Pub Date : 2025-01-10DOI: 10.1177/0094582x241311803
Bill Rolston, Fionnuala Ní Aoláin, Claire Wright
The COVID-19 pandemic has made historical and contemporary colonial relationships between and within states more fraught. This complexity is apparent within the research process itself, adding a new dimension to debates on positionality and the politics of knowledge production. Drawing on critical approaches to International Relations, and in dialogue with an emerging literature on the implications of the pandemic for knowledge decolonization, we reflect on our experience as scholars from the UK/Ireland researching colonial legacy and Transitional Justice in Colombia. The aim of this autoethnographic article is to suggest how the COVID-19 pandemic affected inequalities between researchers based in Europe and participants in Latin America. Our findings are mixed. While Covid-related funding cuts undermined equity within relationships, the virtual field offered an opportunity to cultivate cooperation between researcher and participant and re-think issues of ethics, voice, and the research agenda itself. Finally, El Maestro Covid taught us valuable lessons on the colonial trap inherent in our endeavors.
{"title":"Colombia, COVID-19, and the Colonial Trap Reflections on the Politics of Knowledge Production","authors":"Bill Rolston, Fionnuala Ní Aoláin, Claire Wright","doi":"10.1177/0094582x241311803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x241311803","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has made historical and contemporary colonial relationships between and within states more fraught. This complexity is apparent within the research process itself, adding a new dimension to debates on positionality and the politics of knowledge production. Drawing on critical approaches to International Relations, and in dialogue with an emerging literature on the implications of the pandemic for knowledge decolonization, we reflect on our experience as scholars from the UK/Ireland researching colonial legacy and Transitional Justice in Colombia. The aim of this autoethnographic article is to suggest how the COVID-19 pandemic affected inequalities between researchers based in Europe and participants in Latin America. Our findings are mixed. While Covid-related funding cuts undermined equity within relationships, the virtual field offered an opportunity to cultivate cooperation between researcher and participant and re-think issues of ethics, voice, and the research agenda itself. Finally, El Maestro Covid taught us valuable lessons on the colonial trap inherent in our endeavors.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142940270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-10DOI: 10.1177/0094582x241310466
Adriana Cattai Pismel, Ana Claudia Chaves Teixeira
This article analyzes the public manifestos made among civil society during the first wave of Covid-19 in Brazil. Data collection took place between April and August 2020, and gathered a sample made up of documents in various formats, which were drawn up by a wide range of actors who voice very different ideas and themes. The data analysis allowed us to identify three important shifts: these actors reacted to the threats of the pandemic and de-democratization; they built frame bridges, which link various organizations and the traditional causes they fight for to the pandemic situation; and they articulated long-term agendas that point to a post-pandemic utopian future, which includes the construction of a new conception of democratic public solidarity that draws attention to the collective duty of public responsibility.
{"title":"Public Manifestos: Brazilian Civil Society Alliances and Resistances in the Face of the Covid-19 Crisis","authors":"Adriana Cattai Pismel, Ana Claudia Chaves Teixeira","doi":"10.1177/0094582x241310466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x241310466","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the public manifestos made among civil society during the first wave of Covid-19 in Brazil. Data collection took place between April and August 2020, and gathered a sample made up of documents in various formats, which were drawn up by a wide range of actors who voice very different ideas and themes. The data analysis allowed us to identify three important shifts: these actors reacted to the threats of the pandemic and de-democratization; they built frame bridges, which link various organizations and the traditional causes they fight for to the pandemic situation; and they articulated long-term agendas that point to a post-pandemic utopian future, which includes the construction of a new conception of democratic public solidarity that draws attention to the collective duty of public responsibility.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142940271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-09DOI: 10.1177/0094582x241311825
Marina Kabat
Desde la pandemia, América Latina experimentó un drástico crecimiento del número de trabajadores que se emplean en forma remota para empresas extranjeras. No obstante, los mismos cambios que facilitaron esta expansión del teletrabajo internacional aceleran la competencia global entre trabajadores, lo que junto con la crisis que atraviesa la industria del software, genera despidos y caída salarial. En este contexto, estudiamos las diferentes trayectorias de los países latinoamericanos, los rubros ocupacionales en que cada uno se inserta, las tensiones que estos cambios generan el ámbito doméstico y los desafíos que presentan para pensar estratégicamente el desarrollo regional.Since the pandemic, Latin America has experienced a drastic growth in the number of workers employed remotely by foreign companies. However, the same changes that facilitated this expansion of international teleworking have accelerated global competition between workers. This, along with the current crisis of the software industry, leads to layoffs and a drop in wages. This paper addresses the different paths of several Latin American countries, the occupational categories in which each one is inserted, the tensions that these changes produce in the domestic sphere, and the challenges they entail for thinking strategically about regional development.
