The world is aging rapidly, and the population of over 65 years old in Japan is 29.1% (Sep. 15, 2022, Japan Statistic Bureau of Japan), which is the highest in Japanese history. Human memory and knowledge are rapidly being digitized on an incalculable scale. While its value as a booster for monetization is now known worldwide, such private and personal heritage, especially its whereabouts remains unknown. In particular, the memory and knowledge of elders are not recorded appropriately for the next generations, we claim that the current system has shown an enormous loss of value in society, especially for the family members. Therefore, the desire to interview and document the life experiences of different generations of family members is very important. However, interviewing and documenting are difficult to achieve for various reasons, in such cases as when family members live apart from each other. Therefore, our research group has started to develop Life History Support System called “LHS”. The new system aims to solve the problem and preserve elderlies' wisdom and knowledge cultivated in turbulent times, such as during WW II and the post-war years of recovery. The LHS is designed for the Family Social Network, allowing digital information to be accessed only by the same members. LHS is an application that runs on smartphones, tablets and PC which is connected to the Internet and works as a social network system (SNS), but the main difference between conventional SNS is (1) LHS can be accessed only by the family members or designated members, (2) it mainly works as a card type database to share topic cards among members. We have developed a prototype system using Apple’s Claris FileMaker database system which runs on-premises private server. Then, to test the prototype's applicability, we have performed a preliminary interview experiment in an actual user environment (family members living together or living apart, and the elderly person living alone). The result shows that we could identified the experience of “fun” by both, an interviewer and interviewee, during the process of recall of memories with the LHS setup. Rather, we confirm the needs in longitudinal study to capture the continuous use of the LHS. Since the LHS inherently gains its value by long-term regular use, interviewing, recording and viewing by many family members, it is necessary to add new functions based on some theories. We are planning to include gamification functions to LHS. This paper describes the LHS system overview and the current development status.
{"title":"Life History Support System “LHS” - Recording Memories and Sharing Stories for Family Social Network","authors":"Taisei Kondo, Mikihito Otani, Takako Sinzi, Megumi Aibara, Kiyoshi Kurakawa, Kazumi Sekiguchi, Atsushi Kobayashi, Aiko Takazawa, Masakazu Furuichi","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004376","url":null,"abstract":"The world is aging rapidly, and the population of over 65 years old in Japan is 29.1% (Sep. 15, 2022, Japan Statistic Bureau of Japan), which is the highest in Japanese history. Human memory and knowledge are rapidly being digitized on an incalculable scale. While its value as a booster for monetization is now known worldwide, such private and personal heritage, especially its whereabouts remains unknown. In particular, the memory and knowledge of elders are not recorded appropriately for the next generations, we claim that the current system has shown an enormous loss of value in society, especially for the family members. Therefore, the desire to interview and document the life experiences of different generations of family members is very important. However, interviewing and documenting are difficult to achieve for various reasons, in such cases as when family members live apart from each other. Therefore, our research group has started to develop Life History Support System called “LHS”. The new system aims to solve the problem and preserve elderlies' wisdom and knowledge cultivated in turbulent times, such as during WW II and the post-war years of recovery. The LHS is designed for the Family Social Network, allowing digital information to be accessed only by the same members. LHS is an application that runs on smartphones, tablets and PC which is connected to the Internet and works as a social network system (SNS), but the main difference between conventional SNS is (1) LHS can be accessed only by the family members or designated members, (2) it mainly works as a card type database to share topic cards among members. We have developed a prototype system using Apple’s Claris FileMaker database system which runs on-premises private server. Then, to test the prototype's applicability, we have performed a preliminary interview experiment in an actual user environment (family members living together or living apart, and the elderly person living alone). The result shows that we could identified the experience of “fun” by both, an interviewer and interviewee, during the process of recall of memories with the LHS setup. Rather, we confirm the needs in longitudinal study to capture the continuous use of the LHS. Since the LHS inherently gains its value by long-term regular use, interviewing, recording and viewing by many family members, it is necessary to add new functions based on some theories. We are planning to include gamification functions to LHS. This paper describes the LHS system overview and the current development status.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135312466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The economic loss due to unused medicines is estimated at be 50 billion yen, as many people do not consume or carry their prescribed medicines due to forgetfulness. One reason for this is that people forget to take or carry their medication. Many scholars have investigated smart indoor pillboxes by linking with cameras, RFID, and web applications; however, all of them are based on the condition of being at home, or requiring a human to enter the dose to be taken. