首页 > 最新文献

Journal of Semantics最新文献

英文 中文
Can you See? Actuality Entailments in the Present 你能看见吗?当下的实际内容
IF 0.9 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.1093/jos/ffad011
Anouk Dieuleveut
This paper argues that English present ability modal statements like “I can see Saturn” are ambiguous in the same way as past ability statements like “I was able to lift a fridge”: they can express either a general ability (‘I have the ability to see Saturn, in general’), or have an actualized (episodic) interpretation (‘I'm seeing Saturn, right now’). The challenge is to explain why in the present, actualized interpretations are only licensed when the modal's prejacent is a perception verb like see, and not with other predicates: “I can watch Saturn” only has the general ability reading available, and not the actualized one. I propose that (i) similar to what has been shown for past modal statements in the literature on Actuality Entailments (AEs) (Bhatt 1999), the ambiguity depends on grammatical aspect: general ability readings are due to the imperfective, which “removes” AEs by having the event occur in worlds introduced by a generic operator (Bhatt 1999), and actualized readings are due to the perfective, which directly combines with the prejacent event across the modal (Hacquard 2009); (ii) The usual unavailability of actualized interpretations in the present comes from the Present Perfective Paradox (Malchukov 2009): perfective aspect is incompatible with present tense, because the event time, a time interval, cannot be contained within the punctual speech time. (iii) Perception verbs are special in that they, and only they, are able to combine with perfective in the present, either because the PPP does not arise at all, or because they allow a specific type of aspectual coercion. This also explains their behavior in (non-modal) simple present sentences. A second challenge is that actualized interpretations in the present appear to occur exclusively with ability modals, and not when modals express other root flavors (e.g. teleological or deontic). I propose that this restriction is due to a further temporal orientation constraint.
本文认为,像 "我能看见土星 "这样的英语现在时能力情态语句与 "我能举起冰箱 "这样的过去时能力语句一样具有歧义:它们既可以表达一般能力("我有能力看见土星,一般地"),也可以表达实际化(偶发的)解释("我现在正看见土星")。难点在于如何解释为什么在现在时,只有当情态动词的前置词是 "看 "这样的感知动词时,才允许实际化解释,而其他谓词则不允许实际化解释:"我可以看土星 "只有一般能力解释,而没有实际能力解释。我提出以下建议:(i) 与 "实际内容"(AEs)文献(Bhatt,1999 年)中对过去式语句的研究类似,模糊性取决于语法方面:一般能力读法是由非完成时引起的,非完成时通过让事件发生在由一般运算符引入的世界中来 "消除 "AEs(Bhatt,1999 年),而实际能力读法是由完成时引起的,完成时直接与整个模态的前邻接事件相结合(Hacquard,2009 年);(ii) 在现在时中,实际能力解释通常是不存在的,这源于现在完成时悖论(Malchukov,2009 年):完成时方面与现在时不相容,因为事件时间--一个时间间隔--不能包含在标点言语时间内。(iii) 感知动词的特殊性在于,它们,也只有它们,能够在现在时中与完成时结合,要么是因为 PPP 根本不会出现,要么是因为它们允许特定类型的方面强制。这也解释了它们在(非模态)简单现在时句子中的行为。第二个挑战是,现在时的实际化解释似乎只出现在能力情态句中,而不出现在表达其他词根类型(如目的论或deontic)的情态句中。我认为这种限制是由于另一个时间定向限制造成的。
{"title":"Can you See? Actuality Entailments in the Present","authors":"Anouk Dieuleveut","doi":"10.1093/jos/ffad011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jos/ffad011","url":null,"abstract":"This paper argues that English present ability modal statements like “I can see Saturn” are ambiguous in the same way as past ability statements like “I was able to lift a fridge”: they can express either a general ability (‘I have the ability to see Saturn, in general’), or have an actualized (episodic) interpretation (‘I'm seeing Saturn, right now’). The challenge is to explain why in the present, actualized interpretations are only licensed when the modal's prejacent is a perception verb like see, and not with other predicates: “I can watch Saturn” only has the general ability reading available, and not the actualized one. I propose that (i) similar to what has been shown for past modal statements in the literature on Actuality Entailments (AEs) (Bhatt 1999), the ambiguity depends on grammatical aspect: general ability readings are due to the imperfective, which “removes” AEs by having the event occur in worlds introduced by a generic operator (Bhatt 1999), and actualized readings are due to the perfective, which directly combines with the prejacent event across the modal (Hacquard 2009); (ii) The usual unavailability of actualized interpretations in the present comes from the Present Perfective Paradox (Malchukov 2009): perfective aspect is incompatible with present tense, because the event time, a time interval, cannot be contained within the punctual speech time. (iii) Perception verbs are special in that they, and only they, are able to combine