European Review of Applied Psychology-Revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee最新文献_第5页

Analyzing protective factors for adolescents’ mental health during COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: A longitudinal study 西班牙COVID-19大流行期间青少年心理健康保护因素分析:一项纵向研究

IF 1 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

European Review of Applied Psychology-Revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2022.100847

Usue De la Barrera , Konstanze Schoeps , Estefanía Mónaco , José Antonio Gil-Gómez , Inmaculada Montoya-Castilla

Objective

This study examined the protective role of self-esteem and perceived emotional intelligence on mental health problems in Spanish adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic.

Method

Participants (N = 139; M_age = 13.83 years; SD = 0.96; 63.8% female) completed measures before the outbreak of COVID-19 (T1) and during the first wave of the pandemic in Spain (T2). Participants self-reported emotional intelligence, self-esteem, mental health problems and suicidal behavior.

Results

Adolescent mental health problems were equally affected by COVID-19 pandemic according to gender, age and lockdown conditions. Adolescents with low levels of emotional intelligence and self-esteem at T1 showed a significant decrease in self-reported anxiety, depression, stress and suicidal behavior at T2. However, adolescents with average or high levels of emotional intelligence and self-esteem at T1 showed no significant changes in mental health problems at T2. Self-esteem at T1 meditated the relationships between emotional intelligence at T1 (clarity and repair) and emotional symptoms at T2 (depression, anxiety and stress). Furthermore, the relationship between self-esteem and anxiety symptoms was moderated by the number of people living together during COVID-19 lockdown.

Conclusion

Our findings highlight the protective role of pre-pandemic development of self-esteem and emotional intelligence in mitigating the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on adolescent mental health during the pandemic.

目的探讨自尊和情绪智力对新冠肺炎大流行期间西班牙青少年心理健康问题的保护作用。方法参与者(N = 139;法师= 13.83岁;sd = 0.96;(63.8%)女性)在2019冠状病毒病暴发前(T1)和西班牙大流行第一波期间(T2)完成了措施。参与者自我报告了情商、自尊、心理健康问题和自杀行为。结果不同性别、年龄和封锁条件对青少年心理健康问题的影响相同。在T1时情绪智力和自尊水平较低的青少年在T2时自我报告的焦虑、抑郁、压力和自杀行为显著减少。然而，在第一阶段情绪智力和自尊水平处于中等或较高水平的青少年在第二阶段的心理健康问题没有显著变化。T1阶段的自尊可以调节T1阶段的情绪智力(清晰和修复)与T2阶段的情绪症状(抑郁、焦虑和压力)之间的关系。此外，在COVID-19封锁期间，住在一起的人数缓和了自尊和焦虑症状之间的关系。结论大流行前自尊和情绪智力的发展对减轻疫情对青少年心理健康的影响具有保护作用。

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引用次数: 0

Parenting styles contributes to overt aggression, but age and gender matters 父母的教养方式会导致明显的攻击性，但年龄和性别也有影响

IF 1 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

European Review of Applied Psychology-Revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2022.100852

Juliet Nwufo, John E. Eze, JohnBosco Chukwuorji, Charles T. Orjiakor, Chuka M. Ifeagwazi

Background

Evidence from Euro-American and Eastern cultures suggest that parenting practices are linked to diverse problems, including aggression in youths. Findings from the sub-Saharan region rarely contribute to this debate.

Method

We examined the contributions of Baumrind's parenting style typology to overt aggression among Nigerian adolescents. Adolescents (n = 261) completed measures of parenting styles and overt aggression.

Results

Results revealed that males were more overtly aggressive compared to females. Parenting styles were weakly related to overt aggression in adolescents. Girls who received authoritative parenting styles were the only group noticed to have a decline in overt aggression especially as they grew older. Boys who received authoritative parenting as well as boys and girls who received both authoritarian and permissive parenting reported sustained heightened levels of overt aggression even as they grew older.

Conclusion

Parenting outcomes differ between gender and that authoritative parenting training could help reduce overt aggression among adolescent girls.

