Josephine Cornell, Nick Malherbe, M. Seedat, S. Suffla
Abstract:Politically violent women are regularly muted or made exceptional. Yet, underplaying women's involvement in political violence obscures the systemic nature of such violence. We employ a discursive psychology analysis of an in-depth interview with a South African woman who has been involved in decades of political activism, and identified two discourses: Gendering Politically Violent Symbols and Enactments, where political violence was wielded as a symbol, and Gendering Political Organizing, wherein feminist agencies were directed against political structures. Together, these discourses indicate how gender identity is simultaneously consistent and at odds with political identity and how gender intersects with political violence.
{"title":"Discourses of Gender and Political Violence in South Africa","authors":"Josephine Cornell, Nick Malherbe, M. Seedat, S. Suffla","doi":"10.1093/SP/JXAB005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SP/JXAB005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Politically violent women are regularly muted or made exceptional. Yet, underplaying women's involvement in political violence obscures the systemic nature of such violence. We employ a discursive psychology analysis of an in-depth interview with a South African woman who has been involved in decades of political activism, and identified two discourses: Gendering Politically Violent Symbols and Enactments, where political violence was wielded as a symbol, and Gendering Political Organizing, wherein feminist agencies were directed against political structures. Together, these discourses indicate how gender identity is simultaneously consistent and at odds with political identity and how gender intersects with political violence.","PeriodicalId":47441,"journal":{"name":"Social Politics","volume":"29 1","pages":"309 - 332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/SP/JXAB005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42539069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Why do younger cohorts in advanced democracies hold more conservative gender attitudes? Rather than understanding these attitudes as a "backlash," I argue that these represent mixes of traditional and egalitarian attitudes that ultimately reflect the gendered character of family policies. Using an original dataset of family policies, I show that policies which alleviate care burdens and encourage workforce participation of mothers are related to support for working mothers. Conversely, policies which reinforce traditional divisions of labor are linked to greaterprevalence of essentialist beliefs. Different combinations of family policies cross-pressure gender attitudes, resulting in complex groupings, or "varieties of egalitarianism."
{"title":"It's a Family (Policy) Affair: Family Policies and Heterogeneity in Gender Attitudes","authors":"Andreas Jozwiak","doi":"10.1093/SP/JXAB007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SP/JXAB007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Why do younger cohorts in advanced democracies hold more conservative gender attitudes? Rather than understanding these attitudes as a \"backlash,\" I argue that these represent mixes of traditional and egalitarian attitudes that ultimately reflect the gendered character of family policies. Using an original dataset of family policies, I show that policies which alleviate care burdens and encourage workforce participation of mothers are related to support for working mothers. Conversely, policies which reinforce traditional divisions of labor are linked to greaterprevalence of essentialist beliefs. Different combinations of family policies cross-pressure gender attitudes, resulting in complex groupings, or \"varieties of egalitarianism.\"","PeriodicalId":47441,"journal":{"name":"Social Politics","volume":"29 1","pages":"215 - 239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43231006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jasmine Gideon, Alejandra Ramm, Gabriela Alvarez Minte, Catalina de la Cruz Pincetti
Abstract:This article contributes to the discussion of gendered social policy in Latin America. Despite considerable attention to the Chilean case, few studies have provided a comparative analysis of how the articulation of gender through motherhood differs across social sectors. We contrast the case of the health sector with the examples of housing and labor market policies to demonstrate that the framing of motherhood in Chilean social policies is not uniformly articulated. We note the diverse and contradictory nature of gendered narratives and practices across the sectors and argue that it still predominantly shapes women's access to social policy.
{"title":"Protecting, Empowering, or Penalizing Motherhood? The Contradictory Treatment of Women in Chilean Social Policies","authors":"Jasmine Gideon, Alejandra Ramm, Gabriela Alvarez Minte, Catalina de la Cruz Pincetti","doi":"10.1093/SP/JXAB006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SP/JXAB006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article contributes to the discussion of gendered social policy in Latin America. Despite considerable attention to the Chilean case, few studies have provided a comparative analysis of how the articulation of gender through motherhood differs across social sectors. We contrast the case of the health sector with the examples of housing and labor market policies to demonstrate that the framing of motherhood in Chilean social policies is not uniformly articulated. We note the diverse and contradictory nature of gendered narratives and practices across the sectors and argue that it still predominantly shapes women's access to social policy.","PeriodicalId":47441,"journal":{"name":"Social Politics","volume":"29 1","pages":"118 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/SP/JXAB006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49128700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article argues that shared problematizations—shared political and public ways of thinking—legitimize policies and their outcomes. To support this argument, it examines the legitimation of gendered welfare reform in the recent U.K. context. Drawing on focus groups with the public, it provides evidence that the public’s problematization of welfare, specifically that reform was necessary to “make work pay” and “restore fairness”, aligned with that of politicians. It argues that the assumptions and silences underpinning this shared problematization, especially silences relating to the value and necessity of care, have allowed for welfare policies that have disadvantaged women.
