Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2022.2041067
Lucas Palmer, N. Cringle, L. Clark
ABSTRACT Gambling involves monetary bets and prizes, but the money can take a range of formats, including cash, chips, ticket-in ticket-out vouchers, and digital options including banking cards. As societies move toward cashless payment for many goods, the question arises of how emerging payment technologies might impact gambling-related harms. We performed a scoping review following PRISMA guidelines to identify research testing the effects of monetary format in gambling. Our eligibility criteria focused on controlled experimental manipulations, to best establish the causal impact of monetary format. We sought to characterize different types of monetary manipulations that have been studied in a gambling context. We identified 19 eligible articles, comprising 23 individual experiments. These experiments were organized according to four distinct manipulations. The most common design (12 experiments), compared gambling under the presence or absence of money. Smaller numbers of experiments were identified manipulating monetary salience, testing Responsible Gambling tools, and testing the impact of promotional inducements. We identified no studies that compared gambling using cash against digital payment forms. Our review highlights a paucity of research testing the possible impact of digital and cashless payment options on gambling related harms, using experimental designs that would permit causal conclusions to be drawn.
{"title":"A scoping review of experimental manipulations examining the impact of monetary format on gambling behaviour","authors":"Lucas Palmer, N. Cringle, L. Clark","doi":"10.1080/14459795.2022.2041067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2022.2041067","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Gambling involves monetary bets and prizes, but the money can take a range of formats, including cash, chips, ticket-in ticket-out vouchers, and digital options including banking cards. As societies move toward cashless payment for many goods, the question arises of how emerging payment technologies might impact gambling-related harms. We performed a scoping review following PRISMA guidelines to identify research testing the effects of monetary format in gambling. Our eligibility criteria focused on controlled experimental manipulations, to best establish the causal impact of monetary format. We sought to characterize different types of monetary manipulations that have been studied in a gambling context. We identified 19 eligible articles, comprising 23 individual experiments. These experiments were organized according to four distinct manipulations. The most common design (12 experiments), compared gambling under the presence or absence of money. Smaller numbers of experiments were identified manipulating monetary salience, testing Responsible Gambling tools, and testing the impact of promotional inducements. We identified no studies that compared gambling using cash against digital payment forms. Our review highlights a paucity of research testing the possible impact of digital and cashless payment options on gambling related harms, using experimental designs that would permit causal conclusions to be drawn.","PeriodicalId":47301,"journal":{"name":"International Gambling Studies","volume":"22 1","pages":"499 - 521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43530785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2021.1937274
Hibai López-González, M. Griffiths, S. Jiménez-Murcia
ABSTRACT Numerous studies have explored the specific risk factors of sports betting attending to the singularities of sports bettors. However, many of these are also present in other gambling profiles (e.g. younger age, males, higher education, skill-based gambling) and fail to tackle the essentially distinguishing trait of sports betting, namely, its symbolic association with sport. This conceptual paper argues that sports betting draws from a rich pool of meanings from professional sport that influences how sports betting products are understood. It argues that, unlike other gambling products whose symbolic covering has to be built after, sports betting relies on a preexisting symbolic pool that structures its social significance. Sport confers to sports betting attributes of agency, control, and skill that make betting products more skill-oriented and less chance-based, but also other attributes of health, game, fun, and nature that decrease the perceived risks associated with sports betting. The paper contends that the symbolic association of sport and sports betting poses particular barriers for treatment of gambling disorder in the form of resistant cognitions about winning because professional sport embodies narratives of success deeply engraved in modern society, to an extent other gambling forms cannot compete in creating via their marketing strategies.
