Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.32381/ns.2023.06.01.1
Amit Cowshish
{"title":"Organisational Restructuring for Defence Planning and Capability Acquisition","authors":"Amit Cowshish","doi":"10.32381/ns.2023.06.01.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32381/ns.2023.06.01.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85119870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.32381/ns.2022.06.01.3
J. Jeganaathan
{"title":"Dealing with the New Taliban Regime in Afghanistan","authors":"J. Jeganaathan","doi":"10.32381/ns.2022.06.01.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32381/ns.2022.06.01.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75904573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.32381/ns.2023.06.01.2
S. Nayak
{"title":"Regional Cooperation to Preserve the Himalayan System","authors":"S. Nayak","doi":"10.32381/ns.2023.06.01.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32381/ns.2023.06.01.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85976336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2203070
Ryan Shaffer
{"title":"Memoir of an Indian spymaster","authors":"Ryan Shaffer","doi":"10.1080/02684527.2023.2203070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2203070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59293701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2202074
Darren E. Tromblay
ABSTRACT The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the United States’ primary domestically-oriented intelligence service. Opportunities for the collection of foreign intelligence exist within the United States. Two narratives regarding foreign intelligence collection run through the primary source record of Bureau history. The first narrative is that foreign intelligence information is a byproduct of the Bureau’s reactive investigations of threats to national security and the second is that the Bureau has exploited opportunities to develop foreign intelligence as a distinct objective. This latter narrative is supported by a lengthy legacy of activities directed at gathering foreign intelligence and at facilitating the collection of foreign intelligence by other agencies. Identifying and selecting a narrative of foreign intelligence collection will help the Bureau to incorporate this consideration into its future evolution.
{"title":"The FBI and foreign intelligence in the domestic setting","authors":"Darren E. Tromblay","doi":"10.1080/02684527.2023.2202074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2202074","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the United States’ primary domestically-oriented intelligence service. Opportunities for the collection of foreign intelligence exist within the United States. Two narratives regarding foreign intelligence collection run through the primary source record of Bureau history. The first narrative is that foreign intelligence information is a byproduct of the Bureau’s reactive investigations of threats to national security and the second is that the Bureau has exploited opportunities to develop foreign intelligence as a distinct objective. This latter narrative is supported by a lengthy legacy of activities directed at gathering foreign intelligence and at facilitating the collection of foreign intelligence by other agencies. Identifying and selecting a narrative of foreign intelligence collection will help the Bureau to incorporate this consideration into its future evolution.","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43618206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-12DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2181905
T. Juneau, Stephanie Carvin
ABSTRACT Academic debate on the interplay between politics and intelligence is dominated by the U.S. experience. Our research, based on interviews with over sixty individuals in the Canadian intelligence and national security community and including political staffers, provides a new case study: that of Canada, a middle power with considerable access to intelligence through the Five Eyes partnership. We found that cases of hard politicization of intelligence analysis are virtually non-existent in Canada. The most important factor explaining this finding is Canada’s structural position in the world, or how its geography shapes the broader context of interactions between intelligence and politics. Beyond this, six more specific factors at the domestic level also matter: the relative unimportance of foreign and security policy as political issues, few opportunities, a lack of political benefits, low intelligence literacy generally among policy makers, poor transparency in national security decision making, and a tradition of non-partisanship in the civil service. The paper concludes by reflecting on this assessment: while hard politicization remains a rarity in Canada, the shields that have prevented the emergence of politicization will likely be increasingly tested in the future.
