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Hiding in the echo chamber: fact-Checking failures and individual tactics of accuracy determination on WhatsApp in India 躲在回音室里:印度WhatsApp的事实核查失败和准确性判定的个人策略
IF 2.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/01292986.2021.2023594
Shaheen Kanthawala, Jessica Maddox
ABSTRACT During a time of heightened political polarization in India, use of the communication app WhatsApp skyrocketed. Alongside benefits of the app come a slew of dangerous outcomes, such as the proliferation of misinformation on the chat-based app. To this end, we conducted 19 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with Indian users of WhatsApp over the age of 40. The aim of study was to examine how WhatsApp users engage with the platform and the content they access through it in order to mediate through political polarization at an already divisive time.” Our results yielded three overarching themes: First, participants rarely engage in accuracy determination tactics. Second, they expressed familiarity with politically polarizing content but claimed not to engage with it. Third, they expressed intense hopes for future effective content moderation on WhatsApp. By applying cultivation theory to these insights, we examine how the app creates a reality for its users based on media socialization and the truth effect. Our participants’ insights and our subsequent analysis challenge the top-down-centric approach of many technology companies and governments to curb misinformation. We instead propose a holistic approach that better advances our understanding of the misinformation ecosystem.
摘要在印度政治两极分化加剧的时期,通讯应用WhatsApp的使用量飙升。除了该应用程序的好处之外,还有一系列危险的结果,比如基于聊天的应用程序上的错误信息泛滥。为此,我们对40岁以上的WhatsApp印度用户进行了19次半结构化的深入采访。这项研究的目的是研究WhatsApp用户如何参与该平台以及他们通过该平台访问的内容,以便在本已分裂的时代通过政治两极分化进行调解。”我们的研究结果产生了三个总体主题:首先,参与者很少参与准确性确定策略。其次,他们对政治两极分化的内容表示熟悉,但声称不会参与其中。第三,他们对WhatsApp上未来有效的内容审核表示强烈希望。通过将培养理论应用于这些见解,我们考察了应用程序如何基于媒体社会化和真相效应为用户创造现实。我们参与者的见解和随后的分析挑战了许多科技公司和政府遏制错误信息的自上而下的方法。相反,我们提出了一种全面的方法,以更好地促进我们对错误信息生态系统的理解。
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引用次数: 2
Green advertising: examining the effects of appeal arrangement on young Indonesian consumers’ Green attitudes and buying intention 绿色广告:考察诉求安排对印尼年轻消费者绿色态度及购买意愿的影响
IF 2.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-02-27 DOI: 10.1080/01292986.2022.2043397
Afred Suci, Hui-Chih Wang, H. Doong
ABSTRACT Studies of green advertising have had mixed findings from using single and hybrid appeals to consumers’ green attitudes and behavioral intentions. However, the effects of ordering or sequencing the appeals or repeating them have scarcely been investigated. Drawing upon prospect theory, green advertising, and the theory of planned behavior, this experiment, with 160 Indonesian university student participants, found that green attitudes were better formed by appeal order than appeal repetition. In contrast, the types of appeal arrangement generated insignificant differences in buying intention between green products with lower and higher perceived difficulty. The moderating effects of perceived difficulty were significant only on green products with lower perceived difficulty. Furthermore, green attitudes mediated the impacts of appeal arrangement on the intention to buy green products with both lower and higher perceived difficulty. The findings’ theoretical and practical implications also are discussed.
