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Teaching What Society Needs: “Hacking” an Introductory Marketing Course With Sustainability and Macromarketing 教什么社会需要:“黑客”与可持续发展和宏观营销入门课程
IF 2.4 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-11-17 DOI: 10.1177/02734753211058070
Forrest Watson, Julie V. Stanton, Stefanie Beninger, C. Domegan, Alexander E. Reppel, S. Shapiro
Marketing classes are often focused on the micro level, failing to account for wider societal issues. In this article, we argue for the inclusion of a wider macro-sustainability focus, one that “hacks” marketing education. With that objective in mind, we developed and delivered an introductory marketing course that integrated both the micro and the macro, thus infusing the course with macro-sustainability. This was done through an “expanded voice” perspective that included alternate complementary micro and macro class sessions while using a traditional managerial marketing textbook supplemented by macro-sustainability materials. We also integrated a controversies approach to support discussion and learning. We taught this course to 150 undergraduate students and conducted both quantitative and qualitative assessments of the course, including comparing results with an “unhacked” marketing course. Findings indicated increased awareness of macro-sustainability topics and movement on appreciation of sustainability and the role marketing can have in achieving this awareness. Finally, we offer a model of how marketing classes at all levels can be “hacked” with a macro-sustainability approach.
市场营销课程往往侧重于微观层面,而没有考虑到更广泛的社会问题。在这篇文章中,我们主张包含更广泛的宏观可持续性焦点,一个“黑客”营销教育。考虑到这一目标,我们开发并提供了一门整合微观和宏观的入门营销课程,从而使课程具有宏观可持续性。这是通过“扩大声音”的视角来完成的,其中包括微观和宏观课程的交替补充,同时使用传统的管理营销教科书和宏观可持续性材料。我们还整合了一个有争议的方法来支持讨论和学习。我们向150名本科生教授了这门课程,并对这门课程进行了定量和定性评估,包括将结果与一门“未开课”的市场营销课程进行比较。调查结果表明,对宏观可持续性主题的认识有所提高,对可持续性的认识有所提高,市场营销在实现这一认识方面可以发挥作用。最后,我们提供了一个模型,说明如何用宏观可持续性方法“破解”所有层次的营销课程。
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引用次数: 8
Blended Learning in Principles of Marketing: The Effects of Student Differences on Student Performance 市场营销原理中的混合式学习:学生差异对学生表现的影响
IF 2.4 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-11-13 DOI: 10.1177/02734753211058357
Joseph P. Cannon, Ritu Lohtia, Brianna JeeWon Paulich
Blended learning, which combines the benefits of both online learning and face-to-face instruction, is becoming popular in higher education. Despite its increase in application, there is limited research on the mechanisms to improve student performance in blended learning courses. This article aims to identify and empirically test individual factors influencing student performance in an introductory marketing course offered in a blended learning format. Through two surveys conducted during the semester at two large, public business schools, we find that metacognitive regulation, metacognitive knowledge, and student effort enhance student performance in blended learning courses. We also find that self-efficacy and course-specific attitudes affect metacognition and student effort. Based on the results, we provide practical strategies to design blended learning courses that improve student performance.
