Pub Date : 2022-08-11DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2022.2109569
Julia Cardwell, C. Konrad
ABSTRACT The intensity of extreme events like hurricanes is predicted to increase. As such, the role of federal disaster aid programmes in assisting community recovery will also grow, and potential inequities in these programmes could compound in an increasing disaster landscape. This study analyzes recovery efforts after Hurricane Florence (2018) to identify trends in areas that were targeted for recovery aid. Using a series of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and spatial lag models, divergences in aid are investigated after controlling for physical damage and the study suggests that these divergences can be partially predicted by social and community factors, including characteristics that are typically associated with increased social vulnerability (such as high renter population, older housing stock, and high population of non-white residents). In addition, because North Carolina experienced two major hurricanes in the period of just two years (Hurricane Matthew in 2016), this study also analyzes the role of successive extremes in the outcomes of aid concentration and finds that communities successful in achieving aid after Hurricane Matthew were similarly successful after Hurricane Florence. Finally, the paper emphasises the importance of monitoring potential inequities in federal recovery aid payout, which can provide actionable opportunities for potential improvements to these programmes.
{"title":"Trends in recovery aid concentration following Hurricane Florence in North Carolina: exploring the role of physical damage, community vulnerability, and Hurricane Matthew","authors":"Julia Cardwell, C. Konrad","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2022.2109569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2022.2109569","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The intensity of extreme events like hurricanes is predicted to increase. As such, the role of federal disaster aid programmes in assisting community recovery will also grow, and potential inequities in these programmes could compound in an increasing disaster landscape. This study analyzes recovery efforts after Hurricane Florence (2018) to identify trends in areas that were targeted for recovery aid. Using a series of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and spatial lag models, divergences in aid are investigated after controlling for physical damage and the study suggests that these divergences can be partially predicted by social and community factors, including characteristics that are typically associated with increased social vulnerability (such as high renter population, older housing stock, and high population of non-white residents). In addition, because North Carolina experienced two major hurricanes in the period of just two years (Hurricane Matthew in 2016), this study also analyzes the role of successive extremes in the outcomes of aid concentration and finds that communities successful in achieving aid after Hurricane Matthew were similarly successful after Hurricane Florence. Finally, the paper emphasises the importance of monitoring potential inequities in federal recovery aid payout, which can provide actionable opportunities for potential improvements to these programmes.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81709138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-07DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2022.2095970
J. Raikes, Daniel Henstra, Jason Thistlethwaite
ABSTRACT Increasing flood risk requires governments to develop innovative solutions for flood risk management. The effectiveness of these solutions depends, in part, on their social acceptability. This paper presents the findings of a national survey to explore the social acceptability of property buyouts as a form of managed retreat from flood risk in Canada. It discusses public attitudes and expectations towards property buyout programmes in high-risk flood zones, including their salience, essential design elements, and factors that would influence household acceptance of a property buyout offer. The results show there is an appetite for property buyout programmes to reduce flood risk in high-risk zones. Moreover, the social acceptability of such programmes is highest when participation is voluntary, flexible pricing options are combined with financial incentives, and programme design and implementation are transparent. Participants indicated costs for these programmes should be borne primarily by governments and shared between governments at different levels. The findings suggest that although property buyouts—and managed retreat more generally—are considered a socially acceptable approach to flood risk management, their efficacy will depend on programme design, stakeholder collaboration, and effective communication of risk to vulnerable populations. Policy recommendations are discussed in response to these findings.
