Research in Social Stratification and Mobility最新文献_第6页

Trends in couples’ educational pairings and marital dissolution: Evidence from South Korea 夫妻教育配对与婚姻破裂的趋势：来自韩国的证据

IF 2.7 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility

Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101041

Sangsoo Lee

This study investigates how heterosexual married couples’ educational pairings – where the wife is more, less, or equally educated compared to her husband – relate to divorce risk and how these patterns have changed over time. While a growing body of research has documented these trends in Western societies, it remains uncertain whether similar patterns exist in non-Western contexts with more traditional gender norms. In addition, little research has differentiated between marriages where both spouses have high levels of education and those where both have low levels of education, as both types of marriages have been classified as educational homogamy. To address these gaps, this study analyzes marriage and divorce registration data to examine changes in couples’ educational pairings and marital dissolution in South Korea between the 1991 and 2018 marriage cohorts. The findings reveal that although female hypogamy used to be associated with a higher divorce risk than hypergamy, this gap has been narrowing and is nearly closed among those married in the 2010s. Moreover, the gap in divorce risk between college-educated and non-college-educated homogamous couples has been widening.

这项研究调查了异性恋夫妇的受教育程度——妻子的受教育程度比丈夫高、低或相同——与离婚风险之间的关系，以及这些模式是如何随着时间的推移而变化的。虽然越来越多的研究记录了西方社会的这些趋势，但仍不确定在非西方社会中是否存在更传统的性别规范。此外，很少有研究区分夫妻双方受教育程度高的婚姻和夫妻双方受教育程度低的婚姻，因为这两种婚姻都被归类为受教育程度高的同性婚姻。为了解决这些差距，本研究分析了婚姻和离婚登记数据，以检查1991年至2018年韩国婚姻队列中夫妻教育配对和婚姻解散的变化。研究结果显示，尽管女性的一夫多妻制曾经比一夫多妻制与更高的离婚风险相关，但这一差距正在缩小，在2010年代结婚的女性中几乎已经消失。此外，受过大学教育和没有受过大学教育的同性伴侣之间的离婚风险差距一直在扩大。

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引用次数: 0

Class, subjective status, and turnout in Europe 阶级、主观地位和欧洲的投票率

IF 2.7 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility

Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101039

Giacomo Melli

Inspired by Weber’s distinction between class and status, the paper explores the independent and joint role of social class and subjective social status in shaping electoral participation in contemporary European democracies. While social class has long been established as a predictor of political behaviour, less attention has been paid to the influence of subjective status, an individual’s self-assessed position within the social hierarchy. Drawing on nineteen waves of data from the International Social Survey Program from 2002 to 2021 across twenty-five European countries, this paper examines how social class and subjective status independently and jointly influence electoral participation. The findings indicate that while social class remains a significant determinant of electoral participation, subjective status offers further insight. Individuals with higher subjective status are more likely to vote, regardless of their social class. Moreover, within social classes, particularly the working class, participation rates are stratified by subjective status, with a notable gap between individuals with high and low subjective status. By employing Linear Probability Models with Country-Year Fixed Effects, the study accounts for cross-national differences and provides a robust analysis of electoral participation in Europe. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of political inequality, suggesting that subjective aspects of social stratification should be considered alongside traditional class-based analyses to fully grasp the factors influencing political participation in European democracies.

受韦伯区分阶级和地位的启发，本文探讨了社会阶级和主观社会地位在塑造当代欧洲民主国家选举参与中的独立和共同作用。虽然社会阶层长期以来一直被认为是政治行为的预测因素，但人们很少关注主观地位的影响，即个人在社会等级中自我评估的地位。利用国际社会调查项目2002年至2021年在25个欧洲国家的19波数据，本文研究了社会阶级和主观地位如何独立和共同影响选举参与。研究结果表明，虽然社会阶层仍然是选举参与的重要决定因素，但主观地位提供了进一步的见解。无论社会阶层如何，主观地位较高的人更有可能投票。此外，在社会阶层，特别是工人阶级内部，参与率根据主观地位分层，主观地位高和低的个人之间存在显著差距。通过采用具有国家-年份固定效应的线性概率模型，该研究解释了跨国差异，并提供了对欧洲选举参与的有力分析。这些结果有助于加深对政治不平等的理解，表明除了传统的基于阶级的分析外，还应考虑社会分层的主观方面，以充分掌握影响欧洲民主国家政治参与的因素。