混合式学习结合了在线学习和面对面教学的优点,在高等教育中越来越流行。尽管混合式学习的应用越来越多,但对混合式学习课程中提高学生成绩的机制的研究却很有限。本文旨在确定并实证检验影响学生在混合学习形式的市场营销入门课程中的表现的个人因素。通过本学期在两所大型公立商学院进行的两次调查,我们发现元认知调节、元认知知识和学生努力提高了学生在混合学习课程中的表现。我们还发现,自我效能感和课程态度影响元认知和学生的努力。根据结果,我们提供实用的策略来设计混合式学习课程,以提高学生的表现。
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引用次数: 2
Experiencing the Macromarketing Dimensions of Sustainability: Lessons Learned From Field Trips to the Ultra Novel 体验可持续发展的宏观营销维度:从实地考察到超级小说的经验教训
IF 2.4 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.1177/02734753211049825
Anthony Samuel, Robert Thomas, Cathy McGouran, G. White
This paper seeks to determine the value of field trips that help establish macromarketing and sustainability scholarship in mainstream business/marketing education. It explores the experiences of postgraduate marketing and business strategy students undertaking a field trip to the “World’s Greenest Football Club,” Forest Green Rovers. It responds to the call to establish the macromarketing viewpoint within business and management education and provides contemporary insight into the hitherto unexplored use of field trips for postgraduate students. Through student focus groups, the study identifies the importance of selecting field trip locations where the complex and interwoven interplay of meso, micro, and macro activities can be critically evaluated through multiple stakeholder interactions. In addition, it points to the value of students experiencing “ultra-novel” organizations and situations to motivate learning, stimulate critical debate, and thereby facilitate cognition of macromarketing systems and sustainability.
本文旨在确定实地考察的价值,这有助于在主流商业/营销教育中建立宏观营销和可持续性奖学金。它探讨了研究生市场营销和商业战略的学生进行实地考察的经验,“世界上最环保的足球俱乐部”,森林绿色流浪者。它响应了在商业和管理教育中建立宏观营销观点的呼吁,并为研究生提供了迄今为止尚未探索的实地考察的当代见解。通过学生焦点小组,该研究确定了选择实地考察地点的重要性,在那里,中观、微观和宏观活动的复杂和相互交织的相互作用可以通过多个利益相关者的互动进行批判性评估。此外,它指出了学生体验“超新颖”组织和情境的价值,以激励学习,激发批判性辩论,从而促进对宏观营销系统和可持续性的认知。
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引用次数: 2
Using Macromarketing to Teach Business Sustainability 使用宏观营销来教授商业可持续性
IF 2.4 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.1177/02734753211048538
M. Peterson
The first macromarketing seminar held in 1976 represented a first attempt to “hack the system” of business schools to bring a societal focus to the teaching of marketing. This effort resulted eventually in macromarketing becoming a major field of the marketing discipline. Today, forces outside the business school are pointing business schools to broaden their curricula to include social responsibility in the form of macromarketing, sustainability, and marketing for a better world. The purpose of this article is to discuss the challenges and opportunities of teaching macromarketing and sustainability concepts to business students so that more macromarketing managers would develop and exert their influence in marketplaces around the world. Important points include (a) the imperative for macromarketing-minded educators to advocate for curriculum changes in their own business schools, and (b) the need for macromarketing-minded educators to become more capable teachers of macromarketing and sustainability content with students more skeptical about such content. This article offers a constructivist approach to setting the stage for students engaging macromarketing and sustainability content for the first time. Embracing the paradox of managerial macromarketing and integrating experiential learning highlight this approach.
