Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/A000448
John C. Blanchar, Michael Alonzo, Christine Ayoh, Kali Blain, Leslie Espinoza, Marcos Estrada, Jared Gillen, Atziri Marquez, Joanne Miao, Victoria Overbeck, Camryn Slosky, S. Srivatsan, E. Talley, Justin Tucker
Abstract. Stern, West, and Schmitt (2014) reported that liberals display truly false uniqueness in contrast to moderates and conservatives who display truly false consensus. We conducted a close, p...
摘要Stern, West, and Schmitt(2014)报告说，自由主义者表现出真正的虚假独特性，而温和派和保守派则表现出真正的虚假共识。我们进行了一次亲密接触，p…
{"title":"A Replication of Stern, West, and Schmitt (2014) Indicates Less False Consensus Among Liberals Than Conservatives, But No False Uniqueness","authors":"John C. Blanchar, Michael Alonzo, Christine Ayoh, Kali Blain, Leslie Espinoza, Marcos Estrada, Jared Gillen, Atziri Marquez, Joanne Miao, Victoria Overbeck, Camryn Slosky, S. Srivatsan, E. Talley, Justin Tucker","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/A000448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/A000448","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Stern, West, and Schmitt (2014) reported that liberals display truly false uniqueness in contrast to moderates and conservatives who display truly false consensus. We conducted a close, p...","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":"30 1","pages":"197-202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80948262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-01DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000444
K. West, Martha Lucia Borras-Guevara, T. Morton, K. Greenland
Abstract. Previous research demonstrates that membership of majority groups is often perceived as more fragile than membership of minority groups. Four studies ( N1 = 90, N2 = 247, N3 = 500, N4 = 1,176) investigated whether this was the case for heterosexual identity, relative to gay identity. Support for fragile heterosexuality was found using various methods: sexual orientation perceptions of a target who engaged in incongruent behavior, free-responses concerning behaviors required to change someone’s mind about a target’s sexual orientation, agreement with statements about men/women’s sexual orientation, and agreement with gender-neutral statements about sexual orientation. Neither participant nor target gender eliminated or reversed this effect. Additionally, we investigated multiple explanations (moderators) of the perceived difference in fragility between heterosexual identity and gay identity and found that higher estimates of the gay/lesbian population decreased the difference between the (higher) perceived fragility of heterosexual identity and the (lower) perceived fragility of gay identity.
{"title":"Fragile Heterosexuality","authors":"K. West, Martha Lucia Borras-Guevara, T. Morton, K. Greenland","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/a000444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000444","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Previous research demonstrates that membership of majority groups is often perceived as more fragile than membership of minority groups. Four studies ( N1 = 90, N2 = 247, N3 = 500, N4 = 1,176) investigated whether this was the case for heterosexual identity, relative to gay identity. Support for fragile heterosexuality was found using various methods: sexual orientation perceptions of a target who engaged in incongruent behavior, free-responses concerning behaviors required to change someone’s mind about a target’s sexual orientation, agreement with statements about men/women’s sexual orientation, and agreement with gender-neutral statements about sexual orientation. Neither participant nor target gender eliminated or reversed this effect. Additionally, we investigated multiple explanations (moderators) of the perceived difference in fragility between heterosexual identity and gay identity and found that higher estimates of the gay/lesbian population decreased the difference between the (higher) perceived fragility of heterosexual identity and the (lower) perceived fragility of gay identity.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":"134 1","pages":"143-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77393934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. The approach-aversion effect refers to a devaluation of approaching (vs. static) stimuli and is attributable to the fact that being approached is threatening. However, the explanation and the generalizability of this effect still remain unclear. To fill this gap, we provide a powerful test of the approach-aversion effect using Virtual Reality. Participants evaluated approaching and static virtual individuals for which we manipulated the threatening nature via their emotional facial expressions (Experiment 1), their group membership (Experiment 2), and the agency of their movements (Experiment 3). The results suggest a general approach-aversion effect which is attenuated when the self (vs. the target) initiates the movement. We thus bring convergent evidence that being approached is threatening.
{"title":"Hold It Right There!","authors":"Ivane Nuel, Marie-Pierre Fayant, Theodore Alexopoulos","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/A000445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/A000445","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The approach-aversion effect refers to a devaluation of approaching (vs. static) stimuli and is attributable to the fact that being approached is threatening. However, the explanation and the generalizability of this effect still remain unclear. To fill this gap, we provide a powerful test of the approach-aversion effect using Virtual Reality. Participants evaluated approaching and static virtual individuals for which we manipulated the threatening nature via their emotional facial expressions (Experiment 1), their group membership (Experiment 2), and the agency of their movements (Experiment 3). The results suggest a general approach-aversion effect which is attenuated when the self (vs. the target) initiates the movement. We thus bring convergent evidence that being approached is threatening.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87251309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-25DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/A000443
C. Gaubert, E. Louvet
Abstract. The main purpose of the present research was to examine the moderating effect of system-justifying beliefs on the relationship between a target’s hierarchical position in an organizationa...
摘要本研究的主要目的是考察制度辩护信念对目标在组织中的等级地位与社会行为之间关系的调节作用。
{"title":"Wealth, Power, Status","authors":"C. Gaubert, E. Louvet","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/A000443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/A000443","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The main purpose of the present research was to examine the moderating effect of system-justifying beliefs on the relationship between a target’s hierarchical position in an organizationa...","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":"69 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75645395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000434
A. Dorrough, A. Glöckner
Abstract. Previous results on the prosociality of men and women in social dilemmas are mixed. Studies find more prosocial behavior for men and women; and a meta-analysis (Balliet et al., 2011) repo...