来自欧美和东方文化的证据表明，父母的做法与各种各样的问题有关，包括青少年的攻击性。撒哈拉以南地区的调查结果很少有助于这一辩论。方法探讨了鲍姆林德教养方式类型对尼日利亚青少年公开攻击行为的影响。青少年(n = 261)完成了父母教养方式和显性攻击的测量。结果男性的攻击性明显高于女性。父母教养方式与青少年的显性攻击性关系不明显。受到权威型父母教育的女孩是唯一一组明显攻击性下降的女孩，尤其是随着年龄的增长。接受权威型教育的男孩，以及同时接受权威型和宽容型教育的男孩和女孩，即使随着年龄的增长，公开的攻击性水平也会持续提高。结论父母教养结果存在性别差异，权威教养训练有助于减少青春期女孩的显性攻击行为。

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引用次数: 1

Retraction notice to “Predicting factors influencing perceived online learning experience among primary students utilizing structural equation modeling forest classifier approach” [ERAP 73 (2023) 100868] 利用结构方程建模森林分类器方法预测小学生在线学习体验感知的影响因素》撤稿通知[ERAP 73 (2023) 100868]

IF 1 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

European Review of Applied Psychology-Revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2023.100943

Yoshiki B. Kurata , Ardvin Kester S. Ong , Jairus J. Joyosa , Makkie John Prince S. Santos

引用次数: 0

Social and emotional adjustment, post-traumatic stress disorder, and representations of family relationships: The effects of intimate partner violence on very young children 社会和情绪调整、创伤后应激障碍和家庭关系表征：亲密伴侣暴力对幼儿的影响

IF 1 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

European Review of Applied Psychology-Revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2023.100904

O. Paul

Introduction

Pregnancy and the birth of a child are times of great vulnerability that can disrupt the couple and sometimes trigger violence.

Objective

This study sets out to examine how a child's exposure to intimate partner violence at a very young age can impact their development and adjustment, and more specifically, to highlight the social, emotional, traumatic and family consequences for children exposed to intimate partner violence in early or late childhood.

Method

Our sample comprised 46 children aged between 5 and 12. The following measurement tools were used: SAGA (Systemic Analysis of Group Affiliation) test (Compagnone, 2009) for family cohesion representations, CBCL (Child Behavior Checklist) (Achenbach, 1991) for social and emotional adjustment, and TSCC (Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children) (Briere, 1989) for post-traumatic stress.

Results

Results indicate that children exposed to intimate partner violence at an early age are the most likely to present symptoms of anxiety and depression.

Conclusion

The representation of the cohesiveness of the mother–child relationship plays a moderating role between the onset of intimate partner violence and the externalized adjustment displayed by the children. This leads us to posit that a poor cohesive mother–child relationship is a risk factor for the child's adjustment.

怀孕和生孩子是非常脆弱的时期，这可能会破坏夫妻关系，有时还会引发暴力。本研究旨在研究儿童在很小的时候遭受亲密伴侣暴力会如何影响他们的发展和适应，更具体地说，是为了突出儿童在童年早期或晚期遭受亲密伴侣暴力的社会、情感、创伤和家庭后果。方法选取年龄在5 ~ 12岁的儿童46例。使用了以下测量工具:SAGA(群体隶属关系系统分析)测试(Compagnone, 2009)用于家庭凝聚力表征，CBCL(儿童行为检查表)(Achenbach, 1991)用于社会和情绪适应，TSCC(儿童创伤症状检查表)(Briere, 1989)用于创伤后应激。结果研究结果表明，早期遭受亲密伴侣暴力的儿童最有可能出现焦虑和抑郁症状。结论母子关系的凝聚力表征在亲密伴侣暴力发生与儿童外化适应表现之间起调节作用。这导致我们假设，凝聚力差的母子关系是儿童适应的风险因素。

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引用次数: 1

The Kusa manga, a secondary prevention program for cannabis use in adolescence based on emotional regulation: Preliminary data Kusa manga，一个基于情绪调节的青少年大麻使用二级预防项目:初步数据

IF 1 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

European Review of Applied Psychology-Revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2023.100902

Céline Bonnaire Pr , Alexandre Har , Zéphyr Serehen , Olivier Phan

Introduction

France is one of the European countries with the highest prevalence of cannabis use, particularly in adolescence. Emotional regulation (ER) is one of the major risk factor in the etiology and the maintenance of cannabis use disorder and therefore is a key target for prevention programs.

