BACKGROUND: Although workplace injury rehabilitation is a significant economic and social burden for injured workers and the community, it remains inconclusive whether the worker’s choice of provider and treatment type influences these costs or the outcome of rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: This study explored what choices injured workers could access during rehabilitation in terms of their provider and treatment, what hindered or helped their choice, and whether workers perceived that choice influenced the outcome of their rehabilitation. METHODS: A mixed methods study was employed, utilising an online survey and semi-structured telephone interviews. RESULTS: Injured workers reported that being able to choose their provider and treatment was not straightforward. Obstacles included systemic rigidity, poor relationships between stakeholders, and unfamiliarity with the system. Most survey respondents perceived that the degree of choice they had in their treatment influenced the outcome of their rehabilitation and sometimes also their occupational bond, career, and finances. CONCLUSION: The study found that choice of provider and treatment type does matter for workers undergoing rehabilitation, impacting on outcomes including occupational bond, income, and disputes. In balancing the need for cost containment with social responsibility, both financial and psychosocial outcomes are relevant for those engaged in rehabilitation of injured workers.
{"title":"Choice and outcomes in worker injury rehabilitation: A mixed methods study","authors":"Olwen Anderson, V. McLennan, Christine Randall","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230048","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Although workplace injury rehabilitation is a significant economic and social burden for injured workers and the community, it remains inconclusive whether the worker’s choice of provider and treatment type influences these costs or the outcome of rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: This study explored what choices injured workers could access during rehabilitation in terms of their provider and treatment, what hindered or helped their choice, and whether workers perceived that choice influenced the outcome of their rehabilitation. METHODS: A mixed methods study was employed, utilising an online survey and semi-structured telephone interviews. RESULTS: Injured workers reported that being able to choose their provider and treatment was not straightforward. Obstacles included systemic rigidity, poor relationships between stakeholders, and unfamiliarity with the system. Most survey respondents perceived that the degree of choice they had in their treatment influenced the outcome of their rehabilitation and sometimes also their occupational bond, career, and finances. CONCLUSION: The study found that choice of provider and treatment type does matter for workers undergoing rehabilitation, impacting on outcomes including occupational bond, income, and disputes. In balancing the need for cost containment with social responsibility, both financial and psychosocial outcomes are relevant for those engaged in rehabilitation of injured workers.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139340768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weili Lu, Janice Oursler, N. Gao, Samantha J. Herrick, Jake Mariani, Jason Diviney, Crystal Socha, John Beninato
BACKGROUND: Work-related soft skills can be an important factor for successful employment outcomes, particularly for individuals with disabilities. OBJECTIVE: This study conducted two focus groups with stakeholders for two state Rehabilitation Councils to identify the needs of specific work-related soft skills for employment success of transition age youth with disabilities. METHODS: 30 participants including 10 individuals with disabilities, 5 family members of individuals with disabilities, 5 disability service providers, 9 disability advocates and 1 unidentified, completed two focus groups to identify a list of soft skills by importance for transition age youth with disabilities to succeed at work. RESULTS: Focus group participants reported that communication skills (face to face communication and emails to coworkers, customers, and employers), conflict resolution skills, advocacy skills, and professionalism are the most important soft skills for transition age youth with disabilities to be successful at work. CONCLUSION: Findings indicated soft skills are critical to work success for transition age youth with disabilities. Vocational rehabilitation providers should teach these critical soft skills when serving transition age youth with disabilities.
