Pub Date : 2023-02-26DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2178606
Peter Gill
ABSTRACT The central objective of democratic governance of intelligence is, through debate and law, to establish public confidence that the agencies work efficiently, effectively and properly. Oversight of intelligence can be seen as a contest between agencies, government and overseers for the control of information. The four interacting dimensions of information control are secrecy, gathering, evaluation and persuasion. This article assesses the oversight performance of the Intelligence and Security Committee (ISC) through the prism of information control in investigating the allegations of UK involvement in torture since 2001. Operating within an overall context of executive dominance, these dimensions constitute a series of filters including what officers tell their managers, what the agencies record, what they tell ministers, what they tell oversight bodies and, finally, what the ISC reports to the public.
{"title":"Twenty years on: Intelligence and Security Committee and investigating torture in the 'war on terror'","authors":"Peter Gill","doi":"10.1080/02684527.2023.2178606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2178606","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The central objective of democratic governance of intelligence is, through debate and law, to establish public confidence that the agencies work efficiently, effectively and properly. Oversight of intelligence can be seen as a contest between agencies, government and overseers for the control of information. The four interacting dimensions of information control are secrecy, gathering, evaluation and persuasion. This article assesses the oversight performance of the Intelligence and Security Committee (ISC) through the prism of information control in investigating the allegations of UK involvement in torture since 2001. Operating within an overall context of executive dominance, these dimensions constitute a series of filters including what officers tell their managers, what the agencies record, what they tell ministers, what they tell oversight bodies and, finally, what the ISC reports to the public.","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"38 1","pages":"799 - 815"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48082646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2175490
Owen Bennett-Jones
Bertelsen, O. “Ukrainian and Jewish Émigrés as Targets of KGB Active Measures in the 1970s.” International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence 34, no. 2 (2021): 267–292. doi:10.1080/08850607.2020.1750093. Douglas, L. The Right Wrong Man: John Demjanjuk and the Last Great Nazi War Crimes Trial. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2016. Garton Ash, T. “Orwell’s List.” The New York Review of Books 50, September 25, (2003): 14. Gentry, J. A. “Belated Success: Soviet Active Measures Against the United States.” American Intelligence Journal 39, no. 2 (2022). Hanusiak, M. Lest We Forget. Toronto: Progress, 1976. Plokhy, S. The Man with the Poison Gun: A Cold War Spy Story. New York: Basic Books, 2016. Rid, T. Active Measures: The Secret History of Disinformation and Political Warfare. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2020. Romerstein, H. “Divide and Conquer: The Soviet Information Campaign Against Ukrainians and Jews.” November 1, 2004 accessed January 4, 2023. https://www.lucorg.com/2020/12/divide-and-conquer-the-kgb-disinformation-campaign -against-ukrainians-and-jews/ . Romerstein, H., and S. Levchenko. The KGB Against the “Main Enemy:” How the Soviet Intelligence Service Operates Against the United States. Lexington MA: Lexington, 1989. Shanes, J., and Y. Petrovsky-Schtern. “An Unlikely Alliance: The 1907 Ukrainian-Jewish Electoral Alliance.” Nations and Nationalism 15, no. 3 (2009): 483–505. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8129.2009.00381.x. Soldatov, A., and I. Borogan. The New Nobility: The Restoration of Russia’s Security State and the Enduring Legacy of the KGB. New York: PublicAffairs, 2010. Zuroff, E., and P. A. Rudling. “Response to Olga Bertelsen’s Article.” International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence 34, no. 2 (2021): 293–297. doi:10.1080/08850607.2021.1875181.