{"title":"The symbolic construction of sports betting products","authors":"Hibai López-González, M. Griffiths, S. Jiménez-Murcia","doi":"10.1080/14459795.2021.1937274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2021.1937274","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Numerous studies have explored the specific risk factors of sports betting attending to the singularities of sports bettors. However, many of these are also present in other gambling profiles (e.g. younger age, males, higher education, skill-based gambling) and fail to tackle the essentially distinguishing trait of sports betting, namely, its symbolic association with sport. This conceptual paper argues that sports betting draws from a rich pool of meanings from professional sport that influences how sports betting products are understood. It argues that, unlike other gambling products whose symbolic covering has to be built after, sports betting relies on a preexisting symbolic pool that structures its social significance. Sport confers to sports betting attributes of agency, control, and skill that make betting products more skill-oriented and less chance-based, but also other attributes of health, game, fun, and nature that decrease the perceived risks associated with sports betting. The paper contends that the symbolic association of sport and sports betting poses particular barriers for treatment of gambling disorder in the form of resistant cognitions about winning because professional sport embodies narratives of success deeply engraved in modern society, to an extent other gambling forms cannot compete in creating via their marketing strategies.","PeriodicalId":47301,"journal":{"name":"International Gambling Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"498 - 515"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14459795.2021.1937274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44356509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-28DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2021.1921011
T. Teichert, Alexander Graf, Thomas B. Swanton, S. Gainsbury
ABSTRACT Authorities regulate online transactions to protect consumers from unintended negative consequences. Regulatory cues (e.g. certifications) enable consumers to identify formally approved online gambling offers where unauthorized products are available and blocking access is difficult. However, consumers who gamble online are also influenced by peer endorsement and frequently search for peer usage information to make decisions. This study investigates the interaction of regulatory and social cues and shows that these can be either complementary or substitutionary from a consumer perspective. Australian undergraduate students (N= 195, 72.3% female) indicated preferences toward fictitious online gambling websites in a discrete choice experiment involving active searching for cues. The impact of regulatory cues on decision-making increased when social cues indicated high quantities of website users, and when respondents lacked general trust toward gambling websites, but decreased when user social proximity was signaled. Our preliminary findings suggest regulatory cues should be prominent, and policies could aim to heighten mistrust in unauthorized sites. This study provides a foundation for further research designed to inform consumer protection agencies about how to influence consumer choice of online gambling websites in settings where regulatory and social cues may compete.
{"title":"The joint influence of regulatory and social cues on consumer choice of gambling websites: preliminary evidence from a discrete choice experiment","authors":"T. Teichert, Alexander Graf, Thomas B. Swanton, S. Gainsbury","doi":"10.1080/14459795.2021.1921011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2021.1921011","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Authorities regulate online transactions to protect consumers from unintended negative consequences. Regulatory cues (e.g. certifications) enable consumers to identify formally approved online gambling offers where unauthorized products are available and blocking access is difficult. However, consumers who gamble online are also influenced by peer endorsement and frequently search for peer usage information to make decisions. This study investigates the interaction of regulatory and social cues and shows that these can be either complementary or substitutionary from a consumer perspective. Australian undergraduate students (N= 195, 72.3% female) indicated preferences toward fictitious online gambling websites in a discrete choice experiment involving active searching for cues. The impact of regulatory cues on decision-making increased when social cues indicated high quantities of website users, and when respondents lacked general trust toward gambling websites, but decreased when user social proximity was signaled. Our preliminary findings suggest regulatory cues should be prominent, and policies could aim to heighten mistrust in unauthorized sites. This study provides a foundation for further research designed to inform consumer protection agencies about how to influence consumer choice of online gambling websites in settings where regulatory and social cues may compete.","PeriodicalId":47301,"journal":{"name":"International Gambling Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"480 - 497"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14459795.2021.1921011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44955791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-04DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2020.1819365
Tara Hahmann, Sarah Hamilton-Wright, Carolyn Ziegler, F. Matheson
ABSTRACT The burden of gambling problems is felt more strongly among people who experience poverty. A small but emerging body of research is developing with no identified reviews exploring the scope of the academic literature on the confluence of poverty and gambling problems. The Arksey and O’Malley scoping study framework was used to map research on this multifaceted topic. We synthesized findings of 27 studies, spanning several national contexts on prevalence of problem gambling and associations of it with poverty. Findings indicated that gambling problems were associated with several poverty measures including employment/unemployment, housing instability, homelessness, low income, and neighborhood disadvantage. The complex interplay of gambling problems with social and health issues emerged in qualitative papers. Relatively few studies explored the connection between poverty and gambling problems despite higher prevalence of gambling problems in this population. Those experiencing both concerns face myriad challenges necessitating surveillance and treatment within vulnerable populations. Further research should explore pathways to gambling problems and poverty and also the associative nature and temporal sequencing of the two phenomena. Global awareness on the topic from a research and clinical/community service perspective is necessary.
