 急性创伤性脊髓损伤后的流行病学、存活率和神经系统结果中的种族和人种差异与相似性:使用 NASCIS-1 试验数据的回顾性队列研究。
IF 2.4 Q1 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.46292/sci23-00055S
Julio C Furlan

Background: Little is known about the impact of race/ethnicity on the clinical and neurological outcomes after acute traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI).

Objectives: This study examined the influence of race/ethnicity on the individuals' survival and neurological recovery within the first year after tSCI.

Methods: The 306 cases enrolled in the First National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study (NASCIS-1) were grouped as African American individuals (n = 84), non-Hispanic White individuals (n = 159), and other races/ethnicities that included Hispanic individuals (n = 60) and Asian individuals (n = 3). Outcome measures included survival and neurological recovery within the first year after tSCI. Data analyses were adjusted for major potential confounders.

Results: There were 39 females and 267 males with mean age of 31 years who mostly sustained cervical severe tSCI after motor vehicle accidents or falls. The three groups were comparable regarding sex distribution, level and severity of tSCI, level of consciousness at admission, and total received dose of methylprednisolone. African American individuals were significantly older than non-Hispanic White individuals (p = .0238). African American individuals and individuals of other races/ethnicities more often had a tSCI with open wound caused by missile and water-related accidents than non-Hispanic White individuals (p < .0001). Survival rates within the first year after tSCI were comparable among the three groups (p = .3191). Among the survivors, there were no significant differences among the three groups regarding motor and pinprick and light-touch sensory recovery (p > .0500).

Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that, while there were few differences among the racial/ethnical groups regarding the epidemiology of tSCI, race/ethnicity did not influence survival rate or neurological recovery within the first year post-tSCI.

背景:人们对种族/民族对急性创伤性脊髓损伤(tSCI)后临床和神经系统结果的影响知之甚少:本研究探讨了种族/民族对急性创伤性脊髓损伤后第一年内患者存活率和神经功能恢复的影响:第一次全国急性脊髓损伤研究(NASCIS-1)中登记的 306 个病例被分为非裔美国人(n = 84)、非西班牙裔白人(n = 159)和其他种族/民族,其中包括西班牙裔(n = 60)和亚裔(n = 3)。结果测量包括 tSCI 后第一年内的存活率和神经功能恢复情况。数据分析对主要的潜在混杂因素进行了调整:结果:共有 39 名女性和 267 名男性,平均年龄为 31 岁,他们大多因机动车事故或跌倒导致颈椎重度损伤。三组患者在性别分布、颈椎重度损伤的程度和严重性、入院时的意识水平以及甲基强的松龙的总剂量方面具有可比性。非裔美国人的年龄明显高于非西班牙裔白人(p = .0238)。与非西班牙裔白人相比,非裔美国人和其他种族/族裔的人更常因导弹和与水有关的事故导致开放性伤口的创伤性脑损伤(p < .0001)。三个群体在创伤后第一年内的存活率相当(p = .3191)。在幸存者中,三组在运动、针刺和轻触感觉恢复方面没有显著差异(p > .0500):本研究的结果表明,虽然不同种族/族裔群体在创伤后脊髓损伤的流行病学方面差异不大,但种族/族裔并不影响创伤后脊髓损伤后第一年内的存活率或神经功能恢复。
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引用次数: 0
What Is the Pathway to the Best Model of Care for Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury? Evidence-Based Guidance. 创伤性脊髓损伤最佳护理模式的途径是什么?循证指导。
IF 2.4 Q1 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.46292/sci23-00059S
Matheus Joner Wiest, Judith Gargaro, Mark T Bayley

Introduction: People with traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) experience lifelong physical and emotional health impacts, needing specialized care that is complex to navigate. The non-standardized care pathways used by different jurisdictions to address these needs lead to care inequities and poor health outcomes.

Purpose: To develop an evidence-based integrated tSCI Care Pathway, from time of injury to life in the community.

Methods and analysis: Eighty key partners engaged in planning, providing, and receiving tSCI care (1) identified existing guidelines, pathways, and care models; (2) created the tSCI Care Pathway with key elements or building blocks ("the what"), not specific recommendations ("the how") for each care stage (Acute, Rehabilitation, and Community), with elements highlighting the role of primary care and equity considerations on the pathway; (3) identified regional gaps in the tSCI Pathway and prioritized them for implementation; and (4) developed quality indicators.

