Race & Class最新文献

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Does the United States owe reparations to Somalia? 美国欠索马里赔偿吗？

IF 2.6 2区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Race & Class

Pub Date : 2023-02-24 DOI: 10.1177/03063968231155358

Jason C. Mueller

For over twenty years the United States government has engaged in what it calls a global ‘war on terror’ (GWOT). This war spans continents and while US interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq receive modest attention, the secretive US war in Somalia remains under-discussed. This article offers an empirical and theoretical examination of what the US has done in Somalia since 2001, considering the political, economic and ideological elements of these acts. Data on the US’s war on the Somali people is placed in dialogue with ongoing theorising on the merits of reparations in the world system.

二十多年来，美国政府一直在进行所谓的全球“反恐战争”。这场战争横跨各大洲，尽管美国对阿富汗和伊拉克的干预受到了适度的关注，但美国在索马里的秘密战争仍在讨论中。考虑到这些行为的政治、经济和意识形态因素，本文对美国自2001年以来在索马里的所作所为进行了实证和理论检验。关于美国对索马里人民的战争的数据与世界体系中正在进行的赔偿价值理论进行了对话。

引用次数: 1

I was a Red Priest: memories and testimonial By Jean Boulier 我曾是一名红色牧师：回忆与纪念Jean Boulier

IF 2.6 2区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Race & Class

Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1177/03063968231157294

D. Richards

引用次数: 0

Civilisational racism, ethnonationalism and the clash of imperialisms in Ukraine 文明种族主义，民族民族主义和乌克兰的帝国主义冲突

IF 2.6 2区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Race & Class

Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/03063968231152093

Liz Fekete

This article, developed from a panel speech on ‘Radical internationalism and shifts in the global order’ at the IRR50 New Circuits of Anti-racism Conference at King’s College, London, October 2022, takes issue with simplistic and partial positions surrounding Russia’s war with Ukraine. It points to the fact that we now have to reckon with a clash of imperialisms (of the US and Russia), the weaponising of local nationalisms and a reworking of Eurocentrism born of the Cold War. The author warns that revanchist ethnonationalisms in central and eastern Europe and the Baltic States − based in a distorted rereading of history, especially of the countries’ roles in the Holocaust − are being ignored in the interests of a larger geopolitics with consequences also for the future direction of the EU (see Figure 1). In this, anti-Communism, which has defined so much of the history of the Global South in terms of violent opposition to anti-colonial liberation struggles, is being updated and revitalised.

这篇文章是根据2022年10月在伦敦国王学院举行的ir50反种族主义新线路会议上关于“激进国际主义和全球秩序变化”的小组演讲改编而成的，对围绕俄罗斯与乌克兰战争的简单化和片面立场提出了质疑。它指出了这样一个事实:我们现在必须考虑到(美俄)帝国主义之间的冲突、地方民族主义的武器化，以及源于冷战的欧洲中心主义的重新塑造。作者警告说,复仇的ethnonationalisms在中欧和东欧和波罗的海国家−位于扭曲重读历史,特别是国家的角色在大屠杀中−被忽视的利益更大的地缘政治后果也对欧盟的未来方向(见图1)。在这方面,反共产主义,它定义了如此之多的历史南半球的暴力反对反殖民主义解放斗争,正在更新和振兴。

引用次数: 1

Decolonial Marxism: essays from the Pan-African revolution By Walter Rodney, edited by Asha Rodney, Patricia Rodney, Ben Mabie and Jesse J. Benjamin 非殖民化马克思主义：来自泛非革命的文章作者：Walter Rodney，编辑：Asha Rodney、Patricia Rodney、Ben Mabie和Jesse J.Benjamin

IF 2.6 2区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Race & Class

Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/03063968221148086

Donari Yahzid

引用次数: 3

Migrant labour, debt and the branding of a ‘multicultural’ Israel 移民劳工、债务和“多元文化”以色列的烙印

IF 2.6 2区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Race & Class

Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.1177/03063968221143908

Rachel H. Brown

The author examines the way in which the example of Filipina caregiver Rose Fostanes, winner of X-Factor Israel, was used to reframe Israel as multicultural and economically empowering for migrants. Such representations of Israeli magnanimity obscure the ‘incommensurable’ debts owed to Palestinians for dispossession of their land, while obscuring past and ongoing labour and resource extraction that shape global labour markets and drive migration. Such representations of non-white (im)migrant inclusion are common within liberal settler economies, and have long been deployed to shore up global influence in states embroiled in colonial violence. Through the lens of debt, the author highlights the comparative racialisations of migrants.

