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Design Fiction as a Novel Approach to Cultivate Awareness of Social Responsibilities: An Explorative Study in a Technical Writing Course for Engineering Students 设计小说作为培养社会责任意识的新途径——工科学生技术写作课的探索性研究
IF 1.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1109/TPC.2025.3533176
Yunye Yu;Yiying Wu;Sibo Pan
Introduction: It has long been advocated that engineers should enhance their social and ethical responsibilities. With the rapid advancement of science and technology, this imperative becomes increasingly pressing. About the case: This teaching case took place in a public research university in China. The primary objective is to enhance engineering students’ understanding of their social responsibilities. Situating the case: This study is an exploration of the application of design fiction, a commonly utilized practice in interaction design, within the context of a technical writing course. Methods/approach: Within the study, participants were tasked to engage in creating speculative scenarios of future food in 2040. This scenario revolved around an imaginary technology related to food, envisioning its impact on people's lives and society. Through a structured process of guided speculation and critical reflection, participants wove together fragments of these future scenarios to craft complete fictional narratives. Results/discussion: The result of this investigation revealed that the fictions generated by participants encompass a diverse array of elements that manifest the writers’ heightened awareness of social responsibilities. Conclusion: We contend that this study introduces an innovative and engaging approach to the teaching of technical writing, one that holds promise as a valuable complement to the existing curriculum. Moreover, within the sphere of engineering education, this research underscores the potential of design fiction in nurturing a deeper understanding of social responsibilities among engineers, particularly on a “macroethical” scale.
长期以来,人们一直主张工程师应该增强他们的社会和道德责任。随着科学技术的飞速发展,这一任务变得越来越紧迫。案例简介:本教学案例发生在中国一所公立研究型大学。主要目的是增强工科学生对社会责任的理解。情境分析:本研究是在技术写作课程的背景下探索设计小说的应用,这是交互设计中常用的实践。方法/途径:在研究中,参与者被要求参与2040年未来食物的推测场景。这个场景围绕着一种与食物相关的想象技术,设想它对人们生活和社会的影响。通过一个结构化的过程,引导猜测和批判性反思,参与者将这些未来场景的片段编织在一起,以制作完整的虚构故事。结果/讨论:本次调查的结果显示,参与者创作的小说包含了多种元素,这些元素体现了作者高度的社会责任意识。结论:我们认为这项研究引入了一种创新和引人入胜的技术写作教学方法,这种方法有望成为现有课程的宝贵补充。此外,在工程教育领域,这项研究强调了设计小说在培养工程师对社会责任的更深层次理解方面的潜力,特别是在“宏观伦理”层面。
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引用次数: 0
“The City Residents Do Not Get Involved”: Understanding Barriers to Community Participation in a Small Texas Boomtown “城市居民不参与”:了解德克萨斯州一个新兴小镇社区参与的障碍
IF 1.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1109/TPC.2025.3530783
Clay Spinuzzi;Andrew Booth;Maclain Scott;Drake Gossi;Tristin Brynn Hooker;Nigel O'Hearn
Background: Professional communication researchers have engaged communities through community research and interventions, such as town halls, charettes, and participatory design work. Such interventions rely on community members who are willing to get involved, voicing their perspectives, and engaging in productive dialogue. Yet, some communities do not have these precursor conditions for intervention: they face significant social barriers that make such interventions unlikely to succeed. In an interview- and document-based study, we examine the social barriers described by interviewees in “Permia,” a small town in the Texas Permian Basin region. In contrast to the five other communities we studied, Permia participants demonstrate little readiness to engage in community dialogue. We explore how Permia interviewees made sense of unwillingness to participate in its public life, how their understandings contrasted with the other communities we investigated, and how this research might guide professional communicators as they plan future community-based interventions. Literature review: We review the professional communication research on community interventions as well as relevant sociological literature on boomtowns. Research questions: 1. How do community leaders understand their community heritage as constraining or enabling development? 2. Where do community leaders and members see potential for change and growth in community development? Where do they see barriers, threats, and hard choices? 3. How do community leaders describe the relations among community development stakeholders? How do they describe expectations and trust among them on interpersonal, intergroup, and interorganizational levels? Research methodology: We collected documents and statistics about six small Texas towns, then interviewed community leaders about the towns’ advantages and challenges. Based on those interviews, we collected further documents. We analyzed the data using deductive and inductive coding, as well as narrative analysis. Results/discussion: Through coding, we determined that interviewees saw Permia's residents as unwilling to engage in deliberations in traditional forums such as city council meetings, and that their explanations for this unwillingness fell into three categories of barriers: distrust of institutions, dwindling personal ties, and lack of moral expectations for residents to engage in community dialogue. These three categories contrast with the other communities we studied. Through narrative analysis, we identify stories that were told by the interviewees to explain how these barriers developed in Permia. Conclusion: We conclude by discussing how professional communicators might survey barriers to community dialogue. Such surveys can help professional communicators choose a pathway for intervention in their community projects.