Outcomes: The tSCI Pathway was drafted in overarching and detailed formats. For Acute Care, building blocks focused on appropriate assessment, initial management, and transition planning; for Rehabilitation, building blocks focused on access to specialized rehabilitation and assessment and planning of community needs; for Community, building blocks focused on follow-up, mechanisms for re-access, and holistic support for persons and families; and for equity considerations, building blocks focused on those at-risk or requiring complex supports. Team-based primary care and navigation supports were seen as crucial to reduce inequities.

Conclusion: This is the first comprehensive care pathway for tSCI. The Pathway is grounded in person-centred care, integrated care and services, and up-to-date clinical practice guidelines. The tSCI Care Pathway is flexible to regional realities and individual needs to ensure equitable care for all.

导言:外伤性脊髓损伤(tSCI)患者终生都会受到身体和情绪方面的健康影响,需要复杂的专业护理。不同辖区为满足这些需求而采用的非标准化护理路径导致了护理不公平和不良的健康结果。目的:开发基于证据的综合创伤性脊髓损伤(tSCI)护理路径,包括从受伤到在社区生活的整个过程:参与规划、提供和接受创伤后精神创伤护理的 80 个主要合作伙伴(1)确定了现有的指南、路径和护理模式;(2)创建了创伤后精神创伤护理路径,其中包括每个护理阶段(急性期、康复期和社区期)的关键要素或构件("做什么"),而不是具体建议("怎么做"),并强调了初级护理的作用和路径中的公平考虑因素;(3)确定了创伤后精神创伤护理路径中的地区差距,并将其列为优先实施事项;以及(4)制定了质量指标:以总体和详细的形式起草了 tSCI 途径。在急症护理方面,构建模块的重点是适当的评估、初始管理和过渡规划;在康复方面,构建模块的重点是获得专门的康复服务以及社区需求的评估和规划;在社区方面,构建模块的重点是后续行动、重新获得服务的机制以及对个人和家庭的全面支持;在公平考虑方面,构建模块的重点是高危人群或需要复杂支持的人群。以团队为基础的初级护理和导航支持被认为是减少不平等的关键:这是首个针对慢性阻塞性肺病的综合护理路径。该路径立足于以人为本的护理、综合护理和服务以及最新的临床实践指南。tSCI 护理路径可根据地区实际情况和个人需求灵活调整,以确保为所有人提供公平的护理。
{"title":"What Is the Pathway to the Best Model of Care for Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury? Evidence-Based Guidance.","authors":"Matheus Joner Wiest, Judith Gargaro, Mark T Bayley","doi":"10.46292/sci23-00059S","DOIUrl":"10.46292/sci23-00059S","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>People with traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) experience lifelong physical and emotional health impacts, needing specialized care that is complex to navigate. The non-standardized care pathways used by different jurisdictions to address these needs lead to care inequities and poor health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop an evidence-based integrated tSCI Care Pathway, from time of injury to life in the community.</p><p><strong>Methods and analysis: </strong>Eighty key partners engaged in planning, providing, and receiving tSCI care (1) identified existing guidelines, pathways, and care models; (2) created the tSCI Care Pathway with key elements or building blocks (\"the what\"), not specific recommendations (\"the how\") for each care stage (Acute, Rehabilitation, and Community), with elements highlighting the role of primary care and equity considerations on the pathway; (3) identified regional gaps in the tSCI Pathway and prioritized them for implementation; and (4) developed quality indicators.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>The tSCI Pathway was drafted in overarching and detailed formats. For Acute Care, building blocks focused on appropriate assessment, initial management, and transition planning; for Rehabilitation, building blocks focused on access to specialized rehabilitation and assessment and planning of community needs; for Community, building blocks focused on follow-up, mechanisms for re-access, and holistic support for persons and families; and for equity considerations, building blocks focused on those at-risk or requiring complex supports. Team-based primary care and navigation supports were seen as crucial to reduce inequities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first comprehensive care pathway for tSCI. The Pathway is grounded in person-centred care, integrated care and services, and up-to-date clinical practice guidelines. The tSCI Care Pathway is flexible to regional realities and individual needs to ensure equitable care for all.</p>","PeriodicalId":46769,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10759857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interpersonal Violence Against Women With Spinal Cord Injury: Adding Insult to Injury. 针对脊髓损伤女性的人际暴力:伤上加伤。
IF 2.9 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.46292/sci21-00083
Susan Robinson-Whelen, Rosemary B Hughes, Kimberley Aguillard, Diana Gonzalez, Heather B Taylor