1976年举行的第一次宏观营销研讨会代表了首次尝试“破解”商学院的系统,将社会焦点带到营销教学中。这种努力最终导致宏观营销成为营销学科的一个主要领域。如今,商学院以外的力量正要求商学院拓宽课程,以宏观营销、可持续性和创造更美好世界的营销等形式,将社会责任纳入其中。本文的目的是讨论向商学院学生教授宏观营销和可持续性概念的挑战和机遇,以便更多的宏观营销经理能够在世界各地的市场中发展并发挥他们的影响力。要点包括:(a)具有宏观营销意识的教育工作者迫切需要在他们自己的商学院倡导课程改革,以及(b)具有宏观营销意识的教育工作者需要成为更有能力的宏观营销和可持续性内容的教师,而学生对这些内容更加怀疑。本文提供了一种建构主义的方法,为学生第一次参与宏观营销和可持续性内容设置舞台。拥抱管理宏观营销的悖论和整合体验式学习突出了这一方法。
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引用次数: 6
Consumer Insights: A Turning Point for Marketing Research Education 消费者洞察:市场研究教育的转折点
IF 2.4 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.1177/02734753211046448
A. Mills, J. Hair
There is an elephant in the room. We need to talk about it. So we are just going to come out and say it—the marketing research class is boring, and it is not clear whether students like it as it is currently structured and delivered. Unfortunately, that is our fault as marketing educators. Ouch! The first step is admitting we have a problem. Not just a small one, either. Now that we have settled that, we are liberated to talk about the why and how, so we can identify a solution and begin moving forward. Let us start at the beginning. Marketing research is one of the central pillars of marketing education programs around the world. Almost all accredited business schools offer research courses as a core, and almost always as a required course in a program of study for marketing majors. Literally thousands of professors have developed and taught marketing research classes, and many hundreds of thousands of students have taken these classes. Yet despite its ubiquity, the marketing research class is not one students tend to look forward to, and we have known this for decades (Castleberry, 2001; Mills, 2010). Traditionally, there have been two critical issues driving the lack of student enthusiasm. First, the marketing research class is inherently filled with relatively dry subject matter that is difficult to make interesting, engaging, and relevant for students (Bridges, 1999; Talafuse, 2021). Second, marketing students in particular have relatively high levels of anxiety when it comes to anything quantitative in nature (Freeman & Spanjaard, 2012; Tarasi et al., 2013). Flip to the introductory paragraph of almost any journal article about marketing research education in the past 50 or so years, and you will most likely find references to one or both of these trends. More recently with the digital revolution of industry, marketing research education has not kept pace with the needs of industry employers (Vriens et al., 2019), which further stifles student enthusiasm toward the course. In the grand scheme of their educational portfolio, marketing research is almost always at the bottom of the students’ enthusiasm ladder. Faculty enthusiasm levels toward the course are generally similar. The marketing research class is often seen by faculty as the dry, distinctly uncool counterbalance to course topics with caché like digital marketing, social media, sales, and promotions (FitzPatrick et al., 2010). For many marketing faculty other than the handful of miraculous souls among us who relish the opportunity to teach the nuances of binomial regression, or even simpler topics like correlation, marketing research is a “must-teach” rather than a “get-to-teach” type class. There is, of course, an unsurprising dearth of literature in support of this claim despite being widely known among faculty (thus, we are using our editorial prerogative here). There is, however, substantial evidence of consistently lower-than-average course evaluations for faculty who teach the
