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An important chapter in the history of semiotics: inference from signs in Philodemus’ De signis 符号学历史上重要的一章:菲洛德摩斯《论符号》中符号的推论
IF 0.8 3区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.1515/sem-2022-0077
Giovanni Manetti
Abstract Philodemus’ De signis is one of the classical texts of greatest semiotic interest. It reports the debate which arose between the Epicureans and an opposing school, usually identified as the Stoics, concerning semiotic inference. The Epicureans proposed to construct semiotic inferences based on generalizations resting on similarity, ultimately configuring their method as a form of induction. Their opponents attacked the Epicurean proposal in a twofold way: on the one hand, they argued that the Epicureans’ method intrinsically lacked cogency, invalidating their inferences from a logical point of view. On the other, they criticized the notion of similarity, arguing that it is generally a vague notion, and in some cases impossible to implement, as when one is faced with unique cases. The debate is very complex and is divided into replies and rejoinders. The ultimate impression one gets is that the Epicureans were able, for the first time in antiquity, to propose a real method to construct semiotic inferences, even though the latter were subject to fallibility, while their opponents did not propose a method, but a test, “elimination,” able only to check the logical soundness of semiotic inferences. In doing so, they placed themselves in a tradition extending back to the theory of signs formulated – albeit in a significantly different way – by Aristotle.
菲洛德摩斯的《论意义》是符号学意义最大的经典文本之一。它报告了伊壁鸠鲁派和另一个对立学派(通常被认为是斯多葛派)之间关于符号学推理的辩论。伊壁鸠鲁学派提出建立基于相似性的概括的符号学推理,最终将他们的方法配置为一种归纳法。他们的反对者从两个方面攻击伊壁鸠鲁学派的建议:一方面,他们认为伊壁鸠鲁学派的方法本质上缺乏说服力,从逻辑的角度来看,他们的推论是无效的。另一方面,他们批评了相似性的概念,认为它通常是一个模糊的概念,在某些情况下,当一个人面对独特的情况时,它是不可能实现的。辩论非常复杂,分为回答和反驳。人们得到的最终印象是,伊壁鸠鲁学派在古代第一次能够提出一种真正的方法来构建符号学推理,尽管后者受制于错误,而他们的对手没有提出一种方法,而是提出了一种测试,“消除”,只能检查符号学推理的逻辑合理性。在这样做的过程中,他们将自己置于一种传统中,这种传统可以追溯到亚里士多德制定的符号理论——尽管是以一种截然不同的方式。
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引用次数: 1
How binding and bonding communicate interpersonal meanings in a children’s museum to address Jordan’s energy and water challenges 在儿童博物馆中,结合和纽带如何传达人际意义,以解决约旦的能源和水挑战
IF 0.8 3区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-01-16 DOI: 10.1515/sem-2022-0019
Ahmad El-Sharif
Abstract Museums’ structures, spaces, and exhibits are understood as semiotic resources that make spatial texts that communicate a discourse defined by the authorities of the museum or its curators. The current study follows a social-semiotic approach in analyzing the spatial discourse of the Children’s Museum in Amman. It demonstrates that interpersonal meanings are semiotically communicated to children visitors in the Museum by firstly establishing a “comfort-zone” and secondly by aligning children visitors into groups with shared qualities, attitudes, and dispositions of affiliation and solidarity, and thirdly by providing abstract and material representations of the real world that encompasses participants, processes, events, and places. These interpersonal meanings produce a pedagogical discourse that semiotically addresses Jordan’s energy and water challenges, and that can “charge” the Museum’s role as a “Bonding Icon” that stands for shared communal ideals that Jordanians might identify with, or rally around.
博物馆的结构、空间和展品被理解为符号学资源,它们构成了空间文本,传达由博物馆当局或其策展人定义的话语。本研究采用社会符号学方法分析安曼儿童博物馆的空间话语。通过首先建立一个“舒适区”,其次通过将儿童参观者排列成具有共同品质、态度和归属和团结倾向的群体,最后通过提供包含参与者、过程、事件和地点的现实世界的抽象和物质表征,向博物馆的儿童参观者传达了人际意义。这些人际关系的意义产生了一种教学话语,符号化地解决了约旦的能源和水挑战,这可以“改变”博物馆作为“纽带图标”的角色,代表着约旦人可能认同或团结在一起的共同理想。
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引用次数: 0
Autocommunication in crib speech and private speech 婴儿言语和私人言语中的自动交际
IF 0.8 3区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-01-16 DOI: 10.1515/sem-2021-0150
Lauri Linask
Abstract Autocommunication, communication with oneself, may become distinct from communication with an “other” both in form and function. Autocommunication has a special role in the development of thinking in small children, as differentiation of speech for oneself, known as “private speech,” from communication for social purposes entails the child’s organization of her or his own cognition and behavior with the aid of symbols. Recent studies have suggested that speech distinctly for the child him or herself is particularly observable during what is called “crib speech” and thus it appears to support already early language acquisition. The purpose and functions of crib speech in child development have been topics of interest until recently, but they are still debated. In autocommunication, instead of transfer of signs from one mind to another as when in communication with an “other,” there is transfer of signs from one state of mind to another, as in the case of recalling something with the help of signs. Next to this mnemonic type autocommunication, Juri Lotman was interested in the type in which textual devices within a text guide the communicative interpretation in relation to the text itself, particularly characteristic to poetry. The paper provides a semiotic analysis of crib speech in terms of Lotman’s concept of autocommunication explaining its particular appearance both in form and content, as well as what initiates and inspires it for the small child and why does it bring such joy. From the point of view of semiotics, crib speech presents as an exceptionally rich phenomenon. In addition to being small children’s language practice, crib speech appears as language play, if not poetry, serving as a modelling system for enacting and representing the world as it appears for the small child.