绿色广告的研究有不同的结果,使用单一和混合的呼吁消费者的绿色态度和行为意图。然而,几乎没有调查对上诉进行排序或排序或重复上诉的影响。利用前景理论、绿色广告和计划行为理论,这个实验有160名印度尼西亚大学生参与者,发现绿色态度更容易通过呼吁顺序而不是呼吁重复来形成。而诉求安排类型对感知难度较高和较低绿色产品的购买意愿影响不显著。感知难度的调节作用仅在感知难度较低的绿色产品上显著。此外,绿色态度在诉求安排对绿色产品购买意愿的影响中起中介作用。本文还讨论了研究结果的理论和实践意义。
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引用次数: 4
Zoning China: online video, popular culture, and the state 分区中国:网络视频、流行文化和国家
IF 2.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-01-31 DOI: 10.1080/01292986.2022.2029509
C. Lin
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引用次数: 0
Parental mediation of children’s digital media use in high digital penetration countries: perspectives from Singapore and Australia 高数字普及率国家儿童数字媒体使用的父母调解:来自新加坡和澳大利亚的视角
IF 2.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-01-26 DOI: 10.1080/01292986.2022.2026992
W. Shin, M. Lwin
ABSTRACT This research examines how parents in two high digital penetration nations in the Asia-Pacific region, Singapore and Australia, mediate children’s use of digital media and how parental mediation practices in each country are explained by parents’ media perception, digital literacy, and parental self-efficacy. We conducted surveys with parents residing in Singapore (N = 316) and Australia (N = 315). Results show that Australian parents are more actively engaged in all types of parental mediation as compared to Singaporean parents. In both countries, those who are concerned about risks associated with their children’s digital media use and those who feel confident in their parenting abilities are more likely to actively engage in all types of parental mediation. Findings also show that digitally literate parents are more prone to implement discussion-based mediation than control-based mediation.
摘要本研究考察了亚太地区两个数字普及率较高的国家(新加坡和澳大利亚)的父母如何调解儿童对数字媒体的使用,以及父母的媒体感知、数字素养和父母自我效能如何解释每个国家的父母调解做法。我们对居住在新加坡的父母进行了调查(N = 316)和澳大利亚(N = 315)。结果显示,与新加坡父母相比,澳大利亚父母更积极地参与各种类型的父母调解。在这两个国家,那些担心孩子使用数字媒体的风险的人,以及那些对自己的育儿能力充满信心的人,更有可能积极参与各种类型的父母调解。研究结果还表明,与基于控制的调解相比,具有数字素养的父母更倾向于实施基于讨论的调解。
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引用次数: 7
Online intercultural education and study abroad: theory into practice 在线跨文化教育与海外学习:理论到实践
IF 2.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/01292986.2021.2024238
Ling Yuan, Dexin Tian
Globally, there were more than 5.3 million international students in 2018, up from 2 million in 2000 (UNESCO, 2019). In 2018, China, as one of the prominent countries recognized for the active promotion of international education, sent more than 660, 210 students overseas for advanced studies. The increasing focus on education internationalization and studying abroad draws more and more attention to scholarships on intercultural education. In this book, the author Dr. Jane Jackson, explicitly putting theory into practice, addresses the problem of how overseas students improve their intercultural competence during their studies in the host environment through the intervention of online intercultural education to enrich their sojourn learning experience and its influence after they return to the motherland. She suggests that the practice-inspired online intercultural education could also promote global citizenship and meaningful intercultural dialogues. For overseas exchange program administrators, routine practitioners, novice and experienced intercultural education researchers, this book provides valuable guidance on how to conduct an empirical study on intercultural education, especially through the use of online digital technologies. Online Intercultural