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and the impact of a prevention program focusing on ER (especially on various emotional skills like awareness, emotional clarity and reactivity, ER strategies, and the level of emotional awareness) and on cannabis use among adolescents from various institutions.

Method

In total, 87 adolescents from various institutions were included. ER was assessed by the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, the Emotion Reactivity Scale and the Adolescent Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale; cannabis use was assess by the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST). All participants were assess before preventive intervention (T0) and four months after the end of the program (T1).

Results

Between T0 and T1, for all participants, there was an increase of emotional awareness, a decrease of emotional sensitivity, intensity and persistence, and an increase of the level of emotional awareness (total, self and others). There was no significant difference between T0 and T1 in CAST scores.

Conclusions

The prevention program showed encouraging results with a vulnerable group of adolescents in institutional care, particularly those from the Child Social Care (Aide sociale à l’enfance) and Child Forensic Institution (Protection judiciaire de la jeunesse) by showing an effect on different components of ER but not directly on cannabis use.

法国是大麻使用率最高的欧洲国家之一，尤其是在青少年中。情绪调节(ER)是大麻使用障碍病因和维持的主要危险因素之一，因此是预防计划的关键目标。本研究旨在评估一项预防计划的可行性和影响，该计划侧重于急诊室(特别是各种情绪技能，如意识、情绪清晰度和反应性、急诊室策略和情绪意识水平)和来自不同机构的青少年的大麻使用。方法共纳入87名来自不同机构的青少年。采用情绪调节问卷、情绪调节困难量表、情绪反应量表和青少年情绪意识水平量表对青少年的情绪反应能力进行评估;大麻使用情况通过大麻滥用筛选试验(CAST)进行评估。在预防干预前(T0)和项目结束后4个月(T1)对所有参与者进行评估。结果在T0 ~ T1期间，所有参与者的情绪意识都有所增加，情绪敏感性、强度和持久性有所下降，情绪意识(总体、自我和他人)水平有所提高。T0与T1的CAST评分差异无统计学意义。结论:预防方案在机构护理中的弱势青少年群体中显示出令人鼓舞的结果，特别是那些来自儿童社会护理机构(Aide sociale l’enance)和儿童法医机构(Protection judiciaire de la jeunesse)的青少年，显示出对ER的不同成分有影响，但对大麻使用没有直接影响。

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引用次数: 0

Predicting factors influencing perceived online learning experience among primary students utilizing structural equation modeling Forest Classifier approach 利用结构方程模型森林分类器方法预测小学生在线学习体验感知的影响因素

IF 1 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

European Review of Applied Psychology-Revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2023.100868

Yoshiki B. Kurata , Ardvin Kester S. Ong , Jairus J. Joyosa , Makkie John Prince S. Santos

Introduction

Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the temporary closure of educational institutions led to the adoption of remote or online learning delivery. Challenges, especially for grade schools were evident.

Objective

This study aimed to identify factors affecting the perceived online discussion experience of Filipino primary students through distance learning in the National Capital Region, Philippines.

Method

Variables such as cognitive presence, teaching presence, social presence, and online discussion experience were investigated simultaneously by utilizing the structural equation modeling (SEM) and random forest classifier (RFC) approach. A total of 385 currently enrolled Filipino grade school student participants were surveyed.

Results

Results show that cognitive presence has the most significant impact on the perceived online discussion experience, followed by teaching presence, and social presence. This study is the first study that analyzed the online discussion experience among grade school students in online education in the Philippines considering SEM and RFC. It was seen that highly significant factors such as teaching presence, cognitive presence, social presence, triggering events, and exploration will lead to high and very high learning experience with grade school students.

Conclusion

The findings of this study would be significant for teachers, educational institutions, and government agencies to improve the online delivery of primary education in the country. In addition, this study presents a reliable model and results which can be extended and applied for academicians, educational institutions, and the education sector to develop ways in enhancing the online delivery of primary education worldwide.