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a new portable smart pillbox using passive RFID in the 13.56 MHz frequency band to improve medication adherence. Unprecedentedly, in this study, a critical-function prototype of a smart pillbox using a passive RFID filter in the 13.56 MHz frequency band was developed; and passive RFID was designed after conducting a solution study. An investigation was undertaken to assess the efficacy of prospective memory in enhancing medication adherence using both normal and smart pillboxes. The objective was to ascertain if the intelligent dispenser could mitigate medication discrepancies among patients newly initiated on their therapeutic regimen. 8 students in their 20s who had previously taken their medication were selected as participants. Participants performed the disengagement decision task as a background task and the action of taking medication from a pillbox as a prospective memory task. Participants were given a smartphone and were reminded by a notification if the pillbox from which they took their medication was a smart pillbox. Performance on the prospective memory task was assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire and an interview. The findings indicate that the reminder is not the precipitating factor in the diminution of prospective memory discrepancies; rather, an overestimation of one's mnemonic capabilities emerges as a salient contributor to such errors. And, the use of passive RFID in the development of smart pillboxes shows its potential contribution to reducing prospective memory errors and improving medication adherence. By examining a broader perspective, the results of the current study are promising for widespread implementation as a method to improve medication adherence.
{"title":"Development of a Smart Pillbox with Passive RFID to Support Prospective Memory and Medication Adherence","authors":"Shunsuke Hirayama, Daigo Misaki","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004374","url":null,"abstract":"The economic loss due to unused medicines is estimated at be 50 billion yen, as many people do not consume or carry their prescribed medicines due to forgetfulness. One reason for this is that people forget to take or carry their medication. Many scholars have investigated smart indoor pillboxes by linking with cameras, RFID, and web applications; however, all of them are based on the condition of being at home, or requiring a human to enter the dose to be taken. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a new portable smart pillbox using passive RFID in the 13.56 MHz frequency band to improve medication adherence. Unprecedentedly, in this study, a critical-function prototype of a smart pillbox using a passive RFID filter in the 13.56 MHz frequency band was developed; and passive RFID was designed after conducting a solution study. An investigation was undertaken to assess the efficacy of prospective memory in enhancing medication adherence using both normal and smart pillboxes. The objective was to ascertain if the intelligent dispenser could mitigate medication discrepancies among patients newly initiated on their therapeutic regimen. 8 students in their 20s who had previously taken their medication were selected as participants. Participants performed the disengagement decision task as a background task and the action of taking medication from a pillbox as a prospective memory task. Participants were given a smartphone and were reminded by a notification if the pillbox from which they took their medication was a smart pillbox. Performance on the prospective memory task was assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire and an interview. The findings indicate that the reminder is not the precipitating factor in the diminution of prospective memory discrepancies; rather, an overestimation of one's mnemonic capabilities emerges as a salient contributor to such errors. And, the use of passive RFID in the development of smart pillboxes shows its potential contribution to reducing prospective memory errors and improving medication adherence. By examining a broader perspective, the results of the current study are promising for widespread implementation as a method to improve medication adherence.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"144 22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135312501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SATCE (Simulated Air Traffic Control Environment) is a system that simulates air traffic control scenarios for training purposes and improves effective and efficient communication. SATCE implementation in aviation training provides a more realistic and immersive training environment (use of AI in communication needs of training with controlled traffic volume and events), offering Competency Based Training & Assessment (CBTA) features in phraseology and procedures. Purdue - ASTi research case study of SATCE enables aviation SMEs to enhance their knowledge and practice their skills in a realistic and immersive environment. Another potential use case for digital twins in SATCE is to simulate different aircraft types and scenarios. Purdue team projects aim to research the behavior and performance of different training scenarios under SATCE, design, test, and certify the implementation – use of different flight devices in existing airspace classification environment. Purdue – SATT approach for SATCE focuses on the potential to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of aviation training programs (CBTA globally) by providing a more realistic and immersive learning experience (lean process for training/certification, transition to AI - AAM environment). Moreover, this research focuses on mitigating residual risk in the 'AI black box', focusing on aviation ecosystem operations under SATCE – facilitating different aircraft types, airspace, and implementation of AAM. Results aim to analyze and evaluate the Artificial Intelligence (AI) certification and learning assurance challenges under the SATCE aspect.