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引用次数: 0

The inequality trade-off? Employment inequalities across and within couples in the rise of dual earning 不平等的权衡？双职工增加中夫妻之间和夫妻内部的就业不平等

IF 2.7 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility

Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101035

Guillaume Paugam

This paper links the rise of dual earning in Europe with two associated phenomena, hitherto mostly studied separately: household employment polarisation, and part-time employment. The former is about inequality across heterosexual working-age couples, and their tendency to polarise between dual earning and dual workless. The latter shows that inequality persists within dual-earning couples, with women more likely than men to be in part-time work. The paper studies 11 European countries since 1983. It first documents long-run trends in dual earning, employment polarisation and part-time work. It then formally links the latter two notions, by developing a novel shift-share equation to explain the rise of dual-earning in terms of changes in levels of part-time and full-time work and changes in how equally or unequally they are distributed across couples. It shows that part-time employment increased the levels of employment without really changing the way employment is distributed across couples. On the other hand, full-time employment has become much more unequally distributed across couples over time, particularly following the 2008 crisis, a period during which the rise of female full-time work accelerated and male full-time work declined. The paper also identifies patterns of commonalities and differences across European countries.

本文将欧洲双职工的兴起与两个相关现象联系起来，这两个现象迄今为止大多是分开研究的：家庭就业两极化和非全日制就业。前者涉及异性工龄夫妻之间的不平等，以及他们在双重收入和双重无业之间两极分化的趋势。后者表明，双职工夫妇内部仍然存在不平等，女性比男性更有可能从事兼职工作。本文研究了自 1983 年以来的 11 个欧洲国家。它首先记录了双职工、就业两极化和兼职工作的长期趋势。然后，它将后两个概念正式联系起来，通过建立一个新颖的转移-分享方程，从兼职和全职工作水平的变化以及它们在夫妻间平等或不平等分配的变化来解释双职工的增加。结果表明，兼职工作提高了就业水平，但并未真正改变就业在夫妻间的分配方式。另一方面，随着时间的推移，全职工作在夫妻间的分布变得更加不平等，尤其是在 2008 年危机之后，在此期间，女性全职工作加速增加，而男性全职工作有所减少。本文还确定了欧洲各国的共性和差异模式。

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引用次数: 0

What happens to bright 5-year-olds from poor backgrounds? Longitudinal evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study 来自贫困家庭的聪明的5岁孩子会发生什么？千年队列研究的纵向证据

IF 2.7 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility

Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101038

John Jerrim, Maria Palma Carvajal

High-achieving children from low-income families have perhaps the best opportunity to break through the glass ceiling and achieve upwards social mobility. Yet there have been relatively few studies investigating how key outcomes for this group develop throughout childhood, and how this compares to their equally able but more socio-economically advantaged peers. This paper draws upon Millenium Cohort Study data from the UK to provide new evidence on this issue. We find that the cognitive skills of bright 5-year-olds from low-income families keep pace with those of children from high-income families through to the end of primary school. However, the transition into secondary is a critical period, with high-achieving children from poor families experiencing a particularly sharp relative decline in their attitudes towards school, behaviour, mental health and academic achievement between age 11 and 14. The failure to fully capitalise on the early potential of this group is likely to be a key reason why the UK is failing to become a more socially fluid society.

低收入家庭中成绩优秀的儿童或许最有机会突破 "玻璃天花板"，实现社会向上流动。然而，对这一群体在整个童年时期的主要成果如何发展，以及与能力相当但社会经济条件更优越的同龄人相比如何的研究却相对较少。本文利用英国千年队列研究（Millenium Cohort Study）的数据为这一问题提供了新的证据。我们发现，来自低收入家庭的 5 岁聪明儿童在小学毕业前的认知能力一直与来自高收入家庭的儿童保持同步。然而，升入中学是一个关键时期，来自贫困家庭的成绩优秀儿童在 11 至 14 岁期间，在对学校的态度、行为、心理健康和学业成绩方面的相对下降尤为明显。未能充分利用这一群体的早期潜力，很可能是英国未能成为一个社会流动性更强的社会的关键原因。