Background: Mounting empirical evidence suggests that, compared to women without disabilities, women with disabilities are more likely to experience interpersonal violence (IPV). However, there is extremely limited research attention on IPV against women with spinal cord injury (SCI), a particularly understudied and underserved population.

Objectives: To conduct the first known examination of lifetime IPV experience in women with SCI, to explore demographic and disability-related correlates of IPV, and to examine the health impacts of IPV.

Methods: The sample included 175 women with traumatic SCI from across the United States who enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of an online psychological health promotion intervention. The data, which included a brief measure of lifetime abuse, were collected as part of the baseline survey administered prior to randomization to the intervention or control conditions.

Results: The majority (55%) of the women described experiencing some abuse in their lifetime, with 43% reporting physical abuse, 32% reporting sexual abuse, and 23% reporting disability-related abuse. Sixteen percent of the women indicated that they had experienced all three (physical, sexual, disability) types of abuse. Few demographic and disability characteristics were related to overall lifetime IPV experience; however, disability characteristics were associated with disability-related IPV victimization. In addition, those with a history of IPV had poorer self-reported health and greater depression.

Conclusion: This study suggests that IPV is common among women with SCI. More research is needed to understand the prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of IPV against women with SCI to help inform policy and practice.

背景:越来越多的经验证据表明,与非残疾妇女相比,残疾妇女更有可能遭受人际暴力(IPV)。然而,针对脊髓损伤(SCI)妇女的 IPV 研究却极为有限,对这一人群的研究尤其不足且服务欠缺:目的:首次对脊髓损伤女性终生遭受 IPV 的经历进行研究,探讨 IPV 与人口统计学和残疾相关的关联性,并研究 IPV 对健康的影响:样本包括来自美国各地的 175 名患有创伤性 SCI 的女性,她们参加了在线心理健康促进干预的随机对照试验。这些数据包括对终生受虐情况的简要测量,是在随机分配干预或对照条件之前进行的基线调查的一部分:大多数妇女(55%)描述了她们一生中遭受过虐待的经历,其中 43% 报告了身体虐待,32% 报告了性虐待,23% 报告了与残疾有关的虐待。16%的妇女表示,她们经历过所有三种类型的虐待(身体虐待、性虐待和残疾虐待)。几乎没有人口统计特征和残疾特征与终生遭受 IPV 的总体经历有关;但是,残疾特征与残疾相关 IPV 受害经历有关。此外,有过 IPV 史的人自我报告的健康状况较差,抑郁程度更高:本研究表明,IPV 在患有 SCI 的女性中很常见。需要开展更多的研究,以了解针对 SCI 女性的 IPV 的普遍性、风险因素和后果,从而为政策和实践提供参考。
{"title":"Interpersonal Violence Against Women With Spinal Cord Injury: Adding Insult to Injury.","authors":"Susan Robinson-Whelen, Rosemary B Hughes, Kimberley Aguillard, Diana Gonzalez, Heather B Taylor","doi":"10.46292/sci21-00083","DOIUrl":"10.46292/sci21-00083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mounting empirical evidence suggests that, compared to women without disabilities, women with disabilities are more likely to experience interpersonal violence (IPV). However, there is extremely limited research attention on IPV against women with spinal cord injury (SCI), a particularly understudied and underserved population.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To conduct the first known examination of lifetime IPV experience in women with SCI, to explore demographic and disability-related correlates of IPV, and to examine the health impacts of IPV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample included 175 women with traumatic SCI from across the United States who enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of an online psychological health promotion intervention. The data, which included a brief measure of lifetime abuse, were collected as part of the baseline survey administered prior to randomization to the intervention or control conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority (55%) of the women described experiencing some abuse in their lifetime, with 43% reporting physical abuse, 32% reporting sexual abuse, and 23% reporting disability-related abuse. Sixteen percent of the women indicated that they had experienced all three (physical, sexual, disability) types of abuse. Few demographic and disability characteristics were related to overall lifetime IPV experience; however, disability characteristics were associated with disability-related IPV victimization. In addition, those with a history of IPV had poorer self-reported health and greater depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that IPV is common among women with SCI. More research is needed to understand the prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of IPV against women with SCI to help inform policy and practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":46769,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9936903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10836370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Salsalate Improves Postprandial Glycemic and Some Lipid Responses in Persons With Tetraplegia: A Randomized Clinical Pilot Trial With Crossover Design. 水杨酸盐改善四肢瘫痪患者餐后血糖和一些脂质反应:一项交叉设计的随机临床试验
IF 2.9 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.46292/sci22-00033
Jochen Kressler, Armando Mendez, Luisa Betancourt, Mark Nash

