A. Griffiths, Amy E. HURLEY-HANSON, Cristina Giannantonio, Kaleigh Hyde, Erik J. Linstead, Rachel Wiegand, J. Brady
BACKGROUND: The employment rates of autistic young adults continue to be significantly lower than that of their neurotypical peers. OBJECTIVE: Researchers in this study sought to identify the barriers and facilitators associated with these individuals’ transition into the workforce to better understand how educators and stakeholders can support students’ post-secondary career plans. METHODS: Investigators used a classification tree analysis with a sample of 236 caregivers of autistic individuals or the individuals themselves, who completed an online survey. RESULTS: The analysis identified critical factors in predicting successful employment for respondents 21 years and under and those over 21 years old. These factors included: difficulties in the job search process, challenges with relationships at work, resources used, job maintenance, motivation to work, and the application process. CONCLUSION: These findings represent the first use of machine learning to identify pivotal points on the path to employment for autistic individuals. This information will better prepare school-based professionals and other stakeholders to support their students in attaining and maintaining employment, a critical aspect of achieving fulfillment and independence. Future research should consider the perspectives of other stakeholders, including employers, and apply the findings to the development of interventions.
{"title":"Enhancing employment outcomes for autistic youth: Using machine learning to identify strategies for success","authors":"A. Griffiths, Amy E. HURLEY-HANSON, Cristina Giannantonio, Kaleigh Hyde, Erik J. Linstead, Rachel Wiegand, J. Brady","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230034","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The employment rates of autistic young adults continue to be significantly lower than that of their neurotypical peers. OBJECTIVE: Researchers in this study sought to identify the barriers and facilitators associated with these individuals’ transition into the workforce to better understand how educators and stakeholders can support students’ post-secondary career plans. METHODS: Investigators used a classification tree analysis with a sample of 236 caregivers of autistic individuals or the individuals themselves, who completed an online survey. RESULTS: The analysis identified critical factors in predicting successful employment for respondents 21 years and under and those over 21 years old. These factors included: difficulties in the job search process, challenges with relationships at work, resources used, job maintenance, motivation to work, and the application process. CONCLUSION: These findings represent the first use of machine learning to identify pivotal points on the path to employment for autistic individuals. This information will better prepare school-based professionals and other stakeholders to support their students in attaining and maintaining employment, a critical aspect of achieving fulfillment and independence. Future research should consider the perspectives of other stakeholders, including employers, and apply the findings to the development of interventions.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"1006 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77161763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia often experience major limitations in returning to work despite participating in rehabilitation programs. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether individuals who were diagnosed with schizophrenia experienced improved return to work rates, quality of life and self-efficacy beliefs after participating in an intervention program that utilizes the Model of Occupational Self-Efficacy (MOOSE). METHOD: Nine (n = 9) individuals who were diagnosed with schizophrenia participated in the study. The research study specifically utilized a pre- and post-intervention research design. In order to gather data from the participants, the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire and Self-Efficacy Questionnaires were used to determine whether the individual living with schizophrenia’s quality of life and self-efficacy beliefs improved after participating in a vocational rehabilitation program. RESULTS: All participants in this study presented with an improvement in Return-to-Work Rates, Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Quality of Life scores. The results of the study revealed a 100% return to work rate, a statistically significant effect of the intervention (i.e., MOOSE) on Self-Efficacy beliefs, measured using the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, F(1, 8) = 6.606, p = 0.03.*. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicated that MOOSE is a useful model to facilitate the return to work of individuals living with schizophrenia. It is also suggested that cognitive rehabilitative activities, life skills and work skills training in a real work environment be included as part of the vocational rehabilitation program.
