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Validity Evidence for an Observational Fidelity Measure to Inform Scale-Up of Evidence-Based Interventions 观察保真度测量的有效性证据,为循证干预措施的推广提供依据
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1177/0193841x241248864
Pamela R. Buckley, Katie Massey Combs, Karen M. Drewelow, Brittany L. Hubler, Marion Amanda Lain
As evidence-based interventions are scaled, fidelity of implementation, and thus effectiveness, often wanes. Validated fidelity measures can improve researchers’ ability to attribute outcomes to the intervention and help practitioners feel more confident in implementing the intervention as intended. We aim to provide a model for the validation of fidelity observation protocols to guide future research studying evidence-based interventions scaled-up under real-world conditions. We describe a process to build evidence of validity for items within the Session Review Form, an observational tool measuring fidelity to interactive drug prevention programs such as the Botvin LifeSkills Training program. Following Kane’s (2006) assumptions framework requiring that validity evidence be built across four areas (scoring, generalizability, extrapolation, and decision), confirmatory factor analysis supported the hypothesized two-factor structure measuring quality of delivery (seven items assessing how well the material is implemented) and participant responsiveness (three items evaluating how well the intervention is received), and measurement invariance tests suggested the structure held across grade level and schools serving different student populations. These findings provide some evidence supporting the extrapolation assumption, though additional research is warranted since a more complete overall depiction of the validity argument is needed to evaluate fidelity measures.
随着循证干预措施规模的扩大,实施的忠实度以及有效性往往会减弱。经过验证的忠实度测量方法可以提高研究人员将结果归因于干预措施的能力,并帮助实践者更有信心地按照预期实施干预措施。我们的目标是为忠实性观察协议的验证提供一个模型,以指导未来在真实世界条件下对基于证据的干预措施进行推广的研究。我们描述了为会话审查表中的项目建立有效性证据的过程,会话审查表是衡量互动式毒品预防项目(如博文生活技能培训项目)忠实性的观察工具。根据凯恩(2006 年)的假设框架,需要在四个方面(评分、可推广性、外推和决策)建立有效性证据,确认性因素分析支持假设的双因素结构,即测量交付质量(七个项目评估材料的实施情况)和参与者响应性(三个项目评估干预措施的接受情况),测量不变性测试表明该结构在不同年级和服务于不同学生群体的学校中保持不变。这些研究结果提供了一些支持外推法假设的证据,但还需要进行更多的研究,因为需要对有效性论证进行更全面的整体描述,以评估忠实性测量。
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引用次数: 0
Conditioning on the Pre-Test versus Gain Score Modelling: Revisiting the Controversy in a Multilevel Setting 前测条件与增益分数模型:在多层次环境中重新审视争议
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1177/0193841x241246833
Bruno Arpino, Silvia Bacci, Leonardo Grilli, Raffaele Guetto, Carla Rampichini
We consider estimating the effect of a treatment on a given outcome measured on subjects tested both before and after treatment assignment in observational studies. A vast literature compares the competing approaches of modelling the post-test score conditionally on the pre-test score versus modelling the difference, namely, the gain score. Our contribution lies in analyzing the merits and drawbacks of two approaches in a multilevel setting. This is relevant in many fields, such as education, where students are nested within schools. The multilevel structure raises peculiar issues related to contextual effects and the distinction between individual-level and cluster-level treatments. We compare the two approaches through a simulation study. For individual-level treatments, our findings align with existing literature. However, for cluster-level treatments, the scenario is more complex, as the cluster mean of the pre-test score plays a key role. Its reliability crucially depends on the cluster size, leading to potentially unsatisfactory estimators with small clusters.
我们考虑在观察性研究中,估算治疗方法对特定结果的影响,该结果是在治疗分配前后对受试者进行测试得出的。大量文献比较了以测试前得分为条件模拟测试后得分和模拟差异(即增益得分)这两种相互竞争的方法。我们的贡献在于分析了多层次背景下两种方法的优缺点。这与教育等许多领域息息相关,因为在这些领域中,学生是嵌套在学校中的。多层次结构引发了与情境效应相关的特殊问题,以及个体层面和群组层面处理方法之间的区别。我们通过模拟研究对这两种方法进行了比较。对于个体层面的处理方法,我们的研究结果与现有文献一致。然而,对于组群层面的处理方法,情况则更为复杂,因为组群的前测平均分起着关键作用。它的可靠性关键取决于群组的规模,导致小群组的估计值可能不尽人意。
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引用次数: 0
Do Trade and Financial Cooperation Improve Environmentally Sustainable Development: A Distinction Between de facto and de jure Globalization. 贸易与金融合作能否改善环境可持续发展?事实上的全球化与法律上的全球化之间的区别。
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1177/0193841X231181747
Mehmet Akif Destek, İbrahim Halil Oğuz, Nuh Okumuş