房间里有一头大象。我们需要谈谈。所以我们要站出来说——市场调查课程很无聊,而且不清楚学生们是否喜欢它,因为它目前的结构和授课方式。不幸的是,这是我们作为营销教育者的错。哎哟!第一步是承认我们有问题。也不只是一个小的。既然我们已经解决了这个问题,我们就可以自由地讨论原因和方法,这样我们就可以确定解决方案并开始前进。让我们从头说起。市场营销研究是世界各地市场营销教育项目的中心支柱之一。几乎所有经过认证的商学院都将研究课程作为核心课程,而且几乎总是将其作为市场营销专业学习计划的必修课。实际上,已经有成千上万的教授开发并教授了市场研究课程,并且有成千上万的学生参加了这些课程。然而,尽管它无处不在,市场调研类并不是一个学生倾向于期待,我们已经知道这几十年(Castleberry, 2001;米尔斯,2010)。传统上,有两个关键问题导致学生缺乏热情。首先,市场调查课程本身就充满了相对枯燥的主题,很难让学生感兴趣、参与和相关(Bridges, 1999;Talafuse, 2021)。其次,当涉及到任何定量的事物时,市场营销专业的学生尤其会有相对较高的焦虑水平(Freeman & Spanjaard, 2012;Tarasi et al., 2013)。翻到过去50年左右的任何关于市场研究教育的期刊文章的导论段落,你很可能会发现这些趋势中的一个或两个。最近,随着工业的数字革命,市场研究教育没有跟上行业雇主的需求(Vriens等人,2019),这进一步扼杀了学生对这门课程的热情。在他们的教育组合的宏伟计划中,市场研究几乎总是在学生的热情阶梯的底部。教师对这门课程的热情程度大体相似。市场调研课程通常被教师视为枯燥乏味的课程主题,与数字营销、社交媒体、销售和促销等课程主题形成鲜明对比(FitzPatrick et al., 2010)。对于许多市场营销学教授来说,除了我们当中少数喜欢教授二项回归的细微差别,甚至是像相关性这样更简单的话题的奇迹般的人之外,市场营销研究是一门“必须教授”的课程,而不是一门“必须教授”的课程。当然,尽管这种说法在教师中广为人知,但支持这种说法的文献却不足为奇(因此,我们在这里使用了我们的编辑特权)。然而,有大量证据表明,教授市场研究课程的教师的课程评价一直低于平均水平(Simpson & Siguaw, 2000),这加剧了问题。此外,较低的教学评价通常会对教师产生影响,特别是在获得终身教职之前(Bridges, 1999)。总而言之,我们的课程基本上是每个人(包括学生和教师)都接触过的,但没有人特别感兴趣。乍一看,这令人失望,但摆在我们面前的结构性改善的绝佳机会却相当令人振奋。像所有的市场问题一样,我们必须先弄清楚问题存在的本质,然后才能试图纠正它。
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引用次数: 4
Rapid Transitioning to Remote Learning: Shared Responsibility and Coping Strategies 快速过渡到远程学习:分担责任和应对策略
IF 2.4 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-09-18 DOI: 10.1177/02734753211044744
Joanne T. Cao, Brigitte Burgess, Jamye K. Foster, Gallayanee Yaoyuneyong, Lacey K. Wallace
This study examined the impact of shared responsibility on the relationship between marketing and other business students’ coping strategies and their satisfaction with the rapid transitioning to remote learning and academic performance expectations. COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) rapidly altered and challenged higher education to maintain pedagogical services provided to students, regardless of faculty or student readiness or experience. As such, shared responsibility can be critical in times of crisis when the university community must pull together for mutual success. Findings indicate that students’ sense of shared responsibility and healthy coping mechanisms lead to student satisfaction with the transition process and more positive academic outcomes. This study is the first to empirically examine shared responsibility in higher education during a crucial period to the authors’ knowledge. By promoting shared responsibility, marketing educators can improve student outcomes and identify those who may need additional support resources.
本研究考察了责任分担对市场营销和其他商科学生应对策略、对远程学习快速过渡的满意度和学业成绩期望之间关系的影响。COVID-19(2019冠状病毒病)迅速改变并挑战了高等教育,无论教师或学生是否准备好或经验如何,都要保持向学生提供的教学服务。因此,在大学社区必须齐心协力实现共同成功的危机时刻,共同承担责任至关重要。研究发现,学生的共同责任感和健康的应对机制导致学生对过渡过程的满意度和更积极的学业成果。本研究首次在作者所知的关键时期对高等教育的责任分担进行实证检验。通过促进分担责任,营销教育者可以提高学生的成绩,并确定哪些学生可能需要额外的支持资源。
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引用次数: 3
Analytics Capability in Marketing Education: A Practice-Informed Model 市场营销教育中的分析能力:一个实践知情模型
IF 2.4 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.1177/02734753211042404
Simone Kurtzke, Justina Setkute
As marketing continues to be transformed by technology and the explosion of big data, academic research has identified a significant need for analytics skills in marketing education. However, it is unclear whether current curriculum approaches to marketing analytics equip students with the skills employers need and prepare them effectively for data-driven marketing roles. This study identifies the knowledge and skills marketing graduates require for analytics practice to bridge the theory-practice gap and increase students’ employability. Our research reveals that a blend of knowledge, soft and technical skills is needed, and that the ability to communicate insights from data to stakeholders is critical. We offer a practice-informed model which demonstrates that conceptual knowledge, technical skills, tools skills and soft skills are required to develop holistic analytics capability for marketing practice. Actionable takeaways for how educators can embed holistic analytics teaching in marketing education are also provided.
