The employment rate in the United States fell dramatically in many industries during the COVID-19 pandemic—the childcare industry, in particular, was hit hard. In this article, we use data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Business Response Surveys and other BLS sources to examine employment, wages, telework, benefits, and the inner workings of the critical child daycare services industry before and during the pandemic and most importantly how the industry has managed since. Although the childcare industry’s wages are low and it has high labor turnover, our findings show that it is critical in supporting workers across all industries.
{"title":"Childcare employment—before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Kevin Cooksey, Emily Thomas","doi":"10.21916/mlr.2024.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2024.1","url":null,"abstract":"The employment rate in the United States fell dramatically in many industries during the COVID-19 pandemic—the childcare industry, in particular, was hit hard. In this article, we use data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Business Response Surveys and other BLS sources to examine employment, wages, telework, benefits, and the inner workings of the critical child daycare services industry before and during the pandemic and most importantly how the industry has managed since. Although the childcare industry’s wages are low and it has high labor turnover, our findings show that it is critical in supporting workers across all industries.","PeriodicalId":47215,"journal":{"name":"Monthly Labor Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of the PPI weight update on final-demand relative-importance values","authors":"Arthur Edouard","doi":"10.21916/mlr.2023.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2023.29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47215,"journal":{"name":"Monthly Labor Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138953742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonprofit organizations: using the BLS Business Register to measure employment, wages, and establishment size","authors":"Erik Friesenhahn","doi":"10.21916/mlr.2023.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2023.27","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47215,"journal":{"name":"Monthly Labor Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139234927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cindy Cunningham, Stephen Miller, Sabrina Pabilonia, Michael Sverchkov
{"title":"An improved estimate of self-employment hours for quarterly labor productivity","authors":"Cindy Cunningham, Stephen Miller, Sabrina Pabilonia, Michael Sverchkov","doi":"10.21916/mlr.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47215,"journal":{"name":"Monthly Labor Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136228560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, I examine the labor force characteristics of American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIANs) during the 2019–21 period by using data from the Current Population Survey (CPS). AIANs typically have a younger age profile, a higher unemployment rate, and a lower labor force participation rate than the overall U.S. population. In addition, the unemployment rate is higher for AIANs who live in an AIAN area—a federal or state American Indian reservation or off-reservation trust land, tribal statistical area, or Alaska Native village statistical area—than for AIANs who live elsewhere.
{"title":"A profile of American Indians and Alaska Natives in the U.S. labor force","authors":"Vernon Brundage Jr.","doi":"10.21916/mlr.2023.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2023.28","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I examine the labor force characteristics of American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIANs) during the 2019–21 period by using data from the Current Population Survey (CPS). AIANs typically have a younger age profile, a higher unemployment rate, and a lower labor force participation rate than the overall U.S. population. In addition, the unemployment rate is higher for AIANs who live in an AIAN area—a federal or state American Indian reservation or off-reservation trust land, tribal statistical area, or Alaska Native village statistical area—than for AIANs who live elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":47215,"journal":{"name":"Monthly Labor Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139269750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Employment and real output are projected to grow from 2022 to 2032. The total economy is projected to add about 4.7 million jobs during this decade, with employment reaching a level of 169.1 million in 2032. Most of the projected employment gains are concentrated in the healthcare and social assistance sector and the professional, scientific, and technical services sector. The retail trade and manufacturing sectors account for the bulk of the projected job losses from 2022 to 2032.