Objectives: To investigate the effects of salsalate on fasting and postprandial (PP) glycemic, lipidemic, and inflammatory responses in persons with tetraplegia.

Methods: This study was a randomized, double-blind, cross-over design. It was conducted at a university laboratory. Ten males aged 25 to 50 years with SCI at C5-8 levels for ≥1 year underwent 1 month of placebo and salsalate (4 g/day) treatment. Blood samples were drawn before and 4 hours after breakfast and lunch fast-food meal consumption.

Results: Descriptive statistics indicate that fasting and PP glucose values were reduced with salsalate (pre-post mean difference, 4 ± 5 mg/dL and 8 ± 8 mg/dL, respectively) but largely unchanged with placebo (0 ± 6 mg/dL and -0 ± 7 mg/dL, respectively). Insulin responses were generally reciprocal to glucose, however less pronounced. Fasting free fatty acids were significantly reduced with salsalate (191 ± 216 mg/dL, p = .021) but not placebo (-46 ± 116 mg/dL, p = .878). Results for triglycerides were similar (25 ± 34 mg/dL, p =.045, and 7 ± 29 mg/dL, p = .464). Fasting low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were higher after salsalate (-10 ± 12 mg/dL, p = .025) but not placebo (2 ± 9 mg/dL, p = .403) treatment. Inflammatory markers were largely unchanged.

Conclusion: In this pilot trial, descriptive values indicate that salsalate decreased fasting and PP glucose response to fast-food meal challenge at regular intervals in persons with tetraplegia. Positive effects were also seen for some lipid but not for inflammatory response markers. Given the relatively "healthy" metabolic profiles of the participants, it is possible that salsalate's effects may be greater and more consistent in people with less favorable metabolic milieus.

目的:探讨水杨酸盐对四肢瘫痪患者空腹和餐后血糖、血脂和炎症反应的影响。方法:采用随机、双盲、交叉设计。实验是在一所大学的实验室进行的。10名年龄在25岁至50岁的男性,C5-8水平的脊髓损伤≥1年,接受1个月的安慰剂和水杨酸盐(4 g/天)治疗。在吃早餐和午餐快餐前和4小时后抽取血样。结果:描述性统计表明,水杨酸盐降低了空腹和PP血糖值(前后平均差异分别为4±5 mg/dL和8±8 mg/dL),但安慰剂基本不变(分别为0±6 mg/dL和- 0±7 mg/dL)。胰岛素的反应通常与葡萄糖呈反比,但不太明显。水salsalate组空腹游离脂肪酸显著减少(191±216 mg/dL, p = 0.021),而安慰剂组无显著减少(- 46±116 mg/dL, p = 0.878)。甘油三酯的测定结果相似(25±34 mg/dL, p =。0.045和7±29 mg/dL, p = .464)。水杨酸盐治疗后空腹低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平升高(- 10±12 mg/dL, p = 0.025),而安慰剂治疗后空腹低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平升高(2±9 mg/dL, p = 0.403)。炎症标志物基本不变。结论:在这项试点试验中,描述性值表明,水杨酸盐定期降低四肢瘫痪患者对快餐挑战的空腹和PP葡萄糖反应。对一些脂质也有积极作用,但对炎症反应标志物没有积极作用。考虑到参与者相对“健康”的代谢状况,在代谢环境不太有利的人群中,水杨酸盐的效果可能更大,更一致。
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引用次数: 0
Feasibility and Acceptability of a Codesigned Health Care Transition Intervention for Young People With Spinal Cord Injuries. 青少年脊髓损伤健康护理过渡干预方案的可行性和可接受性
IF 2.9 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.46292/sci22-00049
Emily Alice Bray, Ajesh George, Bronwyn Everett, Yenna Salamonson, Lucie M Ramjan