{"title":"Managed retreat from high-risk flood areas: exploring public attitudes and expectations about property buyouts","authors":"J. Raikes, Daniel Henstra, Jason Thistlethwaite","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2022.2095970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2022.2095970","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Increasing flood risk requires governments to develop innovative solutions for flood risk management. The effectiveness of these solutions depends, in part, on their social acceptability. This paper presents the findings of a national survey to explore the social acceptability of property buyouts as a form of managed retreat from flood risk in Canada. It discusses public attitudes and expectations towards property buyout programmes in high-risk flood zones, including their salience, essential design elements, and factors that would influence household acceptance of a property buyout offer. The results show there is an appetite for property buyout programmes to reduce flood risk in high-risk zones. Moreover, the social acceptability of such programmes is highest when participation is voluntary, flexible pricing options are combined with financial incentives, and programme design and implementation are transparent. Participants indicated costs for these programmes should be borne primarily by governments and shared between governments at different levels. The findings suggest that although property buyouts—and managed retreat more generally—are considered a socially acceptable approach to flood risk management, their efficacy will depend on programme design, stakeholder collaboration, and effective communication of risk to vulnerable populations. Policy recommendations are discussed in response to these findings.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82137740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-06DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2022.2085075
M. Mahbubur Rahman, Md. Sadequr Rahman, Tasnim Jerin
ABSTRACT This study sheds light on investigating the root causes, dynamic pressure and unsafe conditions to the progression of social vulnerability of the people residing in 48th ward of Hazaribagh Thana, Dhaka South City (DSC) of Bangladesh. We employed qualitative method to explore people’s knowledge, views and perceptions on the production of social vulnerability to earthquake disasters. We utilized key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) to find out the research objectives. Applying purposive sampling, the study selected a total of 16 informants for conducting KIIs, and 25 informants were chosen for administering FGDs. Examining the Pressure and Release (PAR) model developed by Wisner et al., (2011), the research revealed that low income status of the family, single headed family, lack of proper health services, unavailability of urban emergency center, limited access to power, and political systems contributed to the production of root causes of the progression of social vulnerability. The dynamic pressures involved lack of appropriate skills, unplanned residences and industry, rapid population growth, which played vital role to the production of vulnerability. Finally, the poor housing materials, dangerous location, and lack of first aid documents found associated with the unsafe conditions of the creation of vulnerability of earthquake hazards.
{"title":"Social vulnerability to earthquake disaster: insights from the people of 48th ward of Dhaka South City, Bangladesh","authors":"M. Mahbubur Rahman, Md. Sadequr Rahman, Tasnim Jerin","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2022.2085075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2022.2085075","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study sheds light on investigating the root causes, dynamic pressure and unsafe conditions to the progression of social vulnerability of the people residing in 48th ward of Hazaribagh Thana, Dhaka South City (DSC) of Bangladesh. We employed qualitative method to explore people’s knowledge, views and perceptions on the production of social vulnerability to earthquake disasters. We utilized key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) to find out the research objectives. Applying purposive sampling, the study selected a total of 16 informants for conducting KIIs, and 25 informants were chosen for administering FGDs. Examining the Pressure and Release (PAR) model developed by Wisner et al., (2011), the research revealed that low income status of the family, single headed family, lack of proper health services, unavailability of urban emergency center, limited access to power, and political systems contributed to the production of root causes of the progression of social vulnerability. The dynamic pressures involved lack of appropriate skills, unplanned residences and industry, rapid population growth, which played vital role to the production of vulnerability. Finally, the poor housing materials, dangerous location, and lack of first aid documents found associated with the unsafe conditions of the creation of vulnerability of earthquake hazards.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83441135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2022.2062286
Y. Türker, Aynur Aydin
ABSTRACT An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is a tool that has been used for more than 50 years to assess situations that may have future negative effects on the environment. This study has attempted to address the status of the EIA in Istanbul, a city founded 2500 years ago and, therefore, one of the oldest cities in the world. The study first defines the EIA and then discusses legislative amendments to the Turkish EIA Regulation, which are the most important source of problems in the application of EIAs in Turkey. Twenty amendments have been passed since the first EIA Regulation was entered into force, and these amendments have had significant effects on the application of EIAs. It has been determined that some of these amendments have expanded the scope of EIAs but others have narrowed the scope. In the last part of the study, the effects of these legislative amendments in the case of Istanbul are revealed. Graphics show that when an amendment in passed that narrows the scope of an EIA, the number of projects excluded from review by that EIA increases, and they are projects that could have a negative impact on the environment.
{"title":"Legislative amendments and the environmental impact assessment process in Istanbul","authors":"Y. Türker, Aynur Aydin","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2022.2062286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2022.2062286","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is a tool that has been used for more than 50 years to assess situations that may have future negative effects on the environment. This study has attempted to address the status of the EIA in Istanbul, a city founded 2500 years ago and, therefore, one of the oldest cities in the world. The study first defines the EIA and then discusses legislative amendments to the Turkish EIA Regulation, which are the most important source of problems in the application of EIAs in Turkey. Twenty amendments have been passed since the first EIA Regulation was entered into force, and these amendments have had significant effects on the application of EIAs. It has been determined that some of these amendments have expanded the scope of EIAs but others have narrowed the scope. In the last part of the study, the effects of these legislative amendments in the case of Istanbul are revealed. Graphics show that when an amendment in passed that narrows the scope of an EIA, the number of projects excluded from review by that EIA increases, and they are projects that could have a negative impact on the environment.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89378335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2022.2076646
J. Gaska
ABSTRACT Although windstorms are not as spectacular as large, fluvial floods, they cause significant losses every year. Due to the difficulties in measuring this damage, the literature on the impact of climate change on it is relatively scarce. The aim of this paper is to estimate the impact of climate change on losses caused by windstorms in Poland over the twenty-first century. To do that, damage over threshold methodology is applied, in which losses depend on how much a given threshold is exceeded. In line with existing literature, the 98th percentile threshold and cubic damage function are applied to the data on the wind speed of gust from EURO-CORDEX simulations. As a result, it turns out that the losses caused by windstorms in Poland will increase in relative terms until 2100 by 29% in the RCP4.5 scenario and 32% in the RCP8.5 scenario. By 2050, these changes will be less significant, but still increases by 6% in RCP4.5 and 16% in RCP8.5 can be expected.