引用次数: 0

Associations of perceived social mobility with health indicators: Findings from the Chinese general social survey from 2017 to 2021 感知社会流动性与健康指标的关系：2017 - 2021年中国综合社会调查结果

IF 2.7 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility

Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101037

Huali Zhao , Jinhui Qiao , Xinyue Shen , Yue Dong , Yue Hu , Yingying Zhang , Fei Yang , Jin You

This study examined how perceived intergenerational and intragenerational social mobility would be associated with health indicators (i.e., self-rated health, life satisfaction, and depressive symptoms) using data from the 2017, 2018, and 2021 waves of the Chinese General Social Survey (N = 31,262). Polynomial regression and response surface analyses revealed consistent associations of perceived intergenerational and intragenerational social mobility with all three health indicators. Individuals who perceived downward social mobility reported worse health outcomes than those who perceived upward social mobility, but both groups reported poorer health outcomes compared to immobile individuals. Among immobile individuals, the relationship between subjective social status and these health indicators followed an inverted U-shaped pattern, with health indicators initially rising to a peak and then slightly decreased as subjective social status increased. This study offers the first pieces of evidence for the health consequences of perceived social mobility under the Chinese sociocultural context and has potential to challenge the conventional “more is better” model of socioeconomic status.

本研究利用2017年、2018年和2021年的中国综合社会调查数据（N = 31,262），研究了感知的代际和代内社会流动性与健康指标（即自评健康、生活满意度和抑郁症状）之间的关系。多项式回归和响应面分析表明，代际和代内社会流动性与所有三个健康指标之间存在一致的关联。认为社会流动性向下的人比认为社会流动性向上的人的健康状况更差，但与不流动的人相比，两组人的健康状况都更差。在行动不便的人中，主观社会地位与这些健康指标之间的关系呈倒 U 型，健康指标最初上升到一个高峰，然后随着主观社会地位的提高而略有下降。这项研究首次证明了在中国社会文化背景下，主观社会地位对健康的影响，并有可能对传统的 "越多越好 "的社会经济地位模式提出挑战。

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引用次数: 0

When advantages disappear: Long-term trends in gender and social origin inequalities and the rise of horizontal stratification in higher education in South Korea 当优势消失时：性别和社会出身不平等的长期趋势以及韩国高等教育中水平分层的上升

IF 2.7 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility

Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101036

Seongsoo Choi , Subin Lee

Recent research on educational stratification has shifted focus from vertical to horizontal inequalities and the intersectionality of gender and social origin. Yet, little empirical research has examined how these multidimensional inequalities emerge and evolve over time. We argue that as traditional advantages by gender and SES decline, new horizontal inequalities may arise, maintaining advantage for privileged groups. Using nine nationally representative survey samples, we analyze South Korea, where higher education expanded rapidly in the late 20th century, examining cohort trends in gender and SES gaps across both vertical (college completion) and horizontal (institutional selectivity and STEM choice) dimensions. Our findings show that while the male advantage disappeared and SES disparities in college access narrowed, a new gap emerged, favoring high-SES males in STEM fields at selective universities. We also find suggestive evidence that rising labor market demand for STEM skills may be a factor explaining recent differences in major choice between high-SES men and women. This study reveals a new pathway of educational stratification shaped interactively by gender and SES.

最近关于教育分层的研究已将重点从纵向不平等转移到横向不平等以及性别和社会起源的交叉性。然而，很少有实证研究考察这些多维不平等是如何随着时间的推移而产生和演变的。我们认为，随着传统的性别和社会地位优势的下降，新的横向不平等可能会出现，保持特权群体的优势。使用9个具有全国代表性的调查样本，我们分析了韩国，其高等教育在20世纪后期迅速扩张，研究了纵向（大学毕业）和横向（机构选择性和STEM选择）维度上性别和社会地位差距的队列趋势。我们的研究结果表明，虽然男性优势消失，社会经济地位在大学入学方面的差距缩小，但新的差距出现了，在一些重点大学的STEM领域，高社会经济地位的男性更受青睐。我们还发现有启发性的证据表明，劳动力市场对STEM技能的需求不断上升，可能是解释高ses男性和女性最近在专业选择上存在差异的一个因素。本研究揭示了性别与社会经济地位互动塑造教育分层的新途径。