with perfective in the present, either because the PPP does not arise at all, or because they allow a specific type of aspectual coercion. This also explains their behavior in (non-modal) simple present sentences. A second challenge is that actualized interpretations in the present appear to occur exclusively with ability modals, and not when modals express other root flavors (e.g. teleological or deontic). I propose that this restriction is due to a further temporal orientation constraint.","PeriodicalId":46947,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semantics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138686372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Copredication as Illusion 作为幻觉的共认
IF 0.9 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/jos/ffad014
John Collins
{"title":"Copredication as Illusion","authors":"John Collins","doi":"10.1093/jos/ffad014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jos/ffad014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46947,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semantics","volume":" 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138612683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spanish Bare Interrogatives and Number 西班牙语裸疑问句和数
2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1093/jos/ffad008
Luis Alonso-Ovalle, Vincent Rouillard
Abstract Dayal (1996) makes two predictions on the interaction of number and wh-phrases: (i) that questions with singular wh-phrases yield a uniqueness inference, and (ii) that questions with plural wh-phrases yield an antiuniqueness inference. Maldonado (2020) shows that Spanish bare wh-phrases do not conform to Dayal’s predictions. From this, she argues against a unified treatment of number across wh-expressions. Elliott et al. (2022) argue that a unified treatment of number can be maintained if bare wh-phrases are capable of ranging over generalized quantifiers. We weigh in on this discussion by arguing for an intermediate position: though independent evidence suggests that wh-phrases can range over generalized quantifiers, an assumption that we adopt for bare wh-phrases, the unified treatment of number presented in Elliott et al. (2022) faces challenges that can be avoided under Maldonado’s assumptions about number marking on bare wh-phrases.
Dayal(1996)对数字与“wh-phrase”之间的相互作用做了两个预测:(i)使用单数“wh-phrase”的问题产生唯一性推理,(ii)使用复数“wh-phrase”的问题产生反唯一性推理。Maldonado(2020)表明,西班牙语的裸h-短语不符合Dayal的预测。从这一点出发,她反对将数字统一处理。Elliott等人(2022)认为,如果裸h-短语能够覆盖广义量词,则可以维持对数字的统一处理。我们通过主张中间立场来权衡这一讨论:尽管独立的证据表明,h-短语可以超越广义量词,这是我们对裸h-短语采用的假设,但Elliott等人(2022)提出的对数字的统一处理面临着挑战,而这些挑战在Maldonado关于裸h-短语的数字标记假设下是可以避免的。
{"title":"Spanish Bare Interrogatives and Number","authors":"Luis Alonso-Ovalle, Vincent Rouillard","doi":"10.1093/jos/ffad008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jos/ffad008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dayal (1996) makes two predictions on the interaction of number and wh-phrases: (i) that questions with singular wh-phrases yield a uniqueness inference, and (ii) that questions with plural wh-phrases yield an antiuniqueness inference. Maldonado (2020) shows that Spanish bare wh-phrases do not conform to Dayal’s predictions. From this, she argues against a unified treatment of number across wh-expressions. Elliott et al. (2022) argue that a unified treatment of number can be maintained if bare wh-phrases are capable of ranging over generalized quantifiers. We weigh in on this discussion by arguing for an intermediate position: though independent evidence suggests that wh-phrases can range over generalized quantifiers, an assumption that we adopt for bare wh-phrases, the unified treatment of number presented in Elliott et al. (2022) faces challenges that can be avoided under Maldonado’s assumptions about number marking on bare wh-phrases.","PeriodicalId":46947,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semantics","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135943622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metaphorical Uses of Proper Names and the Continuity Hypothesis 专有名词的隐喻用法与连续性假说
2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI: 10.1093/jos/ffad006
Jacob Hesse, Chris Genovesi, Eros Corazza