Background: Due in part to medical complications, adults with a pediatric onset spinal cord injury (SCI) are at higher risk of experiencing dissatisfaction with life and lower perceived physical health when compared to their peers with no disability. To support the prevention of medical complications, young people with SCI must successfully transition to adult health care. Health care transition (HCT) interventions can support young people with chronic conditions in their move to adult health care.

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a web-based HCT intervention codesigned with young people with SCI and parents/caregivers.

Methods: Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted online with young people with SCI and parents/caregivers who transitioned or were preparing for the transition from pediatric to adult health care. Interviews were also conducted with health care professionals. The interviews were analyzed using a hybrid deductive and inductive qualitative content analysis process. Feasibility and acceptability were measured using Bowen and colleagues' framework, which includes eight focus areas: acceptability, demand, implementation, practicality, adaption, integration, expansion, and limited efficacy.

Results: Overall, participants responded positively to the intervention and believed that it would be useful to young people with SCI and parents/caregivers. Two areas of Bowen et al.'s framework, implementation and integration, require further consideration in terms of how to embed the intervention into the current transition process.

Conclusion: This study found the HCT intervention to be an innovative approach to support young people with SCI and their parent/caregivers that demonstrates promise in the areas of feasibility and acceptability.

部分由于医疗并发症,与没有残疾的同龄人相比,患有儿童脊髓损伤(SCI)的成年人对生活不满的风险更高,对身体健康的感知也更低。为了支持预防医疗并发症,患有SCI的年轻人必须成功地过渡到成人医疗保健。医疗保健过渡(HCT)干预措施可以支持患有慢性病的年轻人转向成人医疗保健。评估与SCI年轻人和父母/照顾者共同签署的基于网络的HCT干预的可行性和可接受性。对患有SCI的年轻人以及从儿科医疗向成人医疗过渡或正在准备过渡的父母/护理人员进行了半结构化的在线个人访谈。还对卫生保健专业人员进行了访谈。访谈采用演绎和归纳相结合的定性内容分析过程进行分析。使用Bowen及其同事的框架来衡量可行性和可接受性,该框架包括八个重点领域:可接受性、需求、实施、实用性、适应性、整合、扩展和有限疗效。总体而言,参与者对干预措施反应积极,并认为这对患有脊髓损伤的年轻人和父母/照顾者有用。Bowen等人的框架的两个领域,实施和整合,需要进一步考虑如何将干预嵌入当前的过渡过程。这项研究发现,HCT干预是一种创新的方法,可以支持患有SCI的年轻人及其父母/照顾者,在可行性和可接受性方面显示出前景。
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引用次数: 0
The Use of a Single-Time Sit-To-Stand Test in Ambulatory Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury by Primary Health Care Providers. 初级医疗保健提供者在脊髓损伤患者中使用单次坐立测试的情况。
IF 2.9 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.46292/sci22-00021
Sugalya Amatachaya, Lalita Khuna, Pipatana Amatachaya, Arpassanan Wiyanad

Background: The uncertain health care situations, such as that created by the COVID-19 pandemic, has limited hospital access and facilitated a paradigm shift in health care toward an increased demand for standard home visits and community-based rehabilitation services, including by ambulatory individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Objectives: This 6-month prospective study explored the validity and reliability of a single-time sit-to-stand (STSTS) test when used by primary health care (PHC) providers, including a village health volunteer, caregiver, individual with SCI, and health professional.

Methods: Eighty-two participants were assessed for the STSTS using four arm placement conditions (arms on a walking device, arms on knees, arms free by the sides, and arms crossed over the chest) and standard measures, with prospective fall data follow-up over 6 months. Thirty participants involved in the reliability study were also assessed and reassessed for the ability to complete the STSTS conditions by PHC providers.