The adoption of growth strategies based on foreign trade, especially in the previous century when liberal policies began to dominate, is one of the main reasons for the increase in output and indirectly for environmental concerns. On the other hand, there are complex claims about the environmental effects of liberal policies and thus of globalization. This study intends to analyze the effects of global collaborations involving 11 transition economies that have completed the transition process on the environmentally sustainable development of these nations. In this direction, the effects of financial and commercial globalization indices on carbon emissions are investigated. The distinctions of globalization are used to distinguish the consequences of the two types of globalization. In doing so, the de facto and de jure indicator distinctions of globalization are used to differentiate the consequences of two types of globalization. In addition, the effects of real GDP, energy efficiency, and use of renewable energy on environmental pollution are dissected. For the main purpose of the study, the CS-ARDL estimation technique that allows cross-sectional dependency among observed countries is used to separate the short and long-run influences of explanatory variables. In addition, CCE-MG estimator is used for robustness check. According to the empirical findings, the economic growth and increasing energy intensity increases carbon emissions, but the increase in renewable energy consumption improves environmental quality. Furthermore, trade globalization does not have a significant impact on the environment in the context of globalization. On the other hand, the increase in de facto and de jure financial globalization indices results in an increase in carbon emissions, but de jure financial globalization causes more environmental damage. The harmful impact of de jure financial globalization on environmental quality suggests that the decreasing investment restrictions and international investment agreements of transition countries have been implemented in a manner that facilitates the relocation of investments from pollution-intensive industries to these countries.

采用以对外贸易为基础的增长战略,特别是在自由政策开始占主导地位的上个世纪,是产出增加的主要原因之一,也间接地引起了对环境的关注。另一方面,关于自由政策和全球化对环境的影响,也存在着复杂的说法。本研究旨在分析涉及 11 个已完成转型过程的转型经济体的全球合作对这些国家环境可持续发展的影响。为此,研究了金融和商业全球化指数对碳排放的影响。全球化的区别被用来区分两类全球化的后果。在此过程中,利用全球化事实上和法律上的指标区别来区分两类全球化的后果。此外,还剖析了实际 GDP、能源效率和可再生能源的使用对环境污染的影响。为了达到研究的主要目的,我们使用了 CS-ARDL 估计技术,该技术允许观察国家之间的横截面依赖关系,以区分解释变量的短期和长期影响。此外,还使用了 CCE-MG 估计器进行稳健性检验。实证结果表明,经济增长和能源强度的增加会增加碳排放,但可再生能源消费的增加会改善环境质量。此外,在全球化背景下,贸易全球化对环境的影响并不显著。另一方面,事实上和法律上的金融全球化指数的增加会导致碳排放量的增加,但法律上的金融全球化会对环境造成更大的破坏。法律上的金融全球化对环境质量的有害影响表明,转型期国家不断减少的投资限制和国际投资协定的实施方式有利于将污染密集型产业的投资转移到这些国家。
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引用次数: 0
Promoting Pro-Environmental Behavior in Policymaking: A Text-Mining Approach for Literature Review. 促进决策中的环保行为:文献综述的文本挖掘方法。
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-17 DOI: 10.1177/0193841X231176869
Md Abul Kalam Azad, Mehedi Hasan Ifti, Chowdhury Noushin Novera, Anh Ngoc Quang Huynh, Esra Sipahi Döngül