Abstract According to proponents of the continuity hypothesis, metaphors represent one end of a spectrum of linguistic phenomena, which includes various forms of loosening/broadening, such as category extensions and approximations, as well as hyperbolic interpretations. The continuity hypothesis is used to establish that the inferences derived from the set of linguistic expressions mentioned above result from the same or nearly similar pragmatic processes. In this paper, we want to challenge that particular aspect of the continuity hypothesis. We do so based on considerations and analysis of an understudied linguistic phenomenon that we call the metaphorical uses of proper names (MPNs). We first explain how MPNs represent a unique linguistic class distinguishable from, for example, nicknames. In addition, we offer some remarks on how MPNs can be understood against the background of current debates between referentialists and predicativists about names. Our discussion leads us to conclude that MPNs are categorically different from literal interpretations of proper names. We spell out the consequences that the results of our analysis have for the continuity hypothesis.
摘要连续性假说的支持者认为,隐喻代表了语言现象谱系的一端,其中包括各种形式的放松/扩大,如范畴扩展和近似,以及双曲解释。连续性假设是用来证明从上述语言表达集合中得出的推论是由相同或几乎相似的语用过程产生的。在本文中,我们想要挑战连续性假设的特定方面。我们这样做是基于考虑和分析一个未被充分研究的语言现象,我们称之为专有名词的隐喻使用(mpn)。我们首先解释mpn如何代表一个独特的语言类,例如,区别于昵称。此外,在指称论者和谓词论者关于名字的争论的背景下,我们提供了一些关于如何理解mpn的评论。我们的讨论使我们得出结论,mpn与专有名称的字面解释是绝对不同的。我们详细说明了我们的分析结果对连续性假设的影响。
{"title":"Metaphorical Uses of Proper Names and the Continuity Hypothesis","authors":"Jacob Hesse, Chris Genovesi, Eros Corazza","doi":"10.1093/jos/ffad006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jos/ffad006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract According to proponents of the continuity hypothesis, metaphors represent one end of a spectrum of linguistic phenomena, which includes various forms of loosening/broadening, such as category extensions and approximations, as well as hyperbolic interpretations. The continuity hypothesis is used to establish that the inferences derived from the set of linguistic expressions mentioned above result from the same or nearly similar pragmatic processes. In this paper, we want to challenge that particular aspect of the continuity hypothesis. We do so based on considerations and analysis of an understudied linguistic phenomenon that we call the metaphorical uses of proper names (MPNs). We first explain how MPNs represent a unique linguistic class distinguishable from, for example, nicknames. In addition, we offer some remarks on how MPNs can be understood against the background of current debates between referentialists and predicativists about names. Our discussion leads us to conclude that MPNs are categorically different from literal interpretations of proper names. We spell out the consequences that the results of our analysis have for the continuity hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":46947,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semantics","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134945198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Causal Semantics for Implicative Verbs 隐含动词的因果语义
2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/jos/ffad009
Prerna Nadathur
Abstract Implicative verbs (e.g., manage, dare) are characterized by complement inferences (Karttunen, 1971). English manage entails its complement; the entailment reverses polarity with matrix negation, and is accompanied by a projective inference to the complement’s non-triviality (Coleman, 1975; Karttunen & Peters, 1979). I use data from Finnish and English to argue that the implicative inferential profile is derived from backgrounded relations of causal necessity and causal sufficiency (defined over the structure of a formal causal model; Pearl 2000; Schulz 2011) which link the lexical content of an implicative verb to the realization of its complement. The proposal builds on Baglini & Francez’s (2016) causal analysis of manage, but significantly revises the earlier proposal to offer a treatment which accounts not only for English manage, but extends to the lexical semantics of the full implicative class, including ‘polarity-reversing’ verbs like fail, lexically specific verbs like dare, and their Finnish counterparts. Unlike earlier analyses, the proposed causal semantics also provides a natural explanation of the commonalities between two-way entailing verbs like manage and a related class of weaker ‘one-way’ implicatives such as Finnish jaksaa (‘have the strength’), which entail complement truth values under only one matrix polarity, but generate strong pragmatic implicatures in the two-way implicative pattern under the non-entailing polarity.