自我交流,即与自己的交流,可能在形式和功能上与与“他者”的交流有所不同。自我交流在幼儿思维发展中起着特殊的作用,因为为自己说话(被称为“私人语言”)与为社会目的交流的区别需要儿童借助符号来组织自己的认知和行为。最近的研究表明,在所谓的“婴儿床语言”期间,特别可以观察到儿童自己的语言,因此它似乎支持了早期的语言习得。直到最近,婴儿床语言在儿童发展中的目的和功能一直是人们感兴趣的话题,但它们仍然存在争议。在自我交流中,符号不是像与“他者”交流时那样从一个人的思想转移到另一个人的思想,而是从一种思想状态转移到另一种思想状态,就像借助符号回忆某事一样。除了助记类型的自动交流,Juri Lotman对文本中的文本设备引导与文本本身相关的交际解释的类型很感兴趣,尤其是诗歌的特征。本文根据洛特曼的自传播概念,对婴儿床言语进行符号学分析,解释其在形式和内容上的特殊表现,以及是什么引发和激发了幼儿的这种行为,以及为什么它会带来这种快乐。从符号学的角度来看,婴儿床言语是一种异常丰富的现象。除了是幼儿的语言练习之外,婴儿床的言语表现为语言游戏,如果不是诗歌的话,它是一种模拟系统,用来表演和代表幼儿所看到的世界。
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引用次数: 0
Shielding the learned body: a semiotic analysis of school badges in New South Wales, Australia 遮蔽学体:澳大利亚新南威尔士州学校徽章的符号学分析
IF 0.8 3区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-01-13 DOI: 10.1515/sem-2021-0160
C. Symes
Abstract School badges, though an integral part of education’s “aesthetic order,” of its signage and apparel, have not been the subjects of much of analysis. In addressing this oversight, the following paper examines the badges of New South Wales government schools and argues that like their counterparts elsewhere in the world, they draw on heraldic models and are constructs of colors, names, motifs, and mottoes that in various ways have local cogency and significance. For example, many badges draw on Australia’s flora and fauna or refer to aspects of its colonial history and thereby induct pupils into the nation’s identity. Some schools, under the pressure to be more business-oriented, have turned their back on the traditional badge in favor of logos and slogans that, arguably, are more commensurate with their times.
学校徽章,虽然是教育的“美学秩序”的一个组成部分,它的标志和服装,并没有太多的分析的主题。为了解决这一问题,下面的文章研究了新南威尔士州政府学校的徽章,并认为与世界其他地方的徽章一样,它们借鉴了纹章模型,是颜色、名称、图案和格言的结构,在各种方面具有当地的说服力和意义。例如,许多徽章描绘了澳大利亚的动植物,或涉及其殖民历史的各个方面,从而引导学生了解这个国家的身份。一些学校迫于更注重商业的压力,放弃了传统的校徽,转而采用可以说更符合时代的标志和口号。
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引用次数: 0
Meaning and the evolution of signification and objectivity 意义与意义与客观性的演变
IF 0.8 3区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.1515/sem-2021-0154
Mark Pharoah
Abstract The coevolution of objectivity and subjectivity and the nature of both their division and connection are central to this paper. Section 2 addresses the nature of meaning from the subjective perspective. Initially, I examine the meaningful engagement that exists between the unicellular organism and its environment. In this respect, I focus on the ontological importance of the qualitative biochemical assimilation of the physical rather than on the evolution of form and function. In Section 3, I broaden the discussion to include multicellular organisms and introduce the idea that meaning, at various levels, qualifies different objective and informational constructs of the world. These determine the character of interactive engagement and reveal much about the way in which an agent signifies the external. In Section 4, I review Darwinian evolution from the position of the existential self. I emphasize that meaning is that which qualifies the human concept of objectivity, rather than that objectivity is that which will help humankind qualify or understand meaning. Ultimately, this outlook challenges scientific disciplines that have tended to obscure the relevance of meaning and sought, instead, to explain it from an epistemological footing. In its overall scope, I try to establish the view that the subjective and objective domains are more nuanced, layered, and intertwined ontologically than the default stance that presents a binary juxtaposition between the two.
