Pub Date : 1997-08-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962582
F. Babb
The 1990 elections in Nicaragua marked the loss of the Sandinistas to a coalition government that overturned many of the revolutionary changes of the last decade and introduced a series of neoliberal measures to return the country to a capitalist path. Despite the initial despair experienced by many Nicaraguans over that outcome and the economic crisis that followed, a number of political and cultural openings emerged to allow for independent social movements to grow in opposition to both the new government and to undemocratic practices on the left. Women have been central to these developments, as those most harshly affected by recent economic policies and as activists in newly organized movements. Based on research in Managua over a six‐year period, this essay considers these apparently contradictory tendencies and calls for an analysis that attends to both political economy and cultural politics.
{"title":"Negotiating spaces: Gender, economy, and cultural politics in Post‐Sandinista Nicaragua","authors":"F. Babb","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962582","url":null,"abstract":"The 1990 elections in Nicaragua marked the loss of the Sandinistas to a coalition government that overturned many of the revolutionary changes of the last decade and introduced a series of neoliberal measures to return the country to a capitalist path. Despite the initial despair experienced by many Nicaraguans over that outcome and the economic crisis that followed, a number of political and cultural openings emerged to allow for independent social movements to grow in opposition to both the new government and to undemocratic practices on the left. Women have been central to these developments, as those most harshly affected by recent economic policies and as activists in newly organized movements. Based on research in Managua over a six‐year period, this essay considers these apparently contradictory tendencies and calls for an analysis that attends to both political economy and cultural politics.","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1997-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86972913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-05-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962577
J. Streicker
As Cartagena, Colombia becomes more enmeshed in transnational cultural and economic circuits, a discourse of Caribbean identity has emerged. Elites promote this identity as part of their effort to attract foreign tourism and intensify the city's involvement in the international market. The discourse also helps mask racial discrimination, renders blackness nearly invisible, and attempts to “domesticate” blacks for service in the tourist industry. Thus, emphasizing a hybrid Caribbean identity forms part of a strategy of domination. At the same time, some middle‐class intellectuals and sectors of the popular class have appropriated this discourse to engage in cultural politics. However, the liberatory impact of these (potentially) oppositional visions is limited by the political, economic, and military power of the state and the dominant classes. This case study of the discourse of hybrid Caribbean identity in Cartagena serves as a critique of postmodern thinking that celebrates hybrid identities and the lib...
{"title":"Remaking race, class, and region in a tourist town","authors":"J. Streicker","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962577","url":null,"abstract":"As Cartagena, Colombia becomes more enmeshed in transnational cultural and economic circuits, a discourse of Caribbean identity has emerged. Elites promote this identity as part of their effort to attract foreign tourism and intensify the city's involvement in the international market. The discourse also helps mask racial discrimination, renders blackness nearly invisible, and attempts to “domesticate” blacks for service in the tourist industry. Thus, emphasizing a hybrid Caribbean identity forms part of a strategy of domination. At the same time, some middle‐class intellectuals and sectors of the popular class have appropriated this discourse to engage in cultural politics. However, the liberatory impact of these (potentially) oppositional visions is limited by the political, economic, and military power of the state and the dominant classes. This case study of the discourse of hybrid Caribbean identity in Cartagena serves as a critique of postmodern thinking that celebrates hybrid identities and the lib...","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76653429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-05-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962578
H. E. Page
By creating a vision of African American progress and success, Songs of My People,1 produced by African American editors, masks for its mass audience the organized agency of white racism. The legitimation of a positive dominant racial narrative embedded in “black” images is the aim of this successful act of “black” cultural projection. The published catalogue and exhibition succeeded because of the images’ broad popular appeal to both African Americans who were relieved to be recognized as artists and art subjects, and to a mainly European American mainstream audience relieved to see African Americans portrayed as non‐threatening to whiteness. Time Warner's sponsorship of Songs of My People was implemented by a professional African American cultural agent whose job it was to provide the funding and infrastructural interface between corporate elites, African American artists, and mass markets for “black” commodities. With the resources made available, that cultural agent transformed the simple project of p...