{"title":"The handbook of Asian intelligence cultures","authors":"Owen Bennett-Jones","doi":"10.1080/02684527.2023.2175490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2175490","url":null,"abstract":"Bertelsen, O. “Ukrainian and Jewish Émigrés as Targets of KGB Active Measures in the 1970s.” International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence 34, no. 2 (2021): 267–292. doi:10.1080/08850607.2020.1750093. Douglas, L. The Right Wrong Man: John Demjanjuk and the Last Great Nazi War Crimes Trial. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2016. Garton Ash, T. “Orwell’s List.” The New York Review of Books 50, September 25, (2003): 14. Gentry, J. A. “Belated Success: Soviet Active Measures Against the United States.” American Intelligence Journal 39, no. 2 (2022). Hanusiak, M. Lest We Forget. Toronto: Progress, 1976. Plokhy, S. The Man with the Poison Gun: A Cold War Spy Story. New York: Basic Books, 2016. Rid, T. Active Measures: The Secret History of Disinformation and Political Warfare. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2020. Romerstein, H. “Divide and Conquer: The Soviet Information Campaign Against Ukrainians and Jews.” November 1, 2004 accessed January 4, 2023. https://www.lucorg.com/2020/12/divide-and-conquer-the-kgb-disinformation-campaign -against-ukrainians-and-jews/ . Romerstein, H., and S. Levchenko. The KGB Against the “Main Enemy:” How the Soviet Intelligence Service Operates Against the United States. Lexington MA: Lexington, 1989. Shanes, J., and Y. Petrovsky-Schtern. “An Unlikely Alliance: The 1907 Ukrainian-Jewish Electoral Alliance.” Nations and Nationalism 15, no. 3 (2009): 483–505. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8129.2009.00381.x. Soldatov, A., and I. Borogan. The New Nobility: The Restoration of Russia’s Security State and the Enduring Legacy of the KGB. New York: PublicAffairs, 2010. Zuroff, E., and P. A. Rudling. “Response to Olga Bertelsen’s Article.” International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence 34, no. 2 (2021): 293–297. doi:10.1080/08850607.2021.1875181.","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"38 1","pages":"850 - 852"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46495658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2178163
S. Newbery, C. Kaunert
ABSTRACT As the purpose of the study of intelligence is, in part, to aid the practice of intelligence, scholarship must reflect that practice. This article sets out a theoretical framework for Critical Intelligence Studies that will increase the real-world applicability of the study of intelligence as currently represented by Intelligence Studies. Critical Security Studies’ recognition of the broadening and widening of the concept of security, and the ensuing recognition that intelligence work is not only done by state intelligence agencies or for the security of states, provides an opportunity to push forward the study of intelligence into a position where a well-developed, and theoretically sound, Critical Intelligence Studies can be meaningfully said to exist.
{"title":"Critical Intelligence Studies: a new framework for analysis","authors":"S. Newbery, C. Kaunert","doi":"10.1080/02684527.2023.2178163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2178163","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As the purpose of the study of intelligence is, in part, to aid the practice of intelligence, scholarship must reflect that practice. This article sets out a theoretical framework for Critical Intelligence Studies that will increase the real-world applicability of the study of intelligence as currently represented by Intelligence Studies. Critical Security Studies’ recognition of the broadening and widening of the concept of security, and the ensuing recognition that intelligence work is not only done by state intelligence agencies or for the security of states, provides an opportunity to push forward the study of intelligence into a position where a well-developed, and theoretically sound, Critical Intelligence Studies can be meaningfully said to exist.","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"38 1","pages":"780 - 798"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48544879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-16DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2174641
John A. Gentry
{"title":"Operation Payback: Soviet disinformation and alleged Nazi war criminals in North America","authors":"John A. Gentry","doi":"10.1080/02684527.2023.2174641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2174641","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"38 1","pages":"846 - 850"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46222624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2170744
Ryan Shaffer, B. Shearn
ABSTRACT This article demonstrates how natural language processing (NLP) can be used by intelligence practitioners and scholars to analyse text. Using decades of unredacted East Pakistani intelligence reports declassified and released by the Government of Bangladesh, the article shows how machine learning can provide insight into intelligence documents. In particular, it provides a case study for how NLP can provide quantitative analysis that complements the work of qualitative analysis. Simultaneously, this article also demonstrates how NLP can provide historians with a quantitative methodology to better understand historical government records.
{"title":"Advancing intelligence analysis: using natural language processing on East Pakistani intelligence documents","authors":"Ryan Shaffer, B. Shearn","doi":"10.1080/02684527.2023.2170744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2170744","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article demonstrates how natural language processing (NLP) can be used by intelligence practitioners and scholars to analyse text. Using decades of unredacted East Pakistani intelligence reports declassified and released by the Government of Bangladesh, the article shows how machine learning can provide insight into intelligence documents. In particular, it provides a case study for how NLP can provide quantitative analysis that complements the work of qualitative analysis. Simultaneously, this article also demonstrates how NLP can provide historians with a quantitative methodology to better understand historical government records.","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"38 1","pages":"740 - 763"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49331403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.32381/ns.2022.05.04.3
A. Sarma, S. Sunder