The impact of pro-environmental behavior on policymaking has been an exciting area of research. While the relationship between pro-environmental behavior and policymaking has been explored in numerous studies, there needs to be more synthesis on this topic. This is the first text-mining study of pro-environmental effects in which policymaking is a significant factor. In response, this study, for the first time, takes a novel approach by using text mining in R programming to analyze 30 publications from the Scopus database on pro-environmental behavior in policymaking, highlighting major research themes and prospective research areas for future investigation. Results from text mining yielded 10 topic models, which are presented with a synopsis of the published research and a list of the primary authors, as well as a posterior probability via latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA). Additionally, the study conducts a trend analysis of the top 10 journals with the highest impact factor, considering the influence of each journal's mean citation. The study offers an overview of the impacts of pro-environmental behavior in policymaking, showing the most relevant and frequently discussed themes, introduces the scientific visualization of papers published in the Scopus database, and proposes future study directions. These findings can help researchers and environmental specialists better understand how pro-environmental behavior can be fostered more effectively through policymaking.

亲环境行为对决策的影响一直是一个令人兴奋的研究领域。虽然已有大量研究探讨了亲环境行为与政策制定之间的关系,但还需要对这一主题进行更多的综合研究。本研究是第一项关于亲环境影响的文本挖掘研究,其中决策是一个重要因素。为此,本研究首次采用了一种新颖的方法,即使用 R 编程进行文本挖掘,分析 Scopus 数据库中有关决策中的亲环境行为的 30 篇出版物,突出主要研究主题和未来调查的前瞻性研究领域。文本挖掘的结果产生了 10 个主题模型,这些模型附有已发表研究的概要和主要作者列表,以及通过潜在 Dirichlet 分配 (LDA) 得出的后验概率。此外,本研究还对影响因子最高的前 10 种期刊进行了趋势分析,并考虑了每种期刊平均引文的影响。本研究概述了亲环境行为对决策的影响,展示了最相关和最常讨论的主题,介绍了 Scopus 数据库中发表论文的科学可视化,并提出了未来的研究方向。这些发现有助于研究人员和环境专家更好地理解如何通过决策更有效地促进亲环境行为。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Stroke Risk of Patients using Machine Learning: A New Perspective from Sichuan and Chongqing. 利用机器学习评估患者卒中风险:来自四川和重庆的新视角
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1177/0193841X231193468
Jin Zheng, Yao Xiong, Yimei Zheng, Haitao Zhang, Rui Wu

Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability among people in China, and it leads to heavy burdens for patients, their families and society. An accurate prediction of the risk of stroke has important implications for early intervention and treatment. In light of recent advances in machine learning, the application of this technique in stroke prediction has achieved plentiful promising results. To detect the relationship between potential factors and the risk of stroke and examine which machine learning method significantly can enhance the prediction accuracy of stroke. We employed six machine learning methods including logistic regression, naive Bayes, decision tree, random forest, K-nearest neighbor and support vector machine, to model and predict the risk of stroke. Participants were 233 patients from Sichuan and Chongqing. Four indicators (accuracy, precision, recall and F1 metric) were examined to evaluate the predictive performance of the different models. The empirical results indicate that random forest yields the best accuracy, recall and F1 in predicting the risk of stroke, with an accuracy of .7548, precision of .7805, recall of .7619 and F1 of .7711. Additionally, the findings show that age, cerebral infarction, PM 8 (an anti-atrial fibrillation drug), and drinking are independent risk factors for stroke. Further studies should adopt a broader assortment of machine learning methods to analyze the risk of stroke, by which better accuracy can be expected. In particular, RF can successfully enhance the forecasting accuracy for stroke.

脑卒中是导致中国人死亡和残疾的主要原因,给患者、家庭和社会带来沉重负担。准确预测脑卒中风险对早期干预和治疗具有重要意义。随着机器学习技术的不断进步,该技术在脑卒中预测中的应用也取得了丰硕的成果。为了检测潜在因素与脑卒中风险之间的关系,并研究哪种机器学习方法能显著提高脑卒中预测的准确性。我们采用了六种机器学习方法,包括逻辑回归、天真贝叶斯、决策树、随机森林、K-近邻和支持向量机,对脑卒中风险进行建模和预测。研究对象为来自四川和重庆的 233 名患者。研究考察了四个指标(准确度、精确度、召回率和 F1 指标),以评估不同模型的预测性能。实证结果表明,随机森林预测脑卒中风险的准确度、召回率和 F1 值最佳,准确度为 0.7548,精确度为 0.7805,召回率为 0.7619,F1 值为 0.7711。此外,研究结果表明,年龄、脑梗塞、PM 8(一种抗心房颤动药物)和饮酒是中风的独立危险因素。进一步的研究应采用更广泛的机器学习方法来分析中风风险,从而提高准确性。尤其是射频技术可以成功提高中风的预测准确性。
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引用次数: 0
Using Ecometric Data to Explore Sources of Cross-Site Impact Variance in Multi-Site Trials. 利用 Ecometric 数据探索多站点试验中跨站点影响差异的来源。
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.1177/0193841X231175549
David R Judkins, Gabriel Durham