{"title":"Problem gambling within the context of poverty: a scoping review","authors":"Tara Hahmann, Sarah Hamilton-Wright, Carolyn Ziegler, F. Matheson","doi":"10.1080/14459795.2020.1819365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2020.1819365","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The burden of gambling problems is felt more strongly among people who experience poverty. A small but emerging body of research is developing with no identified reviews exploring the scope of the academic literature on the confluence of poverty and gambling problems. The Arksey and O’Malley scoping study framework was used to map research on this multifaceted topic. We synthesized findings of 27 studies, spanning several national contexts on prevalence of problem gambling and associations of it with poverty. Findings indicated that gambling problems were associated with several poverty measures including employment/unemployment, housing instability, homelessness, low income, and neighborhood disadvantage. The complex interplay of gambling problems with social and health issues emerged in qualitative papers. Relatively few studies explored the connection between poverty and gambling problems despite higher prevalence of gambling problems in this population. Those experiencing both concerns face myriad challenges necessitating surveillance and treatment within vulnerable populations. Further research should explore pathways to gambling problems and poverty and also the associative nature and temporal sequencing of the two phenomena. Global awareness on the topic from a research and clinical/community service perspective is necessary.","PeriodicalId":47301,"journal":{"name":"International Gambling Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"183 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14459795.2020.1819365","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47857187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-26DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2021.1914705
S. Garea, A. Drummond, J. Sauer, Lauren C. Hall, M. Williams
ABSTRACT Loot boxes are purchasable randomized rewards contained in some video games. Concerns have been raised that these share psychological and structural features with traditional forms of gambling, and that they may exacerbate excessive video gameplay. Here, we quantitatively summarize two specific research areas regarding loot box spending using meta-analyses. We examined the relationships between loot box spending and (1) problem gambling (15 studies), and (2) excessive gaming (7 studies). We found significant small-to-moderate positive correlations between loot box spending and gambling symptomology, r = 0.26 (r = 0.37 using Trim and Fill), and excessive gaming, r = 0.25. Our results suggest a small, but replicable and potentially clinically relevant, relationship between gambling symptomology and loot box spending that is at least as large as the relationship between excessive gaming symptoms and loot box spending. Further research should examine the potential for statistical interactions between these constructs.
{"title":"Meta-analysis of the relationship between problem gambling, excessive gaming and loot box spending","authors":"S. Garea, A. Drummond, J. Sauer, Lauren C. Hall, M. Williams","doi":"10.1080/14459795.2021.1914705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2021.1914705","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Loot boxes are purchasable randomized rewards contained in some video games. Concerns have been raised that these share psychological and structural features with traditional forms of gambling, and that they may exacerbate excessive video gameplay. Here, we quantitatively summarize two specific research areas regarding loot box spending using meta-analyses. We examined the relationships between loot box spending and (1) problem gambling (15 studies), and (2) excessive gaming (7 studies). We found significant small-to-moderate positive correlations between loot box spending and gambling symptomology, r = 0.26 (r = 0.37 using Trim and Fill), and excessive gaming, r = 0.25. Our results suggest a small, but replicable and potentially clinically relevant, relationship between gambling symptomology and loot box spending that is at least as large as the relationship between excessive gaming symptoms and loot box spending. Further research should examine the potential for statistical interactions between these constructs.","PeriodicalId":47301,"journal":{"name":"International Gambling Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"460 - 479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14459795.2021.1914705","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59790250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-07DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2021.1908396
Jani Selin, S. Raisamo
ABSTRACT We aim to explore the potential association between public opinions of gambling policies, gambling behavior status, and demographics among 15–74-year-old Finns. We used data from the nationwide cross-sectional Finnish Gambling Survey (n = 4515, response rate 62%). Policy topics examined included views about (i) the prevailing gambling monopoly, (ii) gambling advertising, and (iii) placement of electronic gambling machines (EGMs). Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. The prevailing Finnish gambling monopoly system enjoyed considerable support among all respondents. The views of problem gamblers and non-gamblers were similar; compared to other groups, individuals in these groups supported stricter policies regarding gambling advertising and the placement of EGMs. The findings provide an insight into differing opinions on gambling policy topics across subgroups of the population. Policymakers may benefit from these results when planning and implementing stricter gambling policies in order to reduce the harm gambling causes to society.