Education and Study Abroad: Theory into Practice consists of three parts. The first part (Chapter 1 to Chapter 3), covers the literature review, the design and development of the online course titled “Intercultural Communication and Engagement Abroad” as well as the rationale for conducting the ethnographic investigation of the online course. The second part (Chapter 4 to Chapter 7) focuses on the four major participants from her university, the Chinese University of Hong Kong in the ethnographic study. The last part, (Chapters 8 and 9) concludes with the findings and implications of the research. Then, some of the internal and external elements especially relevant to sojourn learning, such as the personality of the students and the environment of the host countries, are presented. The author says: “It is essential for intercultural educators to have some knowledge of these dimensions when designing and implementing a pedagogical intervention in a study abroad context” (p. 10). She argues that without understanding the nature of the cultural environment and some form of pedagogical intervention, overseas students may not fully benefit from their study abroad. The intercultural intervention should be a much closer connection between research and practice in the study abroad program to optimize the overseas experience with mentorship or coaching guidance (p. 14). Specifically, in Chapters 2 and 3, Professor Jackson presents the theoretical frameworks and methodology of the study. The theoretical frameworks are based on Hammer’s (2012) intercultural development continuum theory, Mezirow’s (2000) transformative learning theory, and Kolb’s (2015) experiential learning theory. The intercultural compe
2018年,全球有530多万国际学生,高于2000年的200万(联合国教科文组织,2019年)。2018年,中国作为公认的积极推进国际教育的突出国家之一,向海外派遣了660210多名学生进行深造。随着人们对教育国际化和留学的日益关注,跨文化教育奖学金越来越受到关注。在这本书中,作者简·杰克逊博士明确地将理论付诸实践,解决了海外学生如何通过在线跨文化教育的干预来提高他们在东道国学习期间的跨文化能力,以丰富他们的旅居学习体验及其在返回祖国后的影响。她建议,这种受实践启发的在线跨文化教育也可以促进全球公民身份和有意义的跨文化对话。对于海外交流项目管理人员、常规从业者、新手和经验丰富的跨文化教育研究人员来说,本书为如何进行跨文化教育的实证研究,特别是通过使用在线数字技术,提供了宝贵的指导。网络跨文化教育与留学:理论与实践由三部分组成。第一部分(第1章至第3章),包括文献综述、题为“海外跨文化交流与参与”的在线课程的设计和开发,以及对在线课程进行民族志调查的基本原理。第二部分(第四章至第七章)主要介绍香港中文大学民族学研究的四位主要参与者。最后一部分(第8章和第9章)总结了本研究的发现和启示。然后,介绍了一些与旅居学习特别相关的内部和外部因素,如学生的个性和东道国的环境。作者说:“跨文化教育工作者在设计和实施留学背景下的教学干预时,必须了解这些方面的知识”(第10页)。她认为,如果不了解文化环境的性质和某种形式的教学干预,海外学生可能无法从海外学习中充分受益。跨文化干预应该在留学项目的研究和实践之间建立更紧密的联系,以通过导师或辅导指导优化海外体验(第14页)。具体而言,在第2章和第3章中,Jackson教授介绍了该研究的理论框架和方法。理论框架基于Hammer(2012)的跨文化发展连续体理论、Mezirow(2000)的变革性学习理论和Kolb(2015)的体验式学习理论。跨文化能力的发展过程可以看作是一个具有深刻反思的持续学习过程(第32页)。在介绍了研究的基本原理后,作者展开了课程设计的细节,包括学习目标、课程内容、每周主题、学习材料、活动、电子学习平台和评估。在第3章中,按照
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引用次数: 1
Communication and capitalism: a critical theory 传播与资本主义:一种批判理论
IF 2.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/01292986.2021.2024239
N. Irawan, Ali Mustofa
raises the question of the performance of students with lower language ability. Jackson measures identity and cultural disengagement together, and almost all the participants insist that they have experienced “no change” in their identity, which provide a possibility for the study of culture identity in this online course too. Overall, the book is a good attempt to investigate intercultural competencies improvement and study abroad through online courses. As all the participants are either from Mainland China or Hong Kong, the book makes an important contribution to the world of intercultural education by operationalizing different components of intercultural communication.
