: My paper offers a new interpretation of Reid ’ s account of social operations of the human mind. I argue that it is important to acknowledge the counterpart structure of social operations. By this I mean that for Reid every social operation is paired with a counterpart operation. On the view that I ascribe to Reid, at least two intelligent beings take part in a social operation and the social operation does not come into existence until both the social operation and its counterpart operation have been exercised and the relevant mental thoughts made known to the other being by words or signs.
{"title":"Thomas Reid on Promises and Social Operations of the Human Mind","authors":"Ruth Boeker","doi":"10.1111/PAPQ.12369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/PAPQ.12369","url":null,"abstract":": My paper offers a new interpretation of Reid ’ s account of social operations of the human mind. I argue that it is important to acknowledge the counterpart structure of social operations. By this I mean that for Reid every social operation is paired with a counterpart operation. On the view that I ascribe to Reid, at least two intelligent beings take part in a social operation and the social operation does not come into existence until both the social operation and its counterpart operation have been exercised and the relevant mental thoughts made known to the other being by words or signs.","PeriodicalId":47097,"journal":{"name":"PACIFIC PHILOSOPHICAL QUARTERLY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/PAPQ.12369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46978919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Pragmatic modulation makes contextual information necessary for interpretation. This poses a problem for homophonic reports and inter-contextual communication in general: of co-situated interlocutors, we can expect some com- mon ground, but non-co-situated interpreters lack access to the context of utterance. Here I argue that we can nonetheless share modulated contents via homophonic reports. First, occasion-unspecific information is often sufficient for the recovery of modulated content. Second, interpreters can recover what is said with different degrees of accuracy. Homophonic reports and inter-contextual communication are often successful because the reporting context does not demand full accuracy.
{"title":"Homophonic Reports and Gradual Communication","authors":"C. Picazo","doi":"10.1111/PAPQ.12368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/PAPQ.12368","url":null,"abstract":": Pragmatic modulation makes contextual information necessary for interpretation. This poses a problem for homophonic reports and inter-contextual communication in general: of co-situated interlocutors, we can expect some com- mon ground, but non-co-situated interpreters lack access to the context of utterance. Here I argue that we can nonetheless share modulated contents via homophonic reports. First, occasion-unspecific information is often sufficient for the recovery of modulated content. Second, interpreters can recover what is said with different degrees of accuracy. Homophonic reports and inter-contextual communication are often successful because the reporting context does not demand full accuracy.","PeriodicalId":47097,"journal":{"name":"PACIFIC PHILOSOPHICAL QUARTERLY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/PAPQ.12368","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45347254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: According to the standard view of pictorial reference, a picture pro-duces singular thought in virtue of both its appearance and its history. Zeimbekis (2010) challenges this view, arguing that the perception of the picture ’ s appearance does not contribute to the production of singular thought. The paper de-fends the standard view from Zeimbekis ’ challenge, specifying the roles of appearance and history in pictorial reference. While knowledge about the picture ’ s history allows one to identify the standpoint from which to see the scene depicted, the perception of the picture ’ s appearance exploits that standpoint to single out individuals in that scene.