{"title":"Emerging Technologies in Transportation: The Simulated Air Traffic Control Environment (SATCE) case study","authors":"Dimitrios Ziakkas, Neil Waterman","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004282","url":null,"abstract":"SATCE (Simulated Air Traffic Control Environment) is a system that simulates air traffic control scenarios for training purposes and improves effective and efficient communication. SATCE implementation in aviation training provides a more realistic and immersive training environment (use of AI in communication needs of training with controlled traffic volume and events), offering Competency Based Training & Assessment (CBTA) features in phraseology and procedures. Purdue - ASTi research case study of SATCE enables aviation SMEs to enhance their knowledge and practice their skills in a realistic and immersive environment. Another potential use case for digital twins in SATCE is to simulate different aircraft types and scenarios. Purdue team projects aim to research the behavior and performance of different training scenarios under SATCE, design, test, and certify the implementation – use of different flight devices in existing airspace classification environment. Purdue – SATT approach for SATCE focuses on the potential to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of aviation training programs (CBTA globally) by providing a more realistic and immersive learning experience (lean process for training/certification, transition to AI - AAM environment). Moreover, this research focuses on mitigating residual risk in the 'AI black box', focusing on aviation ecosystem operations under SATCE – facilitating different aircraft types, airspace, and implementation of AAM. Results aim to analyze and evaluate the Artificial Intelligence (AI) certification and learning assurance challenges under the SATCE aspect.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135316845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the first oil drilling in History, the Drake’s well in Titusville, Pennsylvania, until the present-day offshore wells, drilled in the ultra-deep waters of the Gulf of Mexico and the Brazilian Pre-Salt, two aspects have always been present: the notable risks of dealing with crude oil and the need of human adaptabilities in the work systems. From this adaptability, there will be two possible outcomes: the normal work, adaptive and productive, and the accident, unwanted and harmful. For the first, over a long time no attention was given, because if nothing went wrong, (supposedly) there is nothing to do, except to continue working. On the other hand, for this second, the accident, since the first occurrences, dating from the 1st Industrial Revolution, much has been developed, addressed, mainly, on the unwanted action of the human element in a linear system. However, the technological evolution of work systems has transformed linear production lines into current complex sociotechnical systems, where there are intense and dynamic interrelationships between people, machines, and processes, immersed in a distinct organizational culture. In this context, the maintenance of certain linear epistemological concepts for the analysis of risks, as well as the investigation of accidents, seems to be limited, when not mistaken, for understanding and intervening in nowadays complex workplaces. In addition, normal work, that is, work carried out without the occurrence of accidents, as it is what mostly happens, is a notable source of learning, being neglected precisely because it is normal. In view of these considerations, methodologies, and concepts capable of dealing with this, such as FRAM (Functional Resonance Analysis Method) and Safety-I & Safety-II, arises as adequate solutions. In this study, having the O&G Industry as background, some accidents with FRAM are re-examined, as well as some practices of learning from normal work through Safety-I & Safety-II, demonstrating the need of change in complex workplaces of the O&G industry, evolving from controlling human error to understanding the resilience of systems.
