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Machinic, inadequate, entrepreneurial: Uncovering the citizen subject of the human-centric welfare state 机械、不足、创业:揭示以人为本的福利国家的公民主体
IF 2.4 2区 社会学 Q1 CULTURAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231213943
Santeri Räisänen
This article argues that in the turn towards the human-centric in Finnish welfare reform, the human is a flexible signifier which arises out of technical metaphor to stand for certain neoliberal fantasies regarding welfare citizenship, market society and the state. I situate my analysis in the preceding literature on the cultural production of the citizen in market-oriented welfare reform. Through a close reading of user representations in a governmental AI Programme seeking transform the welfare state towards human centricity, I identify three dominant articulations of the human: the machinic, the inadequate and the entrepreneurial. These articulations disambiguate the human-in-the-centre as a chimaeral fantasy representing a late-neoliberal policy regime and evince the role of the imagination of engineers in government technopolitics.
本文认为,在芬兰福利改革转向以人为本的过程中,"人 "是一个灵活的符号,它从技术隐喻中产生,代表了新自由主义对福利公民身份、市场社会和国家的某些幻想。我将自己的分析置于之前有关市场导向的福利改革中公民的文化生产的文献中。通过对政府人工智能计划中用户表述的细读,我发现了人类的三种主要表述:机械、不足和创业。这些表述将 "以人为中心 "区分为一种代表后期新自由主义政策制度的奇异幻想,并证明了工程师的想象力在政府技术政治中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Moving with affects in Finnish academia: Resistance practices of social science and humanities researchers and a possibility of change 芬兰学术界的 "随情而动":社会科学和人文学科研究人员的抵制实践与变革的可能性
IF 2.4 2区 社会学 Q1 CULTURAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231216213
Tiina Suopajärvi
This article discusses the resistance practices of the social sciences and humanities researchers who are doing small-scale qualitative research in Finnish universities. The research material was generated in three online ‘cafés’ where 22 researchers from different academic career stages gathered to share and discuss their experiences and emotions related to both their everyday work and to the effects of current research strategies on their work. The social sciences and humanities researchers felt discomfort with current neoliberal science politics, but they must, to some extent, play by its rules. However, they have found different ways to resist them, too, and this study scrutinises what kinds of resistance practices were generated in the café encounters and, further, how affects became part of these practices. Through my analysis, anxiety, anger, pride and hope came into being as the most meaningful affects that circulated through the cafés, and which fostered the resistance practices. Furthermore, with these affects, academics move towards individual or collective, but sometimes ambiguously towards both of these ways of resisting. The individual way supports the neoliberal idea of competing individuals, whereas a more collective way can open a possibility for more substantial and rapid change.
本文讨论了在芬兰大学从事小规模定性研究的社会科学和人文学科研究人员的抵制实践。研究材料产生于三个在线 "咖啡馆",来自不同学术生涯阶段的 22 名研究人员聚集在这里,分享和讨论他们与日常工作以及当前研究策略对其工作的影响有关的经验和情感。社会科学与人文科学研究人员对当前的新自由主义科学政治感到不适,但他们在某种程度上必须遵守其规则。不过,他们也找到了不同的方式来抵制这些规则,本研究仔细研究了在咖啡馆座谈中产生了哪些抵制做法,以及情感是如何成为这些做法的一部分的。通过我的分析,焦虑、愤怒、自豪和希望成为咖啡馆中最有意义的情感,这些情感促进了反抗实践。此外,通过这些情感,学者们走向了个人或集体,但有时又模棱两可地走向了这两种反抗方式。个人方式支持新自由主义关于相互竞争的个人的理念,而更多的集体方式则为更实质性、更迅速的变革提供了可能。
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引用次数: 0
How time flows making games: An ethnographic analysis of experiences of temporality in an indie videogame studio 制作游戏的时间是如何流动的?对独立电子游戏工作室时间性体验的人种学分析
IF 2.4 2区 社会学 Q1 CULTURAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231217053
Caroline Pelletier
In research on videogame production, much attention has been given, justifiably, to ‘crunch’, whereby employees in large studios work extremely long hours for months at a time prior to a game’s launch, at the request of management. There has to date been limited research about how duration and urgency are experienced at other periods, and also in the economically and culturally significant ‘independent’ (or indie) sectors and companies. This article draws on a Deleuzian framework initially developed to analyse experience of temporality in academic research, and applies it to data generated by an ethnography of a UK-based indie game studio, which examined how games are produced as part of a more routine working life. The framework enables a re-examination of how ‘passionate’ work in the cultural industries is lived day-to-day, and aims to contribute to debates about the politics of time in the games sector, offering analytic resources which expand the vocabulary for expressing desired experiences of time in game work.