{"title":"Association between public opinion of gambling policies, gambling behavior and demographics: a national survey in Finland","authors":"Jani Selin, S. Raisamo","doi":"10.1080/14459795.2021.1908396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2021.1908396","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We aim to explore the potential association between public opinions of gambling policies, gambling behavior status, and demographics among 15–74-year-old Finns. We used data from the nationwide cross-sectional Finnish Gambling Survey (n = 4515, response rate 62%). Policy topics examined included views about (i) the prevailing gambling monopoly, (ii) gambling advertising, and (iii) placement of electronic gambling machines (EGMs). Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. The prevailing Finnish gambling monopoly system enjoyed considerable support among all respondents. The views of problem gamblers and non-gamblers were similar; compared to other groups, individuals in these groups supported stricter policies regarding gambling advertising and the placement of EGMs. The findings provide an insight into differing opinions on gambling policy topics across subgroups of the population. Policymakers may benefit from these results when planning and implementing stricter gambling policies in order to reduce the harm gambling causes to society.","PeriodicalId":47301,"journal":{"name":"International Gambling Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"450 - 459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14459795.2021.1908396","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45431347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2021.1891272
Debi A. LaPlante, Eric R. Louderback, Brett Abarbanel
ABSTRACT Scientists across disciplines have begun to implement ‘open science’ principles and practices, which are designed to enhance the quality, transparency, and replicability of scientific research. Yet, studies examining the use of open science practices in social science fields such as psychology and economics show that awareness and use of such practices often is low. In gambling studies research, no studies to date have empirically investigated knowledge of and use of open science practices. In the present study, we collected survey data about awareness and use of open science practices from 86 gambling studies research stakeholders who had attended a major international gambling studies conference in May 2019. We found that – as hypothesized – a minority of gambling research stakeholders reported: 1) either some or extensive experience using open science research practices in general, and 2) either some or regular experience using specific open science practices, including study pre-registration, open materials/code, open data, and pre-print archiving. Most respondents indicated that replication was important for all studies in gambling research, and that genetic, neuroscience, and lab-based game characteristic studies were areas most in need of replication. Our results have important implications for open science education initiatives and for contemporary research methodology in gambling studies.
{"title":"Gambling researchers’ use and views of open science principles and practices: a brief report","authors":"Debi A. LaPlante, Eric R. Louderback, Brett Abarbanel","doi":"10.1080/14459795.2021.1891272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2021.1891272","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Scientists across disciplines have begun to implement ‘open science’ principles and practices, which are designed to enhance the quality, transparency, and replicability of scientific research. Yet, studies examining the use of open science practices in social science fields such as psychology and economics show that awareness and use of such practices often is low. In gambling studies research, no studies to date have empirically investigated knowledge of and use of open science practices. In the present study, we collected survey data about awareness and use of open science practices from 86 gambling studies research stakeholders who had attended a major international gambling studies conference in May 2019. We found that – as hypothesized – a minority of gambling research stakeholders reported: 1) either some or extensive experience using open science research practices in general, and 2) either some or regular experience using specific open science practices, including study pre-registration, open materials/code, open data, and pre-print archiving. Most respondents indicated that replication was important for all studies in gambling research, and that genetic, neuroscience, and lab-based game characteristic studies were areas most in need of replication. Our results have important implications for open science education initiatives and for contemporary research methodology in gambling studies.","PeriodicalId":47301,"journal":{"name":"International Gambling Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"381 - 394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14459795.2021.1891272","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48852747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-30DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2021.1903063
A. Cornil, S. Rothen, P. de Timary, J. Billieux
ABSTRACT Craving is central in the prognosis of gambling disorder. The elaborated intrusion theory (EIT) provides a sound framework to account for craving in addictive disorders, and interference methods inspired from the EIT have substantiated their effectiveness in mitigating substance and food-related cravings. The principle of these methods is to recruit the cognitive resources underlying craving (e.g., visuospatial skills, mental imagery) for another competitive and cognitively demanding task, thus reducing the vividness and overwhelming nature of craving. Here we conducted two experiments employing a between-subjects design to test the efficacy of interference methods for reducing laboratory-induced craving. In these experiments, gamblers (n = 38 for both experiments) first followed a craving induction procedure. They then performed either a visuospatial interference task (making a mental and vivid image of a bunch of keys [experiment 1] or playing the video game Tetris [experiment 2]; experimental conditions) or another task supposed not to recruit visuospatial skills and mental imagery (exploding bubble pack [experiment 1] or counting backwards [experiment 2]; control conditions). Results show that all methods successively mitigated induced craving. Although previous research evidenced the superiority of visuospatial tasks to reduce substance-related craving, our findings question their superiority in the context of gambling craving. Abbreviations EIT: Elaborated intrusion theory of desire; GD: Gambling disorder; CEQ: Craving Experience Questionnaire; g-CEQ: gambling Craving Experience Questionnaire; g-CEQ-F: Gambling Craving Experience Questionnaire – Frequency form; g-CEQ-S: Gambling Craving Experience Questionnaire – Strength form; Psi-Q: Plymouth Sensory Imagery Questionnaire; PGSI: Problem Gambling Severity Index; S-UPPS-P: Short UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale; DASS-21: Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales; ANCOVA: Analysis of covariance.