Results: Outcomes of the STSTS test, except the condition with arms on a walking device, could significantly discriminate lower extremity muscle strength (LEMS) and mobility of the participants (rpb = -0.58 to 0.69) with moderate concurrent validity. Outcomes of the tests without using the arms also showed moderate to almost-perfect reliability (kappa = 0.754-1.000) when assessed by PHC raters.

Conclusion: The findings suggest the use of an STSTS with arms free by the sides as a standard practical measure by PHC providers to reflect LEMS and mobility of ambulatory individuals with SCI in various clinical, community, and home-based settings.

背景:COVID-19大流行病等不确定的医疗状况限制了医院的就诊机会,促进了医疗模式的转变,对标准家访和社区康复服务的需求增加,其中包括脊髓损伤(SCI)患者:这项为期 6 个月的前瞻性研究探讨了单次坐立测试(STSTS)在初级卫生保健(PHC)提供者(包括乡村卫生志愿者、护理人员、SCI 患者和卫生专业人员)使用时的有效性和可靠性:对 82 名参与者进行了 STSTS 评估,采用了四种手臂摆放条件(手臂放在行走装置上、手臂放在膝盖上、手臂放在身体两侧、手臂交叉放在胸前)和标准测量方法,并对 6 个月内的跌倒数据进行了前瞻性跟踪。参与可靠性研究的 30 名参与者还接受了初级保健服务提供者对其完成 STSTS 条件能力的评估和重新评估:结果:STSTS测试的结果,除了双臂放在行走装置上的条件外,都能显著区分参与者的下肢肌力(LEMS)和活动能力(rpb = -0.58至0.69),具有中等并发效度。在不使用双臂的情况下,由初级保健中心评分员评估的测试结果也显示出中等至几乎完美的可靠性(kappa = 0.754-1.000):研究结果表明,公共卫生服务提供者可以将两臂靠两侧活动的STSTS作为一种标准的实用测量方法,以反映在各种临床、社区和家庭环境中行走自如的SCI患者的LEMS和活动能力。
{"title":"The Use of a Single-Time Sit-To-Stand Test in Ambulatory Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury by Primary Health Care Providers.","authors":"Sugalya Amatachaya, Lalita Khuna, Pipatana Amatachaya, Arpassanan Wiyanad","doi":"10.46292/sci22-00021","DOIUrl":"10.46292/sci22-00021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The uncertain health care situations, such as that created by the COVID-19 pandemic, has limited hospital access and facilitated a paradigm shift in health care toward an increased demand for standard home visits and community-based rehabilitation services, including by ambulatory individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This 6-month prospective study explored the validity and reliability of a single-time sit-to-stand (STSTS) test when used by primary health care (PHC) providers, including a village health volunteer, caregiver, individual with SCI, and health professional.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-two participants were assessed for the STSTS using four arm placement conditions (arms on a walking device, arms on knees, arms free by the sides, and arms crossed over the chest) and standard measures, with prospective fall data follow-up over 6 months. Thirty participants involved in the reliability study were also assessed and reassessed for the ability to complete the STSTS conditions by PHC providers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Outcomes of the STSTS test, except the condition with arms on a walking device, could significantly discriminate lower extremity muscle strength (LEMS) and mobility of the participants (r<sub>pb</sub> = -0.58 to 0.69) with moderate concurrent validity. Outcomes of the tests without using the arms also showed moderate to almost-perfect reliability (kappa = 0.754-1.000) when assessed by PHC raters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest the use of an STSTS with arms free by the sides as a standard practical measure by PHC providers to reflect LEMS and mobility of ambulatory individuals with SCI in various clinical, community, and home-based settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":46769,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10208258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9532910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exercises With Optimal Scapulothoracic Muscle Activation for Individuals With Paraplegia. 针对截瘫患者的肩胛胸肌最佳激活运动。
IF 2.9 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.46292/sci21-00059
Linda M Riek, Amy Aronson, Kacie Giust, Samantha Putnam, Hannah Froese, Sean Rutherford, Mary Kathryn White

Background: Individuals with paraplegia and coexisting trunk and postural control deficits rely on their upper extremities for function, which increases the risk of shoulder pain. A multifactorial etiology of shoulder pain includes "impingement" of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, long head of the biceps tendons, and/or subacromial bursa resulting from anatomic abnormalities, intratendinous degeneration, and altered scapulothoracic kinematics and muscle activation. Targeting serratus anterior (SA) and lower trapezius (LT) activation during exercise, as part of a comprehensive plan, minimizes impingement risk by maintaining optimal shoulder alignment and kinematics during functional activities. To prevent excessive scapular upward translation, minimizing upper trapezius (UT) to SA and LT activation is also important.