提出了语言能力较低的学生的表现问题。Jackson将身份认同和文化脱离联系在一起,几乎所有的参与者都坚持认为他们的身份认同“没有改变”,这也为这门在线课程的文化认同研究提供了可能。总的来说,这本书是一个很好的尝试,调查跨文化能力的提高和通过在线课程出国留学。由于所有参与者都来自中国大陆或香港,本书通过将跨文化交流的不同组成部分付诸实践,为跨文化教育做出了重要贡献。
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引用次数: 1
From tsunami through terror attacks to Covid-19: crisis communication strategies and recovery campaigns to combat Thailand’s tourism crises 从海啸到恐怖袭击再到新冠肺炎:应对泰国旅游危机的危机沟通策略和恢复运动
IF 2.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.1080/01292986.2021.2013510
Viriya Taecharungroj, Eli Avraham
ABSTRACT Countries dealing with tourism crises use a variety of crisis communication strategies, as found in various studies. Thailand is one of the strongest global tourism brands and tourism remains its dominant industry. In recent decades, it has suffered several crises: natural disasters, terrorist attacks, a pandemic, and internal political tensions. This study analyzes which crisis communication strategies Thai officials adopted to restore Thailand’s positive image during tourism crises; in addition, we analyzed how these strategies stem from the country’s ideations and cultural values, a subject that was scarcely addressed in previous crisis communication theory.
研究表明,应对旅游危机的国家采用了多种危机沟通策略。泰国是全球最强大的旅游品牌之一,旅游业仍然是其主导产业。近几十年来,它经历了几次危机:自然灾害、恐怖袭击、大流行病和内部政治紧张局势。本研究分析了泰国官员在旅游危机中采取哪些危机沟通策略来恢复泰国的正面形象;此外,我们还分析了这些策略是如何源于国家的理念和文化价值观的,这是以前危机传播理论中很少涉及的问题。
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引用次数: 3
Examining the Indonesian government’s social media use for disaster risk communication 考察印尼政府使用社交媒体进行灾害风险沟通的情况
IF 2.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.1080/01292986.2021.2007274
G. A. Yudarwati, I. A. Putranto, K. Delmo
ABSTRACT Social media have become widely used platforms for risk communication. Nevertheless, as this paper identifies there are potential challenges associated with the use social media, i.e. trust and credibility, misinformation, and digital inequality. This study uses three case studies to analyze the Indonesian government’s messaging strategies on social media for disaster risk communication, while navigating these challenges. Thematic content analysis of Indonesian emergency units’ social media posts during disaster events and of in-depth interviews with the personnel of the government agencies reveal the problematic aspects of the unidirectional top-down pattern of social media disaster risk communication. The messages mainly convey information about situations related to the disasters and government activities in local communities during disasters. Government agencies did not see social media as an appropriate channel for local communities most likely to be impacted or that such communities are shaped by culturally embedded beliefs and who might have limited accesses to the technology. This study suggests that patterns of social media use for disaster risk communication can differ across cultures. The collectivist culture of Indonesian communities has led to the two-step flow of communication model that proposes embracing culture and social capital to build trust, credibility, and overcome digital inequalities.
摘要社交媒体已成为广泛使用的风险沟通平台。然而,正如本文所指出的,社交媒体的使用存在潜在的挑战,即信任和可信度、错误信息和数字不平等。本研究使用三个案例研究来分析印尼政府在应对这些挑战的同时,在社交媒体上进行灾害风险沟通的信息策略。对印尼应急部队在灾难事件期间在社交媒体上发布的帖子以及对政府机构人员的深入采访进行的主题内容分析揭示了社交媒体灾难风险沟通单向自上而下模式的问题所在。这些信息主要传达与灾害有关的情况以及灾害期间当地社区的政府活动。政府机构不认为社交媒体是最有可能受到影响的当地社区的合适渠道,也不认为这些社区是由根深蒂固的文化信仰塑造的,他们可能对技术的访问有限。这项研究表明,不同文化之间使用社交媒体进行灾害风险沟通的模式可能不同。印尼社区的集体主义文化导致了传播模式的两步流动,该模式建议拥抱文化和社会资本,以建立信任、信誉并克服数字不平等。
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引用次数: 2
Minority ethnic media: challenges for the future 少数民族媒体:未来的挑战
IF 2.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.1080/01292986.2021.2007275
H. Tsai
ABSTRACT Minority ethnic media play a unique role in preserving the languages, shaping the identity, and improving communication and cohesion of the ethnic groups it represents. However, traditional ethnic media outlets such as television channels and printed media worldwide have been facing decreasing viewership, especially because of strong competition from Internet media. Obtaining the support of people in the targeted ethnic group is critical and challenging. This paper elucidates the obstacles—dwindling viewership, competition from new media, and debates on intragroup and intergroup (intercultural) communication—that minority ethnic television channels face in many societies. By using the Taiwanese minority ethnic channel Hakka TV as an example, this study examined audiences’ viewing behaviors with respect to both the terrestrial channel and its online platform. A National Survey on Hakka Population and Languages (supported by the Taiwan Hakka Affairs Council) and in-depth interviews were used to explore the relationships between ethnicity, language, and communication in ethnic media. The results indicate what ethnic media outlets should prioritize to increasing viewership. Methods by which these outlets can reach out to other ethnic groups and enhance multiculturalism are discussed.