{"title":"The need of change in complex workplaces of the O&G industry – from controlling human error to understanding the resilience of systems","authors":"Josue Franca","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004405","url":null,"abstract":"Since the first oil drilling in History, the Drake’s well in Titusville, Pennsylvania, until the present-day offshore wells, drilled in the ultra-deep waters of the Gulf of Mexico and the Brazilian Pre-Salt, two aspects have always been present: the notable risks of dealing with crude oil and the need of human adaptabilities in the work systems. From this adaptability, there will be two possible outcomes: the normal work, adaptive and productive, and the accident, unwanted and harmful. For the first, over a long time no attention was given, because if nothing went wrong, (supposedly) there is nothing to do, except to continue working. On the other hand, for this second, the accident, since the first occurrences, dating from the 1st Industrial Revolution, much has been developed, addressed, mainly, on the unwanted action of the human element in a linear system. However, the technological evolution of work systems has transformed linear production lines into current complex sociotechnical systems, where there are intense and dynamic interrelationships between people, machines, and processes, immersed in a distinct organizational culture. In this context, the maintenance of certain linear epistemological concepts for the analysis of risks, as well as the investigation of accidents, seems to be limited, when not mistaken, for understanding and intervening in nowadays complex workplaces. In addition, normal work, that is, work carried out without the occurrence of accidents, as it is what mostly happens, is a notable source of learning, being neglected precisely because it is normal. In view of these considerations, methodologies, and concepts capable of dealing with this, such as FRAM (Functional Resonance Analysis Method) and Safety-I & Safety-II, arises as adequate solutions. In this study, having the O&G Industry as background, some accidents with FRAM are re-examined, as well as some practices of learning from normal work through Safety-I & Safety-II, demonstrating the need of change in complex workplaces of the O&G industry, evolving from controlling human error to understanding the resilience of systems.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135312916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Whereas agility of white-collar work is a common and successful concept, blue-collar work is in many cases still organized in shifts following long-term plans. Shift models are very uncomfortable to humans in two ways: first, working hours are spread over the whole day, in many cases over the whole week as “24/7 operations”, and second, the start and end times of the shifts are fixed. The concept of flextime is very uncommon on the shop floor, unimaginable to white collars. Therefore, blue collars ask more and more for flexible labour hours also to achieve a better work-life balance.An approach to a more agile organization of shift work is to substitute the shift model by self-assignment of shifts through the workers. Instead of working along fixed plans, employees may self-assign to different working hours and shifts from day to day, according to their individual preferences and availability. Smart devices seem to be an enabler for the agile organization of shift work. Several commercial apps with self-services for the planning of shifts and working hours are still offered, which may be appropriate for this reason.Agile shift work without predefined shift models may increase the flexibility of the company as well as the work-life balance of the workers. The concept promises to be useful. In practice, a lot of questions arise: What if different workers apply for the same shift? Who gets the shift, first come, first serve? Are there rules to calculate priorities? Is the team responsible to solve the situation or the supervisor? What if no one takes over a shift? Obviously, agile organization of shift work needs a thoroughly defined organization, and obviously too, the workers themselves must be involved in the process of defining this organization, to gain acceptance by them.Developing an organizational framework for agile shift work without shift models is one of the main topics of the German research project “agileASSEMBLY”, which comprises twelve industrial and scientific partners. The framework consists of a target image about the expected achievements, a process blueprint that guides the employees step by step in balancing and synchronizing their individual working applications, and a concise set of rules to solve conflicts in the self-assignment of working hours. The approach of the project is to involve employees in the development of the new framework for the agile organization of assembly processes by means of a role play. Within this paper, the framework for the self-assignment of working hours will be presented. It displays the first step and result of “agileASSEMBLY”. Subsequently, a pilot implementation, operation, and evaluation of the achievements and human factors in a team with round about 45 employees are planned to prove the success expectations of the concept.
{"title":"Agile Organization of Shift Work without Shift Models","authors":"Stefan Gerlach, Nika Perevalova","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004315","url":null,"abstract":"Whereas agility of white-collar work is a common and successful concept, blue-collar work is in many cases still organized in shifts following long-term plans. Shift models are very uncomfortable to humans in two ways: first, working hours are spread over the whole day, in many cases over the whole week as “24/7 operations”, and second, the start and end times of the shifts are fixed. The concept of flextime is very uncommon on the shop floor, unimaginable to white collars. Therefore, blue collars ask more and more for flexible labour hours also to achieve a better work-life balance.An approach to a more agile organization of shift work is to substitute the shift model by self-assignment of shifts through the workers. Instead of working along fixed plans, employees may self-assign to different working hours and shifts from day to day, according to their individual preferences and availability. Smart devices seem to be an enabler for the agile organization of shift work. Several commercial apps with self-services for the planning of shifts and working hours are still offered, which may be appropriate for this reason.Agile shift work without predefined shift models may increase the flexibility of the company as well as the work-life balance of the workers. The concept promises to be useful. In practice, a lot of questions arise: What if different workers apply for the same shift? Who gets the shift, first come, first serve? Are there rules to calculate priorities? Is the team responsible to solve the situation or the supervisor? What if no one takes over a shift? Obviously, agile organization of shift work needs a thoroughly defined organization, and obviously too, the workers themselves must be involved in the process of defining this organization, to gain acceptance by them.Developing an organizational framework for agile shift work without shift models is one of the main topics of the German research project “agileASSEMBLY”, which comprises twelve industrial and scientific partners. The framework consists of a target image about the expected achievements, a process blueprint that guides the employees step by step in balancing and synchronizing their individual working applications, and a concise set of rules to solve conflicts in the self-assignment of working hours. The approach of the project is to involve employees in the development of the new framework for the agile organization of assembly processes by means of a role play. Within this paper, the framework for the self-assignment of working hours will be presented. It displays the first step and result of “agileASSEMBLY”. Subsequently, a pilot implementation, operation, and evaluation of the achievements and human factors in a team with round about 45 employees are planned to prove the success expectations of the concept.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"176 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135313241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of visual information layout format on users' experiences when browsing a mobile e-commerce interface for agricultural products across different ages. The effects of different agriculture product layouts (side-by-side vs. list), and age (younger group vs. older group) on user satisfaction, purchase intention, and preference were assessed by 2x2 between-subjects and within-subjects mixed ANOVA. The study utilized a convenience sampling method, a total of 36 participants were invited and asked to complete satisfaction, purchase intention, and preference scales after they completed four manipulative tasks. The results of the study showed that the form of product layout did not have a significant effect on the participants' purchase intention, whereas there was a significant interaction effect between the young and the old in terms of satisfaction and preference.