Objectives: To determine which exercises (1) maximally activate SA and minimize UT:SA ratio and (2) maximally activate LT and minimize UT:LT ratio.

Methods: Kinematic and muscle activation data were captured from 10 individuals with paraplegia during four exercises: "T," scaption (sitting), dynamic hug, and SA punch (supine). Means and ratios were normalized by percent maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) for each muscle. One-way repeated measures analysis of variance determined significant differences in muscle activation between exercises.

Results: Exercises were rank ordered: (1) maximum SA activation: SA punch, scaption, dynamic hug, "T"; (2) maximum LT activation: "T," scaption, dynamic hug, SA punch; 3) minimum UT:SA ratio: SA punch, dynamic hug, scaption, "T"; and (4) minimum UT:LT ratio: SA punch, dynamic hug, "T," scaption. Exercise elicited statistically significant changes in percent MVIC and ratios. Post hoc analyses revealed multiple significant differences between exercises (p < .05).

Conclusion: SA punch produced the greatest SA activation and lowest ratios. Dynamic hug also produced optimal ratios, suggesting supine exercises minimize UT activation more effectively. To isolate SA activation, individuals with impaired trunk control may want to initiate strengthening exercises in supine. Participants maximally activated the LT, but they were not able to minimize UT while upright.

背景:截瘫患者同时伴有躯干和姿势控制障碍,其功能依赖于上肢,这增加了肩部疼痛的风险。肩部疼痛的多因素病因包括冈上肌腱、冈下肌腱、肱二头肌长头肌腱和/或肩峰下滑囊的 "撞击",这些 "撞击 "是由解剖异常、肌腱内变性以及肩胛胸运动学和肌肉激活的改变造成的。作为综合计划的一部分,在锻炼过程中针对前锯肌和斜方肌下部进行激活,可在功能活动中保持最佳的肩关节排列和运动学,从而将撞击风险降至最低。为了防止肩胛骨过度上移,最大限度地减少斜方肌上部(UT)对斜方肌上部和斜方肌下部的激活也很重要:目的:确定哪些练习(1)能最大限度地激活 SA 并最大限度地降低 UT:SA 比率;(2)能最大限度地激活 LT 并最大限度地降低 UT:LT 比率:方法:采集 10 名截瘫患者在四种练习中的运动学和肌肉激活数据:方法:采集了 10 名截瘫患者在四种运动中的运动学和肌肉激活数据:"T"、肩胛(坐位)、动态拥抱和 SA 冲拳(仰卧位)。平均值和比率按每块肌肉的最大自主等长收缩百分比(MVIC)进行归一化。单向重复测量方差分析确定了不同练习之间肌肉激活的显著差异:结果:练习按以下顺序排列:(1) 最大 SA 激活:T"、肩胛、动态拥抱、SA 冲拳;(3) 最小 UT:SA 比值:3) 最小 UT:SA 比率:SA 冲拳、动态拥抱、猛击、"T";以及 (4) 最小 UT:LT 比率:SA 冲拳、动态拥抱、"T":SA冲拳、动态拥抱、"T"、肩胛。运动引起了 MVIC 百分比和比率的显著统计学变化。事后分析显示,不同运动之间存在多个显著差异(P < .05):结论:SA 冲拳产生最大的 SA 激活和最低的比率。动态拥抱也产生了最佳比率,这表明仰卧练习能更有效地减少UT激活。为了隔离SA激活,躯干控制能力受损的人可能需要在仰卧状态下开始加强练习。参与者最大限度地激活了LT,但他们无法在直立时最大限度地减少UT。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation
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