摘要以往关于男性和女性在社会困境中的亲社会性的研究结果是混杂的。研究发现，男性和女性的亲社会行为更多;和一项荟萃分析(Balliet et al.， 2011)。
{"title":"Sex Differences Concerning Prosocial Behavior in Social Dilemmas Are (Partially) Mediated by Risk Preferences But Not Social Preferences","authors":"A. Dorrough, A. Glöckner","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/a000434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000434","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Previous results on the prosociality of men and women in social dilemmas are mixed. Studies find more prosocial behavior for men and women; and a meta-analysis (Balliet et al., 2011) repo...","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"61-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76223023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/A000435
M. Formanowicz, Agnieszka Pietraszkiewicz, J. Roessel, Caterina Suitner, M. Witkowska, A. Maass
Abstract. Verbs may be attributed to higher agency than other grammatical categories. In Study 1, we confirmed this hypothesis with archival datasets comprising verbs ( N = 950) and adjectives ( N = 2115). We then investigated whether verbs (vs. adjectives) increase message effectiveness. In three experiments presenting potential NGOs (Studies 2 and 3) or corporate campaigns (Study 4) in verb or adjective form, we demonstrate the hypothesized relationship. Across studies, (overall N = 721) grammatical agency consistently increased message effectiveness. Semantic agency varied across contexts by either increasing (Study 2), not affecting (Study 3), or decreasing (Study 4) the effectiveness of the message. Overall, experiments provide insights in to the meta-semantic effects of verbs – demonstrating how grammar may influence communication outcomes.
{"title":"“Make it Happen!”","authors":"M. Formanowicz, Agnieszka Pietraszkiewicz, J. Roessel, Caterina Suitner, M. Witkowska, A. Maass","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/A000435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/A000435","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Verbs may be attributed to higher agency than other grammatical categories. In Study 1, we confirmed this hypothesis with archival datasets comprising verbs ( N = 950) and adjectives ( N = 2115). We then investigated whether verbs (vs. adjectives) increase message effectiveness. In three experiments presenting potential NGOs (Studies 2 and 3) or corporate campaigns (Study 4) in verb or adjective form, we demonstrate the hypothesized relationship. Across studies, (overall N = 721) grammatical agency consistently increased message effectiveness. Semantic agency varied across contexts by either increasing (Study 2), not affecting (Study 3), or decreasing (Study 4) the effectiveness of the message. Overall, experiments provide insights in to the meta-semantic effects of verbs – demonstrating how grammar may influence communication outcomes.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83533554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-25DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/A000442
Yufeng Zhang, Mo Luan, Hong Li, Yiling Ren
Abstract. In the present research, we documented a novel but largely ignored the effect of intuition versus deliberation on individuals’ preferences between desirability and feasibility. Our findin...
{"title":"Intuition Versus Deliberation","authors":"Yufeng Zhang, Mo Luan, Hong Li, Yiling Ren","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/A000442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/A000442","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In the present research, we documented a novel but largely ignored the effect of intuition versus deliberation on individuals’ preferences between desirability and feasibility. Our findin...","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":"29 1","pages":"114-124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74345396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-25DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/A000441
B. Krahé, Andrea Uhlmann, Meike Herzberg
Abstract. Two experiments examined the impact of voice pitch on gender stereotyping. Participants listened to a text read by a female (Study 1; N = 171) or male (Study 2, N = 151) speaker, whose voice pitch was manipulated to be high or low. They rated the speaker on positive and negative facets of masculinity and femininity, competence, and likability. They also indicated their own gendered self-concept. High pitch was associated with the ascription of more feminine traits and greater likability. The high-pitch female speaker was rated as less competent, and the high-pitch male speaker was perceived as less masculine. Text content and participants’ gendered self-concept did not moderate the pitch effect. The findings underline the importance of voice pitch for impression formation.
{"title":"The Voice Gives It Away","authors":"B. Krahé, Andrea Uhlmann, Meike Herzberg","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/A000441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/A000441","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Two experiments examined the impact of voice pitch on gender stereotyping. Participants listened to a text read by a female (Study 1; N = 171) or male (Study 2, N = 151) speaker, whose voice pitch was manipulated to be high or low. They rated the speaker on positive and negative facets of masculinity and femininity, competence, and likability. They also indicated their own gendered self-concept. High pitch was associated with the ascription of more feminine traits and greater likability. The high-pitch female speaker was rated as less competent, and the high-pitch male speaker was perceived as less masculine. Text content and participants’ gendered self-concept did not moderate the pitch effect. The findings underline the importance of voice pitch for impression formation.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79012079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-16DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/A000438
R. Servidio, Isabella Giammusso, S. Boca, Alberto Mirisola
Abstract. This study explored the relationship between the ability to talk to others in more than one language and ethnic prejudice, considering the quality and quantity of intergroup contact. A st...
{"title":"Multilingualism and Ethnic Prejudice","authors":"R. Servidio, Isabella Giammusso, S. Boca, Alberto Mirisola","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/A000438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/A000438","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study explored the relationship between the ability to talk to others in more than one language and ethnic prejudice, considering the quality and quantity of intergroup contact. A st...","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":"231 1","pages":"90-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73505270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-16DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/A000439
Pınar Uğurlar, Ann‐Christin Posten, Michael K. Zürn
Abstract. We hypothesized that self-other confusion as a result of interpersonal closeness impairs people’s memory of their own decisions. Four studies (min N = 352) tested whether closeness affect...
{"title":"Interpersonal Closeness Impairs Decision Memory","authors":"Pınar Uğurlar, Ann‐Christin Posten, Michael K. Zürn","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/A000439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/A000439","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. We hypothesized that self-other confusion as a result of interpersonal closeness impairs people’s memory of their own decisions. Four studies (min N = 352) tested whether closeness affect...","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":"125-129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82986242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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