{"title":"Navigation interface design for agricultural e-commerce: an empirical study","authors":"Shasha Li, Zhongzhen Lin","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004237","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of visual information layout format on users' experiences when browsing a mobile e-commerce interface for agricultural products across different ages. The effects of different agriculture product layouts (side-by-side vs. list), and age (younger group vs. older group) on user satisfaction, purchase intention, and preference were assessed by 2x2 between-subjects and within-subjects mixed ANOVA. The study utilized a convenience sampling method, a total of 36 participants were invited and asked to complete satisfaction, purchase intention, and preference scales after they completed four manipulative tasks. The results of the study showed that the form of product layout did not have a significant effect on the participants' purchase intention, whereas there was a significant interaction effect between the young and the old in terms of satisfaction and preference.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"2018 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135313879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bryan Colorado, Christian Zambrano, Lileana Saavedra Robles, Juan Briones, Rommy Torres
The development of the City of Guayaquil, around its urban peripheries, generates a problem for traditional territorial planning, since emerging solutions must be generated to problems such as the deficit of public spaces and green areas. The multi-criteria analysis between variables such as decision making and the development of sustainable designs generates a path for the local development of peri-urban communities, a specific case of analysis for the study, the Cooperativa Sergio Toral 1, is visualized as a booming territory of urban growth. unplanned, taking into account its accelerated expansion, the means of how these internal communities can generate a source of sustainable employment through decision-making provides possibilities for change in view of the sustainable development of the territory. The objective is to establish a choice parameter that develops the local potential of the territory for the socio-economic benefit of these communities within the Sergio Toral 1 Cooperative. Among the findings of the qualitative methodology, it was obtained that the creation of self-constructed designs through design participatory increases the autonomy of choice and that the synthesis of quantitative data allowed the generation of variables not foreseen in the study. As a result, the exposure of two dependent variables subject to testing configured independent variables that contribute to more effective decision-making and that the development of furniture designs increases the capacity for local development through the creation of spaces for ventures, thus concluding in the creation of interactive public spaces that connect the territory and promote the sustainable growth of the territory, increasing by 7 m2. per inhabitant the amount of green area and the economic development of 30% of the population.