作者考察了菲律宾护工Rose Fostanes的例子，她是《X-Factor Israel》的获胜者，她是如何被用来重新定义以色列的多元文化和移民的经济赋权。以色列的这种宽宏大量的表现掩盖了巴勒斯坦人因剥夺其土地而欠下的“不可比拟的”债务，同时也掩盖了过去和现在的劳动力和资源开采，这些开采塑造了全球劳动力市场并推动了移民。这种包容非白人(非白人)移民的表现在自由移民经济体中很常见，长期以来一直被用来支持卷入殖民暴力的国家的全球影响力。通过债务的镜头，作者强调了移民的比较种族化。

引用次数: 0

Biology of Stress Responses in Aging. 老化过程中的压力反应生物学。

2区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Race & Class

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.59368/agingbio.20230001

Manolis Maragkakis, Sulochan Malla, Maria Hatzoglou, Aleksandra Trifunovic, Adam B Glick, Toren Finkel, Valter D Longo, Susmita Kaushik, Pura Muñoz-Cánoves, Gordon J Lithgow, Nirinjini Naidoo, Lauren N Booth, Matthew J Payea, Allison B Herman, Rafael de Cabo, David M Wilson, Luigi Ferrucci, Myriam Gorospe

On April 28^th, 2022, a group of scientific leaders gathered virtually to discuss molecular and cellular mechanisms of responses to stress. Conditions of acute, high-intensity stress are well documented to induce a series of adaptive responses that aim to promote survival until the stress has dissipated and then guide recovery. However, high-intensity or persistent stress that goes beyond the cell's compensatory capacity are countered with resilience strategies that are not completely understood. These adaptative strategies, which are an essential component of the study of aging biology, were the theme of the meeting. Specific topics discussed included mechanisms of proteostasis, such as the unfolded protein response (UPR) and the integrated stress response (ISR), as well as mitochondrial stress and lysosomal stress responses. Attention was also given to regulatory mechanisms and associated biological processes linked to age-related conditions, such as muscle loss and regeneration, cancer, senescence, sleep quality, and degenerative disease, with a general focus on the relevance of stress responses to frailty. We summarize the concepts and potential future directions that emerged from the discussion and highlight their relevance to the study of aging and age-related chronic diseases.

2022年4月28日，一群科学界的领军人物齐聚一堂，讨论压力反应的分子和细胞机制。有据可查，急性、高强度的压力条件会诱发一系列适应性反应，旨在促进生存，直至压力消散，然后引导恢复。然而，对于超出细胞补偿能力的高强度或持续性压力，细胞会采取尚未完全了解的适应策略来应对。这些适应策略是衰老生物学研究的重要组成部分，也是本次会议的主题。会议讨论的具体主题包括蛋白质稳态机制，如未折叠蛋白反应（UPR）和综合应激反应（ISR），以及线粒体应激反应和溶酶体应激反应。我们还关注了与年龄相关的调节机制和相关生物过程，如肌肉损失和再生、癌症、衰老、睡眠质量和退行性疾病，并普遍关注应激反应与虚弱的相关性。我们总结了讨论中提出的概念和潜在的未来方向，并强调了它们与衰老和老年慢性疾病研究的相关性。

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引用次数: 0

Breaking the ‘colour bar’: Len Johnson, Manchester and anti-racism 打破“颜色条”：Len Johnson、曼彻斯特和反种族主义