{"title":"Focus groups on employment related soft skills for transition age youth with disabilities","authors":"Weili Lu, Janice Oursler, N. Gao, Samantha J. Herrick, Jake Mariani, Jason Diviney, Crystal Socha, John Beninato","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230033","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Work-related soft skills can be an important factor for successful employment outcomes, particularly for individuals with disabilities. OBJECTIVE: This study conducted two focus groups with stakeholders for two state Rehabilitation Councils to identify the needs of specific work-related soft skills for employment success of transition age youth with disabilities. METHODS: 30 participants including 10 individuals with disabilities, 5 family members of individuals with disabilities, 5 disability service providers, 9 disability advocates and 1 unidentified, completed two focus groups to identify a list of soft skills by importance for transition age youth with disabilities to succeed at work. RESULTS: Focus group participants reported that communication skills (face to face communication and emails to coworkers, customers, and employers), conflict resolution skills, advocacy skills, and professionalism are the most important soft skills for transition age youth with disabilities to be successful at work. CONCLUSION: Findings indicated soft skills are critical to work success for transition age youth with disabilities. Vocational rehabilitation providers should teach these critical soft skills when serving transition age youth with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85384089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yazmin Castruita Rios, Beatrice Lee, Emre Umucu, Veronica Y Estala-Gutierrez, Jay Kim, T. Tansey
BACKGROUND: Prior research has examined the associations between demographic variables and employment outcomes in transition-age youth with disabilities, yet little is known about the supports and services that provide pathways to employment among transition-age Hispanic youth with disabilities. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to identify variables associated with employment for transition-age Hispanic youth VR participants. Among them, demographic factors, barriers to employment, services associated with exiting in competitive integrated employment and associated weekly earnings. METHODS: We used descriptive analysis to examine the demographic characteristics of the study’s sample. Variables were then dichotomized, except for age at application, to be analyzed via logistic regression and a stepwise forward regression analysis was performed to assess the association between different levels of independent variables and selected dependent variables. RESULTS: Findings were consistent with previous findings examining the relationships between sociodemographic variables, VR-related variables, and employment outcomes in transition-age youth with disabilities. Our findings revealed that there are several positive and negative sociodemographic and VR-related variables associated with employment and weekly earnings for transition-age Hispanic youth VR participants. CONCLUSION: Besides supporting transition-age Hispanic youth with disabilities, understanding familial perspectives and needs would also be critical in facilitating a successful employment experience.
{"title":"Facilitators and barriers of employment among transition-age Hispanic youth with disabilities","authors":"Yazmin Castruita Rios, Beatrice Lee, Emre Umucu, Veronica Y Estala-Gutierrez, Jay Kim, T. Tansey","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230037","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Prior research has examined the associations between demographic variables and employment outcomes in transition-age youth with disabilities, yet little is known about the supports and services that provide pathways to employment among transition-age Hispanic youth with disabilities. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to identify variables associated with employment for transition-age Hispanic youth VR participants. Among them, demographic factors, barriers to employment, services associated with exiting in competitive integrated employment and associated weekly earnings. METHODS: We used descriptive analysis to examine the demographic characteristics of the study’s sample. Variables were then dichotomized, except for age at application, to be analyzed via logistic regression and a stepwise forward regression analysis was performed to assess the association between different levels of independent variables and selected dependent variables. RESULTS: Findings were consistent with previous findings examining the relationships between sociodemographic variables, VR-related variables, and employment outcomes in transition-age youth with disabilities. Our findings revealed that there are several positive and negative sociodemographic and VR-related variables associated with employment and weekly earnings for transition-age Hispanic youth VR participants. CONCLUSION: Besides supporting transition-age Hispanic youth with disabilities, understanding familial perspectives and needs would also be critical in facilitating a successful employment experience.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80162604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Griffiths, Amy E. HURLEY-HANSON, Cristina Giannantonio, Kaleigh Hyde, Erik J. Linstead, Rachel Wiegand, J. Brady
BACKGROUND: The employment rates of autistic young adults continue to be significantly lower than that of their neurotypical peers. OBJECTIVE: Researchers in this study sought to identify the barriers and facilitators associated with these individuals’ transition into the workforce to better understand how educators and stakeholders can support students’ post-secondary career plans. METHODS: Investigators used a classification tree analysis with a sample of 236 caregivers of autistic individuals or the individuals themselves, who completed an online survey. RESULTS: The analysis identified critical factors in predicting successful employment for respondents 21 years and under and those over 21 years old. These factors included: difficulties in the job search process, challenges with relationships at work, resources used, job maintenance, motivation to work, and the application process. CONCLUSION: These findings represent the first use of machine learning to identify pivotal points on the path to employment for autistic individuals. This information will better prepare school-based professionals and other stakeholders to support their students in attaining and maintaining employment, a critical aspect of achieving fulfillment and independence. Future research should consider the perspectives of other stakeholders, including employers, and apply the findings to the development of interventions.