在有关电子游戏制作的研究中,"紧锣密鼓 "理所当然地受到了广泛关注。在 "紧锣密鼓 "中,大型工作室的员工应管理层的要求,在游戏发布前的几个月内长时间工作。迄今为止,关于其他时期以及在经济和文化上具有重要意义的 "独立"(或独立)部门和公司如何体验持续时间和紧迫感的研究还很有限。本文借鉴了最初为分析学术研究中的时间性体验而开发的德勒兹框架,并将其应用于英国一家独立游戏工作室的人种学研究中,该研究考察了游戏是如何作为常规工作生活的一部分被制作出来的。该框架使我们能够重新审视文化产业中的 "激情 "工作是如何日复一日地进行的,并旨在为有关游戏领域时间政治的辩论做出贡献,提供分析资源,扩大表达游戏工作中理想时间体验的词汇量。
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引用次数: 0
Book review: Anne M Cronin, Secrecy in Public Relations, Mediation and News Cultures 书评:安妮-M-克罗宁:《公共关系、调解和新闻文化中的保密》(Anne M Cronin, Secrecy in Public Relations, Mediation and News Cultures
IF 2.4 2区 社会学 Q1 CULTURAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231216912
Eleftheria J Lekakis
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引用次数: 0
‘Punch up, punch down o! All I know is there is punch’: Jokes about Africa(ns) in cross-cultural contexts 打上一拳,打下一拳o!我只知道有一拳':跨文化语境中关于非洲的笑话
IF 2.4 2区 社会学 Q1 CULTURAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231216401
Izuu Nwankwọ
Jokes concurrently produce humour and offence owing to differences in cultural considerations of funniness and taboo. With growing audience diversity and online dissemination of live events, stand-up comics are exposed to increased scrutiny for irreverent anecdotes. Yet, ‘punching up’ has become an acceptable form of benign transgression. This is more so in cross-cultural contexts where differences heighten offence, because jokes do not just make us laugh but also create discomfort, especially when the joke-teller is different from us; whether it is ‘up’ or ‘down’, a punch is still a punch. Using the stand-up acts of four African diaspora comedians – Andi Osho, Dave Davis, Urzila Carlson and Trevor Noah – this essay interrogates cross-cultural joke presentation mechanics, themes and performer–audience relations to determine how and why these jokesters variously utilize punch-up jokes. Queries guiding the study include, what performance specificities do humourists enact to mitigate offence while dealing with sensitive/volatile subjects and a more diverse, political correctness-conscious audience? What is/are the relationship(s) between identity, cultural representations and jokes? In answering these questions, the emphasis is on discussing how the selected comedians craftily erect pre-determined sets of values that establish the context(s) within which the offensiveness of their ‘punch(es)’ is/are mitigated.
由于文化对趣味和禁忌的考虑不同,笑话同时产生幽默和冒犯。随着观众的日益多样化和现场活动的网络传播,脱口秀喜剧演员因其无厘头的轶事而受到越来越多的关注。然而,"出位 "已成为一种可接受的良性越轨形式。在跨文化背景下,这种情况更加严重,因为差异会加剧冒犯,因为笑话不仅会让我们发笑,还会让我们感到不适,尤其是当讲笑话的人与我们不同时;无论是 "上 "还是 "下",打人还是打人。这篇文章利用四位非洲散居地喜剧演员--安迪-奥修、戴夫-戴维斯、厄齐拉-卡尔森和特雷弗-诺亚--的单口相声表演,对跨文化笑话的表现手法、主题和表演者与观众的关系进行了探讨,以确定这些笑星如何以及为何不同程度地利用了打孔笑话。指导这项研究的问题包括:在处理敏感/易变的主题和更加多样化、具有政治正确意识的受众时,幽默表演者制定了哪些表演特质来减轻冒犯?身份、文化表征和笑话之间的关系是什么?在回答这些问题时,重点在于讨论所选喜剧演员如何巧妙地建立起一套预先确定的价值观,从而建立起减轻其 "冲撞 "冒犯性的语境。
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引用次数: 0
Book review: Zhen Troy Chen, China’s Music Industry Unplugged: Business Models, Copyright and Social Entrepreneurship in the Online Platform Economy 书评:Zhen Troy Chen,《不插电的中国音乐产业》:网络平台经济中的商业模式、版权和社会企业家精神
IF 2.4 2区 社会学 Q1 CULTURAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231218100
Pengfei Fu
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引用次数: 0
The intimate thing that makes her feel at home: An analysis of the diasporic objects of women migrants 让她感到宾至如归的贴心之物:女性移民的侨居物品分析
IF 2.4 2区 社会学 Q1 CULTURAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231214561
Hong Zeng
Accelerating globalisation and transnational migration in recent decades has led to an increasing number of women migrants. This phenomenon calls for an investigation of women’s identities as migrants. This article examines women migrants’ sense of belonging through their everyday material practices. I draw on the concept of diasporic objects to examine the material objects that women migrants take with them, which function as prisms for their relationships to their national cultures. I adopt a theoretical framework of intimacy – including national intimacy, intimate culture and diasporic intimacy – to examine how women relate to their nations via a nation–family continuum. Through an analysis of 18 women migrants’ narratives about their diasporic objects, I argue that the diasporic objects of women migrants articulate their domestic and familial life and connect them with their imagined national cultures. Their concept of ‘home’ is haunted by memories of war, patriarchal oppression and authoritarianism. I conclude by discussing how they use their diasporic objects to transform the idea of home into a rooted and transitive concept.
