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New pathways to crisis resilience: solutions for improved digital connectivity and capability in rural Australia 危机恢复能力的新途径:改善澳大利亚农村数字连接和能力的解决方案
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1177/1329878X231183292
Amber Marshall, Carrie-Ann Wilson, A. Dale
Despite recent investments in telecommunications infrastructure in regional Australia, a digital divide remains between rural and urban communities. The impacts of comparatively limited digital connectivity in rural Australia include fewer opportunities for economic participation, difficulty accessing health and educational services, and challenges responding to crisis events such as natual disasters and the COVID-19 pandemic. There is an acute need for improved access to robust mobile and broadband services before, during and after crises in rural Australia. This article presents solutions for improved digital connectivity and digital capability in Far North Queensland, founded in a project that brought together researchers, business owners, councils, development organisations, technical experts and service providers to collaboratively identify and define telecommunications challenges related to a catastrophic flood in 2019. The research supports telecommunications providers, state and local governments, and community development organisations working together to collaboratively invest in technical and social solutions that enable rural communities to achieve greater crisis resilience.
尽管最近在澳大利亚地区进行了电信基础设施投资,但农村和城市社区之间仍然存在数字鸿沟。在澳大利亚农村,数字连接相对有限的影响包括:参与经济的机会较少,难以获得医疗和教育服务,以及应对自然灾害和COVID-19大流行等危机事件的挑战。在澳大利亚农村危机之前、期间和之后,迫切需要改善对强大的移动和宽带服务的访问。本文介绍了改善远北昆士兰数字连接和数字能力的解决方案,该解决方案是在一个项目中建立的,该项目汇集了研究人员、企业主、理事会、发展组织、技术专家和服务提供商,共同确定和定义与2019年灾难性洪水相关的电信挑战。这项研究支持电信供应商、州和地方政府以及社区发展组织共同努力,共同投资于技术和社会解决方案,使农村社区能够实现更大的危机复原力。
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引用次数: 0
‘Te Taonga – a significant contribution to the Māori screen industry’: Profiling Desray Armstrong, contemporary New Zealand film producer “the Taonga——对Māori电影工业的重大贡献”:介绍新西兰当代电影制片人Desray Armstrong
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x231183283
Tom Boniface-Webb
Desray Armstrong is one of the most prolific producers working in the Aotearoa New Zealand screen industry. As a wahine (woman/female) Māori, Armstrong's presence counters the traditional domination of white male screen professionals, yet her aim is to support writers and directors from all backgrounds who have a story to tell. Beginning as a production manager, she worked her way up over a career spanning twenty years, and in December 2021 the New Zealand Film Commission (NZFC) awarded her the Māori Screen Excellence Award. However, Armstrong gained her first producer credit only after employing a non-traditional financing model for the artistically ambitious Stray, which was considered outside the remit of the more commercially minded NZFC. Since Stray, and with the support of the NZFC, she has produced films that are challenging and topical, including the noir thriller Coming Home in the Dark, the family saga Juniper and the social media satire Millie Lies Low. This article demonstrates how the onerous public film funding model in New Zealand and the wider market can affect the ability of filmmakers to tell stories that sit outside the narratives acceptable to New Zealand's pākehā-dominated culture. It exposes the mismatch between Armstrong's view that her work is seen by some, as pākehā focussed and the NZFC's idea of the ‘Māori screen industry’. It concludes that despite the drive toward a more accessible industry, led by the NZFC, filmmakers like Armstrong challenge traditional views about how New Zealand should be represented on screen, choosing to position the story and the storyteller as the chief focus, and not where the story originates from.
Desray Armstrong是新西兰银幕行业中最多产的制片人之一。作为一名wahine(女性/女性)Māori,阿姆斯特朗的出现对抗了白人男性荧幕专业人士的传统统治,但她的目的是支持各种背景的作家和导演,他们都有故事要讲。从制作经理开始,她在20年的职业生涯中不断努力,并于2021年12月被新西兰电影委员会(NZFC)授予Māori银幕优秀奖。然而,阿姆斯特朗是在为雄心勃勃的艺术作品《迷失》(Stray)采用非传统融资模式之后才获得了她的第一个制片人身份的,这部电影被认为超出了更具商业头脑的NZFC的范围。自从《迷失》之后,在新西兰电影协会的支持下,她制作了一些具有挑战性和话题性的电影,包括黑色惊悚片《黑暗中回家》、家庭传奇《朱尼珀》和社交媒体讽刺片《米莉·Lies Low》。本文展示了新西兰和更广泛的市场中繁重的公共电影资助模式如何影响电影制作人讲述新西兰pākehā-dominated文化可接受的叙事之外的故事的能力。这暴露了阿姆斯特朗的观点(她的工作被一些人视为pākehā专注)与NZFC的“Māori屏幕产业”理念之间的不匹配。报告的结论是,尽管在NZFC的领导下,新西兰正在朝着一个更容易接近的行业发展,但像阿姆斯特朗这样的电影制作人挑战了关于新西兰应该如何在银幕上表现出来的传统观点,他们选择将故事和讲故事的人定位为主要焦点,而不是故事的起源。
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引用次数: 0
Communication research and teaching: the Australian Communication Association at 40 years 传播研究与教学:澳大利亚传播协会40年历程
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.1177/1329878X231177837
Steven Maras, David Nolan, G. Goggin, K. Fitch, D. Bossio, J. Hutchinson, Stephanie Brookes, J. Freeman
This article presents responses from a range of Australian scholars on communication research and teaching in the context of a roundtable in celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Australian Communication Association (ACA), the precursor organisation to the Australian and New Zealand Communication Association (ANZCA). Emphasising the range and diversity of approaches and epistemologies in this field, the roundtable invited a ‘situated’ response to questions considering scholarship, frameworks, and theoretical perspectives useful in thinking through the near and mid-term challenges facing the area. Emerging from the exercise is a snapshot of different agendas for research and teaching, many of them future-oriented and reformist in their emphasis on responsible practice and social change.
本文介绍了在庆祝澳大利亚传播协会(ACA)成立40周年的圆桌会议背景下,一系列澳大利亚学者对传播研究和教学的回应,该协会是澳大利亚和新西兰传播协会(ANZCA)的前身。圆桌会议强调了该领域方法和认识论的范围和多样性,并邀请与会者对有关学术、框架和理论观点的问题进行“情境”回应,这些观点有助于思考该领域面临的近期和中期挑战。从实践中浮现出不同的研究和教学议程的快照,其中许多是面向未来的,强调负责任的实践和社会变革的改革主义。
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引用次数: 0
A ‘Humanitarian Disaster’ or a ‘Liberation Struggle’: A comparative analysis of the coverages of The Independent and The New York Times of the 2016 and the 2017 military operations in Aleppo and Al-Raqqa “人道主义灾难”还是“解放斗争”:《独立报》和《纽约时报》对2016年和2017年阿勒颇和拉卡军事行动报道的比较分析
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x231179283
A. Rabea
This article explores the coverage by The Independent and The New York Times of the 2016 and the 2017 military operations in Aleppo and Al-Raqqa. It highlights the uneven reporting on the humanitarian crisis in the two cities. The analysis shows that the similarities in the coverage of the two newspapers were greater than the differences. The New York Times and The Independent (to a lesser extent) espoused a pro-US narrative of the Syrian conflict by framing Aleppo as a humanitarian ‘catastrophe’ and Al-Raqqa as a ‘liberation’ struggle. Biases were constructed out of several elements including (1) the dominance of US sources and selective use of UN and NGO sources; (2) the use of visual content quantitatively and qualitatively; (3) the use of graphic and emotive terms; (4) focus on the humanitarian crisis in Aleppo and the military operations in Al-Raqqa.
本文探讨了《独立报》和《纽约时报》对2016年和2017年阿勒颇和拉卡军事行动的报道。这凸显了对这两个城市人道主义危机的报道参差不齐。分析表明,两份报纸在报道上的相似之处大于差异。《纽约时报》和《独立报》(在较小程度上)支持对叙利亚冲突的亲美叙事,将阿勒颇描述为人道主义的“灾难”,将拉卡描述为一场“解放”斗争。偏见是由以下几个因素构成的:(1)美国来源的主导地位和对联合国和非政府组织来源的选择性使用;(2)定量和定性地使用视觉内容;(3)使用图形和情感术语;(4)关注阿勒颇的人道主义危机和拉卡的军事行动。
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引用次数: 0
Broadcaster video-on-demand in Australia: Platforms, policy and local content 澳大利亚广播公司视频点播:平台、政策和本地内容
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-29 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x231177122
Alexa Scarlata, R. Lobato
Over the last decade Australia's free-to-air commercial networks Seven, Nine and Ten have undergone a protracted digital transformation with the development of their online, ad-supported broadcaster video-on-demand (BVOD) platforms 7Plus, 9Now, and 10Play. The present article considers some of the questions these commercial BVODs raise for television policy in Australia, with specific reference to local content regulation. Through content audits of 7Plus, 9Now and 10Play, we assess the localism of the BVODs’ catalogues in terms of the availability and discoverability of Australian titles. We find that these BVOD services – which are not presently regulated for local content – are less local in their programming than the networks’ free-to-air linear channels, but are more local than competing subscription video-on-demand services such as Netflix and Prime Video. We also reflect on how the networks position themselves in the newly expanded Australian television market, and how they reconcile their historical status as protected national broadcast institutions with their newer status as ‘just another app’ in the streaming ecosystem.