{"title":"“Black” images, African American identities: Corporate cultural projection in the “songs of my people”","authors":"H. E. Page","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962578","url":null,"abstract":"By creating a vision of African American progress and success, Songs of My People,1 produced by African American editors, masks for its mass audience the organized agency of white racism. The legitimation of a positive dominant racial narrative embedded in “black” images is the aim of this successful act of “black” cultural projection. The published catalogue and exhibition succeeded because of the images’ broad popular appeal to both African Americans who were relieved to be recognized as artists and art subjects, and to a mainly European American mainstream audience relieved to see African Americans portrayed as non‐threatening to whiteness. Time Warner's sponsorship of Songs of My People was implemented by a professional African American cultural agent whose job it was to provide the funding and infrastructural interface between corporate elites, African American artists, and mass markets for “black” commodities. With the resources made available, that cultural agent transformed the simple project of p...","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78806299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-05-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962575
L. Sansone
Focusing on the metropolitan area of Salvador, the capital of the state of Bahia, the Brazilian state with the highest percentage of blacks in the population, this paper describes change in colour terminology, the development of a new black Baian culture and the way in which new international black symbols and youth culture in general are merged with the Afro‐Baian tradition. Our focus is on young people. Change in black‐Baian culture and, or as much of the Brazilian mass media phrase it, the “re‐Africanisation” of Bahia show international and internationalizing tendencies, but continue to call our attention to many of the specificities of Brazilian life. The Baian case shows that a new usage of black symbols need not be associated automatically with an increase in racial polarization along Northern American or Northwestern European lines.
{"title":"The new blacks from Bahia: Local and global in Afro‐Bahia","authors":"L. Sansone","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962575","url":null,"abstract":"Focusing on the metropolitan area of Salvador, the capital of the state of Bahia, the Brazilian state with the highest percentage of blacks in the population, this paper describes change in colour terminology, the development of a new black Baian culture and the way in which new international black symbols and youth culture in general are merged with the Afro‐Baian tradition. Our focus is on young people. Change in black‐Baian culture and, or as much of the Brazilian mass media phrase it, the “re‐Africanisation” of Bahia show international and internationalizing tendencies, but continue to call our attention to many of the specificities of Brazilian life. The Baian case shows that a new usage of black symbols need not be associated automatically with an increase in racial polarization along Northern American or Northwestern European lines.","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81233655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-05-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962576
C. A. Smith
Mestizaje, a significant process of identity formation in Latin America based on presumed race mixture, rests on certain sustaining ideologies about race, class, gender, and sexuality that are specific to Latin America. This essay attempts a preliminary discussion of how mestizaje has affected marriage and gender relations in several Latin American regions as the marital/kinship pattern, together with its sustaining ideologies, changed over time. Questions are asked about differences in beliefs held by different kinds of individuals (mestizos and “whites,” lower classes and elites, women and men) about mestizaje and the sexual and/or kinship relations appropriate between different races and classes. Examination of a few well documented historical cases suggests that what lower‐class mestizos believe about race, class, gender, and sexuality involves resistance to as well as acceptance of elite beliefs about them. It appears that there are also significant differences in beliefs held by mestizo women and me...
{"title":"The symbolics of blood: Mestizaje in the Americas","authors":"C. A. Smith","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962576","url":null,"abstract":"Mestizaje, a significant process of identity formation in Latin America based on presumed race mixture, rests on certain sustaining ideologies about race, class, gender, and sexuality that are specific to Latin America. This essay attempts a preliminary discussion of how mestizaje has affected marriage and gender relations in several Latin American regions as the marital/kinship pattern, together with its sustaining ideologies, changed over time. Questions are asked about differences in beliefs held by different kinds of individuals (mestizos and “whites,” lower classes and elites, women and men) about mestizaje and the sexual and/or kinship relations appropriate between different races and classes. Examination of a few well documented historical cases suggests that what lower‐class mestizos believe about race, class, gender, and sexuality involves resistance to as well as acceptance of elite beliefs about them. It appears that there are also significant differences in beliefs held by mestizo women and me...","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89494898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-05-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962574
N. Schiller
{"title":"The place of race","authors":"N. Schiller","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962574","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1997-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85192039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962568
Dimitra Doukas
The normative understanding that corporate capitalism in the US “grew” naturally from the small enterprises of the nineteenth century erases decades of impassioned social protest against it. This paper looks at a major episode of this protest, a series of public hearings convened by the state when a strike of anthracite coal miners provoked public demands for nationalization of the mines and railroads that comprised “the coal trust.” At these hearings the miners and their allies argued the “traditional” US national ideology in which both great wealth and a propertyless proletariat were believed to endanger the stability and prosperity of the republic. The trust, defending its disruption of the customary arrangements of mine work, countered with social Darwinism. I argue that the trusts, the incipient form of US Corporate capitalism, wrought a sudden and unwelcome revolution in social relations of production that ultimately transfigured US national ideology.