The Automotive industry has a central and critical role in achieving India’s ambitious commitments to arrest climate change. This paper discusses India’s commitments together with the development challenges it faces in its green energy mission in the transportation sector with emphasis on Electric Vehicles (EVs). In this connection, the role and efforts of various stakeholders, including, the Central and State Governments and the industry have been critically analysed. The paper emphasises the need for achieving ‘Atmanirbharta’ or self-reliance in the manufacturing of Zero Emission Vehicles and their critical components, as well as significantly boosting domestic R&D to successfully achieve the goals
{"title":"Decarbonisation Pathways for the Indian Automobile Sector","authors":"A. Sarma, S. Sunder","doi":"10.32381/ns.2022.05.04.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32381/ns.2022.05.04.3","url":null,"abstract":"The Automotive industry has a central and critical role in achieving India’s ambitious commitments to arrest climate change. This paper discusses India’s commitments together with the development challenges it faces in its green energy mission in the transportation sector with emphasis on Electric Vehicles (EVs). In this connection, the role and efforts of various stakeholders, including, the Central and State Governments and the industry have been critically analysed. The paper emphasises the need for achieving ‘Atmanirbharta’ or self-reliance in the manufacturing of Zero Emission Vehicles and their critical components, as well as significantly boosting domestic R&D to successfully achieve the goals","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"38 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78357318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.32381/ns.2022.05.04.1
Dr. V.S. Seshadri
The momentum generated by a significant rise in India’s exports in 2021-22 needs to be sustained despite the prevailing geopolitical and geoeconomic tensions. Indian industry also needs to come forward and fully avail of the recent initiatives launched by the government to build a strong and competitive export capacity and address the high level of trade deficit that India currently faces. It will also strengthen the economic security of the nation. For this goal to be realised, however, it is important to secure a conducive international trading framework. India is actively engaged in this task--both multilaterally on WTO reforms and bilaterally with friendly trade partners for concluding Free Trade Agreements (FTAs). Further, India is discussing with its leading trade partner, the United States, several unsettled trade issues. Negotiations are also underway on the different pillars of the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF). All these are intricate issues and in some ways interrelated. Some of them may also come up in the G-20 under India’s chairmanship. If successfully handled, all of them could also help buttress India’s export effort
{"title":"Opportunities and Challenges in India's International Trade","authors":"Dr. V.S. Seshadri","doi":"10.32381/ns.2022.05.04.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32381/ns.2022.05.04.1","url":null,"abstract":"The momentum generated by a significant rise in India’s exports in 2021-22 needs to be sustained despite the prevailing geopolitical and geoeconomic tensions. Indian industry also needs to come forward and fully avail of the recent initiatives launched by the government to build a strong and competitive export capacity and address the high level of trade deficit that India currently faces. It will also strengthen the economic security of the nation. For this goal to be realised, however, it is important to secure a conducive international trading framework. India is actively engaged in this task--both multilaterally on WTO reforms and bilaterally with friendly trade partners for concluding Free Trade Agreements (FTAs). Further, India is discussing with its leading trade partner, the United States, several unsettled trade issues. Negotiations are also underway on the different pillars of the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF). All these are intricate issues and in some ways interrelated. Some of them may also come up in the G-20 under India’s chairmanship. If successfully handled, all of them could also help buttress India’s export effort","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85252493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.32381/ns.2022.05.04.2
Suhas P. Wani, Dhirendra B. Singh
{"title":"A New Paradigm for Transforming Indian Agriculture","authors":"Suhas P. Wani, Dhirendra B. Singh","doi":"10.32381/ns.2022.05.04.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32381/ns.2022.05.04.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74457015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-05DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2170449
K. Jensen
1. This book is comprised of the following sections and chapters: ‘Introduction: A Pluralistic Approach to Intelligence Scholarship’ by Stephen Coulthart, Michael Landon-Murray, and Damien Van Puyvelde; ‘Part I. Framing Intelligence Research’; ‘1. Framing the Challenges and Opportunities of Intelligence Studies Research’ by Mark Phythian; ‘2. Confessions of an Intelligence Historian’ by John Ferris; ‘Part II. Data Sources and the Study of National Security Intelligence’; ‘3. The Why, Who, and How of Using Qualitative Interviews to Research Intelligence Practices’ by Damien Van Puyvelde; ‘4. The Use of Structured Behavioral Observation Systems to Address Research Questions in Intelligence’ by Misty Duke; ‘5. A Sociological Approach to Intelligence Studies’ by Bridget Rose Nolan; ‘Part III. Multidisciplinary Perspectives on National Security Intelligence Research’; ‘6. Enhancing Political Science Contributions to American Intelligence Studies’ by Stephen Marrin; ‘7. Can Decision Science Improve Intelligence Analysis?’ by David R. Mandel; ‘8. Charting a Research Agenda for Intelligence Studies Using Public Administration and Organization Theory Scholarship’ by Rick CaceresRodriguez and Michael Landon-Murray; ‘9. How the Field of Communication Can Contribute to the Understanding and Study of National Security Intelligence’ by Rubén Arcos; ‘Part IV. Beyond the Ivory Tower: The Research and Practice of Intelligence’; ‘10. Bridging the Gap: The Scholar-Practitioner Divide in Intelligence’ by Brent Durbin; ‘11. The Ivory Tower and the Fourth Estate’ by Paul Lashmar; ‘12. The Ethics of Intelligence Research’ by Ross Bellaby; ‘Conclusion: The Past, Present, and Future of Intelligence Research’ by Stephen Coulthart, Michael Landon-Murray, and Damien Van Puyvelde.