{"title":"Seeing‐in and Singling Out: How to Reconcile Pictures with Singular Thought","authors":"E. Terrone","doi":"10.1111/PAPQ.12366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/PAPQ.12366","url":null,"abstract":": According to the standard view of pictorial reference, a picture pro-duces singular thought in virtue of both its appearance and its history. Zeimbekis (2010) challenges this view, arguing that the perception of the picture ’ s appearance does not contribute to the production of singular thought. The paper de-fends the standard view from Zeimbekis ’ challenge, specifying the roles of appearance and history in pictorial reference. While knowledge about the picture ’ s history allows one to identify the standpoint from which to see the scene depicted, the perception of the picture ’ s appearance exploits that standpoint to single out individuals in that scene.","PeriodicalId":47097,"journal":{"name":"PACIFIC PHILOSOPHICAL QUARTERLY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/PAPQ.12366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43631418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Activity of Reasoning: How Reasoning Can Constitute Epistemic Agency","authors":"D. Jenkins","doi":"10.1111/PAPQ.12363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/PAPQ.12363","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47097,"journal":{"name":"PACIFIC PHILOSOPHICAL QUARTERLY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/PAPQ.12363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44195751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human and Animal Well‐Being","authors":"Donald W. Bruckner","doi":"10.1111/papq.12362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/papq.12362","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47097,"journal":{"name":"PACIFIC PHILOSOPHICAL QUARTERLY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/papq.12362","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42592174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I argue against the Standard View of ignorance, according to which ignorance is defined as equivalent to lack of knowledge, that cases of environmental epistemic luck, though entailing lack of knowledge, do not necessarily entail ignorance. In support of my argument, I contend that in cases of environmental luck an agent retains what I call epistemic access to the relevant fact by successfully exercising her epistemic agency and that ignorance and non-ignorance, contrary to what the Standard View predicts, are not modal in the sense that knowledge is. After responding to objections, I conclude by sketching an alternative account of ignorance centered on the notions of epistemic access and epistemic agency.
{"title":"Lucky Ignorance, Modality and Lack of Knowledge","authors":"Oscar A. Piedrahita","doi":"10.1111/PAPQ.12364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/PAPQ.12364","url":null,"abstract":"I argue against the Standard View of ignorance, according to which ignorance is defined as equivalent to lack of knowledge, that cases of environmental epistemic luck, though entailing lack of knowledge, do not necessarily entail ignorance. In support of my argument, I contend that in cases of environmental luck an agent retains what I call epistemic access to the relevant fact by successfully exercising her epistemic agency and that ignorance and non-ignorance, contrary to what the Standard View predicts, are not modal in the sense that knowledge is. After responding to objections, I conclude by sketching an alternative account of ignorance centered on the notions of epistemic access and epistemic agency.","PeriodicalId":47097,"journal":{"name":"PACIFIC PHILOSOPHICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"102 1","pages":"468-490"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/PAPQ.12364","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44334789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Is it possible for an individual that has gone out of being to come back into being again? The English Aristotelian, Thomas White, argued that it is not. Thomas Hobbes disagreed and used the case of the Ship of Theseus to argue that individuals that have gone out of being may come back into being again. This paper provides the first systematic account of their arguments. It is doubtful that Hobbes has a consistent case against White. Still, his criticism may have prompted White to clarify his views on identity over time in his later work.
：一个已经消失的个体有可能重新产生吗？英国亚里士多德托马斯·怀特认为事实并非如此。托马斯·霍布斯（Thomas Hobbes）不同意这一观点，并以《忒修斯之船》（Ship of Theseus）为例，认为已经消失的个体可能会重新产生。本文首次系统地阐述了他们的论点。值得怀疑的是，霍布斯是否对怀特有一贯的指控。尽管如此，随着时间的推移，他的批评可能促使怀特在后来的作品中澄清了他对身份的看法。
{"title":"Thomas Hobbes and Thomas White on Identity and Discontinuous Existence","authors":"H. T. Adriaenssen, S. Alma","doi":"10.1111/PAPQ.12354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/PAPQ.12354","url":null,"abstract":": Is it possible for an individual that has gone out of being to come back into being again? The English Aristotelian, Thomas White, argued that it is not. Thomas Hobbes disagreed and used the case of the Ship of Theseus to argue that individuals that have gone out of being may come back into being again. This paper provides the first systematic account of their arguments. It is doubtful that Hobbes has a consistent case against White. Still, his criticism may have prompted White to clarify his views on identity over time in his later work.","PeriodicalId":47097,"journal":{"name":"PACIFIC PHILOSOPHICAL QUARTERLY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/PAPQ.12354","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43246374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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