背景:被诊断为精神分裂症的个体尽管参加了康复计划，但在重返工作岗位时往往遇到很大的限制。目的:本研究的目的是确定被诊断为精神分裂症的个体在参与利用职业自我效能模型(MOOSE)的干预计划后，是否能改善重返工作岗位的率、生活质量和自我效能感信念。方法:9名(n = 9)被诊断为精神分裂症的个体参与了这项研究。本研究特别采用了干预前和干预后的研究设计。为了收集参与者的数据，我们使用了WHO生活质量问卷和自我效能感问卷来确定精神分裂症患者在参加职业康复计划后是否改善了生活质量和自我效能感信念。结果:本研究的所有参与者在重返工作率、自我效能信念和生活质量得分方面均有改善。研究结果显示，干预(即MOOSE)对自我效能感信念的影响为100%，具有统计学意义，F(1,8) = 6.606, p = 0.03.*。结论:本研究结果表明，MOOSE是促进精神分裂症患者重返工作岗位的有用模型。还建议将认知康复活动、生活技能和实际工作环境中的工作技能培训作为职业康复方案的一部分。
{"title":"The effectiveness of the model of occupational self-efficacy in improving the quality of life and self-efficacy beliefs in individuals living with schizophrenia: A pre- and post-intervention pilot study","authors":"M. Soeker, Iesrafeel Abbas, F. Karachi","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230039","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia often experience major limitations in returning to work despite participating in rehabilitation programs. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether individuals who were diagnosed with schizophrenia experienced improved return to work rates, quality of life and self-efficacy beliefs after participating in an intervention program that utilizes the Model of Occupational Self-Efficacy (MOOSE). METHOD: Nine (n = 9) individuals who were diagnosed with schizophrenia participated in the study. The research study specifically utilized a pre- and post-intervention research design. In order to gather data from the participants, the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire and Self-Efficacy Questionnaires were used to determine whether the individual living with schizophrenia’s quality of life and self-efficacy beliefs improved after participating in a vocational rehabilitation program. RESULTS: All participants in this study presented with an improvement in Return-to-Work Rates, Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Quality of Life scores. The results of the study revealed a 100% return to work rate, a statistically significant effect of the intervention (i.e., MOOSE) on Self-Efficacy beliefs, measured using the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, F(1, 8) = 6.606, p = 0.03.*. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicated that MOOSE is a useful model to facilitate the return to work of individuals living with schizophrenia. It is also suggested that cognitive rehabilitative activities, life skills and work skills training in a real work environment be included as part of the vocational rehabilitation program.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79923233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Job seekers must know how to determine whether the jobs identified during a search are a good fit. Employment decision making requires problem-solving and choice-making skills. There is limited research on employment decision making skills. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to teach three young adults with dually diagnosed visual impairment and intellectual/developmental disability to determine appropriate job fit. The mnemonic “ELSE” was paired with remote audio coaching to teach the participants how to determine if the education level, likes, skills, and earnings of each presented job were an appropriate fit for them. METHODS: This study used a single subject design to determine the effectiveness of the multicomponent intervention. The design was a multiple baseline across participant design. RESULTS: The results demonstrated all three participants were able to reach a pre-determined mastery criterion of the skill. Maintenance and generalization were variable across participants. CONCLUSIONS: All participants who received the intervention increased their ability to determine appropriate job fit. The results from this study are promising and demonstrate the potential and flexibility of the mnemonic ELSE on determining appropriate job fit by young adults with VI and IDD.
{"title":"Teaching young adults with visual impairment and intellectual/developmental disability how to determine appropriate job fit","authors":"Kelly B. Kearney, Ayse Torres, Saurym Quezada","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230038","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Job seekers must know how to determine whether the jobs identified during a search are a good fit. Employment decision making requires problem-solving and choice-making skills. There is limited research on employment decision making skills. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to teach three young adults with dually diagnosed visual impairment and intellectual/developmental disability to determine appropriate job fit. The mnemonic “ELSE” was paired with remote audio coaching to teach the participants how to determine if the education level, likes, skills, and earnings of each presented job were an appropriate fit for them. METHODS: This study used a single subject design to determine the effectiveness of the multicomponent intervention. The design was a multiple baseline across participant design. RESULTS: The results demonstrated all three participants were able to reach a pre-determined mastery criterion of the skill. Maintenance and generalization were variable across participants. CONCLUSIONS: All participants who received the intervention increased their ability to determine appropriate job fit. The results from this study are promising and demonstrate the potential and flexibility of the mnemonic ELSE on determining appropriate job fit by young adults with VI and IDD.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81457408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephanie Petty, Niamh Eccles, Lid Tunstall, Hannah Richardson
BACKGROUND: Employment prospects are poor for autistic adults, despite their abilities and desire to work. OBJECTIVE: In this study, autistic and non-autistic employees gave shortlists of positive contributions of autistic employees, workplace difficulties and any adjustments being made to support autistic employees in the United Kingdom, UK. This aimed to provide routine and achievable good practice examples. METHOD: An online questionnaire was completed by 98 employees, mostly from the education sector. Freelisting methodology was implemented, which is a qualitative interviewing and data analysis technique whereby participants give their answers to survey questions as lists, to identify priority answers for a particular group. RESULTS: Consensus analysis showed that workplaces agreed on ways that autistic employees contribute positively to the workplace, including approaching workplace tasks from a different angle, attention to detail and contributing innovative and creative thinking. The main difficulties for autistic employees were noise and communication differences relative to non-autistic peers. Despite agreed difficulties and positive contributions, autistic and non-autistic employees reported usual practice in their workplaces as there being no reasonable adjustments made. CONCLUSION: Findings show the need for investment into inclusive and supportive workplaces, and call for further research into good employment practices as identified by autistic employees.
