Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100896
Leila K. Capel , Emily M. Bowers , Mercedes G. Woolley , Julie M. Petersen , Karen Muñoz , Michael P. Twohig
Misophonia is a psychological disorder that has been under researched despite the impact it can have on functioning and quality of life. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has been explored as a potential treatment option for misophonia. The process of change targeted by ACT is psychological flexibility. However, research on the association of psychological inflexibility and misophonia is nascent, as there are not misophonia-specific measures available. In this study we validated a measure of misophonia-specific psychological inflexibility, the misophonia acceptance and action questionnaire (miso-AAQ). Participants (N = 120) were from a randomized controlled trial of ACT for misophonia and matched control participants. All completed the miso-AAQ at pre-treatment. Preliminary results indicate the miso-AAQ has satisfactory internal reliability (α = .84). and validity (rs = 0.33-0.55, ps <0.05). Results also provide preliminary support of misophonia-related psychological inflexibility as a potential mediator in the relationship between misophonia symptom severity and anger and stress. Future directions and implications are discussed.
{"title":"Utility of and preliminary psychometric reliability and validity of a measure of psychological inflexibility for misophonia","authors":"Leila K. Capel , Emily M. Bowers , Mercedes G. Woolley , Julie M. Petersen , Karen Muñoz , Michael P. Twohig","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Misophonia is a psychological disorder that has been under researched despite the impact it can have on functioning and quality of life. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has been explored as a potential treatment option for misophonia. The process of change targeted by ACT is psychological flexibility. However, research on the association of psychological inflexibility and misophonia is nascent, as there are not misophonia-specific measures available. In this study we validated a measure of misophonia-specific psychological inflexibility, the misophonia acceptance and action questionnaire (miso-AAQ). Participants (N = 120) were from a randomized controlled trial of ACT for misophonia and matched control participants. All completed the miso-AAQ at pre-treatment. Preliminary results indicate the miso-AAQ has satisfactory internal reliability (α = .84). and validity (<em>r</em>s = 0.33-0.55, <em>ps <</em>0.05). Results also provide preliminary support of misophonia-related psychological inflexibility as a potential mediator in the relationship between misophonia symptom severity and anger and stress. Future directions and implications are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100896"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100891
Amanda M. Muñoz-Martínez , Yors García , Verónica Márquez-Barraquer , Daniela González-Rodríguez , Juanita Rueda
Background
Coding therapy sessions is essential for evaluating treatment fidelity and understanding in-session mechanisms of change. However, coder training often lacks standardized, replicable methods and is resource intensive.
Objective
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a video-based Behavioral Skills Training (BST) protocol to teach precision coding of Functional Analytic Psychotherapy Rating Scale (FAPRS) codes during brief clinical interactions (vignettes).
Design and methods
A randomized nonconcurrent multiple baseline design across five master's degree students was employed, including generalization and follow-up phases. BST was delivered in two components: (a) video-based instruction (v-INS) and (b) video-based modeling, rehearsal, and performance feedback (v-MRF). Participants were required to achieve a mastery criterion of 90 % precision coding during training.
Results
Four of the five participants demonstrated significant improvements in coding precision following video-based BST. Precision generalized to novel clinical vignettes and was maintained at follow-up. Between-case standardized mean differences showed large effect sizes, indicating meaningful improvements in coding accuracy.
Conclusions
Video-based BST was effective, time-efficient, and well-accepted for training coding skills in FAP, with participants achieving mastery during training. However, precision levels during post-training phases remained below the 90 % criterion for some participants. Future research should explore the use of booster sessions and extended training phases to enhance the maintenance and generalization of coding precision.