隐含动词(如manage, dare)的特点是补语推理(Karttunen, 1971)。英语管理需要它的补充;蕴涵与矩阵否定的极性相反,并伴随着对补体非平凡性的投影推断(Coleman, 1975;Karttunen,彼得斯,1979)。我使用来自芬兰语和英语的数据来论证隐含推理轮廓来源于因果必要性和因果充要性的背景关系(在正式因果模型的结构上定义;珍珠2000;Schulz 2011),将隐含动词的词汇内容与其补语的实现联系起来。该提案建立在巴格里尼的基础上;Francez(2016)对manage的因果分析,但对早期的建议进行了重大修改,提供了一种处理方法,不仅可以解释英语manage,还可以扩展到完整隐含类的词汇语义,包括“极性反转”动词,如fail,词汇特定动词,如dare,以及它们的芬兰语对应词。与先前的分析不同,所提出的因果语义也为双向隐含动词(如manage)和相关的一类较弱的“单向”隐含动词(如芬兰语jaksaa(“具有强度”))之间的共同性提供了自然的解释,这些隐含动词仅在一个矩阵极性下需要补充真值,但在非隐含极性下的双向隐含模式中产生强烈的语用隐含。
{"title":"Causal Semantics for Implicative Verbs","authors":"Prerna Nadathur","doi":"10.1093/jos/ffad009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jos/ffad009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Implicative verbs (e.g., manage, dare) are characterized by complement inferences (Karttunen, 1971). English manage entails its complement; the entailment reverses polarity with matrix negation, and is accompanied by a projective inference to the complement’s non-triviality (Coleman, 1975; Karttunen & Peters, 1979). I use data from Finnish and English to argue that the implicative inferential profile is derived from backgrounded relations of causal necessity and causal sufficiency (defined over the structure of a formal causal model; Pearl 2000; Schulz 2011) which link the lexical content of an implicative verb to the realization of its complement. The proposal builds on Baglini & Francez’s (2016) causal analysis of manage, but significantly revises the earlier proposal to offer a treatment which accounts not only for English manage, but extends to the lexical semantics of the full implicative class, including ‘polarity-reversing’ verbs like fail, lexically specific verbs like dare, and their Finnish counterparts. Unlike earlier analyses, the proposed causal semantics also provides a natural explanation of the commonalities between two-way entailing verbs like manage and a related class of weaker ‘one-way’ implicatives such as Finnish jaksaa (‘have the strength’), which entail complement truth values under only one matrix polarity, but generate strong pragmatic implicatures in the two-way implicative pattern under the non-entailing polarity.","PeriodicalId":46947,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semantics","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135788825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Knowing and Believing Things: What DP-Complementation Can Tell us about the Meaning and Composition of (Factive) Attitudes 知物信物:DP补语能告诉我们(事实)态度的含义和构成
IF 0.9 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.1093/jos/ffac015
Kajsa Djärv
In the Hintikkan tradition, attitude verbs are viewed as relations between individuals and propositions. Previous work on know and believe with Content DPs like the rumour has tended to treat know CP vs. know DP as polysemy. In this paper, I show that polysemy runs into conceptual and empirical problems, and propose instead a new decompositional approach to know-verbs, which avoids polysemy; linking both know DP and know CP to the same lexical root, which describes, broadly speaking, acquaintance. This analysis thus provides an explicit and compositional morpho-semantic link between know DP and know CP that accounts for the interpretation of DPs as objects of acquaintance, and further captures the idea that knowledge, and factivity more broadly, is tied to acquaintance with a situation, the res ( Kratzer 2002, a.o.). Based on detailed examination of the morpho-syntax and interpretation of DP and CP complements of believe, I further show that DPs can either combine with believe in the same fashion as CPs, as a direct object (saturating a propositional argument slot, as in Uegaki 2016), or as an indirect object, via a type of attitudinal applicative (proposed here). The former option is defined for Content DPs and the latter for agentive DPs, so-called Source DPs. Together, these proposals account for the observation that the interpretation of believe DP sentences varies depending on the type of DP (believe the rumour vs. believe the referee), whereas for know-verbs, both types of DPs are interpreted as objects of acquaintance. At the core of the current proposal is the idea that verbs like know and believe differ fundamentally at the level of argument structure and internal morpho-semantic composition, and thus combine with DPs via different routes; contrary to uniform approaches to know and believe. Whereas believe-verbs describe relations to intensional content, and require external licensing mechanisms to combine with DPs, know-verbs describe complex relations, fundamentally anchored in the attitude holder’s acquaintance with (abstract or concrete) individuals in the world, and thus make reference to individuals as part of their argument structure. The current proposal also builds on and adds to previous insights about connections between factivity, DP-complementation, and question-embedding.
在欣提坎语传统中,态度动词被视为个体和命题之间的关系。之前关于内容DP的“知道和相信”的研究就像谣言一样,倾向于将“知道CP”和“知道DP”视为多义词。在本文中,我指出了多义性遇到了概念和经验问题,并提出了一种新的分解方法来避免多义性;把know DP和know CP连到同一个词根上,广义上来说,这个词根描述了熟人。因此,这一分析提供了一种明确的、组成的形态语义联系,在知道DP和知道CP之间建立了联系,解释了DP作为认识对象的解释,并进一步抓住了知识和更广泛的活动与对情况(res)的认识联系在一起的观点(Kratzer 2002, a.o.)。基于对形态语法的详细检查以及对信念的DP和CP补语的解释,我进一步表明,DP可以与信念以与CP相同的方式结合,作为直接对象(如Uegaki 2016所述,饱和命题论证槽),或作为间接对象,通过一种态度应用(在这里提出)。前一个选项是为内容dp定义的,后一个选项是为代理dp定义的,即所谓的源dp。综上所述,这些建议解释了以下观察结果,即相信的DP句子的解释取决于DP的类型(相信谣言或相信裁判),而对于知道的动词,两种类型的DP都被解释为认识的对象。当前提议的核心思想是,像know和believe这样的动词在论点结构和内部词形语义组成层面上存在根本差异,从而通过不同的途径与dp结合;与认识和相信的统一方法相反的。“相信”动词描述的是与内涵内容的关系,需要外部许可机制才能与dp结合,而“知道”动词描述的是复杂的关系,从根本上根植于态度持有者对世界上(抽象或具体)个体的认识,因此将个体作为其论点结构的一部分。当前的建议还建立并增加了先前关于活动、dp互补和问题嵌入之间联系的见解。
{"title":"Knowing and Believing Things: What DP-Complementation Can Tell us about the Meaning and Composition of (Factive) Attitudes","authors":"Kajsa Djärv","doi":"10.1093/jos/ffac015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jos/ffac015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the Hintikkan tradition, attitude verbs are viewed as relations between individuals and propositions. Previous work on know and believe with Content DPs like the rumour has tended to treat know CP vs. know DP as polysemy. In this paper, I show that polysemy runs into conceptual and empirical problems, and propose instead a new decompositional approach to know-verbs, which avoids polysemy; linking both know DP and know CP to the same lexical root, which describes, broadly speaking, acquaintance. This analysis thus provides an explicit and compositional morpho-semantic link between know DP and know CP that accounts for the interpretation of DPs as objects of acquaintance, and further captures the idea that knowledge, and factivity more broadly, is tied to acquaintance with a situation, the res ( Kratzer 2002, a.o.). Based on detailed examination of the morpho-syntax and interpretation of DP and CP complements of believe, I further show that DPs can either combine with believe in the same fashion as CPs, as a direct object (saturating a propositional argument slot, as in Uegaki 2016), or as an indirect object, via a type of attitudinal applicative (proposed here). The former option is defined for Content DPs and the latter for agentive DPs, so-called Source DPs. Together, these proposals account for the observation that the interpretation of believe DP sentences varies depending on the type of DP (believe the rumour vs. believe the referee), whereas for know-verbs, both types of DPs are interpreted as objects of acquaintance. At the core of the current proposal is the idea that verbs like know and believe differ fundamentally at the level of argument structure and internal morpho-semantic composition, and thus combine with DPs via different routes; contrary to uniform approaches to know and believe. Whereas believe-verbs describe relations to intensional content, and require external licensing mechanisms to combine with DPs, know-verbs describe complex relations, fundamentally anchored in the attitude holder’s acquaintance with (abstract or concrete) individuals in the world, and thus make reference to individuals as part of their argument structure. The current proposal also builds on and adds to previous insights about connections between factivity, DP-complementation, and question-embedding.","PeriodicalId":46947,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semantics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45049932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Attitudes, Presuppositions, and the Binding Theory 态度、预设和约束理论