在过去的十年里,澳大利亚的免费商业网络Seven、Nine和Ten经历了漫长的数字化转型,发展了在线、广告支持的广播视频点播(BVOD)平台7Plus、9Now和10Play。本文考虑了这些商业bvod对澳大利亚电视政策提出的一些问题,并特别提到了当地的内容监管。通过对7Plus, 9Now和10Play的内容审计,我们评估了bvod目录在澳大利亚标题的可用性和可发现性方面的本地化。我们发现,这些BVOD服务——目前还没有针对本地内容进行监管——在节目编排方面不如网络的免费线性频道本地化,但比Netflix和Prime Video等竞争性订阅视频点播服务更本地化。我们还反思了网络如何在新扩展的澳大利亚电视市场中定位自己,以及他们如何调和其作为受保护的国家广播机构的历史地位与他们在流媒体生态系统中“只是另一个应用程序”的新地位。
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引用次数: 0
Journalism unions and digital platform regulation: a critical discourse analysis of submissions to Australia's News Media Bargaining Code 新闻工会与数字平台监管:对提交给澳大利亚新闻媒体议价准则的批评性话语分析
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x231176583
T. Neilson, KB Heylen
Journalism unions are among the chorus of voices advocating for digital platform regulation. Yet, despite the documented impacts of platformisation on working conditions and labour markets, few of the recent inquiries into platform power have addressed the impacts of platforms on labour. In this article, we ask: what is the role of labour unions in shaping digital platform regulation? As our case study, we analysed how Australia's journalism union (the MEAA) articulated the interests of news workers in submissions to the Digital Platform Inquiry and the resulting News Media Bargaining Code. Through a critical discourse analysis of the union's submissions, we found that the MEAA's lobbying efforts championed the interests of freelancers, advocated for a more inclusive Code, and sought guarantees that the revenue it generated would be used to pay for content creation. The MEAA used a range of discursive strategies, including seizing on ambiguity surrounding the definition of the policy problem and key actors. For the most part, the submissions aligned the union with the regulator, state and media companies in pursuit of platform regulation. However, the competing interests among this advocacy coalition became increasingly clear in the later stages of the policy-making process. Ultimately, the union's strategies were constrained by the hegemony of market-centric discourses that framed the inquiry and shaped the policy outcomes.
新闻工会是倡导数字平台监管的呼声之一。然而,尽管记录了平台化对工作条件和劳动力市场的影响,但最近关于平台权力的调查很少涉及平台对劳动力的影响。在本文中,我们的问题是:工会在塑造数字平台监管方面的作用是什么?作为我们的案例研究,我们分析了澳大利亚新闻工会(MEAA)如何在提交给数字平台调查和由此产生的新闻媒体议价准则时阐明新闻工作者的利益。通过对工会提交的文件的批判性话语分析,我们发现MEAA的游说努力捍卫了自由职业者的利益,主张制定一个更具包容性的准则,并寻求保证其产生的收入将用于支付内容创作。MEAA使用了一系列话语策略,包括抓住围绕政策问题和关键行为者定义的模糊性。在大多数情况下,这些意见书使工会与监管机构、国家和媒体公司在平台监管方面保持一致。然而,在政策制定的后期,这些倡导联盟之间的利益竞争日益明显。最终,欧盟的战略受到以市场为中心的霸权话语的制约,这些话语框定了调查,塑造了政策结果。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring health misinformation on WhatsApp within the African migrant and refugee community in Southeast Queensland (SEQ) 在昆士兰东南部非洲移民和难民社区中探索WhatsApp上的健康错误信息(SEQ)
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1177/1329878X231177836
S. Coulibaly
Health misinformation, a major public health challenge, is increasingly spread through social networking sites such as WhatsApp which is popular among culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities including the African migrant and refugee community, a relatively disadvantaged minority in Australia. Knowledge remains limited about how health misinformation spread occurs through WhatsApp in this community. The present study explored the mechanism of health misinformation circulation on WhatsApp, and the ways members of the African community in Southeast Queensland (SEQ) respond to it. Findings include a technological aspect of WhatsApp, especially technological affordances that facilitate health misinformation spread with features such as sharing and forwarding buttons. Also, at a user or an individual level, trust in significant others favour the reception and sharing of unverified health information to WhatsApp contacts and group members. Although WhatsApp group members, especially leaders usually set up rules to moderate content including health misinformation to primarily preserve harmony in groups, lack of or suboptimal content moderation on WhatsApp exacerbates its spread among community members whose responses vary. Responses include fear and mistrust which could confuse them and hinder acceptance and compliance to public health measures from credible sources such as governments. Therefore, it is essential that public health stakeholders acknowledge and foster information-sharing culture on WhatsApp in the African community. They should also raise awareness among community members and train them on how to deal with health misinformation. The training could focus on reducing negative individual and social influences by improving literacy and self-efficacy in detecting health misinformation and decreasing echo chamber effects. Additionally, the training could emphasise health misinformation management on WhatsApp by leveraging African community leaders’ gatekeeping role and involving them in content moderation.