{"title":"Training to code therapeutic interactions in Functional Analytic Psychotherapy: The utility of a video-based Behavior Skills Training","authors":"Amanda M. Muñoz-Martínez , Yors García , Verónica Márquez-Barraquer , Daniela González-Rodríguez , Juanita Rueda","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Coding therapy sessions is essential for evaluating treatment fidelity and understanding in-session mechanisms of change. However, coder training often lacks standardized, replicable methods and is resource intensive.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluated the effectiveness of a video-based Behavioral Skills Training (BST) protocol to teach precision coding of Functional Analytic Psychotherapy Rating Scale (FAPRS) codes during brief clinical interactions (vignettes).</div></div><div><h3>Design and methods</h3><div>A randomized nonconcurrent multiple baseline design across five master's degree students was employed, including generalization and follow-up phases. BST was delivered in two components: (a) video-based instruction (v-INS) and (b) video-based modeling, rehearsal, and performance feedback (v-MRF). Participants were required to achieve a mastery criterion of 90 % precision coding during training.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four of the five participants demonstrated significant improvements in coding precision following video-based BST. Precision generalized to novel clinical vignettes and was maintained at follow-up. Between-case standardized mean differences showed large effect sizes, indicating meaningful improvements in coding accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Video-based BST was effective, time-efficient, and well-accepted for training coding skills in FAP, with participants achieving mastery during training. However, precision levels during post-training phases remained below the 90 % criterion for some participants. Future research should explore the use of booster sessions and extended training phases to enhance the maintenance and generalization of coding precision.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100891"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100893
Andy D. Wall, Eric B. Lee
Both traditional cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy appear to be efficacious treatment packages for adult depression based on past research. Furthermore, some of the cognitive components of these treatments, cognitive restructuring and defusion, seem to produce similar outcomes and work through similar processes, despite theoretical opposition. While cognitive defusion has been extensively studied, its counterpart, willingness, has yet to receive the same level of empirical attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to clarify the differences in treatment outcomes and processes between the cognitive components of CBT and ACT. Individuals with moderate to severe levels of depression symptoms took part in a week-long, online intervention meant to help them cope with a self-relevant, unwanted/unpleasant thought. Participants were randomly assigned to practice either cognitive restructuring or defusion & willingness by using daily thought logs. Both within-and-between subjects effects were examined and revealed that both interventions provided benefit to participants through shared processes. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed along with future directions.
{"title":"Comparing cognitive coping components: An investigation of treatment outcomes and processes","authors":"Andy D. Wall, Eric B. Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Both traditional cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy appear to be efficacious treatment packages for adult depression based on past research. Furthermore, some of the cognitive components of these treatments, cognitive restructuring and defusion, seem to produce similar outcomes and work through similar processes, despite theoretical opposition. While cognitive defusion has been extensively studied, its counterpart, willingness, has yet to receive the same level of empirical attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to clarify the differences in treatment outcomes and processes between the cognitive components of CBT and ACT. Individuals with moderate to severe levels of depression symptoms took part in a week-long, online intervention meant to help them cope with a self-relevant, unwanted/unpleasant thought. Participants were randomly assigned to practice either cognitive restructuring or defusion & willingness by using daily thought logs. Both within-and-between subjects effects were examined and revealed that both interventions provided benefit to participants through shared processes. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed along with future directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100893"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100890
Louis Busch , Albert Malkin , Jordan Belisle
Experiencing art, both as the artist and observer, plays a major role in experiencing humanity. The current paper approaches art through a behavioral lens rooted in functional contextualism, where producing and observing art are behaviors that emerge and evolve within a multilevel functional context, encompassing natural selection, operant selection, and cultural selection. At the biological level, evolutionary pressures have shaped neurological processes and physiological responses that support artistic engagement. At the operant level, relational frame theory provides insights into how language and experience transform the function of art, and, bi-directionally, how art transforms human experience. At the cultural level, art propagates shared practices and values through mechanisms like metacontingencies and cultural cusps, facilitating intergenerational transmission and societal change. Potential applications include therapeutic interventions leveraging art to promote psychological flexibility, educational initiatives fostering artistic appreciation, and community programs enhancing collective resilience. By integrating biological, behavioral, and cultural perspectives, this analysis highlights art's unique role as a dynamic, adaptive component of human life, capable of enriching and transforming individual and collective experiences.