瓜亚基尔市周边城市的发展给传统的领土规划带来了问题，因为必须提出新的解决方案来解决公共空间和绿地不足等问题。决策制定和可持续设计发展等变量之间的多标准分析为城市周边社区的当地发展提供了一条路径，该研究的一个具体分析案例是cooperative va Sergio Toral 1，它被视为城市增长的蓬勃发展领域。考虑到其加速扩张，这些内部社区如何通过决策创造可持续就业来源的手段是计划外的，这为该领土的可持续发展提供了改变的可能性。目标是建立一个选择参数，在塞尔吉奥·托拉尔合作社内为这些社区的社会经济利益开发该领土的地方潜力。在定性方法的发现中，通过设计参与式创建自构建设计增加了选择的自主权，并且定量数据的合成允许产生研究中未预见的变量。因此，暴露在测试中的两个因变量配置了有助于更有效决策的自变量，家具设计的发展通过创造企业空间增加了当地发展的能力，从而创造了连接领土并促进领土可持续增长的互动公共空间，增加了7平方米。人均绿地面积和经济发展人口的30%。
{"title":"Multicriteria analysis for the design of interactive public spaces as potential catalysts for local development in Guayaquil","authors":"Bryan Colorado, Christian Zambrano, Lileana Saavedra Robles, Juan Briones, Rommy Torres","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004254","url":null,"abstract":"The development of the City of Guayaquil, around its urban peripheries, generates a problem for traditional territorial planning, since emerging solutions must be generated to problems such as the deficit of public spaces and green areas. The multi-criteria analysis between variables such as decision making and the development of sustainable designs generates a path for the local development of peri-urban communities, a specific case of analysis for the study, the Cooperativa Sergio Toral 1, is visualized as a booming territory of urban growth. unplanned, taking into account its accelerated expansion, the means of how these internal communities can generate a source of sustainable employment through decision-making provides possibilities for change in view of the sustainable development of the territory. The objective is to establish a choice parameter that develops the local potential of the territory for the socio-economic benefit of these communities within the Sergio Toral 1 Cooperative. Among the findings of the qualitative methodology, it was obtained that the creation of self-constructed designs through design participatory increases the autonomy of choice and that the synthesis of quantitative data allowed the generation of variables not foreseen in the study. As a result, the exposure of two dependent variables subject to testing configured independent variables that contribute to more effective decision-making and that the development of furniture designs increases the capacity for local development through the creation of spaces for ventures, thus concluding in the creation of interactive public spaces that connect the territory and promote the sustainable growth of the territory, increasing by 7 m2. per inhabitant the amount of green area and the economic development of 30% of the population.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135314227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carolina Díaz Piedra, Giulia De Cet, Alban Kuqi, M Jesus Caurcel, Rocio Fernandez- Mendez, Riccardo Rossi, Leandro Luigi Di Stasi
We created a standardized assessment of fitness-to-drive in driving simulation environments through the adaptation of the Driving Observation Schedule (DOS; Vlahodimitrakou et al., 2013), which is a widely used instrument to assess “natural driving”. The Sim-DOS is an observational instrument that intends to overcome some of the practical limitations of the on-road assessment with dual control cars, in terms of safety, costs, and unpleasantness. Via expert consensus, the following was undertaken: (1) DOS behaviors were adapted to a simulated-based environment (signaling, observation of the environment, speed regulation, slow or unsafe reaction, distance interpretation, vehicle/lane positioning); (2) the Sim-DOS scores calculation, which is based on errors, was adapted from DOS to include hazard situations (HS) and free driving scores. The instrument was then piloted with a sample of 34 elderly drivers (70.9 ± 4.1 years old, 60% male, 46.1 ± 6.7 years of driving experience, 74% of them were regular drivers), along with the collection of simulator-produced data on number of harsh events and driving speed. Psychomotor skills of the majority were compromised, with only one participant being above the 80th percentile in the Reaction Times Test score of the Spanish mandatory driving assessment. Participants undertook two consecutive 20-minute long driving scenarios, with low and high traffic density (LTD, HTD). In each scenario, there were periods with and without potentially HS. Assessments were performed by two independent trained observers (intra-class correlation coefficients > 0.94). When exposed to HS, most participants (94.1%) did not perform well (more than nine minor errors), independent of traffic density, with average Sim-DOS HS scores of 12.70 ± 9.3. Compared to LTD scenarios, in HTD scenarios participants drove less smoothly, although slower (p-values<.05). The latter improved their ability to manage hazard situations, thus producing better than expected Sim-DOS scores. During free driving, participants drove more smoothly but performed worse under LTD conditions, driving at higher speed (p-values<.05). Our study provides a validated driving assessment tool for use in driving simulators that will allow for a safer, more ecologic, holistic and informative evaluation of the fitness-to-drive of older adults and patients with neurologic conditions.