健康方面的错误信息是一项重大的公共卫生挑战,越来越多地通过WhatsApp等社交网站传播,WhatsApp在文化和语言多样化(CALD)社区(包括非洲移民和难民社区)中很受欢迎,这是澳大利亚相对弱势的少数群体。关于如何通过WhatsApp在这个社区传播健康错误信息的知识仍然有限。本研究探讨了WhatsApp上健康错误信息传播的机制,以及东南昆士兰(SEQ)非洲社区成员对此的反应方式。研究结果包括WhatsApp的技术方面,特别是通过分享和转发按钮等功能促进健康错误信息传播的技术支持。此外,在用户或个人层面,对重要他人的信任倾向于接受未经验证的健康信息,并将其分享给WhatsApp的联系人和群组成员。尽管WhatsApp群组成员,尤其是领导者通常会制定规则来缓和包括健康错误信息在内的内容,以主要维护群组内的和谐,但WhatsApp缺乏或不理想的内容管控加剧了其在社区成员之间的传播,而社区成员的反应各不相同。反应包括恐惧和不信任,这可能使他们感到困惑,并阻碍政府等可靠来源接受和遵守公共卫生措施。因此,公共卫生利益攸关方必须承认并促进非洲社区在WhatsApp上分享信息的文化。它们还应提高社区成员的认识,并培训他们如何处理卫生错误信息。培训可侧重于通过提高识字率和自我效能来发现健康错误信息和减少回音室效应,从而减少对个人和社会的负面影响。此外,培训可以利用非洲社区领导人的把关作用,让他们参与内容审核,从而强调WhatsApp上的健康错误信息管理。
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引用次数: 0
Ethnic Media, Diversity and Settlement: A Qualitative Study 民族媒介、多样性与定居:一个质的研究
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x231176584
John Budarick
This article examines the role of migrant media and communication in the long- and short-term settlement experiences of migrants through interviews with community leaders from seven migrant communities in South Australia. Bringing together literature on ethnic media and migrant settlement, multiple, interacting and overlapping forms of communication are incorporated into the analysis. These including traditional ethnic media, digital media and face-to-face communication. It is argued that the role of communication is best understood when migrants are taken as active ‘achievers and consumers’ who still face challenges to settlement. The results show the importance of migrant-controlled communication in providing a granular and tailored approach in which migrants are able to shape and determine the communication forms that best serve their needs. However, the paper also demonstrates the impact internal differences have on experiences of communication.
本文通过采访南澳大利亚七个移民社区的社区领导人,考察了移民媒体和传播在移民长期和短期定居经历中的作用。结合民族媒介与移民定居的相关文献,将多元、互动、重叠的传播形式纳入分析。其中包括传统民族媒体、数字媒体和面对面交流。有人认为,当移民被视为仍然面临定居挑战的积极的“成就者和消费者”时,沟通的作用才能得到最好的理解。研究结果表明,移民控制的沟通在提供一种细粒度和量身定制的方法方面的重要性,在这种方法中,移民能够塑造和确定最能满足他们需求的沟通形式。然而,本文也论证了内部差异对交际体验的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Nationalism on the Internet: Critical Theory and Ideology in the Age of Social Media and Fake News by Christian Fuchs 《互联网上的民族主义:社交媒体与假新闻时代的批判理论与意识形态》作者:Christian Fuchs
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x231167888
Benjamin Hunt Pollock
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Challenges of Reporting Africa for an International Audience by Levi Obijiofor & Richard Murray 《书评:为国际观众报道非洲的挑战》列维·奥比加福和理查德·默里著
IF 2.4 3区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-02 DOI: 10.1177/1329878x231167889
S. Franks
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引用次数: 0
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Media International Australia
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