{"title":"Art in context: A multi-level analysis of art","authors":"Louis Busch , Albert Malkin , Jordan Belisle","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Experiencing art, both as the artist and observer, plays a major role in experiencing humanity. The current paper approaches art through a behavioral lens rooted in functional contextualism, where producing and observing art are behaviors that emerge and evolve within a multilevel functional context, encompassing natural selection, operant selection, and cultural selection. At the biological level, evolutionary pressures have shaped neurological processes and physiological responses that support artistic engagement. At the operant level, relational frame theory provides insights into how language and experience transform the function of art, and, bi-directionally, how art transforms human experience. At the cultural level, art propagates shared practices and values through mechanisms like metacontingencies and cultural cusps, facilitating intergenerational transmission and societal change. Potential applications include therapeutic interventions leveraging art to promote psychological flexibility, educational initiatives fostering artistic appreciation, and community programs enhancing collective resilience. By integrating biological, behavioral, and cultural perspectives, this analysis highlights art's unique role as a dynamic, adaptive component of human life, capable of enriching and transforming individual and collective experiences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100890"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100894
L. Brooke Short, Rong Xia, William H. O'Brien
The COVID-19 pandemic was a significant stressor that posed threats to life and ways of living. The harmful psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have been well documented, but positive psychological changes can also follow significant stressors. These changes are referred to as post-traumatic growth (PTG). The present study explored how PTG may develop from a contextual behavioral science perspective. Intolerance of uncertainty and cognitive fusion were longitudinally examined as predictors of PTG from the COVID-19 pandemic in a national United States sample. Self-report data were collected from Amazon Mechanical Turk Workers (MTurk) at three time points between April and November of 2020 as part of a larger study. Results indicated that higher levels of PTS, higher intolerance of uncertainty, and lower cognitive fusion in April 2020 each predicted greater PTG in June 2020 but did not predict change in PTG the next four months. Intolerance of uncertainty and cognitive fusion interacted to predict PTG from June to November with intolerance of uncertainty predicting more growth when cognitive fusion was high and less growth when cognitive fusion was low. Cognitive fusion and intolerance of uncertainty were thus found to be significant predictors of PTG that interacted with each other and varied as a function of time. Explanations for their involvement in the development of PTG across time are offered.
{"title":"Post-traumatic stress, cognitive fusion, and intolerance of uncertainty as longitudinal predictors of post-traumatic growth from the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"L. Brooke Short, Rong Xia, William H. O'Brien","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic was a significant stressor that posed threats to life and ways of living. The harmful psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have been well documented, but positive psychological changes can also follow significant stressors. These changes are referred to as post-traumatic growth (PTG). The present study explored how PTG may develop from a contextual behavioral science perspective. Intolerance of uncertainty and cognitive fusion were longitudinally examined as predictors of PTG from the COVID-19 pandemic in a national United States sample. Self-report data were collected from Amazon Mechanical Turk Workers (MTurk) at three time points between April and November of 2020 as part of a larger study. Results indicated that higher levels of PTS, higher intolerance of uncertainty, and lower cognitive fusion in April 2020 each predicted greater PTG in June 2020 but did not predict change in PTG the next four months. Intolerance of uncertainty and cognitive fusion interacted to predict PTG from June to November with intolerance of uncertainty predicting more growth when cognitive fusion was high and less growth when cognitive fusion was low. Cognitive fusion and intolerance of uncertainty were thus found to be significant predictors of PTG that interacted with each other and varied as a function of time. Explanations for their involvement in the development of PTG across time are offered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100894"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100889
Golnaz Atefi , Wolfgang Viechtbauer , Sara Czaja , Rosalie J.M. van Knippenberg , Lieve Van den Block , Joran Geeraerts , Frans R.J. Verhey , Marjolein E. de Vugt , Sara Laureen Bartels
Objectives
Family caregivers of people with dementia are at risk of chronic stress, which can adversely affect their mental well-being. Understanding how daily stressors impact caregivers is crucial for developing effective support strategies.