在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，教育机构暂时关闭，导致采用远程或在线教学方式。挑战是显而易见的，尤其是对小学来说。目的本研究旨在找出影响菲律宾国家首都地区小学生远程教育在线讨论体验感知的因素。方法采用结构方程模型(SEM)和随机森林分类器(RFC)方法，对学生的认知在场、教学在场、社交在场和在线讨论体验等变量进行调查。共有385名菲律宾小学在校生被调查。结果结果显示，认知在场对网络讨论体验的影响最为显著，其次是教学在场和社会在场。本研究是第一个结合SEM和RFC分析菲律宾小学生在线教育在线讨论体验的研究。研究发现，教学在场、认知在场、社会在场、触发事件、探索等显著因素会导致小学生的高和极高的学习体验。结论本研究结果对教师、教育机构和政府机构改善国内初等教育在线交付具有重要意义。此外，本研究提供了一个可靠的模型和结果，可以推广和应用于学术界，教育机构和教育部门，以制定加强全球初等教育在线交付的方法。

{"title":"Predicting factors influencing perceived online learning experience among primary students utilizing structural equation modeling Forest Classifier approach","authors":"Yoshiki B. Kurata , Ardvin Kester S. Ong , Jairus J. Joyosa , Makkie John Prince S. Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.erap.2023.100868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.erap.2023.100868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the temporary closure of educational institutions led to the adoption of remote or online learning delivery. Challenges, especially for grade schools were evident.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to identify factors affecting the perceived online discussion experience of Filipino primary students through distance learning in the National Capital Region, Philippines.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Variables such as cognitive presence, teaching presence, social presence, and online discussion experience were investigated simultaneously by utilizing the structural equation modeling (SEM) and random forest classifier (RFC) approach. A total of 385 currently enrolled Filipino grade school student participants were surveyed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Results show that cognitive presence has the most significant impact on the perceived online discussion experience, followed by teaching presence, and social presence. This study is the first study that analyzed the online discussion experience among grade school students in online education in the Philippines considering SEM and RFC. It was seen that highly significant factors such as teaching presence, cognitive presence, social presence, triggering events, and exploration will lead to high and very high learning experience with grade school students.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings of this study would be significant for teachers, educational institutions, and government agencies to improve the online delivery of primary education in the country. In addition, this study presents a reliable model and results which can be extended and applied for academicians, educational institutions, and the education sector to develop ways in enhancing the online delivery of primary education worldwide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46883,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Applied Psychology-Revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee","volume":"73 5","pages":"Article 100868"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10214005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9918074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Good guys with good apples. The moderating role of moral competence on the association between moral disengagement and organizational behaviours 好人有好苹果。道德能力对道德脱离与组织行为之间联系的调节作用

IF 1 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

European Review of Applied Psychology-Revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee

Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2023.100891

Alessandro Lo Presti , Giuseppina Ambrosino , Massimiliano Barattucci , Stefano Pagliaro

Objective

Consistently with Bandura's theory of moral disengagement, we examined if moral disengagement predicted employees’ counterproductive work behaviours and organizational citizenship behaviours, also assessing moral competence as a moderator that, at higher values, could mitigate the positive association with counterproductive work behaviours and mitigate the negative association with organizational citizenship behaviours.

Method

Five hundred eighty-three Italian employees completed a time-lagged online survey including the following measures: Work Moral Disengagement Scale (Fida, Paciello et al., 2015), Moral Competence Test (Lind, 1985), Counterproductive Work Behavior Checklist (Spector et al., 2006), Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (Podsakoff et al., 1990). Associations between variables were examined via multiple linear regressions with bootstrapping, while the interactions were probed through the Johnson-Neyman technique.

Results

Moral disengagement is positively related to counterproductive work behaviours and negatively related to organizational citizenship behaviours. Furthermore, the association between moral disengagement and counterproductive work behaviours is moderated by moral competence, with a significant positive association only at lower levels of the moderator.