近几十年来,全球化和跨国移徙的加速导致越来越多的妇女移徙。这一现象要求对妇女作为移民的身份进行调查。本文通过流动妇女的日常物质实践来考察她们的归属感。我利用散居物品的概念来研究女性移民所携带的物质物品,这些物品就像棱镜一样,反映了她们与本国文化的关系。我采用了一个亲密关系的理论框架——包括国家亲密关系、亲密文化和散居亲密关系——来研究女性如何通过民族-家庭连续体与她们的国家联系起来。通过对18位女性移民关于其流散对象的叙述的分析,我认为女性移民的流散对象阐明了她们的家庭和家庭生活,并将其与她们想象的民族文化联系起来。他们的“家”概念被战争、父权压迫和威权主义的记忆所困扰。最后,我讨论了他们如何利用他们的流散对象将家的概念转变为一个根深蒂固的和可传递的概念。
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引用次数: 0
Religious migrant women as builders of the new ummah in the Netherlands: A belonging path for Muslims? 宗教移民妇女是荷兰新乌玛的建设者:穆斯林的归属之路?
IF 2.4 2区 社会学 Q1 CULTURAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231211435
Zehra Yılmaz, Pelin Sönmez
This article examines the relationship between Islam and migrant Turkish and Syrian women living in the Netherlands and their patterns of belonging, while also questioning the dynamics of identity. It reveals that religious Muslim migrants tend to exhibit their Islamic identity as a salient identity with self-representation of being Muslims. This is seen through the new ummah concept and their demands for a Sharia Council. This new definition of the ummah is discussed in terms of the sense of belonging it brings, asserting that religion cannot always function as a means of resistance, in that the religiosity of Muslims in the Netherlands is not an attempt to exclude themselves from the system, but rather a means by which they can be part of it. The article reveals that the new definition of the ummah is highly driven by migrant religious women in the Netherlands, who resist both the traditionalist and institutional understanding of Islam, while also rejecting their national ties. They aspire to create an Islamic space ( dar’al Islam) for themselves within the ummah and seek to achieve this legally through a Sharia Council.
本文探讨了伊斯兰教与居住在荷兰的土耳其和叙利亚移民妇女之间的关系,以及她们的归属模式,同时也质疑了身份认同的动态。它揭示了宗教穆斯林移民倾向于将其伊斯兰身份作为一种突出的身份,以自我表现为穆斯林。这可以从新的伊斯兰教概念和他们对伊斯兰教法委员会的要求中看出。这个对ummah的新定义是根据它带来的归属感来讨论的,断言宗教不能总是作为一种抵抗手段,因为荷兰穆斯林的宗教信仰不是试图将自己排除在系统之外,而是一种他们可以成为系统一部分的手段。这篇文章揭示了对乌玛的新定义在很大程度上是由荷兰的移民宗教妇女推动的,她们抵制对伊斯兰教的传统主义和制度理解,同时也拒绝他们的国家联系。他们渴望在伊斯兰世界中为自己创造一个伊斯兰空间(dar’al Islam),并寻求通过伊斯兰教法委员会合法地实现这一目标。
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引用次数: 0
‘Rocking the establishment’: Subculture, authenticity and the populist radical right in Sweden 震撼建制":瑞典的亚文化、真实性和民粹主义激进右翼
IF 2.4 2区 社会学 Q1 CULTURAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231212821
Melanie Schiller
This article uses the recent rise of populist radical right discourses in society as a cultural and political phenomenon to explore the role of popular music in constructing these discourses, with a focus on the Sweden Democrats (SD) and musician Peter Jezewski. By examining Jezewski’s direct collaborations with the SD and his song ‘My Land’, the article uncovers how popular music culture participates in the construction of populist discourses of ‘the people’ in nativist terms. The article contends that certain subcultural styles in popular music resonate strongly with populist discourses of a ‘silenced majority’ in need of a strong populist leader and as such contribute to the construction of the ‘people’ versus ‘elite’ antagonism beyond the political realm. The case study of Jezewski’s song and music video emphasises how nostalgic rock culture enables populist articulations by aligning with populist radical right anti-establishment, preservationist−nativist discourses and the performative construction of ‘the people’. Drawing on cultural studies resources, the article hence investigates the practices that bring ‘a people’ into existence through cultural tropes and mechanisms to better comprehend the links between articulations of populism, popular culture and subcultural performances of counter-hegemonic resistance.