{"title":"Industry and occupational employment projections overview and highlights, 2022–32","authors":"Javier Colato, Lindsey Ice","doi":"10.21916/mlr.2023.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2023.24","url":null,"abstract":"Employment and real output are projected to grow from 2022 to 2032. The total economy is projected to add about 4.7 million jobs during this decade, with employment reaching a level of 169.1 million in 2032. Most of the projected employment gains are concentrated in the healthcare and social assistance sector and the professional, scientific, and technical services sector. The retail trade and manufacturing sectors account for the bulk of the projected job losses from 2022 to 2032.","PeriodicalId":47215,"journal":{"name":"Monthly Labor Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To understand the performance of the U.S. manufacturing sector, in this article, we explore the performance of individual industries. We first use the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics published data to look at the influence of industries on sector-level performance and total factor productivity (TFP) growth. The underlying dynamics of production in any given industry determine its influence on the sector as a whole. Both an industry’s share of output and its individual TFP growth vary over time, and these changes jointly determine the industry’s contribution to performance in the manufacturing sector. Next, we trace the contribution of industries to manufacturing sector TFP by using three alternative output concepts—value-added output, sectoral output, and gross output. We examine the differences in industry contributions that result from the use of the alternative output measures, over 2000–21 and three different business cycles (2000–07, 2007–19, and 2019–21). We show that one must carefully deliberate before selecting a value-added-output, sectoral-output, or gross-output framework for TFP and contribution analysis.
{"title":"Industry contributions to productivity growth in U.S. manufacturing: an application of alternative output concepts","authors":"Lucy P. Eldridge, Susan G. Powers","doi":"10.21916/mlr.2023.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2023.23","url":null,"abstract":"To understand the performance of the U.S. manufacturing sector, in this article, we explore the performance of individual industries. We first use the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics published data to look at the influence of industries on sector-level performance and total factor productivity (TFP) growth. The underlying dynamics of production in any given industry determine its influence on the sector as a whole. Both an industry’s share of output and its individual TFP growth vary over time, and these changes jointly determine the industry’s contribution to performance in the manufacturing sector. Next, we trace the contribution of industries to manufacturing sector TFP by using three alternative output concepts—value-added output, sectoral output, and gross output. We examine the differences in industry contributions that result from the use of the alternative output measures, over 2000–21 and three different business cycles (2000–07, 2007–19, and 2019–21). We show that one must carefully deliberate before selecting a value-added-output, sectoral-output, or gross-output framework for TFP and contribution analysis.","PeriodicalId":47215,"journal":{"name":"Monthly Labor Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135194134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The importance of output choice: implications for productivity measurement","authors":"Lucy Eldridge, Susan Powers","doi":"10.21916/mlr.2023.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2023.22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47215,"journal":{"name":"Monthly Labor Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135769640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Labor force and macroeconomic projections overview and highlights, 2022–32","authors":"Kevin S. Dubina","doi":"10.21916/mlr.2023.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2023.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47215,"journal":{"name":"Monthly Labor Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42492849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ç. Özdemir, Hakan Mete, Cihan Selek Öz, V. Ç. Arik
The COVID-19 pandemic, which began in 2020, significantly changed the dynamics of working life. To help capture these changing dynamics, we examined publications that the International Labour Organization published during this period. This article aims to determine what kind of discussions are made within the framework of these publications in the context of COVID-19 by period and region. Thus, we researched the most intense discussion themes and tried to discover the global agendas of the labor markets. Within the scope of this article, we downloaded, classified, and examined a total of 1,062 publications (reports, webinars, and bulletins) published between January 2020 and April 2021. As a result of the analysis, we saw that the themes of working hours, informal workers, vulnerable workers, decent work, social protection, remote working, skills development, social dialogue, and labor standards were dominant.
{"title":"Global labor market debates in the ILO publications in the COVID-19 era","authors":"M. Ç. Özdemir, Hakan Mete, Cihan Selek Öz, V. Ç. Arik","doi":"10.21916/mlr.2023.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2023.20","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic, which began in 2020, significantly changed the dynamics of working life. To help capture these changing dynamics, we examined publications that the International Labour Organization published during this period. This article aims to determine what kind of discussions are made within the framework of these publications in the context of COVID-19 by period and region. Thus, we researched the most intense discussion themes and tried to discover the global agendas of the labor markets. Within the scope of this article, we downloaded, classified, and examined a total of 1,062 publications (reports, webinars, and bulletins) published between January 2020 and April 2021. As a result of the analysis, we saw that the themes of working hours, informal workers, vulnerable workers, decent work, social protection, remote working, skills development, social dialogue, and labor standards were dominant.","PeriodicalId":47215,"journal":{"name":"Monthly Labor Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43487589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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