{"title":"International Teleworking in Latin America","authors":"Marina Kabat","doi":"10.1177/0094582x241311825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x241311825","url":null,"abstract":"Desde la pandemia, América Latina experimentó un drástico crecimiento del número de trabajadores que se emplean en forma remota para empresas extranjeras. No obstante, los mismos cambios que facilitaron esta expansión del teletrabajo internacional aceleran la competencia global entre trabajadores, lo que junto con la crisis que atraviesa la industria del software, genera despidos y caída salarial. En este contexto, estudiamos las diferentes trayectorias de los países latinoamericanos, los rubros ocupacionales en que cada uno se inserta, las tensiones que estos cambios generan el ámbito doméstico y los desafíos que presentan para pensar estratégicamente el desarrollo regional.Since the pandemic, Latin America has experienced a drastic growth in the number of workers employed remotely by foreign companies. However, the same changes that facilitated this expansion of international teleworking have accelerated global competition between workers. This, along with the current crisis of the software industry, leads to layoffs and a drop in wages. This paper addresses the different paths of several Latin American countries, the occupational categories in which each one is inserted, the tensions that these changes produce in the domestic sphere, and the challenges they entail for thinking strategically about regional development.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142940273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-09DOI: 10.1177/0094582x241311804
Mairon G. Bastos Lima, Katerina Hatzikidi, Karen da Costa
The COVID-19 pandemic caused massive human suffering just as much as it heightened pre-existing socio-economic and political issues. Brazil, where over 700,000 people perished, offers one of the starkest cases as Black and Indigenous lives were particularly neglected through a hands-off approach. While commonly characterized as mismanagement, we argue that the Bolsonaro administration’s strategy instead represents a case of malgovernance—where deliberate (in)action rather than technical inaptitude accounts for the policies adopted. We draw from detailed account-taking of the government’s actions (and calculated inactions) throughout 2020 to 2022 to offer an elaborate analysis of Brazil’s case through the lens of necropolitics and gore capitalism. We expose how a libertarian self-reliance ethic, with racist undertones, joined together with boundless capital accumulation to create a social Darwinist approach to the handling of COVID-19 in Brazil. The malgovernance of the pandemic thus reveals deeper issues that in time may become manifest in newer, grimmer forms.
{"title":"Gore Capitalism and Necropolitics in Brazil’s Malgovernance of the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Mairon G. Bastos Lima, Katerina Hatzikidi, Karen da Costa","doi":"10.1177/0094582x241311804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x241311804","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic caused massive human suffering just as much as it heightened pre-existing socio-economic and political issues. Brazil, where over 700,000 people perished, offers one of the starkest cases as Black and Indigenous lives were particularly neglected through a hands-off approach. While commonly characterized as mismanagement, we argue that the Bolsonaro administration’s strategy instead represents a case of malgovernance—where deliberate (in)action rather than technical inaptitude accounts for the policies adopted. We draw from detailed account-taking of the government’s actions (and calculated inactions) throughout 2020 to 2022 to offer an elaborate analysis of Brazil’s case through the lens of necropolitics and gore capitalism. We expose how a libertarian self-reliance ethic, with racist undertones, joined together with boundless capital accumulation to create a social Darwinist approach to the handling of COVID-19 in Brazil. The malgovernance of the pandemic thus reveals deeper issues that in time may become manifest in newer, grimmer forms.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142940272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-06DOI: 10.1177/0094582x241311824
Michelle Watts, Kristin Drexler, Bridget Kimsey, Anthony Caole
Based on 140 interviews with respondents in six Indigenous communities in Alaska, New Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala, this phenomenological study focuses on Indigenous communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using Flora and Flora’s Community Capitals Framework, as well as Emery and Flora’s concept of the spiral of Community Capitals assets, this article explores both the challenges and coping mechanisms of Indigenous Peoples. Our findings suggest that perceived well-being during the pandemic was influenced by perceptions of agency as well as sentiment regarding pandemic policies. An initial “spiraling down” of community assets was offset by community strengths, particularly socio-cultural assets, leading to a “spiraling up.” This article seeks to highlight the voices of Indigenous Peoples, demonstrating through lived experiences how our respondents used the strengths of their community to reverse the downward spiral of assets during the pandemic, while serving as a contribution to the literature on governance and cultural protection.