随着市场营销不断被技术和大数据的爆炸所改变,学术研究发现,市场营销教育对分析技能的需求很大。然而,目前尚不清楚营销分析的课程方法是否为学生提供了雇主所需的技能,并为他们有效地胜任数据驱动的营销角色做好了准备。这项研究确定了市场营销专业毕业生进行分析实践所需的知识和技能,以弥补理论与实践的差距,提高学生的就业能力。我们的研究表明,需要融合知识、软技能和技术技能,将数据中的见解传达给利益相关者的能力至关重要。我们提供了一个基于实践的模型,该模型表明,开发营销实践的整体分析能力需要概念知识、技术技能、工具技能和软技能。还提供了教育工作者如何将整体分析教学嵌入营销教育的可操作要点。
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引用次数: 12
Updating the Marketing Research Course to Prepare the Marketing Generalist 更新市场营销研究课程培养市场营销专家
IF 2.4 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-09-07 DOI: 10.1177/02734753211043925
Brooke Reavey, Debra Zahay, A. Rosenbloom
This exploratory research suggests that undergraduate marketing research textbooks and courses have not kept pace with the changes in the marketing research world over the past two decades. Two studies, one a review of marketing research syllabi and another a content analysis of online job postings, explore this phenomenon. The results imply that, in contrast to the historical context of marketing research course, most advertised entry-level marketing jobs requiring marketing research skills are not in marketing research firms. Indeed, contemporary marketing research is more likely a function embedded within an array of generalist job duties that also require soft skills and the ability to analyze and present data to upper management. As a result of this research, educators should have a heightened awareness of the following: (a) the disconnect between the marketing research curriculum and current industry needs, (b) the changing role of marketing research as diffused throughout the organization, and (c) the broader set of skills and techniques required of entry-level marketing graduates. As a possible solution to these issues, this research proposes an integrated model whereby instructors can help their students navigate the current landscape by choosing an appropriate pedagogical path to assist students in their career goals.
这项探索性研究表明,在过去的二十年里,本科生的市场营销研究教材和课程没有跟上市场营销研究世界的变化。两项研究,一项是对营销研究大纲的回顾,另一项是在线招聘信息的内容分析,探讨了这一现象。研究结果表明,与市场营销研究课程的历史背景相反,大多数需要市场营销研究技能的入门级市场营销职位都不在市场营销研究公司。事实上,当代市场营销研究更有可能是一系列多面手工作职责中的一项功能,这些职责也需要软技能以及分析数据并向高层管理人员展示数据的能力。由于这项研究,教育工作者应该提高对以下方面的认识:(a)营销研究课程与当前行业需求之间的脱节,(b)营销研究在整个组织中的作用不断变化,以及(c)入门级营销毕业生所需的更广泛的技能和技术。作为这些问题的可能解决方案,本研究提出了一种综合模式,通过该模式,教师可以通过选择合适的教学路径来帮助学生实现职业目标,从而帮助学生驾驭当前的形势。
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引用次数: 5
The Pedagogy of Vulnerability and Marketing Education: Cultivating Self-expansion in a Time of Separation 脆弱性教育学与营销教育:分离时代的自我拓展培养
IF 2.4 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-08-25 DOI: 10.1177/02734753211041743
Holly A. Syrdal, Brian A Vander Schee, Rebecca VanMeter, Parker J. Woodroof
Applying the pedagogy of vulnerability and self-expansion theory, the exercise known as the Know Me Activity (KMA) enhances self-expansion by encouraging connections between students and the instructor. The pedagogy of vulnerability is premised on risking self-disclosure as an act of courage. Self-expansion theory is grounded in personal relationships whereby individuals are motivated for personal growth and identify with others to gain access to their resources. In the context of marketing education, self-expansion stems from enhancing student self-awareness for personal growth as well as perceived vulnerability and relatedness of the instructor to encourage access to expertise. The KMA was conducted at three universities and assessed to determine its usefulness as a self-expansion exercise. Survey results indicate that students found the activity contained self-expansion characteristics, and they recommend it for future use. The results of the pretest and posttest analyses also demonstrated an increase in student self-awareness, perceived instructor vulnerability, and perceived instructor relatedness. Self-expansion activities enhance relationships by design and participating in them can lead to increased student effort and persistence. Marketing educators can, therefore, have confidence in utilizing the KMA as a means for mitigating social isolation and encouraging perseverance.