In 2003, Bloom, Hill, and Riccio (BHR) published an influential paper introducing novel methods for explaining the variation in local impacts observed in multi-site randomized control trials of socio-economic interventions in terms of site-level mediators. This paper seeks to improve upon this previous work by using student-level data to measure site-level mediators and confounders. Development of asymptotic behavior backed up with simulations and an empirical example. Students and training providers. Two simulations and an empirical application to data from an evaluation of the Health Professions Opportunity Grants (HPOG) Program. This empirical analysis involved roughly 6600 participants across 37 local sites. We examine bias and mean square error of estimates of mediation coefficients as well as the true coverage of nominal 95-percent confidence intervals on the mediation coefficients. Simulations suggest that the new methods generally improve the quality of inferences even when there is no confounding. Applying this methodology to the HPOG study shows that program-average FTE months of study by month six was a significant mediator of both career progress and long-term degree/credential receipt. Evaluators can robustify their BHR-style analyses by the use of the methods proposed here.

2003 年,Bloom、Hill 和 Riccio(BHR)发表了一篇很有影响力的论文,介绍了一种新的方法,即用地点层面的中介因素来解释在社会经济干预的多地点随机对照试验中观察到的地方影响的变化。本文试图利用学生层面的数据来衡量地点层面的中介因素和混杂因素,从而改进之前的工作。通过模拟和一个实证例子来支持渐近行为的发展。学生和培训机构。对健康职业机会补助金(HPOG)计划的评估数据进行了两次模拟和一次实证应用。这项实证分析涉及 37 个地方的约 6600 名参与者。我们研究了中介系数估计值的偏差和均方误差,以及中介系数 95%置信区间的真实覆盖范围。模拟结果表明,即使在没有混杂因素的情况下,新方法也能普遍提高推论的质量。将这种方法应用于 HPOG 研究表明,在第六个月之前,项目平均全职学习月数是职业进展和长期学位/证书获得的重要中介因素。评估者可以通过使用本文提出的方法来加强他们的 BHR 式分析。
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引用次数: 0
A Novel Indicator to Correct for Individual Reported Heterogeneity. An Application to Self-Evaluation of Later-Life Depression. 校正个人报告异质性的新指标。应用于晚年抑郁的自我评估。
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.1177/0193841X231171965
Serena Berretta, Sara Garbin, Maria Iannario, Omar Paccagnella

Program evaluations often investigate complex or multi-dimensional constructs, such as individual opinions or attitudes, by means of ratings. A different interpretation of the same question may affect cross-country comparability, leading to the Differential Item Functioning problem. Anchoring vignettes were introduced in the literature as a way to adjust self-evaluations from this interpersonal incomparability. In this paper, we first introduce a new nonparametric solution to analyse anchoring vignette data, recoding a variable based on a rating scale to a new corrected-variable that guarantees comparability in any cross-country analysis. Then, we exploit the flexibility of a mixture model introduced to account for uncertainty in the response process (the CUP model) to test if the proposed solution is effectively able to remove this reported heterogeneity. This solution is easy to construct and has important advantages compared with the original nonparametric solution adopted with anchoring vignette data. The novel indicator is applied to investigate self-reported depression in an old population. Data that will be analysed come from the second wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, collected in 2006/2007. Results highlight the need of correcting for reported heterogeneity comparing individual self-evaluations. Once interpersonal incomparability resulting from the different uses of response scales is removed from the self-assessments, some estimates are reversed in magnitude and signs with respect to the analysis of the collected data.