{"title":"Spiraling Up: Agency and Resilience among Indigenous Communities during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Michelle Watts, Kristin Drexler, Bridget Kimsey, Anthony Caole","doi":"10.1177/0094582x241311824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x241311824","url":null,"abstract":"Based on 140 interviews with respondents in six Indigenous communities in Alaska, New Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala, this phenomenological study focuses on Indigenous communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using Flora and Flora’s Community Capitals Framework, as well as Emery and Flora’s concept of the spiral of Community Capitals assets, this article explores both the challenges and coping mechanisms of Indigenous Peoples. Our findings suggest that perceived well-being during the pandemic was influenced by perceptions of agency as well as sentiment regarding pandemic policies. An initial “spiraling down” of community assets was offset by community strengths, particularly socio-cultural assets, leading to a “spiraling up.” This article seeks to highlight the voices of Indigenous Peoples, demonstrating through lived experiences how our respondents used the strengths of their community to reverse the downward spiral of assets during the pandemic, while serving as a contribution to the literature on governance and cultural protection.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142935222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-03DOI: 10.1177/0094582x241308856
Maria Clara Oliveira, Sergio Simoni Junior
How can we understand the variation in countries’ responses to the Covid-19 pandemic crisis in the context of income protection policies for vulnerable families? This article provides a comparative presentation and discussion of the measures put in place in Brazil and Chile in 2020. We argue that the similarities and differences in the strategies adopted are largely due to the trajectories both in the area of social policy, which constrain the design and implementation of emergency measures, and in the general context of politics in each country. Furthermore, our empirical analysis indicates that the explanation should not be focused exclusively on the actors present in the central government, but should also include the role of the opposition and subnational governments in shaping emergency responses.
{"title":"Income Protection for Vulnerable Groups During the Pandemic in Brazil and Chile: The Relevance of Policy Trajectories and Governance Arrangements","authors":"Maria Clara Oliveira, Sergio Simoni Junior","doi":"10.1177/0094582x241308856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x241308856","url":null,"abstract":"How can we understand the variation in countries’ responses to the Covid-19 pandemic crisis in the context of income protection policies for vulnerable families? This article provides a comparative presentation and discussion of the measures put in place in Brazil and Chile in 2020. We argue that the similarities and differences in the strategies adopted are largely due to the trajectories both in the area of social policy, which constrain the design and implementation of emergency measures, and in the general context of politics in each country. Furthermore, our empirical analysis indicates that the explanation should not be focused exclusively on the actors present in the central government, but should also include the role of the opposition and subnational governments in shaping emergency responses.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"373 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142924502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-03DOI: 10.1177/0094582x241311836
Kristi M. Wilson
{"title":"Waiting to be Processed: Bodies and Resistance in Pandemic Space-Time: The Facility: A Film by Seth Wessler (2020) and Grupo Performático Sur’s Trilogía pandémica (2021)","authors":"Kristi M. Wilson","doi":"10.1177/0094582x241311836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x241311836","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142924501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-03DOI: 10.1177/0094582x241308853
Elise Rapp
Chagas disease, a major public health concern in Latin America, has become a global public health challenge. Switzerland is considered an example in providing healthcare access to migrants, however, Chagas disease remains largely underdiagnosed in the estimated three to four thousand Latin American migrants infected. This paper discusses the sociopolitical and economic factors that contribute to the neglect of Chagas disease in Switzerland. People with irregular migration status face structural constraints that hinder their access to care. The Latin American population in Switzerland, regardless of legal status, faces health inequalities due to the lack of services providing care for Chagas disease. Through a discussion of global inequalities and neoliberal markets, this paper argues that to provide migrants (regardless of their migratory status) with the optimal level of health care, Chagas disease must be considered a local public health issue, rather than an imported Latin American disease.