{"title":"Shortlists of workplace support for autistic employees: A freelisting study in the UK","authors":"Stephanie Petty, Niamh Eccles, Lid Tunstall, Hannah Richardson","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230040","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Employment prospects are poor for autistic adults, despite their abilities and desire to work. OBJECTIVE: In this study, autistic and non-autistic employees gave shortlists of positive contributions of autistic employees, workplace difficulties and any adjustments being made to support autistic employees in the United Kingdom, UK. This aimed to provide routine and achievable good practice examples. METHOD: An online questionnaire was completed by 98 employees, mostly from the education sector. Freelisting methodology was implemented, which is a qualitative interviewing and data analysis technique whereby participants give their answers to survey questions as lists, to identify priority answers for a particular group. RESULTS: Consensus analysis showed that workplaces agreed on ways that autistic employees contribute positively to the workplace, including approaching workplace tasks from a different angle, attention to detail and contributing innovative and creative thinking. The main difficulties for autistic employees were noise and communication differences relative to non-autistic peers. Despite agreed difficulties and positive contributions, autistic and non-autistic employees reported usual practice in their workplaces as there being no reasonable adjustments made. CONCLUSION: Findings show the need for investment into inclusive and supportive workplaces, and call for further research into good employment practices as identified by autistic employees.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88459531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: There are still a lot of countries that do not provide employment opportunities to people with intellectual disability (ID). Ten years after the UN passed the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, it is important to review existing studies on the employment of individuals with intellectual disabilities. OBJECTIVE: In this study, researchers reviewed studies that examined the employment of people with intellectual disability. METHOD: A thorough search of various bibliographic databases identified 1005 academic papers. Ten studies on the employment of persons with intellectual disabilities met the criteria for in-depth analysis. RESULTS: Employment is vital for individuals with intellectual disability, but predetermined employment options and parent-related factors may limit their access to the labour market. Efforts must be made to ensure a seamless progression from school to work. Lack of support makes bridging the gap between individual capacity and societal demands challenging. For people with intellectual disability to increase employment opportunities, stakeholders must work together. CONCLUSION: An intervention to support and follow up on older employees with intellectual disability will be greatly appreciated.