计划评估通常通过评分来调查复杂或多维的结构,如个人意见或态度。对同一问题的不同解释可能会影响跨国可比性,从而导致 "项目功能差异"(Differential Item Functioning)问题。文献中引入了锚定小故事,以此来调整自我评价,避免人际间的不可比性。在本文中,我们首先介绍了一种新的非参数解决方案来分析锚定小插图数据,将一个基于评分量表的变量重新编码为一个新的校正变量,以保证在任何跨国分析中的可比性。然后,我们利用混合模型的灵活性来解释响应过程中的不确定性(CUP 模型),以检验所提出的解决方案是否能有效消除报告中的异质性。该方案易于构建,与采用锚定小节数据的原始非参数方案相比具有重要优势。新指标被用于调查老年人口中自我报告的抑郁情况。要分析的数据来自 2006/2007 年收集的第二波欧洲健康、老龄和退休调查。分析结果表明,有必要对比较个人自我评价的报告异质性进行校正。一旦从自我评估中剔除了因使用不同反应量表而造成的人际不可比性,一些估计值的大小和符号就会与所收集数据的分析结果相反。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Economic Corridor and Tourism on Local Community's Quality of Life under One Belt One Road Context. 一带一路 "背景下经济走廊和旅游业对当地社区生活质量的影响。
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1177/0193841X231182749
Shiying Wang, Jaffar Abbas, Khalid Ibrahim Al-Sulati, Syed Ale Raza Shah

Economic corridors unlock new economic opportunities and tourism development in the region to achieve sustainable development goals. Green economic growth is conducive to environmental sustainability. Economic mega-projects of CPEC promote tourism that leads to communities' well-being and better quality of life. Modern infrastructure development contributes significantly to economic growth and tourism activities. This study's objectives emphasize exploring tourism and sustainable development pursuits under OBOR economic projects that open doors to improving residents' quality of life. The growing world is an eyewitness to a continuous rise in emissions and its severe consequences for humankind. It is necessary to show off the leading factors that result in tourism and economic activities causing environmental pollution rather than blame policymakers. Undoubtedly, many studies previously focused on demonstrating the influence of socio-economic factors that lead to better environmental quality. However, the empirical literature on tourism, social well-being, foreign direct investment, and the Environment in Belt and Road developed economies needed improvement. This research applied a series of advanced estimators that help demonstrate the study's probable results. This study explores the role of Social well-being (HDI), tourism development, FDI, renewable energy, information & communication technology (ICT), and urbanization on CO2 emissions in Belt and Road (BRI) developed economies.Estimated results exhibited the significant contribution of ICT and renewable energy to sustainability. Besides, FDI contributes to emissions reduction after its threshold level. Conversely, urbanization and tourism activities contribute to environmental pollution. The study outcomes stated inverted/EKC U-shaped hypotheses related to specified economies. Finally, the analysis based on the D-H panel causality test constructs exciting results.The present study concludes that economic corridor plays a vital role in tourism development, the community's well-being, and SDGs goals (sustainable development) impact on environmental safety. The findings suggest essential and applicable policies to attain the desired sustainability level. Findings contribute to the literature on tourism, well-being, and sustainability. Further studies can use insights using this methodology.