{"title":"Assessment of fitness to drive in elderly and cognitively impaired drivers: Adaptation of the Driving Observation Schedule to simulated environments","authors":"Carolina Díaz Piedra, Giulia De Cet, Alban Kuqi, M Jesus Caurcel, Rocio Fernandez- Mendez, Riccardo Rossi, Leandro Luigi Di Stasi","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004343","url":null,"abstract":"We created a standardized assessment of fitness-to-drive in driving simulation environments through the adaptation of the Driving Observation Schedule (DOS; Vlahodimitrakou et al., 2013), which is a widely used instrument to assess “natural driving”. The Sim-DOS is an observational instrument that intends to overcome some of the practical limitations of the on-road assessment with dual control cars, in terms of safety, costs, and unpleasantness. Via expert consensus, the following was undertaken: (1) DOS behaviors were adapted to a simulated-based environment (signaling, observation of the environment, speed regulation, slow or unsafe reaction, distance interpretation, vehicle/lane positioning); (2) the Sim-DOS scores calculation, which is based on errors, was adapted from DOS to include hazard situations (HS) and free driving scores. The instrument was then piloted with a sample of 34 elderly drivers (70.9 ± 4.1 years old, 60% male, 46.1 ± 6.7 years of driving experience, 74% of them were regular drivers), along with the collection of simulator-produced data on number of harsh events and driving speed. Psychomotor skills of the majority were compromised, with only one participant being above the 80th percentile in the Reaction Times Test score of the Spanish mandatory driving assessment. Participants undertook two consecutive 20-minute long driving scenarios, with low and high traffic density (LTD, HTD). In each scenario, there were periods with and without potentially HS. Assessments were performed by two independent trained observers (intra-class correlation coefficients > 0.94). When exposed to HS, most participants (94.1%) did not perform well (more than nine minor errors), independent of traffic density, with average Sim-DOS HS scores of 12.70 ± 9.3. Compared to LTD scenarios, in HTD scenarios participants drove less smoothly, although slower (p-values<.05). The latter improved their ability to manage hazard situations, thus producing better than expected Sim-DOS scores. During free driving, participants drove more smoothly but performed worse under LTD conditions, driving at higher speed (p-values<.05). Our study provides a validated driving assessment tool for use in driving simulators that will allow for a safer, more ecologic, holistic and informative evaluation of the fitness-to-drive of older adults and patients with neurologic conditions.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135316637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yijia Wang, Hirotaka Aoki, Koji Morishita, Marie Takahashi, Rea Machida, Atsushi Kudoh, Mitsuhiro Kishino, Tsuyoshi Shirai
During the process of medical interpretation and diagnosis in medical image, doctors’ attention allocations are various depending on individuals and cases. The process of diagnosing in the medical image involves complex interplay between visual perception and effective information acquisition strategies coupled with medical knowledge. It is difficult for doctors to explicitly explain their strategies because the process is often implicit. To date, precisely what attention allocation patterns and cognitive strategies in medical image reading, remains unknown.This study aims to uncover the doctor’s attention allocation and transition patterns in reading chest X-ray image, elicit diagnostic strategies based on doctor’s eye movements and interviews, and find the differences of diagnostic strategies between expert and novice doctors. Finally, prospective suggestions for leading novice doctors to an effective diagnostic strategy in reading X-ray image can be presented.We simulate the scenario of annual medical checkup using four patients’ cases, and recruit participants with diverse medical experiences and specialties in Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital to compare the differences of attention allocations between doctors. Doctors are asked to identify the lesion and give diagnostic decision to four cases. Their eye movements are recorded in the whole process by eye tracker. After completing all four cases, participants are asked to attend an interview session in which their eye movements are used as cues to elicit their diagnostic strategies. And two questionnaires are answered at last. Fixation duration, the number of fixations in each are of interest (AOI) are used to visualize doctors’ attention allocation and fixation transition patterns. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis are used to describe doctors’ diagnostic strategies and compare the differences between expert and novice doctors. Each doctor has personal characteristics when diagnosing. Doctors have a significant preference to read to current image. Doctors tend to pay more attention to areas where physiological structures overlap and where doctors think suspicious. As for diagnostic strategies, four typical patterns of change of diagnostic strategies in timeline are found. Furthermore, the differences are found between expert and novice doctors in attention allocation and the use of historical image.The effective diagnostic strategy is that performing the inspection routine of the current image separate with comparison with the historical image to avoid distracting and missing information. The comparison should focus on important areas and suspicious areas rather than the whole image. The suggested important areas are the lung apex, mediastinum, heart, left lung hilar and the lower lung field. The proposed effective strategies could be included in the medical education and new doctor training to improve novice doctors’ ability to diagnose by multiple images.