背景:专业传播研究人员通过社区研究和干预,如市政厅、租屋和参与式设计工作,让社区参与进来。这种干预依赖于愿意参与的社区成员,表达他们的观点,并参与富有成效的对话。然而,一些社区不具备这些干预的先决条件:他们面临重大的社会障碍,使此类干预不太可能成功。在一项基于访谈和文献的研究中,我们研究了德克萨斯州二叠纪盆地地区的一个小镇“Permia”的受访者所描述的社会障碍。与我们研究的其他五个社区相比,Permia的参与者很少愿意参与社区对话。我们探讨了Permia受访者如何理解不愿意参与其公共生活,他们的理解与我们调查的其他社区相比如何,以及这项研究如何指导专业传播者计划未来的社区干预。文献综述:回顾了社区干预的专业传播研究以及新兴城市的相关社会学文献。研究问题:1;社区领导人如何理解他们的社区遗产是限制发展还是促进发展?2. 社区领导人和成员认为社区发展的变化和增长潜力在哪里?他们在哪里看到障碍、威胁和艰难的选择?3. 社区领导人如何描述社区发展利益相关者之间的关系?他们如何描述他们之间在人际、团队间和组织间的期望和信任?研究方法:我们收集了有关德克萨斯州六个小城镇的文件和统计数据,然后采访了社区领导人,了解这些城镇的优势和挑战。在这些采访的基础上,我们收集了更多的文件。我们使用演绎和归纳编码以及叙事分析来分析数据。结果/讨论:通过编码,我们确定受访者认为Permia的居民不愿意参与传统论坛(如市议会会议)的讨论,他们对这种不愿意的解释分为三类障碍:对机构的不信任,人际关系的减少,以及对居民参与社区对话缺乏道德期望。这三个类别与我们研究的其他社区形成对比。通过叙事分析,我们确定了受访者讲述的故事,以解释这些障碍是如何在Permia发展起来的。结论:我们最后讨论了专业传播者如何调查社区对话的障碍。这些调查可以帮助专业传播者选择干预社区项目的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Study of Scientific Research Poster Design Favors Complete Assertion Headings and No Abstracts Over Other Formats 科研海报设计的比较研究:标题完整、无摘要
IF 1.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1109/TPC.2025.3529094
Joanna Wolfe;Juliann Reineke;Jennifer Lott
Background: Millions of scientific research posters are presented at conferences every year, yet little research exists to guide poster design. Literature review: There is widespread dissatisfaction with the state of scientific research posters. Research from technical and professional communication suggests that the typical research poster could be improved with complete sentence assertion headings. Research question: How does poster format affect audience comprehension and reader preference? Research methodology: In Study 1, undergraduates read posters in two different formats—Complete Assertion Headings and short, Topical Phrase Headings—and answered questions about comprehension and preference. In Studies 2a (engineering educators) and 2b (engineering faculty), participants answered questions about their perceptions of three different poster formats: Complete Assertion Headings, traditional IMRD headings + Abstract, and the popular #betterposter billboard style template. In a short teaching case study, students used these research results to develop their own posters and adapted the templates that we presented. Results: Study 1 found that Complete Assertion Headings, compared to topical headings, improved student recall, and students preferred the complete assertion format. Study 2a found that engineering educators preferred nontraditional poster formats (both the Complete Assertion Heading and the #betterposter format) to the traditional IMRD + Abstract format. Study 2b found that mechanical engineering faculty preferred the Complete Assertion Heading to other formats. Conclusion: We recommend that practitioners consider using Complete Assertion Headings on their posters, and we provide examples of exemplary student posters.