{"title":"Interference-based methods to mitigate gambling craving: a proof-of-principle pilot study","authors":"A. Cornil, S. Rothen, P. de Timary, J. Billieux","doi":"10.1080/14459795.2021.1903063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2021.1903063","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Craving is central in the prognosis of gambling disorder. The elaborated intrusion theory (EIT) provides a sound framework to account for craving in addictive disorders, and interference methods inspired from the EIT have substantiated their effectiveness in mitigating substance and food-related cravings. The principle of these methods is to recruit the cognitive resources underlying craving (e.g., visuospatial skills, mental imagery) for another competitive and cognitively demanding task, thus reducing the vividness and overwhelming nature of craving. Here we conducted two experiments employing a between-subjects design to test the efficacy of interference methods for reducing laboratory-induced craving. In these experiments, gamblers (n = 38 for both experiments) first followed a craving induction procedure. They then performed either a visuospatial interference task (making a mental and vivid image of a bunch of keys [experiment 1] or playing the video game Tetris [experiment 2]; experimental conditions) or another task supposed not to recruit visuospatial skills and mental imagery (exploding bubble pack [experiment 1] or counting backwards [experiment 2]; control conditions). Results show that all methods successively mitigated induced craving. Although previous research evidenced the superiority of visuospatial tasks to reduce substance-related craving, our findings question their superiority in the context of gambling craving. Abbreviations EIT: Elaborated intrusion theory of desire; GD: Gambling disorder; CEQ: Craving Experience Questionnaire; g-CEQ: gambling Craving Experience Questionnaire; g-CEQ-F: Gambling Craving Experience Questionnaire – Frequency form; g-CEQ-S: Gambling Craving Experience Questionnaire – Strength form; Psi-Q: Plymouth Sensory Imagery Questionnaire; PGSI: Problem Gambling Severity Index; S-UPPS-P: Short UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale; DASS-21: Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales; ANCOVA: Analysis of covariance.","PeriodicalId":47301,"journal":{"name":"International Gambling Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"426 - 449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14459795.2021.1903063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59790168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-28DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2021.1883708
P. Delfabbro, Belle Gavriel-Fried, N. Ricijaš, Dora Dodig Hundrić, J. Derevensky
ABSTRACT Public attitudes toward gambling have important implications for people’s engagement in the activity and receptivity to regulatory reforms. Such views are likely, however, to be influenced by variations in market conditions, perceptions of regulations and personal exposure to gambling. This article examines whether differences in gambling attitudes are related to differences in the perceived social, cognitive, and physical accessibility of gambling in four countries (Australia, Israel, Croatia and Canada). These countries were selected because they cover a range of gambling regulations, from established liberalized markets (Australia, Canada), to a recently liberalized market (Croatia) to a relatively restricted market (Israel). University student respondents (n = 1787, aged 18–30) were surveyed in these four countries to control for educational differences. Within- gender analyses controlled for differences in gender profile across countries. More positive attitudes were associated with greater social accessibility and more stringent regulations. Australian and Canadian respondents reported more positive attitudes toward gambling and regulations. Israeli respondents reported less positive attitudes and exposure to problem gambling. Croatian respondents reported more positive attitudes, but considered gambling to be poorly regulated and overly available. Overall, attitudes were related to perceptions of regulation as well as the duration of exposure to liberalized markets.