{"title":"Differences in eye movements in chest X-ray diagnosis and exploration of effective diagnostic strategies: A study in annual medical checkup conditions","authors":"Yijia Wang, Hirotaka Aoki, Koji Morishita, Marie Takahashi, Rea Machida, Atsushi Kudoh, Mitsuhiro Kishino, Tsuyoshi Shirai","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004384","url":null,"abstract":"During the process of medical interpretation and diagnosis in medical image, doctors’ attention allocations are various depending on individuals and cases. The process of diagnosing in the medical image involves complex interplay between visual perception and effective information acquisition strategies coupled with medical knowledge. It is difficult for doctors to explicitly explain their strategies because the process is often implicit. To date, precisely what attention allocation patterns and cognitive strategies in medical image reading, remains unknown.This study aims to uncover the doctor’s attention allocation and transition patterns in reading chest X-ray image, elicit diagnostic strategies based on doctor’s eye movements and interviews, and find the differences of diagnostic strategies between expert and novice doctors. Finally, prospective suggestions for leading novice doctors to an effective diagnostic strategy in reading X-ray image can be presented.We simulate the scenario of annual medical checkup using four patients’ cases, and recruit participants with diverse medical experiences and specialties in Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital to compare the differences of attention allocations between doctors. Doctors are asked to identify the lesion and give diagnostic decision to four cases. Their eye movements are recorded in the whole process by eye tracker. After completing all four cases, participants are asked to attend an interview session in which their eye movements are used as cues to elicit their diagnostic strategies. And two questionnaires are answered at last. Fixation duration, the number of fixations in each are of interest (AOI) are used to visualize doctors’ attention allocation and fixation transition patterns. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis are used to describe doctors’ diagnostic strategies and compare the differences between expert and novice doctors. Each doctor has personal characteristics when diagnosing. Doctors have a significant preference to read to current image. Doctors tend to pay more attention to areas where physiological structures overlap and where doctors think suspicious. As for diagnostic strategies, four typical patterns of change of diagnostic strategies in timeline are found. Furthermore, the differences are found between expert and novice doctors in attention allocation and the use of historical image.The effective diagnostic strategy is that performing the inspection routine of the current image separate with comparison with the historical image to avoid distracting and missing information. The comparison should focus on important areas and suspicious areas rather than the whole image. The suggested important areas are the lung apex, mediastinum, heart, left lung hilar and the lower lung field. The proposed effective strategies could be included in the medical education and new doctor training to improve novice doctors’ ability to diagnose by multiple images.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135316853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to clarify the living environment at home that is comfortable and less burdensome for workers, targeting work-from-home, which has increased rapidly since the Corona disaster. To this end, a questionnaire survey was conducted on workers' satisfaction, stress reaction, and work engagement, as well as their work status, living space, and living conditions. By analysing the relationships among these factors, the study aims to comprehensively investigate the living environment of workers from home, including not only their physical condition and facilities but also their daily rhythm and relationship with their roommates, and to examine measures for creating a more favourable living environment for workers from home. The work environment during work from home was examined from various perspectives based on the framework of the SHEL model: software (work content, lifestyle, etc.), hardware (furniture, equipment, etc.), environment (indoor environment), and liveware (relationships with family members who live together). Multiple regression analysis was used to analyse the effects of each explanatory variable related to the living environment on the objective variables (satisfaction, work engagement, and stress reaction) related to comfort while working at home. The results suggest that job autonomy and interruptions due to household chores significantly impact the comfort level of work-from-home.
{"title":"Investigation of a home office environment and lifestyles of workers that affect their perceived comfort in work-from-home","authors":"Toshihisa Doi","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1004429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004429","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to clarify the living environment at home that is comfortable and less burdensome for workers, targeting work-from-home, which has increased rapidly since the Corona disaster. To this end, a questionnaire survey was conducted on workers' satisfaction, stress reaction, and work engagement, as well as their work status, living space, and living conditions. By analysing the relationships among these factors, the study aims to comprehensively investigate the living environment of workers from home, including not only their physical condition and facilities but also their daily rhythm and relationship with their roommates, and to examine measures for creating a more favourable living environment for workers from home. The work environment during work from home was examined from various perspectives based on the framework of the SHEL model: software (work content, lifestyle, etc.), hardware (furniture, equipment, etc.), environment (indoor environment), and liveware (relationships with family members who live together). Multiple regression analysis was used to analyse the effects of each explanatory variable related to the living environment on the objective variables (satisfaction, work engagement, and stress reaction) related to comfort while working at home. The results suggest that job autonomy and interruptions due to household chores significantly impact the comfort level of work-from-home.","PeriodicalId":470195,"journal":{"name":"AHFE international","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135317058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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