Nationalities Papers-The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity最新文献

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Effect of Controlling the Cardiovascular Risk Factors on the Cognitive Decline Prevention in the Elderly: A Systematic Review. 控制心血管风险因素对预防老年人认知能力下降的影响：系统回顾

3区社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES

Nationalities Papers-The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity

Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.2022.1551.2

Maryam Noroozian, Alia Shakiba, Fatemeh Mohammadian

With the increasing proportion of the elderly population, neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia are becoming more prevalent worldwide. Vascular risk factors are considered significant targets for cognitive decline prevention. We reviewed the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on cognitive decline prevention in the elderly to evaluate the quantity and quality of evidence in managing the elderly population with cognitive decline. Data analysis was available from 25 studies that explored the effects of controlling cardiovascular risk factors on the risk of cognitive impairment. These risk factors include diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, and exercise and physical activity. The most positive evidence was found for exercise and physical activity. On the other hand, diabetes mellitus and cholesterol modifications showed no positive impact on cognitive function. Studies on hypertension control were incongruous. There is a need for large-sample, robust randomized clinical trials to provide sufficient evidence for the modification of various cardiovascular risk factors in preventing cognitive decline.

随着老年人口比例的增加，痴呆症等神经退行性疾病在全球范围内越来越普遍。血管风险因素被认为是预防认知能力下降的重要目标。我们回顾了心血管风险因素对预防老年人认知功能衰退的影响，以评估管理认知功能衰退老年人群的证据的数量和质量。有 25 项研究探讨了控制心血管风险因素对认知功能障碍风险的影响，我们对这些研究进行了数据分析。这些风险因素包括糖尿病、高血压、高胆固醇水平以及运动和体育锻炼。运动和体育锻炼获得的证据最为积极。另一方面，糖尿病和胆固醇的改变对认知功能没有积极影响。关于高血压控制的研究不协调。有必要进行大样本、稳健的随机临床试验，为改变各种心血管风险因素预防认知功能下降提供足够的证据。

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The Zelensky Effect, by Olga Onuch and Henry E. Hale, Hurst Publishers, 2022, 424pp., $24.95 (hardcover), ISBN 9781787388635. 《泽伦斯基效应》，奥尔加·奥努奇和亨利·e·黑尔著，赫斯特出版社，2022年，424页。， 24.95美元(精装)，ISBN 9781787388635。

3区社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES

Nationalities Papers-The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity

Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1017/nps.2023.72

Lowell Barrington

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Transcultural, Transnational Histories: A Response to Stefano Bianchini’s Liquid Nationalism and State Partitions in Europe – CORRIGENDUM 跨文化，跨国历史:对斯蒂法诺·比安基尼的流动民族主义和欧洲国家分裂的回应-勘误表

3区社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES

Nationalities Papers-The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity

Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1017/nps.2023.79

Radhika Mohanram

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NPS volume 51 issue 6 Cover and Back matter NPS第51卷第6期封面和封底

3区社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES

Nationalities Papers-The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity

Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1017/nps.2023.78

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NPS volume 51 issue 6 Cover and Front matter NPS第51卷第6期封面和封面问题

3区社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES

Nationalities Papers-The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity

Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1017/nps.2023.77

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National Pride and the Insecure Social Bond between People and the State: The Socio-emotional Context of National Identity in Post-Soviet Neoliberal Latvia 民族自豪感与人民与国家之间不安全的社会联系:后苏联新自由主义拉脱维亚国家认同的社会情感背景

3区社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES

Nationalities Papers-The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity

Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1017/nps.2023.71

Iveta Ķešāne

Abstract This article explores the socio-emotional dimension of national belonging in post-Soviet neoliberal Latvia from the perspective of national pride. I propose this perspective since national pride shapes the character of national belonging. Studies show that national pride in socioeconomic and political attainment is low in post-Soviet countries and Latvia particularly. Influenced by social bond and commitment theories, this study explores why this might be the case by establishing national pride as a relational emotion of national belonging. For understanding national pride it is not enough to explore how people relate to their states. It is also necessary to understand how the states relate to their people, whether they recognize their state constituents, their needs and feel pride in them, and whether they shape social bonds among people. This study explores this question: how does the character of state-society relationship accounts for the low national pride in post-Soviet neoliberal Latvia? To answer, I combine the analysis of the post-Soviet civil discourse and an in-depth exploration of the narratives of 59 emigrants that have left Latvia toward the West in the post-Soviet era. The bonds formed between the Latvian political elite and Western countries during the post-Soviet transformations brought into Latvia neoliberal ideas and policies that, I argue, formed an insecure state-society bond, eroding an opportunity for national pride to flourish and weakening national belonging.

摘要本文从民族自豪感的角度探讨后苏联新自由主义拉脱维亚的民族归属感的社会情感维度。我之所以提出这个观点，是因为民族自豪感塑造了民族归属感的特征。研究表明，后苏联国家在社会经济和政治成就方面的民族自豪感很低，拉脱维亚尤其如此。受社会纽带和承诺理论的影响，本研究通过将民族自豪感作为一种民族归属感的关系情感来探讨为什么会出现这种情况。要理解民族自豪感，仅仅探索人们与国家的关系是不够的。还必须了解国家是如何与人民联系在一起的，他们是否认识到他们的国家成员，他们的需求并为他们感到自豪，以及他们是否在人民之间形成社会纽带。本研究探讨了这样一个问题:国家-社会关系的特征如何解释后苏联新自由主义拉脱维亚的低民族自豪感?为了回答这个问题，我结合了对后苏联公民话语的分析，以及对后苏联时代离开拉脱维亚走向西方的59名移民的叙述的深入探索。我认为，后苏联转型期间拉脱维亚政治精英与西方国家之间形成的纽带给拉脱维亚带来了新自由主义思想和政策，形成了一种不安全的国家-社会纽带，侵蚀了民族自豪感蓬勃发展的机会，削弱了民族归属感。