Conclusion

We demonstrated for the first time the potentially significant role played by moral competence as a moderator that could reduce the negative effects of moral disengagement on deviant and unethical organizational behaviours, discussing our results in light of available evidence and theory, and elaborating on practical implications.

客观地与班杜拉的道德脱离理论一致，我们研究了道德脱离是否预测了员工适得其反的工作行为和组织公民行为，并评估了道德能力作为调节因素，在更高的价值观下，可以减轻与适得其反的工作行为的积极关联，并减轻与组织公民行为的消极关联。方法583名意大利员工完成了一项时间滞后的在线调查，包括以下指标：工作道德脱离量表（Fida，Paciello et al.，2015）、道德能力测试（Lind，1985）、反生产性工作行为清单（Spector et al.，2006）、组织公民行为量表（Podsakoff et al.，1990）。通过多重线性回归和自举检验变量之间的相关性，同时通过Johnson Neyman技术探讨相互作用。结果道德脱离与适得其反的工作行为呈正相关，与组织公民行为负相关。此外，道德脱离和适得其反的工作行为之间的联系受到道德能力的调节，只有在较低级别的调节者中才有显著的积极联系。结论我们首次证明了道德能力作为调节因素所发挥的潜在重要作用，可以减少道德脱离对越轨和不道德组织行为的负面影响，并根据现有证据和理论讨论了我们的结果，并详细阐述了实际意义。

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引用次数: 0

How does spiritual leadership inspire employees’ innovative behavior? The role of psychological capital and intrinsic motivation 精神领导力如何激励员工的创新行为？心理资本的作用与内在动机

IF 1 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

European Review of Applied Psychology-Revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee

Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2023.100905

Bin Li , Weinan Yu , Yongxin Lei , Mingqi Hu

Introduction

Innovative employee behavior plays a vital role in creating a competitive edge for organizations. While some studies have highlighted the benefits of spiritual leadership for employees, there is a lack of research exploring the psychological mechanisms behind these benefits from an intrinsic needs perspective.

Objective

This study aims to examine the internal mechanism between spiritual leadership and followers’ innovative behavior, and the influence of spiritual leadership on employees’ innovative behavior.

Method

The study conducted a three-stage questionnaire to investigate 886 employees of Chinese companies and used the bootstrap approach to test mediating effects.

Results

The results indicate that spiritual leadership has a positive impact on employees’ innovative behavior. Psychological capital and intrinsic motivation were identified as the mediating variables between spiritual leadership and innovative behavior. Furthermore, the study found a sequential mediating effect from psychological capital to intrinsic motivation.

Conclusion

Spiritual leadership can stimulate employees to exhibit more innovative behaviors by enhancing their psychological capital and intrinsic motivation.

简介创新的员工行为在为组织创造竞争优势方面发挥着至关重要的作用。虽然一些研究强调了精神领导力对员工的好处，但缺乏从内在需求角度探索这些好处背后的心理机制的研究。目的本研究旨在考察精神领导力与追随者创新行为之间的内在机制，以及精神领导力对员工创新行为的影响。方法采用三阶段问卷对886名中国企业员工进行调查，并采用自举法检验中介效应。结果精神领导力对员工创新行为有正向影响。心理资本和内在动机是精神领导力与创新行为之间的中介变量。此外，研究还发现了心理资本对内在动机的顺序中介作用。结论精神领导力可以通过增强员工的心理资本和内在动机来激励员工表现出更多的创新行为。

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引用次数: 2

Échelle de cognition numérique (NUMERICOG) 数字认知量表(NUMERICOG)

IF 1 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

European Review of Applied Psychology-Revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2023.100873

J. Virgo , F. Tarpin-Bernard , S. de Chalvron , E. Reynaud , J. Fruitet , R. Palluel-Germain , G.T. Vallet , F. Osiurak

Introduction

The development of digital technologies raises the question of their impact on our neurocognitive abilities. To answer this question requires first to identify the cognitive functions that individuals attempt to support by using digital technologies.

Objective

The objective was to develop a psychometric tool, the Digital Cognition Scale NUMERICOG, allowing us to identify these cognitive functions.