{"title":"Climate change and windstorm losses in Poland in the twenty-first century","authors":"J. Gaska","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2022.2076646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2022.2076646","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Although windstorms are not as spectacular as large, fluvial floods, they cause significant losses every year. Due to the difficulties in measuring this damage, the literature on the impact of climate change on it is relatively scarce. The aim of this paper is to estimate the impact of climate change on losses caused by windstorms in Poland over the twenty-first century. To do that, damage over threshold methodology is applied, in which losses depend on how much a given threshold is exceeded. In line with existing literature, the 98th percentile threshold and cubic damage function are applied to the data on the wind speed of gust from EURO-CORDEX simulations. As a result, it turns out that the losses caused by windstorms in Poland will increase in relative terms until 2100 by 29% in the RCP4.5 scenario and 32% in the RCP8.5 scenario. By 2050, these changes will be less significant, but still increases by 6% in RCP4.5 and 16% in RCP8.5 can be expected.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91094860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2022.2035664
Vinita Kanwal, S. Sirohi, P. Chand
ABSTRACT The increasing frequency of droughts and floods is undermining sustainable agricultural development at the global level. The concerns are more profound in countries like India, where agriculture the primary source of livelihood is mainly rainfed. Based on the primary survey of 180 rural farm households in the highly natural disaster-prone state of India, this study elucidates how farm households perceive and respond to manage climatic shocks and associated risks. Results show that the majority of the households perceived the occurrence of adverse weather events, but a sizeable proportion of them in the drought-prone regions appear to be neglecting or downplaying the risk outcomes. The households in flood prone region were proactive in controlling and monitoring risks and resorted to multiple risk mitigation measures like diversification of crop and enterprises, changing agronomic practices, etc. The economic position of the households played the most significant role in influencing the adoption of a particular strategy. The weak empirical relationship between the communication variables and management of weather-induced risks was reflective of the lack of quality information available to the farmers through various sources.
{"title":"Risk perception, impact, and management by farmer households in Rajasthan (India)","authors":"Vinita Kanwal, S. Sirohi, P. Chand","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2022.2035664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2022.2035664","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The increasing frequency of droughts and floods is undermining sustainable agricultural development at the global level. The concerns are more profound in countries like India, where agriculture the primary source of livelihood is mainly rainfed. Based on the primary survey of 180 rural farm households in the highly natural disaster-prone state of India, this study elucidates how farm households perceive and respond to manage climatic shocks and associated risks. Results show that the majority of the households perceived the occurrence of adverse weather events, but a sizeable proportion of them in the drought-prone regions appear to be neglecting or downplaying the risk outcomes. The households in flood prone region were proactive in controlling and monitoring risks and resorted to multiple risk mitigation measures like diversification of crop and enterprises, changing agronomic practices, etc. The economic position of the households played the most significant role in influencing the adoption of a particular strategy. The weak empirical relationship between the communication variables and management of weather-induced risks was reflective of the lack of quality information available to the farmers through various sources.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88127228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2022.2074954
Chia-Chi Lee, Kuo-Ching Huang, Shih-Yun Kuo, Chien-Ke Cheng, C. Tung, Tzu-Ming Liu
ABSTRACT Climate change research has emerged over the past few decades as a vibrant field of inquiry with significant impact on society, economics and politics. Analysing the context of past climate change research is necessary to check progress, gaps, needs and to optimise the benefits of future development. This paper analyses nearly 6000 government-funded climate change research projects in Taiwan from 1993 to 2020 based on data in Government Research Bulletin (GRB), supplemented by reviewing Taiwan’s science and technology policies to obtain a constructive research discourse. While the Taiwan government has continued to actively promote climate change research following the IPCC (the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), it suffers from uneven development of research fields, lack of social and interdisciplinary/transdisciplinary research, and a gap between scientific research and decision-making. While these individual issues can be addressed, they stem from a core factor: the lack of determination and commitment of politicians and government to implement recommended mitigation/adaptation policies. This is one of very few papers investigating climate change research from a national perspective and the first focusing on Taiwan, and is of potential interest to researchers, policymakers and members of the general public concerned about national-scale climate change research.