摘要本文主要探讨客观性与主观性的共同演化,以及二者的分离与联系。第2节从主观角度探讨意义的本质。首先,我考察了单细胞生物与其环境之间存在的有意义的接触。在这方面,我关注的是物理质的生化同化的本体论重要性,而不是形式和功能的进化。在第3节中,我扩大了讨论范围,包括多细胞生物,并介绍了意义在不同层次上限定了世界的不同客观和信息结构的观点。这些决定了互动参与的特征,并揭示了主体表示外部事物的方式。在第4节中,我从存在自我的立场来回顾达尔文的进化论。我要强调的是,意义是限定人类客观性概念的东西,而不是客观性是帮助人类限定或理解意义的东西。最终,这种观点挑战了那些倾向于模糊意义相关性的科学学科,而不是寻求从认识论的基础上解释它。在其总体范围内,我试图建立这样一种观点,即主观和客观领域在本体论上更加微妙、分层和交织,而不是在两者之间呈现二元并列的默认立场。
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引用次数: 0
The semiotics of social-distance branding during the post-coronavirus crisis 后冠状病毒危机中社交距离品牌的符号学
IF 0.8 3区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/sem-2021-0157
F. Haghbin, Saranraj Nambusubramaniyan, N. Monfared
Abstract Social distance, as a non-static cognitive attribute of acceptance among particular groups across different contexts, has been resemioticized during the coronavirus crisis and legalized worldwide to reduce global strain on healthcare systems and prevent deaths. Concerning this, brand designers have tried to persuade the brand community to benefit from products or services safely by staying away from others as much as possible instead of in-person contact. This research was conducted to discover the semiosis process of social-distancing resemioticization through creating values of brands during the post-coronavirus crisis. The corpus consists of 124 brands – all sampled purposely from 2019 to 2021 – which was investigated via a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methods using an integrated model in a functional perspective. All the results highlight the fact that, although brand designers have attempted to creatively resemioticize social-distancing during the coronavirus crisis as a means of increasing or enriching brand values, still some semiosis layers of brand discourse have been overlooked. Pertaining to this, the authors try to apply a new perspective of marketing semiotics to appraise consumer investments in light of a socio-cultural setting by conducting an inquiry about the semiosis of individual brand discourses to manage consumer perceptions regarding brand equity.
社会距离作为不同背景下特定群体接受度的一种非静态认知属性,在冠状病毒危机期间被类似化,并在全球范围内合法化,以减轻全球医疗系统的压力,防止死亡。对此,品牌设计师试图说服品牌社区尽可能远离他人,而不是亲自接触,以安全地受益于产品或服务。本研究旨在发现后冠状病毒危机中,通过创造品牌价值来实现社交距离相似性的符号化过程。该语料库由124个品牌组成-所有品牌都是在2019年至2021年期间故意取样的-通过定性和定量方法的混合,使用功能视角的集成模型进行了调查。所有的结果都突出了这样一个事实,即尽管品牌设计师在冠状病毒危机期间试图创造性地将社交距离与之相似,作为增加或丰富品牌价值的一种手段,但品牌话语的一些符号学层面仍被忽视了。与此相关,作者试图运用营销符号学的新视角,通过对个人品牌话语的符号学进行调查,以管理消费者对品牌资产的看法,从而在社会文化背景下评估消费者投资。
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引用次数: 2
Semiotic relation in literary photobooks: the case of Leminski’s Quarenta Clics em Curitiba 文学摄影集中的符号学关系:以莱明斯基的《库里蒂巴群岛》为例
IF 0.8 3区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/sem-2020-0060
A. Fernandes, João Queiroz
Abstract How should one describe the irreducible relationships in photopoetry observed in intermedial literary photobooks? According to most authors, in literary photobooks, the verbal sign system is linked to the photographic image as a bidirectional interaction, creating a coupled system that can be seen as a new sign system. Mutually modulatory influences link verbal text and photography. But the nature of such influences needs to be explained in detail and with accuracy. What kind of relation are we dealing with? Many authors have tried to explain this phenomenon through several epistemic metaphors. The problem is that these metaphors are rarely subjected to any general theory of meaning. Surprisingly, this is not even mentioned as a problem. In this article, we propose a general semiotic model to describe the irreducible photography-poetry relation, derived from C. S. Peirce’s pragmatic theory of signs, and we also present some preliminary results of the analysis of Quarenta Clics em Curitiba, a photobook by Paulo Leminski and Jack Pires. Our purpose here is to introduce and explore this model to describe the photography-poetry relationship in coupled systems. This relationship is decomposed, in the functional roles occupied by poems and photographs, into a sign-object-interpretant relation. The triadic irreducibility that characterizes semiosis (à la Peirce) is the main property applied to photograph-poetry coupling in Quarenta Clics em Curitiba.
