Thunderbird International Business Review最新文献

The global surge in startup activity has led to the requirement of understanding entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) in emerging economies. This study employs a dual-lens approach to analyze the health and performance dynamics of the EE from an emerging economy-India. Delphi Technique is used to identify the elements of the EE; Best Worst Method (a multi-criteria decision-making method) is employed to quantify their contributions to the health and performance of the EE. Availability of finance, government programs, physical infrastructure, entrepreneurial culture, legal infrastructure, entrepreneurial education and training, and ease of shutting down emerge as key health factors. Innovation and research serve as a crucial mediating factor. On the performance front, entrepreneurial perception of market dynamics, intentions, value creation, networking, mentoring, perception about entrepreneurship, self-efficacy, activity, and employment opportunities emerge as influential factors. The study proposes two indices to measure EE health and performance. This standardized approach can help compare EEs, identify intervention opportunities, offer holistic industrial insights, and aid investment decisions. The existing indices, like the Global Entrepreneurship Index, do not consider the regional context and assume the contribution of all elements of the EE as equal. Our research offers a comprehensive framework for evaluating and advancing EEs in emerging economies through a weighted framework for elements contributing to the health and performance of an EE respectively.

In political crises, subsidiary-level managers of multinational corporations (MNCs) face critical decisions around managing investment risk. Given the potentially existential threat posed by political crises, this study examines subsidiary responses to political risk. The focus is on the effect of firm crisis experience, threat perception, and managerial social embeddedness on the stay-or-exit decisions. With data from senior managers of 107 MNCs in Mozambique, we test three hypotheses. We find that the crisis experience of the MNC is a significant predictor of managers' threat perceptions (H1). While threat perception positively affects the likelihood of subsidiary exit (H2), the social embeddedness of the subsidiary manager dampens that relationship (H3). Threat perception does not necessarily drive exit likelihood, as subsidiaries led by socially embedded managers with high levels of social interactions with Mozambican and foreign friends are less likely to exit. These findings contribute to the literature on subsidiary-level political risk management and underscore the significance of social embeddedness and crisis experience in shaping subsidiary resilience to political instability. For managers, these results highlight the value of fostering strong local networks and crafting flexible risk management strategies. Such insights are crucial for navigating the complexities of international markets during political turmoil.

The main goal of the article is to determine the mediating role of human resources management (HRM) outcomes in the relationships between managerial staff development (MSD) and company performance results in multinational companies (MNCs) and to establish whether there are any identifiable regularities in this scope in four types of contexts, that is, the pre-pandemic and pandemic period in the headquarters (HQs) and foreign subsidiaries of MNCs. This article presents an innovative approach to analyzing the relationship between these variables. To capture the actual relationships, the efficiency index was introduced which makes a novelty in the studies on management of MNCs. Additionally, the empirical research was conducted in MNCs established in Central Europe, which is not a frequent subject of research. The research findings show that in the foreign subsidiaries of MNCs, during a pandemic, the results in HRM mediate the relationships between MSD and company's performance results in finance, innovativeness, and quality stronger than in the pre-pandemic time. As for the HQs during the pandemic, this mediation effect was stronger when innovativeness was considered, stayed the same for quality, and decreased for finance.

This study examines the impact of national culture on the perceived required leadership competencies for the 21st century among French millennials. To capture French millennial perception, the study relies on the qualitative research methodology and on semi-structured interviews with a sample of 22 French graduate students born between 1996 and 1999 attending an elite business school in France. The findings of the research indicate that participants do share similar perspectives on leadership with other millennials around the world including the expectation for a collaborative leadership style, more human orientation, and global leadership competencies. However, they also distinguish themselves by expecting certain leadership competencies influenced by their national culture such as the need for an autocratic and coercive style, a hierarchical and legitimate approach to leadership, and the need for the leader to be charismatic. The findings of this study bring a new perspective to the generational cohort theory and show that the implicit leadership theory adds value to the study on generations and more specifically on millennials. The managerial implications are that organizations operating in France should adjust their human policies to the French millennials' perception and not have a global approach when hiring and managing elite business schools' graduates. Furthermore, it shows that an organization that implements a transformational leadership style will be more successful in attracting and retaining millennials. The main limitation of this research is that it is based on the view of millennials graduating from an elite business school in France and does not consider graduates from other fields or from other “grandes écoles”.

Existing literature indicates the untapped potential of digital agriculture technologies and interventions to revolutionize agricultural development. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive review of the present digital agriculture ecosystem and, therefore, a limited understanding. This study seeks to address that evidence gap by reviewing what has been researched about the current digital agriculture solutions in Bangladesh. The research undertakes a systematic literature review of the use of digital agriculture applications by smallholder farmers and other actors across the agriculture value chain to explore the digitalization and smart farming applications. The manuscript sheds light on opportunities for fostering digital innovations by discussing the accomplished agri-tech initiatives and challenges associated with those agriculture 4.0 technologies. The findings reveal considerable replications of digital agriculture services by various public, private, and technology companies, underscoring the necessity for more inclusive collaborations among the supply-side actors for shaping the digital agriculture infrastructure. The article suggests future areas for research probing the impact of available digital agriculture practices and to what extent those are effective in facilitating the agri-food systems stakeholders.

Prior research on social media has considerably advanced our understanding of how social media use affects international market performance. However, extant social media literature has not addressed why social media use stimulates positive results in modern cross-border e-commerce and how it evolves in the internationalization process. Overlooking the role of social media use in the above issues has limited our understanding of international business management. Drawing on the Uppsala model, this study used the case study method in the form of a cross-country comparative study including six large enterprises (LEs) and six small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from Germany, Thailand, and Taiwan, respectively. The results provide compelling evidence that the way of using social media significantly differs in cross-border e-commerce among countries, while the main internationalization process differs fundamentally between LEs and SMEs. As such, this study provides novel theoretical insights to scholars and empirical implications to practitioners.

This study explores the strategic implications of global financial market spillovers on the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE), with a particular emphasis on the financial markets of Bangladesh's key trade partners. Leveraging daily price data, the analysis focuses on major equity indices from Bangladesh, the USA, China, Japan, Russia, and India, in addition to global green and commodity indices. The study employs advanced methodologies, including value at risk (VaR), conditional value at risk (CVaR), continuous wavelet transforms (CWT), wavelet coherence (WC), and time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR). The findings reveal that while the DSE demonstrates lower downside risk relative to global indices, certain global assets, such as WTICO, exhibit heightened tail risk. The wavelet analyses underscore significant volatility and co-movements among key assets, particularly during periods of global crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia–Ukraine conflict, highlighting the profound interconnectedness between global and regional markets and the DSE. Notably, global green and commodity assets provide potential safe haven benefits for Bangladeshi investors during times of crisis. The TVP-VAR model further highlights the dynamic nature of volatility spillovers, identifying global green indices as key volatility transmitters, while the DSE retains robust internal market dynamics with reciprocal spillovers between DSE30 and DSEB. These insights suggest that Bangladesh should strategically integrate green and commodity assets into its financial markets to bolster market stability and protect investors amidst global uncertainties.