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引用次数: 0

Neoliberalism and labor's long decline: Financialization, precaritization, and union density in the American states, 1964–2023 新自由主义与劳工的长期衰落：1964-2023年美国各州的金融化、不稳定化和工会密度

IF 2.7 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility

Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101031

Michael Wallace , Todd E. Vachon , Andrew S. Fullerton

Despite encouraging efforts at union revitalization, the long-term decline of union density in the U.S. continues. In this paper, we examine the influence of two master processes of neoliberal capitalism contributing to that decline that have received insufficient attention in previous research—the financialization of the economy and precaritization of work. Using longitudinal data for the 50 U.S. states for 1964–2023, we conduct a state-level analysis and find that both financialization and precaritization negatively affect union density net of other covariates. Consistent with our expectations, we further find that these effects are historically and regionally contingent. That is, the negative effects of financialization and precaritization are confined mainly to the neoliberal period (1981–2023) and to Non-southern states. We further find that these effects of financialization and precaritization on union density differed before, during, and after the Great Recession, suggesting that the Recession had a disruptive influence on these relationships. We discuss the relevance of these findings for the future vibrancy of the union movement.

尽管鼓励重振工会的努力，但美国工会密度的长期下降仍在继续。在本文中，我们研究了新自由主义资本主义的两个主要过程对这种衰退的影响，这两个过程在以前的研究中没有得到足够的重视——经济的金融化和工作的不稳定化。使用纵向数据的50 美国研究发现，金融化和不稳定化都会对其他协变量的联合密度网产生负面影响。与我们的预期一致，我们进一步发现这些影响是历史和区域偶然的。也就是说，金融化和不稳定化的负面影响主要局限于新自由主义时期（1981-2023）和非南方国家。我们进一步发现，金融化和不稳定化对工会密度的影响在大衰退之前、期间和之后都有所不同，这表明经济衰退对这些关系产生了破坏性影响。我们将讨论这些发现与工会运动未来活力的相关性。

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引用次数: 0

The legacy of names. Persistence in social status in Sweden 1865–2015 名字的遗产。1865-2015年瑞典社会地位的持续

IF 2.7 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101033

Elien Dalman

This study explores how social origin, reflected by occupation and family name from both parents, has been passed down over the past 150 years in Sweden. It finds that intergenerational rank-rank associations in occupational status – a typical measure of social mobility – have remained surprisingly constant at levels around 0.27 – as in the US (Song et al., 2020). However, intergenerational correlations are substantially higher among those with surnames reflecting high historical prestige. Surname type reflects a heritable social status dimension at the group level (such as ethnicity), which persists strongly across generations. By comparing occupational and surname-based social status, this study offers new insights into the persistent nature of social inequality and the factors that influence it over time. It offers a new perspective on the transition from “ascribed” (surname) to “achieved” (occupational) status as Sweden industrialized, modernized, and became a welfare state.

本研究探讨了父母双方的职业和姓氏所反映的社会出身在瑞典过去 150 年间的传承情况。研究发现，作为社会流动性的典型衡量标准，职业地位的代际等级关联一直保持在 0.27 左右的水平，这与美国的情况（Song 等人，2020 年）惊人地一致。然而，在那些拥有反映高历史声望的姓氏的人群中，代际相关性要高得多。姓氏类型反映了群体层面上可遗传的社会地位维度（如种族），这种维度在代际间具有很强的持续性。通过比较职业社会地位和基于姓氏的社会地位，本研究提供了关于社会不平等的持续性质以及随着时间推移对其产生影响的因素的新见解。它提供了一个新的视角，即随着瑞典的工业化、现代化和成为福利国家，从 "赋予"（姓氏）到 "实现"（职业）地位的转变。

引用次数: 0

Social inequalities in children’s cognitive and socioemotional development: The role of home learning environments and early childhood education 儿童认知和社会情感发展中的社会不平等：家庭学习环境和幼儿教育的作用