摘要少数民族媒体在保护语言、塑造身份、提高所代表民族的沟通和凝聚力方面发挥着独特的作用。然而,世界各地的电视频道和印刷媒体等传统民族媒体的收视率一直在下降,特别是因为来自互联网媒体的激烈竞争。获得目标族裔群体的支持至关重要,也具有挑战性。本文阐述了少数民族电视频道在许多社会中面临的障碍——收视率下降、新媒体的竞争以及关于群体内和群体间(跨文化)沟通的辩论。以台湾少数民族频道客家电视台为例,研究了观众对地面频道及其网络平台的观看行为。通过台湾客务委员会支持的全国客家人口与语言调查和深入访谈,探讨了族群、语言和民族媒体传播之间的关系。研究结果表明,少数民族媒体应该优先考虑增加收视率。讨论了这些渠道接触其他族裔群体和加强多元文化的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Development communication for youth empowerment in Indonesia’s renewable energy projects 印度尼西亚可再生能源项目中的青年赋权发展交流
IF 2.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.1080/01292986.2021.2007273
I. N. Ratriyana, Lukas Deni Setiawan, G. A. Yudarwati
ABSTRACT This study examines the use of development communication for youth empowerment in renewable energy projects in Indonesia. During development, youths can be agents of social change and drivers of development. However, their participation is never free from the power dynamics of development actors, i.e. between the government and rural communities, or between youths and elders. Using an appreciative inquiry technique involving community groups in two hamlets in Kulon Progo regency, Indonesia, this study finds that communication development is oriented primarily towards finalising infrastructure development, and fails to consider active participation. Meanwhile, although youth groups hope to be involved in designing and furthering the usage of renewable energy, they feel that their elders are hesitant to involve them in said projects; trust and power distance issues reduce them to passive participants. This study suggests that development communication in rural communities should be planned carefully, and that local values should be incorporated into the process. Although development communication may not result in youth empowerment, it may nonetheless shed light on power gaps and trust issues in youth-elder interactions.
本研究考察了在印度尼西亚可再生能源项目中使用发展沟通为青年赋权。在发展过程中,青年可以成为社会变革的推动者和发展的推动者。然而,他们的参与始终离不开发展行动者的权力动态,即政府与农村社区之间,或青年与老年人之间。本研究采用了一种涉及印度尼西亚Kulon Progo regency两个村庄社区团体的欣赏式调查技术,发现传播发展主要面向完成基础设施发展,而没有考虑到积极参与。与此同时,虽然青年团体希望参与可再生能源的设计和推广,但他们觉得长辈们不愿意让他们参与这些项目;信任和权力距离问题使他们沦为被动的参与者。该研究建议,应仔细规划农村社区的发展传播,并将当地的价值观纳入这一过程。虽然发展传播可能不会导致青年赋权,但它仍然可以揭示青年与老年人互动中的权力差距和信任问题。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Asian Journal of Communication
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