{"title":"Climate change research in Taiwan: beyond following the mainstream","authors":"Chia-Chi Lee, Kuo-Ching Huang, Shih-Yun Kuo, Chien-Ke Cheng, C. Tung, Tzu-Ming Liu","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2022.2074954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2022.2074954","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Climate change research has emerged over the past few decades as a vibrant field of inquiry with significant impact on society, economics and politics. Analysing the context of past climate change research is necessary to check progress, gaps, needs and to optimise the benefits of future development. This paper analyses nearly 6000 government-funded climate change research projects in Taiwan from 1993 to 2020 based on data in Government Research Bulletin (GRB), supplemented by reviewing Taiwan’s science and technology policies to obtain a constructive research discourse. While the Taiwan government has continued to actively promote climate change research following the IPCC (the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), it suffers from uneven development of research fields, lack of social and interdisciplinary/transdisciplinary research, and a gap between scientific research and decision-making. While these individual issues can be addressed, they stem from a core factor: the lack of determination and commitment of politicians and government to implement recommended mitigation/adaptation policies. This is one of very few papers investigating climate change research from a national perspective and the first focusing on Taiwan, and is of potential interest to researchers, policymakers and members of the general public concerned about national-scale climate change research.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74611705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2022.2069665
M. Mishra, T. Acharyya, Namita Pattnaik, M. Dash, P. Das, S. Mishra
ABSTRACT We investigated long-term (1890–2020) frequency changes in depressions (D), cyclonic storms (CS) and severe cyclonic storms (SCS), along Odisha coast. We reviewed the fatalities, damage to properties and livestock and linked with the existing cyclone disaster management policy of the state. The decadal frequencies of D and CS show marked declining pattern after reaching their peak in 1930–1939 and 1890–1899, respectively. On an average, the SCS hits slightly more than two times per decade. No notable change in the long-term frequency of SCS was noticed, though last five decades (1970–2020) witnessed an upsurge in % contribution of SCS (13%) to the total atmospheric disturbances, and the maximum contribution (20%) was in the latest decade (2010–2020). Human fatalities exceeded more than 5000 in 1895, 1967, 1971, 1972, and 1999 cyclones. Establishment of SDMA (State Disaster Management Authority), efficient forecasting and evacuation strategies have successfully brought down the fatalities, but the loss of livestock, biodiversity, livelihoods, and infrastructure remains a concern. Decision-makers should strive to increase the resilience of at-risk communities through planting protective mangrove cover, educating and ensuring better living conditions, and implementing 4R (Robustness, Redundancy, Resourcefulness and Rapid response) resilience principles for the infrastructure.
{"title":"The long-term frequency and intensity of cyclonic storms and associated losses in Odisha, India","authors":"M. Mishra, T. Acharyya, Namita Pattnaik, M. Dash, P. Das, S. Mishra","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2022.2069665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2022.2069665","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We investigated long-term (1890–2020) frequency changes in depressions (D), cyclonic storms (CS) and severe cyclonic storms (SCS), along Odisha coast. We reviewed the fatalities, damage to properties and livestock and linked with the existing cyclone disaster management policy of the state. The decadal frequencies of D and CS show marked declining pattern after reaching their peak in 1930–1939 and 1890–1899, respectively. On an average, the SCS hits slightly more than two times per decade. No notable change in the long-term frequency of SCS was noticed, though last five decades (1970–2020) witnessed an upsurge in % contribution of SCS (13%) to the total atmospheric disturbances, and the maximum contribution (20%) was in the latest decade (2010–2020). Human fatalities exceeded more than 5000 in 1895, 1967, 1971, 1972, and 1999 cyclones. Establishment of SDMA (State Disaster Management Authority), efficient forecasting and evacuation strategies have successfully brought down the fatalities, but the loss of livestock, biodiversity, livelihoods, and infrastructure remains a concern. Decision-makers should strive to increase the resilience of at-risk communities through planting protective mangrove cover, educating and ensuring better living conditions, and implementing 4R (Robustness, Redundancy, Resourcefulness and Rapid response) resilience principles for the infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90424093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-04DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2022.2050668
M. Parsons, A. Lykins
ABSTRACT The cultural theory of risk proposes that risk perception is biased by sociality and the maintenance of four ways or life, or cultural worldviews: hierarchism, egalitarianism, individualism or communitarianism. This study examined whether cultural worldviews influenced the perception of the risk of bushfire, flood, storm and earthquake in Australia. A sample of 503 participants completed two questionnaires: cultural worldviews and natural hazard risk perception. Only 30% of respondents held strongly hierarchical, egalitarian, individualist or communitarian worldviews. Several aspects of natural hazard risk perception were predicted by cultural worldviews, but associations were weak. Individualists perceived greater risk of, and responsibility for, natural hazards possibly because they perceive them to be a disruptive threat that limits freedom. Egalitarians perceived greater risk from bushfire or storm, possibly because they understand the potential for social impacts from these events and favour collective response. Notions of control and mitigation of natural hazards were associated with hierarchism. Communitarianism was not a predictor of natural hazard risk perception. However, most people don’t view natural hazards as a threat to their sociality and way of life. Single heuristics, such as the cultural theory of risk, are unlikely to capture the complexity of natural hazard risk perception in Australia.