{"title":"Impact of Structural Barriers on Undocumented Migrants at Risk of Chagas Disease in Switzerland: A Double Burden of Neglect","authors":"Elise Rapp","doi":"10.1177/0094582x241308853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x241308853","url":null,"abstract":"Chagas disease, a major public health concern in Latin America, has become a global public health challenge. Switzerland is considered an example in providing healthcare access to migrants, however, Chagas disease remains largely underdiagnosed in the estimated three to four thousand Latin American migrants infected. This paper discusses the sociopolitical and economic factors that contribute to the neglect of Chagas disease in Switzerland. People with irregular migration status face structural constraints that hinder their access to care. The Latin American population in Switzerland, regardless of legal status, faces health inequalities due to the lack of services providing care for Chagas disease. Through a discussion of global inequalities and neoliberal markets, this paper argues that to provide migrants (regardless of their migratory status) with the optimal level of health care, Chagas disease must be considered a local public health issue, rather than an imported Latin American disease.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142924504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-26DOI: 10.1177/0094582x241300299
Diana Tung
{"title":"Un Niño, Una Radio: Local Responses to Covid-19 in the Peruvian Amazon","authors":"Diana Tung","doi":"10.1177/0094582x241300299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x241300299","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142887424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1177/0094582x241297582
Elizabeth Borland, Barbara Sutton
Around two decades after Argentina’s 2001 crisis, the abortion rights movement flourished, becoming a powerful force against obstacles to reproductive justice in the country and mobilizing massive numbers of people from all walks of life to successfully demand the legalization of abortion. The National Campaign for the Right to Legal, Safe, and Free Abortion was launched in 2005, but the seeds for several of its key features were planted during the collective action surrounding the crisis. This study draws on 105 qualitative interviews with abortion rights advocates, feminists, and activist women in a variety of organizations in Argentina, collected in different stages between 2002 and 2020, to examine how the events of 2001 influenced later organizing. The analysis reveals two central features of the Campaign that can be traced back to mobilization in the crisis: the legacy of a style of politics centered around broad coalition building with diverse constituencies that cross social categories; and lessons about how to advance focused and strategic goals while still engaging broad sectors of society. Broad organizing can be in tension with the narrowing of goals, yet grappling with this tension is necessary for inclusive and effective action. Argentina’s social movement experience shows how activists have managed to successfully advance the targeted cause of abortion rights without relinquishing their desire and efforts to “ cambiarlo todo” (change everything) so reminiscent of the spirit of the 2001 uprising.
{"title":"Feminist Politics, Coalition Building, and Movement Legacies: Abortion Rights Activism in Argentina since the 2001 Crisis","authors":"Elizabeth Borland, Barbara Sutton","doi":"10.1177/0094582x241297582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582x241297582","url":null,"abstract":"Around two decades after Argentina’s 2001 crisis, the abortion rights movement flourished, becoming a powerful force against obstacles to reproductive justice in the country and mobilizing massive numbers of people from all walks of life to successfully demand the legalization of abortion. The National Campaign for the Right to Legal, Safe, and Free Abortion was launched in 2005, but the seeds for several of its key features were planted during the collective action surrounding the crisis. This study draws on 105 qualitative interviews with abortion rights advocates, feminists, and activist women in a variety of organizations in Argentina, collected in different stages between 2002 and 2020, to examine how the events of 2001 influenced later organizing. The analysis reveals two central features of the Campaign that can be traced back to mobilization in the crisis: the legacy of a style of politics centered around broad coalition building with diverse constituencies that cross social categories; and lessons about how to advance focused and strategic goals while still engaging broad sectors of society. Broad organizing can be in tension with the narrowing of goals, yet grappling with this tension is necessary for inclusive and effective action. Argentina’s social movement experience shows how activists have managed to successfully advance the targeted cause of abortion rights without relinquishing their desire and efforts to “ cambiarlo todo” (change everything) so reminiscent of the spirit of the 2001 uprising.","PeriodicalId":47390,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Perspectives","volume":"239 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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