运用脆弱性教学法和自我扩展理论,这种练习被称为“认识我”活动(KMA),通过鼓励学生和教师之间的联系来增强自我扩展。脆弱性教育学的前提是冒险将自我表露作为一种勇气的行为。自我扩展理论是建立在个人关系的基础上的,在这种关系中,个人受到个人成长的激励,并认同他人以获得他们的资源。在市场营销教育的背景下,自我拓展源于提高学生对个人成长的自我意识,以及教师对脆弱性和相关性的感知,以鼓励获得专业知识。KMA在三所大学进行了评估,以确定其作为自我扩展活动的有效性。调查结果表明,学生发现该活动具有自我拓展的特点,并推荐以后使用。测试前和测试后的分析结果也显示了学生自我意识、感知教师脆弱性和感知教师相关性的增加。自我拓展活动通过设计来加强人际关系,参与这些活动可以增加学生的努力和毅力。因此,市场营销教育工作者可以有信心利用市场营销作为减轻社会孤立和鼓励毅力的手段。
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引用次数: 4
Educating Marketing Students to Understand Designers’ Thought-Worlds 教育市场营销学生理解设计师的思想世界
IF 2.4 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1177/02734753211038997
J. Blijlevens
Marketers and designers are likely to work together on innovation teams as they both have customer satisfaction as their end goals. Collaboration between these disciplines in innovation teams is often impaired due to the different thought-worlds that drive decision making: intuitive versus rational. To facilitate collaboration between design and marketing it is valuable to teach marketers about designers’ ways of thinking. Approaches to teaching design thinking to marketing students often focus on students becoming more creative, intuitive, and innovative themselves. However, the integration of the two disciplines does not require that marketers become designers, and vice versa, as both bring unique skills necessary for successful innovation. An educational framework is presented that aims to teach marketing students an understanding of the thought-world of design thinking rather than to become design thinkers themselves. The focus is on recognizing how the others’ approach to the same goals are complementary to their own approaches instead of being different or “wrong.” This framework is unique in aligning design thinking phases with critical thinking phases—marketing students’ dominant thinking style—through specifically chosen activities to scaffold the understanding of an intuitive, divergent, and creative thinking approach to the development of innovative marketing ideas.
营销人员和设计师可能会在创新团队中合作,因为他们都以客户满意度为最终目标。创新团队中这些学科之间的合作往往会因为驱动决策的不同思想世界而受损:直觉与理性。为了促进设计和营销之间的合作,向营销人员传授设计师的思维方式是很有价值的。向市场营销专业学生教授设计思维的方法通常侧重于学生变得更有创造力、直觉和创新能力。然而,这两个学科的融合并不要求营销人员成为设计师,反之亦然,因为两者都带来了成功创新所需的独特技能。提出了一个教育框架,旨在教会市场营销学生了解设计思维的思想世界,而不是自己成为设计思想家。重点是认识到其他人对相同目标的方法是如何与他们自己的方法互补的,而不是不同或“错误的”。这个框架在将设计思维阶段与批判性思维阶段(营销学生的主导思维风格)相一致方面是独特的,通过具体选择的活动,以创新思维的方法发展创新营销理念。
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引用次数: 4
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Journal of Marketing Education
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