如何描述在中间文学写真中观察到的照相学中不可约的关系?根据大多数作者的说法,在文学写本中,语言符号系统与摄影图像作为一种双向互动联系在一起,创造了一个耦合系统,可以被视为一种新的符号系统。相互调节的影响将文字和摄影联系在一起。但是,这种影响的性质需要详细而准确地解释。我们处理的是什么样的关系?许多作者试图通过几个认知隐喻来解释这一现象。问题是,这些隐喻很少受到任何一般意义理论的影响。令人惊讶的是,这甚至没有作为一个问题被提及。本文从皮尔斯的符号语用理论出发,提出了一个通用的符号学模型来描述摄影与诗歌之间不可约的关系,并对保罗·莱明斯基和杰克·皮雷斯的摄影集《夸伦塔·克里克斯·库里蒂巴》进行了初步分析。我们在这里的目的是引入和探索这个模型来描述耦合系统中的摄影-诗歌关系。在诗歌和照片所扮演的功能角色中,这种关系被分解成一种符号-对象-解释关系。表征符合学的三元不可约性( la Peirce)是Quarenta Clics em Curitiba中应用于摄影-诗歌耦合的主要属性。
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引用次数: 1
Sémiotique 2021 : l’année en revue 符号学2021:回顾一年
IF 0.8 3区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/sem-2022-0116
Frank Nuessel, Ott Puumeister
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引用次数: 1
Getting Fra Angelico’s splotch out: rehabilitating visual cognitive semiotics 消除弗拉·安杰利科的斑点:恢复视觉认知符号学
IF 0.8 3区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/sem-2021-0078
I. Verstegen
Abstract Most contemporary approaches to meaning presume the limitation of semiotics (Didi-Huberman, Gumbrecht, Belting). The question of what kind of “semiotics” is required has not been asked. However, without some general science of meaning it is impossible to reform theory without committing past errors or ignoring progress. In the interest of reconnecting contemporary interests in “presence” to long-evolving needs, I review the ossification and decline of one theory of semiotics that serves as the tacit model rejected today. I return to problems of the nature of the sign – whether it is “digital” or “analog” and conceived as “communication” or merely “meaning.” I then reconstitute a workable visual cognitive semiotics based on phenomenological premises.
大多数当代意义研究方法都假定符号学的局限性(Didi-Huberman, Gumbrecht, Belting)。需要什么样的“符号学”的问题还没有被问到。然而,如果没有某种普遍的意义科学,就不可能在不犯过去的错误或忽视进步的情况下改革理论。为了重新将当代对“存在”的兴趣与长期发展的需求联系起来,我回顾了一种符号学理论的僵化和衰落,这种理论被视为今天被拒绝的隐性模型。我回到符号本质的问题上——它是“数字的”还是“模拟的”,是被理解为“交流”还是仅仅是“意义”。然后,我在现象学前提的基础上重构了一个可行的视觉认知符号学。
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引用次数: 1
L’intimocide: de la violence de masse à celle des camarades 暗杀:从大规模暴力到同志暴力
IF 0.8 3区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/sem-2021-0148
Ralitza Bonéva
Résumé Le terme d’intimocide nous permet d’interroger une autre dimension, à côté de celles de génocide et d’ethnocide, de la violence infligée à des êtres humains. Atteinte violente à l’intimité, l’intimocide est une étape de l’extension du domaine de la mise à mort, il vise le dernier rempart du sens d’une existence, la détruire dans son for intérieur. Phénomène politique, lié au gouvernement d’une société et aux aspirations que ce gouvernement manifeste vis-à-vis de l’individu, l’intimocide est une stratégie de domination totale. Notre étude, au croisement des approches sémiotique et anthropologique, a pour but de différencier le terme d’intimocide des termes limitrophes, tout en cernant ses aspects, repérés dans des ouvrages de référence ainsi que dans notre propre observation participante du régime totalitaire communiste et du régime post-communiste.
摘要“杀害”一词使我们能够质疑种族灭绝和种族灭绝之外的另一个层面,即对人类的暴力。谋杀是对亲密关系的暴力攻击,是杀戮领域扩展的一个阶段,它的目标是生命意义的最后堡垒,摧毁它的内在力量。谋杀是一种政治现象,与社会的治理和政府对个人的愿望有关,是一种完全统治的策略。我们的研究,在符号学和人类学方法的交叉,旨在区分术语“亲密”与邻近术语,同时确定其方面,在参考文献中发现,以及我们自己对极权主义共产主义政权和后共产主义政权的参与观察。
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引用次数: 0
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