1.本书由以下章节组成:Stephen Coulthart、Michael Landon Murray和Damien Van Puyvelde的《引言:智力奖学金的多元方法》第一部分:框架情报研究1.《界定智力研究的挑战与机遇》,Mark Phythian著2.约翰·费里斯的《情报历史学家的自白》第二部分。数据来源与国家安全情报研究3.Damien Van Puyvelde的《为什么、谁和如何使用定性访谈来研究情报实践》4.米斯蒂·杜克的《使用结构化行为观察系统解决智力研究问题》5.布里奇特·罗斯·诺兰的《智力研究的社会学方法》第三部分“国家安全情报研究的多学科视角”6.斯蒂芬·马林的《加强政治学对美国情报研究的贡献》7.决策科学能改善智力分析吗大卫·R·曼德尔8.Rick Caceres Rodriguez和Michael Landon Murray的《利用公共管理和组织理论奖学金为智力研究制定研究议程》9.“通信领域如何有助于理解和研究国家安全情报”,作者:Rubén Arcos第四部分:象牙塔之外的情报研究与实践10.布伦特·德宾的《弥合鸿沟:学者与实践者的智力鸿沟》11.保罗·拉什马尔的《象牙塔与第四庄园》12.罗斯·贝拉比的《智力研究的伦理学》结论:《智力研究的过去、现在和未来》,Stephen Coulthart、Michael Landon Murray和Damien Van Puyvelde著。
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Pub Date : 2023-02-05DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2170354
Aidan Kerr
Haglund, D. The US “Culture Wars” and the Anglo-American Special Relationship. London: Routledge, 2019. Kissinger, H. The White House Years. New York: Little Brown and Co, 1979. Michael, S. The Real Special Relationship: The True Story of How the British and US Secret Services Work Together. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2022. Philby, K. My Silent War. New York: Random House, 2021. Robson, M. “The Third Eye: Canada’s Development of Autonomous Signals Intelligence to Contribute to Five Eyes Intelligence Sharing.” Intelligence and National Security 35, no. 7 (2020): 954–969. doi:10.1080/02684527.2020. 1768477. Smith, M. Station X: The Codebreakers of Bletchley Park. London: Boxtree, 1998. Wark, W. “The Road to CANUSA: How Canadian Signals Intelligence Won Its Independence and Helped Created the Five Eyes.” Intelligence and National Security 35, no. 1 (2020): 20–34. doi:10.1080/02684527.2019.1685285.
《美国“文化战争”与英美特殊关系》。伦敦:劳特利奇出版社,2019。基辛格:《白宫岁月》。纽约:Little Brown and Co, 1979。《真正的特殊关系:英美秘密机构如何合作的真实故事》。纽约:西蒙与舒斯特,2022。《我沉默的战争》纽约:兰登书屋,2021年。《第三只眼:加拿大自主信号情报的发展对五眼情报共享的贡献》。情报和国家安全35,不。7(2020): 954-969。doi: 10.1080/02684527.2020。1768477. 车站X:布莱切利公园的密码破译者。伦敦:Boxtree出版社,1998。通往CANUSA之路:加拿大信号情报如何赢得独立并帮助创建五眼联盟。情报和国家安全35,不。1(2020): 20-34。doi: 10.1080 / 02684527.2019.1685285。
{"title":"Researching national security intelligence: multidisciplinary approaches","authors":"Aidan Kerr","doi":"10.1080/02684527.2023.2170354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2170354","url":null,"abstract":"Haglund, D. The US “Culture Wars” and the Anglo-American Special Relationship. London: Routledge, 2019. Kissinger, H. The White House Years. New York: Little Brown and Co, 1979. Michael, S. The Real Special Relationship: The True Story of How the British and US Secret Services Work Together. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2022. Philby, K. My Silent War. New York: Random House, 2021. Robson, M. “The Third Eye: Canada’s Development of Autonomous Signals Intelligence to Contribute to Five Eyes Intelligence Sharing.” Intelligence and National Security 35, no. 7 (2020): 954–969. doi:10.1080/02684527.2020. 1768477. Smith, M. Station X: The Codebreakers of Bletchley Park. London: Boxtree, 1998. Wark, W. “The Road to CANUSA: How Canadian Signals Intelligence Won Its Independence and Helped Created the Five Eyes.” Intelligence and National Security 35, no. 1 (2020): 20–34. doi:10.1080/02684527.2019.1685285.","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"38 1","pages":"838 - 843"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42061393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}