{"title":"Studies related to employment of persons with intellectual disability: A systematic review","authors":"U. Jacob, Jace Pillay","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230035","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: There are still a lot of countries that do not provide employment opportunities to people with intellectual disability (ID). Ten years after the UN passed the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, it is important to review existing studies on the employment of individuals with intellectual disabilities. OBJECTIVE: In this study, researchers reviewed studies that examined the employment of people with intellectual disability. METHOD: A thorough search of various bibliographic databases identified 1005 academic papers. Ten studies on the employment of persons with intellectual disabilities met the criteria for in-depth analysis. RESULTS: Employment is vital for individuals with intellectual disability, but predetermined employment options and parent-related factors may limit their access to the labour market. Efforts must be made to ensure a seamless progression from school to work. Lack of support makes bridging the gap between individual capacity and societal demands challenging. For people with intellectual disability to increase employment opportunities, stakeholders must work together. CONCLUSION: An intervention to support and follow up on older employees with intellectual disability will be greatly appreciated.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85924333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saeideh Shahin, Mallory Ryan, Briano DiRezze, Sara Ahmed, D. Anaby
BACKGROUND: Assessing workplace participation of people with disability using measures that can inform practice is vital. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the utility of the Youth and Young-adult Participation and Environment Measure’s (Y-PEM) Workplace Participation domain. METHOD: Four focus groups were conducted with 11 stakeholders from different employment-related settings. Open-ended questions regarding Y-PEM’s interpretation, meaning and relevance, drawing on elements of clinical utility, were used. Data were analyzed by two investigators using inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS: Stakeholders’ experience in providing/receiving employment services varied (1– 16 years). Three themes emerged. The Y-PEM captures multiple factors in employment transition; it generates insights and sparks conversations to better appreciate and support individuals’ transitioning to employment. Y-PEM meets the need for tools to guide services of transitioning to employment as it is comprehensive in assessing participation and the environment, can provide a “snapshot” of where the young person is at in their transition, and serves different purposes. The tool provides a “piece of the pie” within this complex process and could be used in conjunction with other tools. CONCLUSION: Y-PEM was perceived as essential, comprehensive, and appropriate for use in clinical and employment-related service contexts to inform practice, and guide stakeholders’ decision-making in facilitating transitioning to employment.
{"title":"Utility of the workplace participation domain of the Youth and Young-adult Participation and Environment Measure (Y-PEM): Stakeholder’s perspectives","authors":"Saeideh Shahin, Mallory Ryan, Briano DiRezze, Sara Ahmed, D. Anaby","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230032","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Assessing workplace participation of people with disability using measures that can inform practice is vital. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the utility of the Youth and Young-adult Participation and Environment Measure’s (Y-PEM) Workplace Participation domain. METHOD: Four focus groups were conducted with 11 stakeholders from different employment-related settings. Open-ended questions regarding Y-PEM’s interpretation, meaning and relevance, drawing on elements of clinical utility, were used. Data were analyzed by two investigators using inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS: Stakeholders’ experience in providing/receiving employment services varied (1– 16 years). Three themes emerged. The Y-PEM captures multiple factors in employment transition; it generates insights and sparks conversations to better appreciate and support individuals’ transitioning to employment. Y-PEM meets the need for tools to guide services of transitioning to employment as it is comprehensive in assessing participation and the environment, can provide a “snapshot” of where the young person is at in their transition, and serves different purposes. The tool provides a “piece of the pie” within this complex process and could be used in conjunction with other tools. CONCLUSION: Y-PEM was perceived as essential, comprehensive, and appropriate for use in clinical and employment-related service contexts to inform practice, and guide stakeholders’ decision-making in facilitating transitioning to employment.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81271870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: State vocational rehabilitation (VR) agencies play a critical role in helping people with disabilities gain employment; however, self-employment remains an infrequent outcome for VR participants even though self-employment rates are disproportionately higher for people with disabilities than the general population. OBJECTIVE: The study provides a broad review and analysis of state VR self-employment policies to identify barriers that impede equitable access to self-employment services and provide recommendations on how to address these nationally. METHODS: The policy analysis included reviewing 73 VR state and territory agency’s policies across the country, using data from the RSA-911 self-employment data and other sources about the self-employment process through VR agencies. RESULTS: Currently less than 2% of VR participants exit into self-employment nationwide. Three policy areas that could increase outcomes for self-employment are self-employment assessments, market analysis or business planning requirements, and self-employment funding and financing guidelines. CONCLUSION: Policymakers need to explore new opportunities to address unintended barriers and increase equitable access to self-employment such as replacing trait focused self-employment assessments, providing technical assistance from the beginning of the self-employment process, and develop funding policies that better align with those for wage employment services.