{"title":"Attitudes toward gambling in young people: a cross-national study of Australia, Canada, Croatia and Israel","authors":"P. Delfabbro, Belle Gavriel-Fried, N. Ricijaš, Dora Dodig Hundrić, J. Derevensky","doi":"10.1080/14459795.2021.1883708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2021.1883708","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Public attitudes toward gambling have important implications for people’s engagement in the activity and receptivity to regulatory reforms. Such views are likely, however, to be influenced by variations in market conditions, perceptions of regulations and personal exposure to gambling. This article examines whether differences in gambling attitudes are related to differences in the perceived social, cognitive, and physical accessibility of gambling in four countries (Australia, Israel, Croatia and Canada). These countries were selected because they cover a range of gambling regulations, from established liberalized markets (Australia, Canada), to a recently liberalized market (Croatia) to a relatively restricted market (Israel). University student respondents (n = 1787, aged 18–30) were surveyed in these four countries to control for educational differences. Within- gender analyses controlled for differences in gender profile across countries. More positive attitudes were associated with greater social accessibility and more stringent regulations. Australian and Canadian respondents reported more positive attitudes toward gambling and regulations. Israeli respondents reported less positive attitudes and exposure to problem gambling. Croatian respondents reported more positive attitudes, but considered gambling to be poorly regulated and overly available. Overall, attitudes were related to perceptions of regulation as well as the duration of exposure to liberalized markets.","PeriodicalId":47301,"journal":{"name":"International Gambling Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"326 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14459795.2021.1883708","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42527695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-28DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2021.1886313
Tori L. Horn, J. Whelan, Qian Li, Abby McPhail, A. Meyers, Rimsha Majeed, S. Huette
ABSTRACT To explore whether consumers see and understand warning messages on scratch-off lottery tickets, two laboratory observation studies were conducted. In the first study, 64 undergraduates were randomly assigned to either freely interact with a lottery ticket (i.e. minimal instruction condition) or search for information on the ticket related to gambling risks (i.e. message search condition) and then handed a lottery ticket. Approximately, one third failed to turn to the back of the ticket where warning messages were placed, and few participants accurately identified the messages. In the second study, 47 undergraduates were randomly assigned to either the minimal instruction condition or message search condition. Participants viewed computer images of the front and back of two lottery tickets while eye movement data were recorded. Analyses revealed that participants looked at the messages, but no more than other comparable areas of the tickets regardless of instructional condition. Generally, participants reported that ‘Play Responsibly,’ was easy to understand, but did not ‘teach them anything new.’ Approximately 20% of participants correctly interpreted the overall odds of winning statement. These findings support the need to improve the placement and content of scratchcard warning messages to educate players about the risks associated with lottery play.
{"title":"‘Play responsibly’: consumers’ attention to and understanding of warning messages on scratch-off lottery tickets","authors":"Tori L. Horn, J. Whelan, Qian Li, Abby McPhail, A. Meyers, Rimsha Majeed, S. Huette","doi":"10.1080/14459795.2021.1886313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2021.1886313","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To explore whether consumers see and understand warning messages on scratch-off lottery tickets, two laboratory observation studies were conducted. In the first study, 64 undergraduates were randomly assigned to either freely interact with a lottery ticket (i.e. minimal instruction condition) or search for information on the ticket related to gambling risks (i.e. message search condition) and then handed a lottery ticket. Approximately, one third failed to turn to the back of the ticket where warning messages were placed, and few participants accurately identified the messages. In the second study, 47 undergraduates were randomly assigned to either the minimal instruction condition or message search condition. Participants viewed computer images of the front and back of two lottery tickets while eye movement data were recorded. Analyses revealed that participants looked at the messages, but no more than other comparable areas of the tickets regardless of instructional condition. Generally, participants reported that ‘Play Responsibly,’ was easy to understand, but did not ‘teach them anything new.’ Approximately 20% of participants correctly interpreted the overall odds of winning statement. These findings support the need to improve the placement and content of scratchcard warning messages to educate players about the risks associated with lottery play.","PeriodicalId":47301,"journal":{"name":"International Gambling Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"361 - 380"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14459795.2021.1886313","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41360167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：