背景:每年在会议上展示的科研海报数以百万计,但很少有研究指导海报设计。文献综述:人们对科研海报的现状普遍不满。来自技术和专业交流的研究表明,典型的研究海报可以通过完整的句子断言标题来改进。研究问题:海报格式如何影响观众理解和读者偏好?研究方法:在研究1中,本科生阅读两种不同格式的海报——完整的断言标题和简短的主题短语标题——并回答关于理解和偏好的问题。在研究2a(工程教育工作者)和2b(工程教师)中,参与者回答了关于他们对三种不同海报格式的看法的问题:完整断言标题,传统IMRD标题+摘要,以及流行的#better海报广告牌样式模板。在一个简短的教学案例研究中,学生们利用这些研究结果开发了他们自己的海报,并采用了我们提供的模板。结果:研究1发现,与主题标题相比,完整断言标题提高了学生的记忆力,学生更喜欢完整断言格式。研究2a发现,与传统的IMRD +摘要格式相比,工程教育工作者更喜欢非传统的海报格式(包括完整断言标题和#betterposter格式)。研究2b发现,与其他格式相比,机械工程学院更喜欢完整断言标题。结论:我们建议从业者考虑在他们的海报上使用完整的断言标题,我们提供了典型的学生海报的例子。
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引用次数: 0
What is in a Name? An Analysis of UK Online Technical Communication Advertisements 名字的含义是什么?英国网络技术传播广告分析
IF 1.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1109/TPC.2025.3528716
Marie McCullagh;Yvonne Cleary
Background: Technical communication job advertisements can indicate current and future trends for pedagogy and practice, and for the development of the profession. Literature review: Although recent research has explored US technical communication job ads, no study to date has examined advertisements specifically for technical writer roles based in the UK. The unique academic and industrial context in the UK warrants such a study. Research questions: 1. What role do educational qualifications play in the UK technical communication job market? 2. What skills and competencies do employers see as part of technical communication roles in the UK job market? 3. What are the sectors in which technical communicators are employed in the UK? Methodology: This study involves a quantitative and qualitative analysis of job advertisements collected over a one-week period from LinkedIn and Indeed, and two prominent job search aggregator platforms in the UK. Results/discussion: Despite the absence of formal third-level technical communication academic programs in the UK, the terms “technical writer” and “technical author” are prominent in the job market. Where educational requirements are included in advertisements, these tend to be domain-specific. Software development is the leading employment sector, with available jobs distributed across a range of additional sectors. Personal characteristics and competencies required are broadly in line with previous research. Conclusion: Our findings suggest key competencies associated with the specific job title “technical writer/author.” They are a springboard for further qualitative research—e.g., using interviews—to explore the profiles and boundaries in technical communication in the UK. A mixed-methods study that includes job ads, questionnaires, and in-person observations would enable further classification of technical communication roles.
背景:技术传播招聘广告可以显示当前和未来的教学和实践趋势,以及该专业的发展趋势。文献回顾:虽然最近的研究已经探讨了美国的技术交流招聘广告,但迄今为止还没有研究专门针对英国的技术作家职位的广告。英国独特的学术和工业环境值得进行这样的研究。研究问题:1;教育资格证书在英国技术通信就业市场中扮演什么角色?2. 在英国就业市场上,雇主认为技术沟通角色的一部分是什么技能和能力?3. 在英国,技术传播者在哪些部门工作?研究方法:本研究对从领英(LinkedIn)和Indeed这两个英国著名的求职聚合平台收集的招聘广告进行了为期一周的定量和定性分析。结果/讨论:尽管英国缺乏正式的三级技术交流学术课程,但术语“技术作家”和“技术作者”在就业市场上很突出。当广告中包含教育要求时,这些要求往往是针对特定领域的。软件开发是主要的就业部门,在一系列其他部门中分布着可用的工作。所需的个人特征和能力与先前的研究大致一致。结论:我们的发现表明了与“技术作家/作者”这一特定职位相关的关键能力。它们是进一步定性研究的跳板。,通过访谈来探索英国技术交流的概况和界限。包括招聘广告、问卷调查和亲自观察在内的混合方法研究将使技术沟通角色的进一步分类成为可能。
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引用次数: 0
Capturing the Experiences of Simulated Writing for Novice Virtual Reality Users 捕捉新手虚拟现实用户的模拟写作体验
IF 1.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1109/TPC.2025.3529095
Rich Shivener;Jason Tham
Introduction: Modern virtual-reality (VR) systems afford opportunities to study how writers adapt their everyday writing practices to virtual environments while adjusting to real-world materiality. Based on a multi-institutional study of writers’ activities, this tutorial offers recommendations for designing and conducting test sessions to capture the user experience of first-time VR users in simulated writing scenarios. Key concepts: We situate VR within existing literature regarding design, human–computer interaction, usability, and the notions of presence, embodiment, and materiality. Key lessons: We present five key lessons to consider for testing writing in VR. 1. Space matters when studying participants writing with technologies. 2. Some VR applications are exclusive to devices. 3. A focus on brief tasks anticipates what writers will encounter when they write with a VR headset for the first time ever or in a professional context. 4. For understanding embodied actions, researchers should also capture the first-person view of the participant wearing the designated headset. 5. Media-rich transcripts create records of what was spoken in the sessions as well as notating, through text and media, what actions were taken by participants. Implications for practice: VR research depends on institutional infrastructure, embodied participation, and researcher intervention to adjust usability testing and mental models. These challenges provide exciting opportunities for TPC research and classroom projects that introduce VR.