IF 0.9 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.1093/jos/ffad007
Kyle Blumberg
In order to handle presuppositions in the scope of attitude verbs, the binding theory allows presuppositions triggered in a subject's beliefs to be bound at the matrix level; and it allows presuppositions triggered in non-doxastic attitudes to be bound in the subject's beliefs (Geurts, 1999; Maier, 2015). However, we argue that this leads to serious overgeneration, for example it predicts that the unacceptable ‘Sue will come to the party, but Bill is sure that she won't and that only Sue will come to the party’ should be equivalent to the acceptable ‘Sue will come to the party, but Bill is sure that nobody will come to the party’. This is because the presupposition triggered by ‘only Sue will come to the party’ should be able to be bound at the matrix level. We discuss some responses to this problem, but argue that they all have shortcomings.
为了处理态度动词范围内的预设,绑定理论允许在主体信念中触发的预设在矩阵层面上被绑定;它允许在非对立态度中触发的预设在主体的信念中受到约束(Geurts, 1999;迈尔,2015)。然而,我们认为这会导致严重的代过,例如,它预测不可接受的“苏会来参加聚会,但比尔确信她不会,只有苏会来参加聚会”应该等同于可接受的“苏会来参加聚会,但比尔确信没有人会来”。这是因为由“只有苏会来参加聚会”触发的预设应该能够在矩阵级别上被绑定。我们讨论了对这个问题的一些回应,但认为它们都有缺点。
{"title":"Attitudes, Presuppositions, and the Binding Theory","authors":"Kyle Blumberg","doi":"10.1093/jos/ffad007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jos/ffad007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In order to handle presuppositions in the scope of attitude verbs, the binding theory allows presuppositions triggered in a subject's beliefs to be bound at the matrix level; and it allows presuppositions triggered in non-doxastic attitudes to be bound in the subject's beliefs (Geurts, 1999; Maier, 2015). However, we argue that this leads to serious overgeneration, for example it predicts that the unacceptable ‘Sue will come to the party, but Bill is sure that she won't and that only Sue will come to the party’ should be equivalent to the acceptable ‘Sue will come to the party, but Bill is sure that nobody will come to the party’. This is because the presupposition triggered by ‘only Sue will come to the party’ should be able to be bound at the matrix level. We discuss some responses to this problem, but argue that they all have shortcomings.","PeriodicalId":46947,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semantics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42661972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Semantic Incorporation in English Singular Indefinites 英语单数不确定性的语义整合
IF 0.9 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1093/jos/ffad005
S. Srinivas, Kyle Rawlins
In this paper, we introduce a class of exceptionally narrow-scoping singular indefinites in English (e.g., “Sam drove a car for several years before switching to a truck”), which pattern more closely with what have been termed “weak definites” in the literature (e.g., Poesio, 1994; Carlson et al., 2006) than with regular indefinites. While the existence of such exceptional “weak” indefinites has been previously anticipated by Klein et al. (2013), the category is difficult to distinguish from simple narrow-scoped singular indefinites in most contexts. Here, we argue that there is one environment where weak singular indefinites can be distinctively identified: namely, when they appear with for-adverbials. We sketch a concrete implementation of a semantic incorporation-based account for such nominals, bringing them analytically in line with incorporation analyses of weak definites, building closely on the ideas in Dayal (2011). We further briefly discuss how the proposed analysis adjudicates between two competing analyses for for-adverbials, one which assumes that for encodes a universal quantifier (e.g., Deo & Piñango, 2011) and another which takes for to be non-quantificational (e.g., Champollion, 2013), in favor of the latter view. We close by considering some remaining issues surrounding semantically incorporated DPs in English: specifically, how weak (in) definites relate to other nominals that receive covarying interpretations across contexts—such as bare plurals on the one hand (which we do not take to be semantically incorporated) and bare singulars on the other.