本文以最近民粹主义激进右翼话语作为一种文化和政治现象在社会上的兴起为例,探讨流行音乐在构建这些话语中的作用,重点关注瑞典民主党(SD)和音乐家彼得·耶泽夫斯基。通过研究Jezewski与SD的直接合作以及他的歌曲“My Land”,本文揭示了流行音乐文化如何参与以本土主义术语构建“人民”的民粹主义话语。文章认为,流行音乐中的某些亚文化风格与需要强有力的民粹主义领袖的“沉默的大多数”的民粹主义话语产生了强烈的共鸣,因此有助于构建超越政治领域的“人民”与“精英”对抗。对Jezewski的歌曲和音乐视频的案例研究强调了怀旧摇滚文化如何通过与民粹主义激进右翼反建制、保护主义-本土主义话语和“人民”的表演建构相一致,从而实现民粹主义的表达。因此,本文利用文化研究资源,研究通过文化修辞和机制使“一个民族”存在的实践,以更好地理解民粹主义、大众文化和亚文化反霸权抵抗表演之间的联系。
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引用次数: 0
A feminism of the soul? Postfeminism, postsecular feminism and contemporary feminine spiritualities 灵魂的女权主义?后女性主义,后世俗女性主义和当代女性精神
2区 社会学 Q1 CULTURAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231208718
Ella Poutiainen
Increasingly popular ‘feminine spiritualities’ urge women to foster personal transformation and social change through spiritual empowerment and healing of ‘the feminine’. However, in spite of feminist undertones, feminism is rarely explicitly evoked, and is often even rejected. Gender scholars have debated over the ambivalent feminism of contemporary spiritualities, which are readily seen as closer to postfeminist rather than feminist ideals, or framed as a form of old-fashioned cultural feminism. While some recent analyses do explore the feminist potential of feminine spiritualities in more positive terms, the debates often lack practitioner perspectives on feminism and deeper considerations of the practitioners’ own self-definitions. Based on ethnographic interview material across Finnish and Anglo-American contexts, this article explores how adherents of feminine spirituality imagine feminism, and whether they consider their spirituality to be feminist or not and why. I argue that while practitioners hold varying, often ambiguous positions in relation to feminism, the narratives iterate shared themes that render feminism and feminine spirituality as incompatible: an emphasis on femininity over feminism, and a focus on spirituality instead of politics. Furthermore, practitioners critique mainstream feminism for being too secular, while often simultaneously agreeing with feminist criticisms of both cultural feminist and postfeminist ideals. I suggest that failing to take the voices of spiritual women into account prevents constructive dialogue and solidarity among secular and spiritual feminists as well as non-feminist women, and offers little room for emerging postsecular feminist identities.
越来越流行的“女性精神”敦促女性通过精神赋权和治愈“女性”来促进个人转型和社会变革。然而,尽管有女权主义的潜在色彩,女权主义很少被明确地唤起,甚至经常被拒绝。性别学者对当代精神的矛盾女性主义进行了争论,这很容易被视为更接近后女权主义,而不是女权主义理想,或者被框定为一种老式的文化女权主义。虽然最近的一些分析确实从更积极的角度探讨了女性灵性的女权主义潜力,但这些辩论往往缺乏实践者对女权主义的观点,也缺乏实践者对自己自我定义的更深层次的考虑。基于芬兰和英美背景下的民族志采访材料,本文探讨了女性灵性的追随者如何想象女权主义,以及他们是否认为自己的灵性是女权主义的,以及为什么。我认为,虽然实践者对女权主义持有不同的、往往模棱两可的立场,但这些叙事反复强调了使女权主义和女性灵性不相容的共同主题:强调女性气质而不是女权主义,关注灵性而不是政治。此外,实践者批评主流女性主义过于世俗,同时也常常赞同女性主义对文化女性主义和后女性主义理想的批评。我认为,如果不考虑精神女性的声音,就会阻碍世俗和精神女权主义者以及非女权主义女性之间的建设性对话和团结,并为新兴的后世俗女权主义身份提供很少的空间。
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引用次数: 0
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European Journal of Cultural Studies
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