{"title":"Corporate capitalism on trial: The hearings of the anthracite coal strike commission, 1902–1903","authors":"Dimitra Doukas","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962568","url":null,"abstract":"The normative understanding that corporate capitalism in the US “grew” naturally from the small enterprises of the nineteenth century erases decades of impassioned social protest against it. This paper looks at a major episode of this protest, a series of public hearings convened by the state when a strike of anthracite coal miners provoked public demands for nationalization of the mines and railroads that comprised “the coal trust.” At these hearings the miners and their allies argued the “traditional” US national ideology in which both great wealth and a propertyless proletariat were believed to endanger the stability and prosperity of the republic. The trust, defending its disruption of the customary arrangements of mine work, countered with social Darwinism. I argue that the trusts, the incipient form of US Corporate capitalism, wrought a sudden and unwelcome revolution in social relations of production that ultimately transfigured US national ideology.","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86976557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962570
Michael L. Blim
{"title":"Bringing class back into a changing capitalist world economy","authors":"Michael L. Blim","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962570","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79890098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962567
Aihwa Ong
This essay discusses how Chinese culture is variously reified and deployed in two competing discursive systems: the modernist imaginary of the nation‐state ‐ emphasizing essentialism, territoriality, and fixity‐in tension with the modernist imagining of entre‐prenurial capitalism ‐ celebrating hybridity, deterritorialization, and fluidity. These alternative visions of modernity are to a large extent conditioned by geopolitics and the dynamism of global capitalism in the Asia‐Pacific. Regimes in China and Singapore have deployed “Confucian” values in attempts to discipline their societies against the lures of transnational capitalism based on fraternal Chinese networks ("Greater China"). Both visions of Chinese modernitites depend on self‐orientalizing strategies that critique “Western” values like individualism and human rights. These narratives intersect with voices claiming an “Asian renaissance” and “the Asian Way” in global capitalism, thus constituting a counter‐hegemony to American domination of the...
{"title":"‘A momentary glow of fraternity’: Narratives of Chinese nationalism and capitalism","authors":"Aihwa Ong","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962567","url":null,"abstract":"This essay discusses how Chinese culture is variously reified and deployed in two competing discursive systems: the modernist imaginary of the nation‐state ‐ emphasizing essentialism, territoriality, and fixity‐in tension with the modernist imagining of entre‐prenurial capitalism ‐ celebrating hybridity, deterritorialization, and fluidity. These alternative visions of modernity are to a large extent conditioned by geopolitics and the dynamism of global capitalism in the Asia‐Pacific. Regimes in China and Singapore have deployed “Confucian” values in attempts to discipline their societies against the lures of transnational capitalism based on fraternal Chinese networks (\"Greater China\"). Both visions of Chinese modernitites depend on self‐orientalizing strategies that critique “Western” values like individualism and human rights. These narratives intersect with voices claiming an “Asian renaissance” and “the Asian Way” in global capitalism, thus constituting a counter‐hegemony to American domination of the...","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87009031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962581
M. Weismantel
This paper challenges the commonly‐held view that race is relatively unimportant in the Andes, as elsewhere in Latin America. The terrifying white man known as the nakaq, a ubiquitous figure in Andean folklore, points to the constant presence of racial fear and hatred within rural indigenous societies, as well as in urban zones. Analysis of the nakaq as an indigenous representation of racial violence does not displace class and nation, gender and sexuality as foci of inquiry, but rather reveals the articulation of all of these within race itself. Further, the frequent identification of anthropologists as nakaqs speaks to specific anthropological practices that reinforce the destructive relationship between Indian and white, despite ethnography's potential as an anti‐racist discourse.
{"title":"White cannibals: Fantasies of racial violence in the Andes","authors":"M. Weismantel","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1997.9962581","url":null,"abstract":"This paper challenges the commonly‐held view that race is relatively unimportant in the Andes, as elsewhere in Latin America. The terrifying white man known as the nakaq, a ubiquitous figure in Andean folklore, points to the constant presence of racial fear and hatred within rural indigenous societies, as well as in urban zones. Analysis of the nakaq as an indigenous representation of racial violence does not displace class and nation, gender and sexuality as foci of inquiry, but rather reveals the articulation of all of these within race itself. Further, the frequent identification of anthropologists as nakaqs speaks to specific anthropological practices that reinforce the destructive relationship between Indian and white, despite ethnography's potential as an anti‐racist discourse.","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81289412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：