IF 2.6 2区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Race & Class

Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.1177/03063968221139993

S. Hirsch, Geoff Brown

This article explores the overturning of the ‘colour bar’ in a Manchester pub in 1953. Led by Black boxer and Communist Len Johnson, the resistance and ultimate success in breaking the ‘colour bar’ tells much about Black agency, the relationship between anti-racism and the Communist Party, and the making and unmaking of race in modern Britain. The article outlines Johnson’s life up until 1953 and the history of the ‘colour bar’ in Britain that shaped Johnson’s career trajectory. In Britain, formal ‘colour bars’ existed, like that in boxing, but it was far more common for informal ones to operate that were only revealed through resistance to individual impositions. In the post-war years, Johnson spent much of his time challenging these unwritten ‘colour bars’ in Manchester as well as creating a new and explicitly anti-racist space, the ‘New International Club’. Such actions were part of a vibrant and dynamic politics led by Black activists in 1940s and 1950s Manchester. This piece shows how Johnson’s Communist Party membership was both central to Johnson’s activism, which included hosting Paul Robeson in Manchester to the consternation of the Pan-Africanists, as well as how the Party itself held back on its commitment to fighting for racial equality.

这篇文章探讨了1953年曼彻斯特一家酒吧的“彩色酒吧”被推翻的事件。在黑人拳手和共产主义者Len Johnson的领导下，抵抗和打破“颜色条”的最终成功告诉了黑人机构、反种族主义与共产党之间的关系，以及现代英国种族的形成和瓦解。这篇文章概述了约翰逊直到1953年的生活，以及塑造约翰逊职业轨迹的英国“彩条”的历史。在英国，正式的“彩条”是存在的，就像拳击一样，但非正式的彩条更常见，只有通过抵制个人的强加才能显现出来。在战后的几年里，约翰逊花了很多时间挑战曼彻斯特这些不成文的“彩条”，并创建了一个新的明确反种族主义的空间，即“新国际俱乐部”。这些行动是20世纪40年代和50年代曼彻斯特黑人活动家领导的充满活力的政治的一部分。这篇文章展示了约翰逊的共产党员身份是约翰逊激进主义的核心，其中包括在曼彻斯特接待保罗·罗伯逊，这让泛非主义者感到震惊，以及该党本身是如何信守为种族平等而战的承诺的。

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引用次数: 0

The Suspect: counterterrorism, Islam, and the security state By Rizwaan Sabir 《嫌疑人:反恐、伊斯兰和安全国家》作者:Rizwaan Sabir

IF 2.6 2区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Race & Class

Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.1177/03063968221142773

F. Webber

In conclusion, Robinson breaks new ground with his questions and probing examinations. What direction will splits in the TCC take, and how should the Left respond? Is it time for an anti-fascist united front built around the Green New Deal? How can the Left unite and move beyond narrow identitarian politics? All these questions, and others, are pregnant within Robinson’s thinking. In taking an open-ended look at these issues, he provides us with an essential work to help guide left activists and thinkers towards an effective strategy that can build counter-hegemony, challenge capitalism, and move us towards the emancipatory project the world so desperately needs.

最后，罗宾逊用他的问题和探究性的考试开拓了新的领域。TCC的分裂将朝着什么方向发展，左派应该如何回应？是时候围绕绿色新政建立反法西斯统一战线了吗？左派如何团结起来，超越狭隘的同一主义政治？所有这些问题，以及其他问题，都孕育在罗宾逊的思想中。通过对这些问题进行开放式的审视，他为我们提供了一项重要的工作，帮助引导左翼活动家和思想家制定一项有效的战略，建立反霸权，挑战资本主义，并推动我们实现世界迫切需要的解放项目。

引用次数: 0

Work and the Carceral State By Jon Burnett Jon Burnett的《工作与尸体状态》

IF 2.6 2区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Race & Class

Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.1177/03063968221142770

C. Mills

引用次数: 0

The World in a Grain of Sand: postcolonial literature and radical universalism By Nivedita Majumdar 一粒沙子里的世界：后殖民文学与激进普遍主义

IF 2.6 2区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Race & Class

Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.1177/03063968221136824

P. Jani

引用次数: 0

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