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The “Kamerun Idea”: E pluribus unum Cameroon “喀麦隆理念”:喀麦隆合众一体

3区社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES

Nationalities Papers-The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity

Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1017/nps.2023.73

Nguh Nwei Asanga Fon

Abstract Since independence, the “Anglophone” and “Francophone” identities (both legacies of British and French colonialism, respectively) have remained the dominant national identity of Cameroonians. This linguistic national identity was formalized by the adoption of bilingualism at the dawn of independence and the enactment of English and French as the two official languages of the country. Nationalism and national integration in the Cameroonian context therefore revolve around the cohabitation of the aforementioned distinct linguistic and cultural identities, which harbors significant incompatibilities. This article probes into the effectiveness of the cohabitation model of nation-building in Cameroon and attempts a new alternative. A survey was conducted to sample the opinion of Cameroonians on national identity and nationalism in Cameroon. The results indicate there are enormous challenges with the implementation of the cohabitation model, which an overwhelming majority of respondent believe has a negative impact on national integration. A new approach dubbed “Civic-multicultural model” is proposed. This model is based on the “Kamerun Idea,” which is a glaring reminder that before being “anglicized” by the British on the one side of the Mungo river, and “gallicized” by the French on the other side, the inhabitants offshore the “Rios dos Cameroes” were first “kamerunized” by the Germans.

自独立以来，“说英语的”和“说法语的”身份(分别是英国和法国殖民主义的遗产)一直是喀麦隆人的主要民族身份。这种语言上的民族认同在独立之初通过双语的采用和英语和法语作为国家的两种官方语言的颁布而形式化。因此，喀麦隆境内的民族主义和民族一体化围绕着上述不同的语言和文化特性的共存，其中存在着重大的不兼容性。本文探讨了同居国家建设模式在喀麦隆的有效性，并尝试了一种新的选择。进行了一项调查，以抽样喀麦隆人对喀麦隆的民族认同和民族主义的看法。结果表明，同居模式的实施面临着巨大的挑战，绝大多数受访者认为同居模式对国家融合有负面影响。提出了一种被称为“公民多元文化模式”的新方法。这种模式是基于“喀麦隆理念”，这是一个明显的提醒，在蒙戈河的一边被英国人“英国化”，另一边被法国人“法国化”之前，“喀麦隆里奥斯”沿岸的居民首先被德国人“喀麦隆化”。

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Forms of National and European Identity: A Research Note Reviewing Literature of Cross-National Studies 民族与欧洲认同的形式:跨国研究文献综述

3区社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES

Nationalities Papers-The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity

Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1017/nps.2023.66

Philipp König

Abstract In the past decades, numerous publications have been addressing questions of national and European Identity on the micro level. Only few shed light on the contents that constitute these identities in the minds of Europeans. As different meanings of national and European identity are connected to different consequences such as hostile attitudes toward immigrants or Euroskepticism, reviewing attempts to measure these contents in existing cross-national surveys seems to be promising. This research note summarizes relevant literature on whether and which different forms of national and European identity have been found empirically, which specific contents constitute them, and which determinants and consequences of them are relevant. By comparing articles relying on cross-national survey data since 1995, it will be shown that the field of forms of national and European identity involves different operationalizations and numerous methodological concerns. This leads to considerations for further research in the field.

在过去的几十年里，许多出版物一直在微观层面上解决国家和欧洲认同的问题。在欧洲人的思想中，只有少数几本书阐明了构成这些身份的内容。由于民族和欧洲身份的不同含义与对移民或欧洲怀疑主义的敌对态度等不同后果有关，因此，在现有的跨国调查中审查衡量这些内容的尝试似乎是有希望的。本研究笔记总结了相关文献是否以及哪些不同形式的国家和欧洲认同已经被发现，哪些具体内容构成了它们，哪些决定因素和它们的后果是相关的。通过比较1995年以来依靠跨国调查数据的文章，将显示国家和欧洲认同形式领域涉及不同的操作方法和许多方法问题。这导致了对该领域进一步研究的考虑。

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Yellow Star, Red Star: Response to Critiques 黄星，红星:对批评的回应

3区社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES

Nationalities Papers-The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity

Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1017/nps.2023.76

Jelena Subotić

There is no greater honor for an author than to respond to such generous and thoughtful engagement with one’s work such as the two commentaries by Mila Dragojević and Tamara Trošt. These commentaries are that much more appreciated as both Dragojević and Trošt have contributed tremendous scholarship on memory politics and historical narratives in the Western Balkans and in many ways Yellow Star, Red Star builds on their own work.

对于一个作家来说，没有什么比回应米拉·德拉戈耶维奇和塔玛拉的两篇评论Trošt这样慷慨和深思熟虑的作品更大的荣誉了。这些评论更值得赞赏，因为德拉戈耶维奇和Trošt在西巴尔干半岛的记忆政治和历史叙事方面贡献了大量的学术研究，在很多方面，黄星和红星都是建立在他们自己的工作基础上的。

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Photography and Political Repressions in Stalin’s Russia: Defacing the Enemy, by Denis Skopin, Routledge, 2022, 168 pp., $170 (hardback), ISBN 9781032027050, $47.65 (ebook), ISBN 9781003184744. 《斯大林时期俄罗斯的摄影与政治镇压:丑化敌人》，丹尼斯·斯科平著，劳特利奇出版社，2022年版，168页，170美元(精装本)，ISBN 9781032027050, 47.65美元(电子书)，ISBN 9781003184744。

3区社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES

Nationalities Papers-The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity

Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1017/nps.2023.75

Serguei Alex. Oushakine

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