经济走廊为本地区带来新的经济机遇和旅游业发展,以实现可持续发展目标。绿色经济增长有利于环境的可持续发展。中巴经济走廊的大型经济项目促进了旅游业的发展,提高了社区的福祉和生活质量。现代基础设施发展极大地促进了经济增长和旅游活动。本研究的目标强调在 OBOR 经济项目下探索旅游业和可持续发展,为提高居民生活质量打开大门。不断发展的世界见证了排放量的持续增长及其对人类造成的严重后果。有必要揭示旅游和经济活动造成环境污染的主导因素,而不是指责政策制定者。毋庸置疑,以前的许多研究都侧重于展示社会经济因素对改善环境质量的影响。然而,有关 "一带一路 "发达经济体的旅游业、社会福利、外国直接投资和环境的实证文献有待改进。本研究采用了一系列先进的估计方法,有助于证明研究的可能结果。本研究探讨了 "一带一路 "发达经济体的社会福利(人类发展指数)、旅游业发展、外国直接投资、可再生能源、信息通信技术(ICT)和城市化对二氧化碳排放的影响。此外,外国直接投资在达到阈值后也有助于减排。相反,城市化和旅游活动加剧了环境污染。研究结果表明了与特定经济体相关的倒/EKC U 型假设。最后,基于 D-H 面板因果检验的分析得出了令人兴奋的结果。本研究得出结论,经济走廊在旅游业发展、社区福祉和可持续发展目标(可持续发展)对环境安全的影响方面发挥着至关重要的作用。研究结果提出了达到预期可持续发展水平的基本适用政策。研究结果为有关旅游业、福祉和可持续性的文献做出了贡献。进一步的研究可以利用这种方法获得更多的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Program Evaluation’s Path to Greater Policy Relevance: Learning From Rossi’s Iron Laws 计划评估通往更大政策相关性之路:学习罗西的铁律
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1177/0193841x241238031
Douglas J. Besharov
In a 1987 article, Peter R. Rossi promulgated “The Iron Law of Evaluation and Other Metallic Rules.” The Metallic Laws were meant as an informal (and humorous) overstatement of the weakness of contemporary evaluations of social programs. Rossi’ s underlying worry was not so much about the state of evaluation technology in the abstract, but, rather, in its inability to advance our broad understanding of social problems and what to do about them---in other words, to make evaluation policy relevant. Rossi attributed the continuing failure to develop successful “large-scale social programs” to the failure to build a strong knowledge base for this kind of “social engineering.” The qualities of studies that enable such accumulated learning are variously labeled “external validity,” “generalizability,” “applicability,” or “transferability.” This Special Issue includes five papers that seek to explore and apply this understanding.
彼得-罗西(Peter R. Rossi)在 1987 年的一篇文章中提出了 "评估铁律和其他金属法则"。铁律 "是对当代社会项目评估弱点的一种非正式(幽默)的夸大。Rossi 所担心的并不是抽象的评估技术现状,而是评估技术无法促进我们对社会问题的广泛理解,以及如何解决这些问题--换句话说,无法使评估政策具有相关性。Rossi 认为,"大规模社会计划 "之所以一直无法取得成功,是因为我们没有为这种 "社会工程 "建立起坚实的知识基础。能够实现这种学习积累的研究质量被称为 "外部有效性"、"可推广性"、"适用性 "或 "可转移性"。本特刊收录了五篇论文,旨在探讨和应用这一认识。
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引用次数: 0
Go for Economic Transformation and Development in China: Financial Development, Higher Education, and Green Technology Evolution. 为中国的经济转型和发展加油:金融发展、高等教育和绿色技术演进。
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.1177/0193841X231166741
Xiaoxiao Zhou, Xinyue Hu, Mei Duan, Licheng Peng, Xin Zhao

Technology innovation is the key driving force in achieving economic transformation and development. Financial development and the expansion of higher education can promote technological progress primarily by easing financing constraints and improving the level of human capital. This study examines the impact of financial development and higher education expansion on green technology innovation. It conducts an empirical analysis by constructing a linear panel model and a nonlinear threshold model. The present study sample is based on the urban panel data of China from 2003-2019. (1) Financial development can significantly promote the expansion of higher education. (2) The expansion of higher education can improve energy and environment-based technological progress. (3) Financial development can both directly and indirectly promote green technology evolution by expanding higher education. The joint financial development and higher education expansion can significantly empower green technology innovation. (4) In the process of promoting green technology innovation, financial development has a non-linear influence on it, with higher education as the threshold. The effect of financial development on green technology innovation varies according to the degree of higher education. Based on these findings, we put forward policy proposals for green technology innovation to promote economic transformation and development in China.

技术创新是实现经济转型和发展的关键动力。金融发展和高等教育扩张主要通过缓解融资约束和提高人力资本水平来促进技术进步。本研究探讨了金融发展和高等教育扩张对绿色技术创新的影响。研究通过构建线性面板模型和非线性门槛模型进行实证分析。本研究样本基于 2003-2019 年中国城市面板数据。(1)金融发展能显著促进高等教育规模的扩大。(2)高等教育的发展可以提高能源和环境方面的技术进步。(3)金融发展可以通过扩大高等教育规模直接或间接地促进绿色技术演进。金融发展与高等教育发展共同促进绿色技术创新。(4)在推动绿色技术创新的过程中,金融发展对其具有非线性影响,高等教育是其影响的临界点。高等教育程度不同,金融发展对绿色技术创新的影响也不同。基于以上结论,我们提出了绿色技术创新的政策建议,以促进中国经济转型和发展。
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