{"title":"Politics and intelligence analysis: the Canadian experience","authors":"T. Juneau, Stephanie Carvin","doi":"10.1080/02684527.2023.2181905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2181905","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Academic debate on the interplay between politics and intelligence is dominated by the U.S. experience. Our research, based on interviews with over sixty individuals in the Canadian intelligence and national security community and including political staffers, provides a new case study: that of Canada, a middle power with considerable access to intelligence through the Five Eyes partnership. We found that cases of hard politicization of intelligence analysis are virtually non-existent in Canada. The most important factor explaining this finding is Canada’s structural position in the world, or how its geography shapes the broader context of interactions between intelligence and politics. Beyond this, six more specific factors at the domestic level also matter: the relative unimportance of foreign and security policy as political issues, few opportunities, a lack of political benefits, low intelligence literacy generally among policy makers, poor transparency in national security decision making, and a tradition of non-partisanship in the civil service. The paper concludes by reflecting on this assessment: while hard politicization remains a rarity in Canada, the shields that have prevented the emergence of politicization will likely be increasingly tested in the future.","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"38 1","pages":"691 - 705"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47341568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-07DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2181923
Dov H. Levin
ABSTRACT In runup to 2020 U.S. elections U.S. intelligence agencies tried to prevent Russian covert operations from affecting the results. Various methods were used including the exposure of detected covert Russian activities. The question of the actual effects of this counterintelligence operation however remains open. This study examines the effects of the exposure strategy on target public using a novel method. I find strong evidence that U.S. intelligence agencies efforts to expose the Russian hand succeeded in blunting the effects of the targeted covert activities. This indicates that the exposure counterintelligence strategy is a potent tool for defanging covert foreign election interference/partisan electoral interventions.
{"title":"Is sunlight the best counterintelligence technique? the effectiveness of covert operation exposure in blunting the Russian intervention in the 2020 U.S. election","authors":"Dov H. Levin","doi":"10.1080/02684527.2023.2181923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2181923","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In runup to 2020 U.S. elections U.S. intelligence agencies tried to prevent Russian covert operations from affecting the results. Various methods were used including the exposure of detected covert Russian activities. The question of the actual effects of this counterintelligence operation however remains open. This study examines the effects of the exposure strategy on target public using a novel method. I find strong evidence that U.S. intelligence agencies efforts to expose the Russian hand succeeded in blunting the effects of the targeted covert activities. This indicates that the exposure counterintelligence strategy is a potent tool for defanging covert foreign election interference/partisan electoral interventions.","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"38 1","pages":"816 - 834"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41965424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2178748
David A. Langbart
ABSTRACT The United States found itself relatively unprepared to participate in the World War I peace conference that convened in Paris in January 1919. President Woodrow Wilson began American preparations for the peace conference in mid-1917, when he established ‘The Inquiry’ to provide background and policy papers for use at the negotiating table. Once the conference began, however, the American peace commissioners realized they required more current information to support their work. To supplement the information provided by the Department of State, the American Commission to Negotiate Peace established its own sources. In addition to participating in a number of inter-allied investigatory missions established by the conferees, the Americans sent twelve field missions of their own to various places in Europe and Asia Minor to collect information. Three of those field missions targeted Russia. The results of those missions were mixed. This article discusses the origins of the Commission’s little-known field mission program and describes the work and activities of the three missions into Russian territory. In doing so, it shows some of the earliest steps in the evolution of a more modern approach to the gathering of foreign intelligence consonant with the more prominent of the United States role in international affairs as a result of the war.
{"title":"'We should have our own observers of information': the American Commission to negotiate peace looks at Russia, 1919","authors":"David A. Langbart","doi":"10.1080/02684527.2023.2178748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2178748","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The United States found itself relatively unprepared to participate in the World War I peace conference that convened in Paris in January 1919. President Woodrow Wilson began American preparations for the peace conference in mid-1917, when he established ‘The Inquiry’ to provide background and policy papers for use at the negotiating table. Once the conference began, however, the American peace commissioners realized they required more current information to support their work. To supplement the information provided by the Department of State, the American Commission to Negotiate Peace established its own sources. In addition to participating in a number of inter-allied investigatory missions established by the conferees, the Americans sent twelve field missions of their own to various places in Europe and Asia Minor to collect information. Three of those field missions targeted Russia. The results of those missions were mixed. This article discusses the origins of the Commission’s little-known field mission program and describes the work and activities of the three missions into Russian territory. In doing so, it shows some of the earliest steps in the evolution of a more modern approach to the gathering of foreign intelligence consonant with the more prominent of the United States role in international affairs as a result of the war.","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"38 1","pages":"764 - 779"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46002854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-26DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2171535
Ryan Shaffer
{"title":"India’s foreign intelligence history and future challenges","authors":"Ryan Shaffer","doi":"10.1080/02684527.2023.2171535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2171535","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41761300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-26DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2023.2180757
Paul Rimmer
{"title":"Michael Herman with David Schaefer","authors":"Paul Rimmer","doi":"10.1080/02684527.2023.2180757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2180757","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47048,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence and National Security","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49468032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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