{"title":"A Problem Shared? The Role of the Public in the Legitimation of Policy: A Case Study of Gendered Welfare Change in the United Kingdom","authors":"Laura Richards-Gray","doi":"10.1093/SP/JXAB003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SP/JXAB003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article argues that shared problematizations—shared political and public ways of thinking—legitimize policies and their outcomes. To support this argument, it examines the legitimation of gendered welfare reform in the recent U.K. context. Drawing on focus groups with the public, it provides evidence that the public’s problematization of welfare, specifically that reform was necessary to “make work pay” and “restore fairness”, aligned with that of politicians. It argues that the assumptions and silences underpinning this shared problematization, especially silences relating to the value and necessity of care, have allowed for welfare policies that have disadvantaged women.","PeriodicalId":47441,"journal":{"name":"Social Politics","volume":"29 1","pages":"536 - 559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46396788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Consensual unions in Latin America are becoming more common than marriages. We analyze the evolution of the laws recognizing consensual unions as well as those proscribing domestic violence, including patrimonial violence, for nineteen countries. While the formal property rights of married women and those in consensual unions are now similar, we show that the latter are in a more precarious position, experiencing higher incidences of intimate partner violence. In Colombia and Ecuador, the women in consensual unions also experience higher rates of economic and patrimonial violence. Drawing on qualitative research, we also explore the barriers to women in consensual unions exercising their property rights.
{"title":"Consensual Unions, Property Rights, and Patrimonial Violence against Women in Latin America","authors":"C. D. Deere, M. León","doi":"10.1093/SP/JXAB001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SP/JXAB001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Consensual unions in Latin America are becoming more common than marriages. We analyze the evolution of the laws recognizing consensual unions as well as those proscribing domestic violence, including patrimonial violence, for nineteen countries. While the formal property rights of married women and those in consensual unions are now similar, we show that the latter are in a more precarious position, experiencing higher incidences of intimate partner violence. In Colombia and Ecuador, the women in consensual unions also experience higher rates of economic and patrimonial violence. Drawing on qualitative research, we also explore the barriers to women in consensual unions exercising their property rights.","PeriodicalId":47441,"journal":{"name":"Social Politics","volume":"29 1","pages":"608 - 633"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/SP/JXAB001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44708230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Iskakova, N. Kalashnikova, Marina Onychko, R. Salikzhanov, B. Smagambet, E. Otar, Z. Abetova
This article is based on an analysis of the results of a survey conducted among 106 experts in the field of family policy in Kazakhstan in March 2020. The study results provided an expert assessment of family policy effectiveness in Kazakhstan and civil society’s role in it. The results show that experts assess the effectiveness of the civil sector in implementing the national family policy above the state: the level of efficiency is two times higher, and the level of knowledge and competencies is three times higher. In this regard, the government should interact more intensively with non-governmental organizations.
{"title":"Family Policy as a Power of Political Stability: Experience of Kazakhstan","authors":"Z. Iskakova, N. Kalashnikova, Marina Onychko, R. Salikzhanov, B. Smagambet, E. Otar, Z. Abetova","doi":"10.1093/SP/JXAA043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SP/JXAA043","url":null,"abstract":"This article is based on an analysis of the results of a survey conducted among 106 experts in the field of family policy in Kazakhstan in March 2020. The study results provided an expert assessment of family policy effectiveness in Kazakhstan and civil society’s role in it. The results show that experts assess the effectiveness of the civil sector in implementing the national family policy above the state: the level of efficiency is two times higher, and the level of knowledge and competencies is three times higher. In this regard, the government should interact more intensively with non-governmental organizations.","PeriodicalId":47441,"journal":{"name":"Social Politics","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89985232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Across welfare regimes, markets are taking the lead from states in providing public-funded health care. Concurrently, informalization of labor market activity in healthcare provision grows. Through an institutional ethnography of temporary agency and bank labor experiences in the English and Greek National Health Services, this paper unpacks how informalization emerges in political and policy environments that not only favor but also resist market arrangements. In doing so, the paper moves the debate from the dilemma of whether to incorporate market actors in healthcare provision to the comprehensive social policy question of how markets could work in healthcare provision.