{"title":"Enhancing employment outcomes for autistic youth: Using machine learning to identify strategies for success","authors":"A. Griffiths, Amy E. HURLEY-HANSON, Cristina Giannantonio, Kaleigh Hyde, Erik J. Linstead, Rachel Wiegand, J. Brady","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230034","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The employment rates of autistic young adults continue to be significantly lower than that of their neurotypical peers. OBJECTIVE: Researchers in this study sought to identify the barriers and facilitators associated with these individuals’ transition into the workforce to better understand how educators and stakeholders can support students’ post-secondary career plans. METHODS: Investigators used a classification tree analysis with a sample of 236 caregivers of autistic individuals or the individuals themselves, who completed an online survey. RESULTS: The analysis identified critical factors in predicting successful employment for respondents 21 years and under and those over 21 years old. These factors included: difficulties in the job search process, challenges with relationships at work, resources used, job maintenance, motivation to work, and the application process. CONCLUSION: These findings represent the first use of machine learning to identify pivotal points on the path to employment for autistic individuals. This information will better prepare school-based professionals and other stakeholders to support their students in attaining and maintaining employment, a critical aspect of achieving fulfillment and independence. Future research should consider the perspectives of other stakeholders, including employers, and apply the findings to the development of interventions.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"1006 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77161763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Individuals diagnosed with stroke have a poor return to work rate, particularly in rural communities. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to describe the experiences and perceptions of individuals diagnosed with stroke about the usefulness of the Model of Occupational Self Efficacy (MOOSE) in assisting them in returning to their worker role. METHODS: The study utilized an explorative, descriptive, qualitative research design, furthermore the data was analyzed using thematic analysis, resulting in three themes. Seven stroke survivors and one key informant participated in the study. RESULTS: Theme one: Obstacles that affect the return to work of stroke survivors in a rural community. Theme two: Re-establishing a strong belief in functional ability through participation in occupation. Finally, theme three: The MOOSE enables transition to the worker role in a rural context. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the MOOSE is a useful model in facilitating the return to work of individuals diagnosed with a stroke. The participants struggled to return to work not only due to their loss of abilities but also their lack of knowledge with regard to how to return to work and their diagnosis of a stroke.
{"title":"The usefulness of the Model of Occupational Self Efficacy (MOOSE) in returning stroke survivors to work in a rural community in Cape Town, South Africa","authors":"M. Soeker, Mellissa Smith, F. Karachi","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230041","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Individuals diagnosed with stroke have a poor return to work rate, particularly in rural communities. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to describe the experiences and perceptions of individuals diagnosed with stroke about the usefulness of the Model of Occupational Self Efficacy (MOOSE) in assisting them in returning to their worker role. METHODS: The study utilized an explorative, descriptive, qualitative research design, furthermore the data was analyzed using thematic analysis, resulting in three themes. Seven stroke survivors and one key informant participated in the study. RESULTS: Theme one: Obstacles that affect the return to work of stroke survivors in a rural community. Theme two: Re-establishing a strong belief in functional ability through participation in occupation. Finally, theme three: The MOOSE enables transition to the worker role in a rural context. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the MOOSE is a useful model in facilitating the return to work of individuals diagnosed with a stroke. The participants struggled to return to work not only due to their loss of abilities but also their lack of knowledge with regard to how to return to work and their diagnosis of a stroke.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89778447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia often experience major limitations in returning to work despite participating in rehabilitation programs. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether individuals who were diagnosed with schizophrenia experienced improved return to work rates, quality of life and self-efficacy beliefs after participating in an intervention program that utilizes the Model of Occupational Self-Efficacy (MOOSE). METHOD: Nine (n = 9) individuals who were diagnosed with schizophrenia participated in the study. The research study specifically utilized a pre- and post-intervention research design. In order to gather data from the participants, the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire and Self-Efficacy Questionnaires were used to determine whether the individual living with schizophrenia’s quality of life and self-efficacy beliefs improved after participating in a vocational rehabilitation program. RESULTS: All participants in this study presented with an improvement in Return-to-Work Rates, Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Quality of Life scores. The results of the study revealed a 100% return to work rate, a statistically significant effect of the intervention (i.e., MOOSE) on Self-Efficacy beliefs, measured using the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, F(1, 8) = 6.606, p = 0.03.*. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicated that MOOSE is a useful model to facilitate the return to work of individuals living with schizophrenia. It is also suggested that cognitive rehabilitative activities, life skills and work skills training in a real work environment be included as part of the vocational rehabilitation program.