IF 2.7 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101034

Ilaria Pietropoli , Pablo Gracia

This study uses high-quality longitudinal data from the Growing Up in Ireland study to examine the interplay between home learning environment (HLE) and early childhood education (ECE) in explaining children’s skills development from 9 months to 5 years old across parental socioeconomic status (SES). Random-effects linear regression models show that: (1) supportive HLE improves children’s cognitive and socioemotional skills and ECE quality critically fosters early socioemotional skills; (2) SES is associated with higher early cognitive and socioemotional outcomes, while responsive and consistent parenting behaviours among low-SES parents is particularly critical to improve their children’s socioemotional well-being; (3) high-quality ECE attendance compensates for children’s behavioural problems in less responsive parenting environments, especially among low-SES families, whereas home literacy stimulation is necessary condition for high-quality ECE attendance to benefit children’s early cognitive skills. Overall, HLE and ECE mutually interact in explaining differences in children’s early skills development across SES groups.

本研究使用来自爱尔兰成长研究的高质量纵向数据来检验家庭学习环境（HLE）和幼儿教育（ECE）之间的相互作用，以解释父母社会经济地位（SES）中9个月至5岁儿童的技能发展。随机效应线性回归模型表明：(1)支持性高水平教育提高了儿童的认知和社会情绪技能，幼儿教育质量对儿童早期社会情绪技能有重要的促进作用；(2)社会经济地位与较高的早期认知和社会情绪结果相关，而低社会经济地位父母的反应性和一致性育儿行为对提高儿童的社会情绪幸福感尤为重要；(3)高质量的ECE出勤补偿了在反应性较差的养育环境中儿童的行为问题，特别是在低社会经济地位家庭中，而家庭识字刺激是高质量ECE出勤有利于儿童早期认知技能的必要条件。总体而言，HLE和ECE在解释SES群体中儿童早期技能发展的差异方面相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

The socio-organisational embeddedness of work-life mobility 工作-生活流动性的社会组织嵌入性

IF 2.7 1区社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101032

Per Block , Jan O. Jonsson

There has recently been renewed interest in occupational mobility over the life-course. We argue that such studies should place greater emphasis on organisational and social embeddings of occupations as key drivers of mobility. Occupations are interconnected by their organisational, regional, and industrial contexts, which create mobility opportunities. These contexts also foster social relations that underpin classic mobility predictors such as social capital, cultural capital, and aspiration, all of which guide occupational choices. Building on the idea that social and organisational relations between occupations shape the overall structure of social mobility, we devise a structural model that focuses not on variables, but on emergent mobility patterns. We conceptualise the mobility table as a network, fitting a loglinear model including concentration, reciprocity, and clustering parameters. This model is applied to analyse intra-generational mobility between 59 micro-classes in the UK during the first decade of this century, using data from the British Household Panel Survey. We find that emergent patterns are strong predictors of mobility. When comparing our model to a conventional social-class based one, we find that social-class parameters decrease by 88 % after the inclusion of network patterns. We conclude that the socio-organisational embeddedness of occupations is an overlooked structuring force behind work-life mobility.

最近，人们对一生中职业的流动性重新产生了兴趣。我们认为，此类研究应更加强调职业的组织和社会嵌入作为流动性的关键驱动因素。职业是由他们的组织、区域和行业背景相互联系的，这创造了流动的机会。这些背景还促进了社会关系，这些社会关系支撑着社会资本、文化资本和抱负等经典的流动性预测因素，所有这些因素都指导着职业选择。基于职业之间的社会和组织关系塑造了社会流动的整体结构这一观点，我们设计了一个结构模型，该模型不关注变量，而是关注紧急流动模式。我们将流动性表概念化为一个网络，拟合一个包括浓度、互惠和聚类参数的线性模型。该模型使用英国家庭小组调查（British Household Panel Survey）的数据，分析了本世纪头十年英国59个微阶层之间的代际流动性。我们发现，涌现模式是流动性的有力预测因素。当将我们的模型与传统的基于社会阶层的模型进行比较时，我们发现在包含网络模式后，社会阶层参数减少了88 %。我们得出结论，职业的社会组织嵌入性是工作-生活流动性背后被忽视的结构性力量。

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引用次数: 0