简介:现代虚拟现实(VR)系统提供了研究作家如何将他们的日常写作实践适应虚拟环境,同时适应现实世界物质的机会。基于对作家活动的多机构研究,本教程提供了设计和进行测试会话的建议,以捕获虚拟现实用户在模拟写作场景中的首次用户体验。关键概念:我们将VR置于现有的关于设计、人机交互、可用性以及存在、体现和物质性的概念的文献中。关键教训:我们提出了在VR中测试写作的五个关键教训。1. 在研究参与者使用技术写作时,空间很重要。2. 一些VR应用程序是设备独有的。3. 专注于简短的任务,可以预测作者在第一次使用VR头显或在专业环境中写作时会遇到什么。4. 为了理解具身行为,研究人员还应该捕捉佩戴指定耳机的参与者的第一人称视角。5. 富媒体记录可以记录会议中所说的内容,并通过文本和媒体记录与会者采取的行动。对实践的启示:虚拟现实研究依赖于制度基础设施、具体参与和研究者干预来调整可用性测试和心理模型。这些挑战为TPC研究和引入VR的课堂项目提供了令人兴奋的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Navigating Immigration as an Alien: A Critical Interface Analysis of the US Citizenship and Immigration Services Website 导航移民作为一个外国人:美国公民和移民服务网站的关键界面分析
IF 1.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1109/TPC.2025.3528758
Jianfen Chen;Shyam Pandey;Sweta Baniya
Introduction: This article provides a critical interface analysis of the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) website to reveal how systemic oppressions embedded in governmental websites create injustice among minoritized communities. Literature review: We situate this research within the existing scholarship about the multilingual user interface, usability studies, and the issues of linguistic social justice as it intersects with technical and professional communication. Research questions: 1. How does the USCIS website's content cater to diverse immigrant populations in terms of usability, specifically considering Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) for accessible websites? 2. From a user-experience perspective, are the USCIS website navigation tools obtrusive in presenting information? Are there issues of power and privilege through the inclusion/exclusion of certain voices? 3. What ideological and cultural assumptions does its interface design impart to diverse website users through its tools, content organization logic, and visual style? Research method: Working under the critical interface analysis framework and adopting a walkthrough approach, we analyze the official website of the USCIS. Results/discussion: The USCIS website prioritizes English or Spanish proficiency, potentially excluding users with other diverse language backgrounds. First-time users lack immediate access to essential features, and the site overlooks the needs of its diverse immigrant population, with limited language options, multimedia resources, and occasional discrepancies in content. Using terms like “alien” contradicts the inclusive image the US aims for. The Multilingual Resource Center faces document translation shortages, contributing to a potential digital divide. Inclusive design choices are crucial for creating a welcoming environment and addressing these concerns. Conclusion: These findings have implications for understanding the rhetorics of immigration policy, power, identity, and government perceptions.
本文对美国公民及移民服务局(USCIS)网站进行了关键的界面分析,以揭示嵌入政府网站的系统性压迫如何在少数族裔社区中造成不公正。文献回顾:我们将这项研究置于现有的关于多语言用户界面、可用性研究和语言社会正义问题的学术研究中,因为它与技术和专业交流相交叉。研究问题:1;USCIS网站的内容如何在可用性方面迎合不同的移民人群,特别是考虑到网站的Web内容可访问性指南(WCAG) ?2. 从用户体验的角度来看,USCIS网站导航工具在展示信息时是否显得突兀?通过接纳或排斥某些声音,是否存在权力和特权问题?3. 它的界面设计通过它的工具、内容组织逻辑和视觉风格向不同的网站用户传递了什么样的思想和文化假设?研究方法:在关键界面分析框架下,采用演练的方法,对USCIS官方网站进行分析。结果/讨论:USCIS网站优先考虑英语或西班牙语熟练程度,可能会排除其他不同语言背景的用户。第一次使用该网站的用户无法立即访问其基本功能,而且该网站忽视了其多样化移民群体的需求,语言选择有限,多媒体资源有限,内容有时也存在差异。使用像“外星人”这样的词语与美国所追求的包容形象相矛盾。多语种资源中心面临着文件翻译短缺的问题,造成了潜在的数字鸿沟。包容性的设计选择对于创造一个温馨的环境和解决这些问题至关重要。结论:这些发现对理解移民政策、权力、身份和政府观念的修辞具有启示意义。
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引用次数: 0
2024 Index IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication Vol. 67 2024索引IEEE专业通信交易卷67
IF 1.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1109/TPC.2024.3508067
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引用次数: 0
IEEE Professional Communication Society Information IEEE 专业通信学会信息
IF 1.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/TPC.2024.3489358
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引用次数: 0
IEEE Professional Communication Society Information IEEE 专业通信学会信息
IF 1.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/TPC.2024.3489373
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引用次数: 0
IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication Information for Authors 电气和电子工程师学会《专业通信论文集》为作者提供的信息
IF 1.6 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/TPC.2024.3489372
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引用次数: 0
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