{"title":"Understanding the provision of self-employment for people with disabilities in the State Vocational Rehabilitation Services Program: A policy review","authors":"Kathryn D. Hansen, Beth Keeton, J. Jones","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230025","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: State vocational rehabilitation (VR) agencies play a critical role in helping people with disabilities gain employment; however, self-employment remains an infrequent outcome for VR participants even though self-employment rates are disproportionately higher for people with disabilities than the general population. OBJECTIVE: The study provides a broad review and analysis of state VR self-employment policies to identify barriers that impede equitable access to self-employment services and provide recommendations on how to address these nationally. METHODS: The policy analysis included reviewing 73 VR state and territory agency’s policies across the country, using data from the RSA-911 self-employment data and other sources about the self-employment process through VR agencies. RESULTS: Currently less than 2% of VR participants exit into self-employment nationwide. Three policy areas that could increase outcomes for self-employment are self-employment assessments, market analysis or business planning requirements, and self-employment funding and financing guidelines. CONCLUSION: Policymakers need to explore new opportunities to address unintended barriers and increase equitable access to self-employment such as replacing trait focused self-employment assessments, providing technical assistance from the beginning of the self-employment process, and develop funding policies that better align with those for wage employment services.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90532457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Self-employment is defined in the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act of 2014 as a competitive integrated employment (CIE) outcome. However, an analysis of the Rehabilitation Services Administration Case Service Report (RSA-911) reveals that a limited number of people with disabilities receiving vocational rehabilitation services exit the State Vocational Rehabilitation Agencies with a self-employment outcome. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) professionals report as facilitators of self-employment outcomes for people with disabilities. METHOD: A national sample of VR professionals was recruited to participate in a series of focus groups. Using Zoom Meeting, participants discussed their experiences with self-employment when providing services to people with disabilities. The research team used NVivo12 software to conduct primary data analysis of the transcribed focus group sessions with the consent of the participants. RESULTS: Four major themes emerged from the analysis to include 1) resources, 2) practices, 3) experiences, and 4) attitudes. Each of these major themes contained subthemes related to facilitators of self-employment for people with disabilities. CONCLUSION: A key finding was the need for more comprehensive and individualized training and support for VR counselors. Implications for future research, policy, and practice are discussed.
{"title":"Facilitating self-employment as a competitive integrated employment outcome: Results of a focus group study with vocational rehabilitation professionals","authors":"Joshua P. Taylor, Katherine J. Inge, Emily Malouf","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230027","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Self-employment is defined in the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act of 2014 as a competitive integrated employment (CIE) outcome. However, an analysis of the Rehabilitation Services Administration Case Service Report (RSA-911) reveals that a limited number of people with disabilities receiving vocational rehabilitation services exit the State Vocational Rehabilitation Agencies with a self-employment outcome. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) professionals report as facilitators of self-employment outcomes for people with disabilities. METHOD: A national sample of VR professionals was recruited to participate in a series of focus groups. Using Zoom Meeting, participants discussed their experiences with self-employment when providing services to people with disabilities. The research team used NVivo12 software to conduct primary data analysis of the transcribed focus group sessions with the consent of the participants. RESULTS: Four major themes emerged from the analysis to include 1) resources, 2) practices, 3) experiences, and 4) attitudes. Each of these major themes contained subthemes related to facilitators of self-employment for people with disabilities. CONCLUSION: A key finding was the need for more comprehensive and individualized training and support for VR counselors. Implications for future research, policy, and practice are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90986964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brittney L. Goscicki, K. Sanderson, R. Urbano, R. Hodapp
BACKGROUND: Although parents and transition-aged students are critical stakeholders in Individualized Education Program (IEP) meetings, little is known about the extent to which both groups contribute during such meetings. OBJECTIVE: We examined the nature and extent of parent and student IEP meeting participation, similarities and differences in participation, and associated predictors for each group. METHODS: Responding to a national, web-based survey, 240 parents of transition-aged students (14– 21 years) completed a questionnaire related to their experiences at their child’s most recent IEP meeting. RESULTS: For both parents and students, participation items grouped into school- and transition-related input. Overall, parents participated more than students and both parties contributed more toward school-related versus transition-related topics. Predictors of parent involvement included sharing input about the student before the IEP meeting and reviewing data on the student’s past performance during the IEP meeting. Student involvement was predicted by students actively leading their meeting. CONCLUSION: We offer recommendations for research and practice for facilitating parents and transition-aged students to actively participate in IEP meetings.