{"title":"Cultural worldviews and the perception of natural hazard risk in Australia","authors":"M. Parsons, A. Lykins","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2022.2050668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2022.2050668","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 The cultural theory of risk proposes that risk perception is biased by sociality and the maintenance of four ways or life, or cultural worldviews: hierarchism, egalitarianism, individualism or communitarianism. This study examined whether cultural worldviews influenced the perception of the risk of bushfire, flood, storm and earthquake in Australia. A sample of 503 participants completed two questionnaires: cultural worldviews and natural hazard risk perception. Only 30% of respondents held strongly hierarchical, egalitarian, individualist or communitarian worldviews. Several aspects of natural hazard risk perception were predicted by cultural worldviews, but associations were weak. Individualists perceived greater risk of, and responsibility for, natural hazards possibly because they perceive them to be a disruptive threat that limits freedom. Egalitarians perceived greater risk from bushfire or storm, possibly because they understand the potential for social impacts from these events and favour collective response. Notions of control and mitigation of natural hazards were associated with hierarchism. Communitarianism was not a predictor of natural hazard risk perception. However, most people don’t view natural hazards as a threat to their sociality and way of life. Single heuristics, such as the cultural theory of risk, are unlikely to capture the complexity of natural hazard risk perception in Australia.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87591757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2021.1932712
Jesús Vargas Molina, Pilar Paneque Salgado, Pedro Augusto Breda Fontão
ABSTRACT Drought risk is a complex phenomenon that leads to different interpretations, public understanding of causes, consequences and adaptation strategies and, therefore, different responses. To date, and despite the rise of social media, mass media are still the main way through which society receives information about drought, mainly owing to accessibility and periodicity. Media content analysis can be useful not only for identifying the relevant stakeholders in debates about definition and management but also for monitoring the evolution of key issues over time. This work presents a methodology to systematise drought-related media content analysis. The methodology has been tested in two widely different case studies: The Autonomous Community of Andalusia in Spain and the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo in Brazil, which were recently exposed to drought. Results show that the methodology is applicable to different settings, regardless of the number of media outlets and the news stories analysed. The paper incidentally also shows the resistance to the paradigm shift in terms of drought management measures, where in both cases traditional measures based on increasing water availability continue to predominate over the measures of risk planning and mitigation.
{"title":"Drought-related media analysis from Andalusia and São Paulo","authors":"Jesús Vargas Molina, Pilar Paneque Salgado, Pedro Augusto Breda Fontão","doi":"10.1080/17477891.2021.1932712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2021.1932712","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Drought risk is a complex phenomenon that leads to different interpretations, public understanding of causes, consequences and adaptation strategies and, therefore, different responses. To date, and despite the rise of social media, mass media are still the main way through which society receives information about drought, mainly owing to accessibility and periodicity. Media content analysis can be useful not only for identifying the relevant stakeholders in debates about definition and management but also for monitoring the evolution of key issues over time. This work presents a methodology to systematise drought-related media content analysis. The methodology has been tested in two widely different case studies: The Autonomous Community of Andalusia in Spain and the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo in Brazil, which were recently exposed to drought. Results show that the methodology is applicable to different settings, regardless of the number of media outlets and the news stories analysed. The paper incidentally also shows the resistance to the paradigm shift in terms of drought management measures, where in both cases traditional measures based on increasing water availability continue to predominate over the measures of risk planning and mitigation.","PeriodicalId":47335,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Hazards-Human and Policy Dimensions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79978519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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