在本文中,我们在英语中引入了一类范围异常狭窄的奇异不确定性(例如,“Sam在换上卡车之前开了几年车”),这种模式与文献中所称的“弱定义”(例如,Poesio,1994;Carlson et al.,2006)更接近,而不是常规不确定性。虽然Klein等人之前已经预料到这种特殊的“弱”不确定性的存在。(2013),但在大多数情况下,该类别很难与简单的狭义奇异不确定性区分开来。在这里,我们认为有一种环境可以区分弱单数不确定性:即当它们与for状语一起出现时。我们在Dayal(2011)的思想的基础上,为这类名词描绘了一个基于语义合并的解释的具体实现,使它们在分析上与弱定义的合并分析一致。我们进一步简要讨论了所提出的分析如何在两种竞争性的for状语分析之间做出裁决,一种假设for编码一个通用量词(例如,Deo&Piñango,2011),另一种假设是非定量的(例如,Champollion,2013),支持后一种观点。最后,我们考虑了英语中语义结合的DP的一些遗留问题:特别是,弱(in)定义与其他在上下文中接受同变解释的名词之间的关系,例如裸复数(我们不认为它是语义结合的)和裸单数。
{"title":"Semantic Incorporation in English Singular Indefinites","authors":"S. Srinivas, Kyle Rawlins","doi":"10.1093/jos/ffad005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jos/ffad005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, we introduce a class of exceptionally narrow-scoping singular indefinites in English (e.g., “Sam drove a car for several years before switching to a truck”), which pattern more closely with what have been termed “weak definites” in the literature (e.g., Poesio, 1994; Carlson et al., 2006) than with regular indefinites. While the existence of such exceptional “weak” indefinites has been previously anticipated by Klein et al. (2013), the category is difficult to distinguish from simple narrow-scoped singular indefinites in most contexts. Here, we argue that there is one environment where weak singular indefinites can be distinctively identified: namely, when they appear with for-adverbials. We sketch a concrete implementation of a semantic incorporation-based account for such nominals, bringing them analytically in line with incorporation analyses of weak definites, building closely on the ideas in Dayal (2011). We further briefly discuss how the proposed analysis adjudicates between two competing analyses for for-adverbials, one which assumes that for encodes a universal quantifier (e.g., Deo & Piñango, 2011) and another which takes for to be non-quantificational (e.g., Champollion, 2013), in favor of the latter view. We close by considering some remaining issues surrounding semantically incorporated DPs in English: specifically, how weak (in) definites relate to other nominals that receive covarying interpretations across contexts—such as bare plurals on the one hand (which we do not take to be semantically incorporated) and bare singulars on the other.","PeriodicalId":46947,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semantics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42490199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
OUP accepted manuscript OUP接受稿件
IF 0.9 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jos/ffac005
{"title":"OUP accepted manuscript","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jos/ffac005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jos/ffac005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46947,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semantics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61594037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
OUP accepted manuscript OUP接受稿件
IF 0.9 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jos/ffac003
{"title":"OUP accepted manuscript","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jos/ffac003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jos/ffac003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46947,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Semantics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61594020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Semantics
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1