{"title":"Parent and student participation in IEP meetings: Transition-aged students still overlooked","authors":"Brittney L. Goscicki, K. Sanderson, R. Urbano, R. Hodapp","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230030","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Although parents and transition-aged students are critical stakeholders in Individualized Education Program (IEP) meetings, little is known about the extent to which both groups contribute during such meetings. OBJECTIVE: We examined the nature and extent of parent and student IEP meeting participation, similarities and differences in participation, and associated predictors for each group. METHODS: Responding to a national, web-based survey, 240 parents of transition-aged students (14– 21 years) completed a questionnaire related to their experiences at their child’s most recent IEP meeting. RESULTS: For both parents and students, participation items grouped into school- and transition-related input. Overall, parents participated more than students and both parties contributed more toward school-related versus transition-related topics. Predictors of parent involvement included sharing input about the student before the IEP meeting and reviewing data on the student’s past performance during the IEP meeting. Student involvement was predicted by students actively leading their meeting. CONCLUSION: We offer recommendations for research and practice for facilitating parents and transition-aged students to actively participate in IEP meetings.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87081162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tim Riesen, Beth Keeton, Rachel N. Byers, Aubrey Snyder
BACKGROUND: The Rehabilitation Act references self-employment in its definition of competitive integrated employment (CIE) and description of vocational outcomes. The Act also references self-employment within its scope of services and stipulates that rehabilitation services include “technical assistance and other consultation services to conduct market analyses, develop business plans, and otherwise provide resources, to the extent those resources are authorized to be provided through the statewide workforce development system, to eligible individuals who are pursuing self-employment or telecommuting or establishing a small business operation as an employment outcome” 34 CFR 361.48(b)(19). OBJECTIVE: This policy review identifies and highlights specific SVRA policy regarding TA and consultation for self-employment. METHODS: Policies from all 50 states and the District of Columbia’s combined or general SVRAs and policies from 18 blind SVRAs were reviewed and coded into categories (no reference, generic, internal, and external references) to determine the types of TA and consultation for self-employment that are outlined in state policy. RESULTS: The majority of general or combined SVRAs (n = 38) have policies for self-employment technical assistance and consultation that are generic and the majority of blind SVRAs (n = 16) have generic policies for self-employment technical assistance and consultation. These rehabilitation agencies’ policies only reference generic services and do not identify dedicated resources designed to meet the intent and scope of rehabilitation services. CONCLUSION: SVRAs must make a concerted effort to ensure that self-employment policy is adequately aligned to account for necessary supports, activities, and interventions that lead to positive self-employment outcomes.
{"title":"An examination of vocational rehabilitation requirements for self-employment technical assistance and consultative services","authors":"Tim Riesen, Beth Keeton, Rachel N. Byers, Aubrey Snyder","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230029","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The Rehabilitation Act references self-employment in its definition of competitive integrated employment (CIE) and description of vocational outcomes. The Act also references self-employment within its scope of services and stipulates that rehabilitation services include “technical assistance and other consultation services to conduct market analyses, develop business plans, and otherwise provide resources, to the extent those resources are authorized to be provided through the statewide workforce development system, to eligible individuals who are pursuing self-employment or telecommuting or establishing a small business operation as an employment outcome” 34 CFR 361.48(b)(19). OBJECTIVE: This policy review identifies and highlights specific SVRA policy regarding TA and consultation for self-employment. METHODS: Policies from all 50 states and the District of Columbia’s combined or general SVRAs and policies from 18 blind SVRAs were reviewed and coded into categories (no reference, generic, internal, and external references) to determine the types of TA and consultation for self-employment that are outlined in state policy. RESULTS: The majority of general or combined SVRAs (n = 38) have policies for self-employment technical assistance and consultation that are generic and the majority of blind SVRAs (n = 16) have generic policies for self-employment technical assistance and consultation. These rehabilitation agencies’ policies only reference generic services and do not identify dedicated resources designed to meet the intent and scope of rehabilitation services. CONCLUSION: SVRAs must make a concerted effort to ensure that self-employment policy is adequately aligned to account for necessary supports, activities, and interventions that lead to positive self-employment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73201649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：