背景:被诊断为精神分裂症的个体尽管参加了康复计划，但在重返工作岗位时往往遇到很大的限制。目的:本研究的目的是确定被诊断为精神分裂症的个体在参与利用职业自我效能模型(MOOSE)的干预计划后，是否能改善重返工作岗位的率、生活质量和自我效能感信念。方法:9名(n = 9)被诊断为精神分裂症的个体参与了这项研究。本研究特别采用了干预前和干预后的研究设计。为了收集参与者的数据，我们使用了WHO生活质量问卷和自我效能感问卷来确定精神分裂症患者在参加职业康复计划后是否改善了生活质量和自我效能感信念。结果:本研究的所有参与者在重返工作率、自我效能信念和生活质量得分方面均有改善。研究结果显示，干预(即MOOSE)对自我效能感信念的影响为100%，具有统计学意义，F(1,8) = 6.606, p = 0.03.*。结论:本研究结果表明，MOOSE是促进精神分裂症患者重返工作岗位的有用模型。还建议将认知康复活动、生活技能和实际工作环境中的工作技能培训作为职业康复方案的一部分。
{"title":"The effectiveness of the model of occupational self-efficacy in improving the quality of life and self-efficacy beliefs in individuals living with schizophrenia: A pre- and post-intervention pilot study","authors":"M. Soeker, Iesrafeel Abbas, F. Karachi","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230039","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia often experience major limitations in returning to work despite participating in rehabilitation programs. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether individuals who were diagnosed with schizophrenia experienced improved return to work rates, quality of life and self-efficacy beliefs after participating in an intervention program that utilizes the Model of Occupational Self-Efficacy (MOOSE). METHOD: Nine (n = 9) individuals who were diagnosed with schizophrenia participated in the study. The research study specifically utilized a pre- and post-intervention research design. In order to gather data from the participants, the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire and Self-Efficacy Questionnaires were used to determine whether the individual living with schizophrenia’s quality of life and self-efficacy beliefs improved after participating in a vocational rehabilitation program. RESULTS: All participants in this study presented with an improvement in Return-to-Work Rates, Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Quality of Life scores. The results of the study revealed a 100% return to work rate, a statistically significant effect of the intervention (i.e., MOOSE) on Self-Efficacy beliefs, measured using the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, F(1, 8) = 6.606, p = 0.03.*. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicated that MOOSE is a useful model to facilitate the return to work of individuals living with schizophrenia. It is also suggested that cognitive rehabilitative activities, life skills and work skills training in a real work environment be included as part of the vocational rehabilitation program.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79923233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Job seekers must know how to determine whether the jobs identified during a search are a good fit. Employment decision making requires problem-solving and choice-making skills. There is limited research on employment decision making skills. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to teach three young adults with dually diagnosed visual impairment and intellectual/developmental disability to determine appropriate job fit. The mnemonic “ELSE” was paired with remote audio coaching to teach the participants how to determine if the education level, likes, skills, and earnings of each presented job were an appropriate fit for them. METHODS: This study used a single subject design to determine the effectiveness of the multicomponent intervention. The design was a multiple baseline across participant design. RESULTS: The results demonstrated all three participants were able to reach a pre-determined mastery criterion of the skill. Maintenance and generalization were variable across participants. CONCLUSIONS: All participants who received the intervention increased their ability to determine appropriate job fit. The results from this study are promising and demonstrate the potential and flexibility of the mnemonic ELSE on determining appropriate job fit by young adults with VI and IDD.
{"title":"Teaching young adults with visual impairment and intellectual/developmental disability how to determine appropriate job fit","authors":"Kelly B. Kearney, Ayse Torres, Saurym Quezada","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230038","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Job seekers must know how to determine whether the jobs identified during a search are a good fit. Employment decision making requires problem-solving and choice-making skills. There is limited research on employment decision making skills. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to teach three young adults with dually diagnosed visual impairment and intellectual/developmental disability to determine appropriate job fit. The mnemonic “ELSE” was paired with remote audio coaching to teach the participants how to determine if the education level, likes, skills, and earnings of each presented job were an appropriate fit for them. METHODS: This study used a single subject design to determine the effectiveness of the multicomponent intervention. The design was a multiple baseline across participant design. RESULTS: The results demonstrated all three participants were able to reach a pre-determined mastery criterion of the skill. Maintenance and generalization were variable across participants. CONCLUSIONS: All participants who received the intervention increased their ability to determine appropriate job fit. The results from this study are promising and demonstrate the potential and flexibility of the mnemonic ELSE on determining appropriate job fit by young adults with VI and IDD.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81457408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephanie Petty, Niamh Eccles, Lid Tunstall, Hannah Richardson
BACKGROUND: Employment prospects are poor for autistic adults, despite their abilities and desire to work. OBJECTIVE: In this study, autistic and non-autistic employees gave shortlists of positive contributions of autistic employees, workplace difficulties and any adjustments being made to support autistic employees in the United Kingdom, UK. This aimed to provide routine and achievable good practice examples. METHOD: An online questionnaire was completed by 98 employees, mostly from the education sector. Freelisting methodology was implemented, which is a qualitative interviewing and data analysis technique whereby participants give their answers to survey questions as lists, to identify priority answers for a particular group. RESULTS: Consensus analysis showed that workplaces agreed on ways that autistic employees contribute positively to the workplace, including approaching workplace tasks from a different angle, attention to detail and contributing innovative and creative thinking. The main difficulties for autistic employees were noise and communication differences relative to non-autistic peers. Despite agreed difficulties and positive contributions, autistic and non-autistic employees reported usual practice in their workplaces as there being no reasonable adjustments made. CONCLUSION: Findings show the need for investment into inclusive and supportive workplaces, and call for further research into good employment practices as identified by autistic employees.