Methods

We followed a four-step method. First, we conducted a survey (Step 1) to collect spontaneous uses of digital technologies (n = 160), allowing us to generate 94 items that we have subsequently sorted (Step 2) to produce a 24-item scale (n = 392). The psychometric qualities of our model were then tested (Step 3: n = 754) to obtain norms (Step 4; n = 1132).

Results

The scale consisted of four sub-scales that assess the propensity of an individual to use digital technologies to support their socio-emotional cognition, decision making, semantic memory, and episodic memory/executive functions.

Conclusion

The scale can be used to start the investigation of the consequences of our use of digital technologies on the four aforementioned cognitive functions.

数字技术的发展提出了它们对我们神经认知能力影响的问题。要回答这个问题，首先需要确定个人试图通过使用数字技术来支持的认知功能。目的是开发一种心理测量工具，数字认知量表NUMERICOG，使我们能够识别这些认知功能。方法采用四步法。首先，我们进行了一项调查(步骤1)，以收集数字技术的自发使用(n = 160)，使我们能够生成94项，我们随后进行排序(步骤2)，以产生24项量表(n = 392)。然后对我们模型的心理测量质量进行测试(步骤3:n = 754)以获得规范(步骤4;n = 1132)。结果该量表包括四个子量表，评估个人使用数字技术支持其社会情感认知、决策、语义记忆和情景记忆/执行功能的倾向。结论该量表可以用来开始调查我们使用数字技术对上述四种认知功能的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Adding fuel to the fire: The impact of stress on decision-making in dilemmas among emergency service personnel 火上浇油：压力对应急服务人员困境决策的影响

IF 1 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

European Review of Applied Psychology-Revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2023.100872

Rebecca Prell , Katrin Starcke

Introduction

Certain professions are particularly exposed to stress and must make decisions with far-reaching consequences. Recent research indicates that stress alters subsequent decision-making. The two current studies examine the predictive effect of perceived stress and leadership responsibility on moral decision-making among emergency service personnel.

Objective

We hypothesized that under high levels of perceived stress, fewer utilitarian and fewer altruistic decisions are made. Utilitarian decisions involve saving the lives of more people while sacrificing a smaller number of people. Altruistic decisions lead to outcomes that benefit others rather than oneself. Furthermore, we hypothesized that leaders under high levels of perceived stress make more utilitarian and altruistic decisions than non-leaders.

Method

Two different samples (N1 = 368; N2 = 562) were exposed to two different types of moral dilemmas (Sample 1: sacrificial dilemmas, Sample 2: everyday dilemmas). Stress levels were assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale. The hypotheses were tested with hierarchical regression analysis.

Results

As hypothesized, in sacrificial dilemmas, high perceived stress levels predicted a decrease in utilitarian decisions. Moreover, highly stressed leaders made more utilitarian decisions compared to non-leaders. In everyday dilemmas, high-perceived stress levels predicted fewer altruistic decisions. No moderating effect of leadership responsibility was observed.

Conclusion

Our results indicate that perceived stress predicts moral decision-making among emergency service personnel.

某些职业特别容易受到压力，必须做出影响深远的决定。最近的研究表明，压力会改变随后的决策。目前的两项研究考察了感知压力和领导责任对应急服务人员道德决策的预测作用。目的:我们假设，在高水平的感知压力下，人们做出的功利主义和利他主义的决定更少。功利主义的决策包括在牺牲少数人的同时拯救更多人的生命。利他主义的决定会导致有利于他人而不是自己的结果。此外，我们假设处于高水平感知压力下的领导者比非领导者做出更功利和利他的决策。方法2份不同样本(N1 = 368;N2 = 562)的被试面临两种不同类型的道德困境(样本1:牺牲困境，样本2:日常困境)。使用感知压力量表评估压力水平。采用层次回归分析对假设进行检验。结果，正如假设的那样，在牺牲困境中，高感知压力水平预示着功利主义决策的减少。此外，与非领导者相比，高度紧张的领导者做出了更多功利主义的决定。在日常困境中，高感知压力水平预示着更少的利他决定。没有观察到领导责任的调节作用。结论感知压力对应急服务人员的道德决策具有预测作用。

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引用次数: 0