{"title":"Coming to Terms with Markets in Care? Comprehensive Social Policy and Informalization of Care Provision in the English and Greek National Healthcare Systems","authors":"Thanos Maroukis","doi":"10.1093/SP/JXAA042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SP/JXAA042","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Across welfare regimes, markets are taking the lead from states in providing public-funded health care. Concurrently, informalization of labor market activity in healthcare provision grows. Through an institutional ethnography of temporary agency and bank labor experiences in the English and Greek National Health Services, this paper unpacks how informalization emerges in political and policy environments that not only favor but also resist market arrangements. In doing so, the paper moves the debate from the dilemma of whether to incorporate market actors in healthcare provision to the comprehensive social policy question of how markets could work in healthcare provision.","PeriodicalId":47441,"journal":{"name":"Social Politics","volume":"28 1","pages":"948 - 970"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/SP/JXAA042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47024898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Windwehr, Ann‐Zofie Duvander, Anne Lise Ellingsætere, G. Eydal, Živa Humer, Hideki Nakazato
Abstract:This contribution asks whether the most recent innovation of Nordic family policies, the so-called father quota, has been an object of policy learning in countries that followed the Nordic example of leave policies earlier, such as Germany, Slovenia, and Japan. Our case studies show that analyses of policy learning, especially in the social field, need to take into account the specific contexts and actor constellations in "export" and "import" countries. Rather than representing a blueprint, the Nordic father quotas have served as an inspiration within messy and fragmented processes of policy learning leading to hybrid arrangements in import countries.
{"title":"The Nordic Model of Father Quotas in Leave Policies: A Case of Policy Transfer?","authors":"J. Windwehr, Ann‐Zofie Duvander, Anne Lise Ellingsætere, G. Eydal, Živa Humer, Hideki Nakazato","doi":"10.1093/SP/JXAA041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SP/JXAA041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This contribution asks whether the most recent innovation of Nordic family policies, the so-called father quota, has been an object of policy learning in countries that followed the Nordic example of leave policies earlier, such as Germany, Slovenia, and Japan. Our case studies show that analyses of policy learning, especially in the social field, need to take into account the specific contexts and actor constellations in \"export\" and \"import\" countries. Rather than representing a blueprint, the Nordic father quotas have served as an inspiration within messy and fragmented processes of policy learning leading to hybrid arrangements in import countries.","PeriodicalId":47441,"journal":{"name":"Social Politics","volume":"29 1","pages":"190 - 214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45009542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Based on empirical evidence from the Shari’a court in Beersheba of the ratification of customary polygamous marriages, the article examines the complexity of legal recognition of second marriages and the structural conditions under which polygamy is possible in the plural legal orders that exist in Israel. Although polygamy is criminally prohibited by the state of Israel, this prohibition is not enforced among the Bedouin in Israel, where 18.5 percent of Bedouin households are polygamous. This article demonstrates how these conditions perpetuate patriarchal norms among the Bedouin under the auspices of colonial legal structures.
{"title":"The Law on the Books Versus the Law in Action: Muslim Women in Polygamous Marriages under the Jewish State","authors":"R. Aburabia","doi":"10.1093/SP/JXAA035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SP/JXAA035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Based on empirical evidence from the Shari’a court in Beersheba of the ratification of customary polygamous marriages, the article examines the complexity of legal recognition of second marriages and the structural conditions under which polygamy is possible in the plural legal orders that exist in Israel. Although polygamy is criminally prohibited by the state of Israel, this prohibition is not enforced among the Bedouin in Israel, where 18.5 percent of Bedouin households are polygamous. This article demonstrates how these conditions perpetuate patriarchal norms among the Bedouin under the auspices of colonial legal structures.","PeriodicalId":47441,"journal":{"name":"Social Politics","volume":"29 1","pages":"634 - 657"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/SP/JXAA035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42917127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Since 2018, "safeguarding" has been hailed as the answer to abuse, exploitation, and harassment in the humanitarian and development sector. However, safeguarding as a concept relies on conceptions of vulnerability, which are rarely critically interrogated. Bringing feminist, postcolonial, and critical disability studies to bear on what is conventionally viewed as an apolitical policy response, we argue that the need for safeguarding should be located within wider racialized, gendered, ableist, and geographic structures of power within which the sector is embedded. We conclude with theoretical reflections and directions for change centering intersectional and repoliticized conceptualizations of vulnerability and thus safeguarding.
{"title":"Reconceptualizing Vulnerability and Safeguarding in the Humanitarian and Development Sector","authors":"G. Daoust, S. Dyvik","doi":"10.1093/SP/JXAA040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SP/JXAA040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Since 2018, \"safeguarding\" has been hailed as the answer to abuse, exploitation, and harassment in the humanitarian and development sector. However, safeguarding as a concept relies on conceptions of vulnerability, which are rarely critically interrogated. Bringing feminist, postcolonial, and critical disability studies to bear on what is conventionally viewed as an apolitical policy response, we argue that the need for safeguarding should be located within wider racialized, gendered, ableist, and geographic structures of power within which the sector is embedded. We conclude with theoretical reflections and directions for change centering intersectional and repoliticized conceptualizations of vulnerability and thus safeguarding.","PeriodicalId":47441,"journal":{"name":"Social Politics","volume":"29 1","pages":"355 - 378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/SP/JXAA040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45573832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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