{"title":"Shortlists of workplace support for autistic employees: A freelisting study in the UK","authors":"Stephanie Petty, Niamh Eccles, Lid Tunstall, Hannah Richardson","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230040","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Employment prospects are poor for autistic adults, despite their abilities and desire to work. OBJECTIVE: In this study, autistic and non-autistic employees gave shortlists of positive contributions of autistic employees, workplace difficulties and any adjustments being made to support autistic employees in the United Kingdom, UK. This aimed to provide routine and achievable good practice examples. METHOD: An online questionnaire was completed by 98 employees, mostly from the education sector. Freelisting methodology was implemented, which is a qualitative interviewing and data analysis technique whereby participants give their answers to survey questions as lists, to identify priority answers for a particular group. RESULTS: Consensus analysis showed that workplaces agreed on ways that autistic employees contribute positively to the workplace, including approaching workplace tasks from a different angle, attention to detail and contributing innovative and creative thinking. The main difficulties for autistic employees were noise and communication differences relative to non-autistic peers. Despite agreed difficulties and positive contributions, autistic and non-autistic employees reported usual practice in their workplaces as there being no reasonable adjustments made. CONCLUSION: Findings show the need for investment into inclusive and supportive workplaces, and call for further research into good employment practices as identified by autistic employees.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88459531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: There are still a lot of countries that do not provide employment opportunities to people with intellectual disability (ID). Ten years after the UN passed the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, it is important to review existing studies on the employment of individuals with intellectual disabilities. OBJECTIVE: In this study, researchers reviewed studies that examined the employment of people with intellectual disability. METHOD: A thorough search of various bibliographic databases identified 1005 academic papers. Ten studies on the employment of persons with intellectual disabilities met the criteria for in-depth analysis. RESULTS: Employment is vital for individuals with intellectual disability, but predetermined employment options and parent-related factors may limit their access to the labour market. Efforts must be made to ensure a seamless progression from school to work. Lack of support makes bridging the gap between individual capacity and societal demands challenging. For people with intellectual disability to increase employment opportunities, stakeholders must work together. CONCLUSION: An intervention to support and follow up on older employees with intellectual disability will be greatly appreciated.
{"title":"Studies related to employment of persons with intellectual disability: A systematic review","authors":"U. Jacob, Jace Pillay","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230035","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: There are still a lot of countries that do not provide employment opportunities to people with intellectual disability (ID). Ten years after the UN passed the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, it is important to review existing studies on the employment of individuals with intellectual disabilities. OBJECTIVE: In this study, researchers reviewed studies that examined the employment of people with intellectual disability. METHOD: A thorough search of various bibliographic databases identified 1005 academic papers. Ten studies on the employment of persons with intellectual disabilities met the criteria for in-depth analysis. RESULTS: Employment is vital for individuals with intellectual disability, but predetermined employment options and parent-related factors may limit their access to the labour market. Efforts must be made to ensure a seamless progression from school to work. Lack of support makes bridging the gap between individual capacity and societal demands challenging. For people with intellectual disability to increase employment opportunities, stakeholders must work together. CONCLUSION: An intervention to support and follow up on older employees with intellectual disability will be greatly appreciated.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85924333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saeideh Shahin, Mallory Ryan, Briano DiRezze, Sara Ahmed, D. Anaby
BACKGROUND: Assessing workplace participation of people with disability using measures that can inform practice is vital. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the utility of the Youth and Young-adult Participation and Environment Measure’s (Y-PEM) Workplace Participation domain. METHOD: Four focus groups were conducted with 11 stakeholders from different employment-related settings. Open-ended questions regarding Y-PEM’s interpretation, meaning and relevance, drawing on elements of clinical utility, were used. Data were analyzed by two investigators using inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS: Stakeholders’ experience in providing/receiving employment services varied (1– 16 years). Three themes emerged. The Y-PEM captures multiple factors in employment transition; it generates insights and sparks conversations to better appreciate and support individuals’ transitioning to employment. Y-PEM meets the need for tools to guide services of transitioning to employment as it is comprehensive in assessing participation and the environment, can provide a “snapshot” of where the young person is at in their transition, and serves different purposes. The tool provides a “piece of the pie” within this complex process and could be used in conjunction with other tools. CONCLUSION: Y-PEM was perceived as essential, comprehensive, and appropriate for use in clinical and employment-related service contexts to inform practice, and guide stakeholders’ decision-making in facilitating transitioning to employment.
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