Methods
This experience sampling study involved spousal caregivers of home-dwelling individuals with dementia. Data on caregivers' appraisals of daily events and their emotional and behavioural responses were collected over six weeks. The association between perceived controllability and unpredictability of events and caregivers' responses, and how these responses predicted future mental well-being outcomes was analysed using a multi-level modelling.
Results
Family caregivers who perceived events as less controllable experienced higher momentary negative affect (B = −.10, SE = .01, p < .001) and lower momentary positive affect (B = .18, SE = .02, p < .001). Similarly, more unpredictable events were associated with lower positive (B = −.05, SE = .01, p < .01) and higher negative momentary affect (B = .03, SE = .01, p < .05). These stressors were also related to reduced engagement in meaningful activities (B = −.09, SE = .02, p < .001) and lower social participation (B = −.03, SE = .01, p < .01). Greater affective reactivity to unpredictable events was linked to increasing stress (B = −24.62, SE = 12.10, p < .05) and decreasing sense of competence (B = −24.86, SE = 11.29, p < .05) over time. Within- and between-person variability of variables was observed.
Conclusion
Uncontrollable and unpredictable events seem to significantly impact some mental well-being outcomes of dementia caregivers. Future research should further investigate the cause of these stressors and whether they are dementia-specific, also using idionomic methods.
{"title":"Momentary appraisals of uncontrollable and unpredictable events predict caregiver well-being: Evidence from an experience sampling study","authors":"Golnaz Atefi , Wolfgang Viechtbauer , Sara Czaja , Rosalie J.M. van Knippenberg , Lieve Van den Block , Joran Geeraerts , Frans R.J. Verhey , Marjolein E. de Vugt , Sara Laureen Bartels","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Family caregivers of people with dementia are at risk of chronic stress, which can adversely affect their mental well-being. Understanding how daily stressors impact caregivers is crucial for developing effective support strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This experience sampling study involved spousal caregivers of home-dwelling individuals with dementia. Data on caregivers' appraisals of daily events and their emotional and behavioural responses were collected over six weeks. The association between perceived controllability and unpredictability of events and caregivers' responses, and how these responses predicted future mental well-being outcomes was analysed using a multi-level modelling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Family caregivers who perceived events as less controllable experienced higher momentary negative affect (B = −.10, SE = .01, p < .001) and lower momentary positive affect (B = .18, SE = .02, p < .001). Similarly, more unpredictable events were associated with lower positive (B = −.05, SE = .01, p < .01) and higher negative momentary affect (B = .03, SE = .01, p < .05). These stressors were also related to reduced engagement in meaningful activities (B = −.09, SE = .02, p < .001) and lower social participation (B = −.03, SE = .01, p < .01). Greater affective reactivity to unpredictable events was linked to increasing stress (B = −24.62, SE = 12.10, p < .05) and decreasing sense of competence (B = −24.86, SE = 11.29, p < .05) over time. Within- and between-person variability of variables was observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Uncontrollable and unpredictable events seem to significantly impact some mental well-being outcomes of dementia caregivers. Future research should further investigate the cause of these stressors and whether they are dementia-specific, also using idionomic methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100889"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100892
Elizabeth C. Neilson, Daniel W.M. Maitland
Loneliness—the discrepancy between actual and desired levels of social connection—is a pervasive public health concern. Research suggests that many men report loneliness and desire more intimate relationships. The Interpersonal Process Model of Intimacy posits that intimacy, the meaningful connection between two individuals, is a critical variable in preventing loneliness and develops through a bidirectional process of vulnerable self-disclosure, responsiveness, and perceived partner responsiveness. This manuscript applies the Interpersonal Process Model of Intimacy, as interpreted from a contextual behavior science lens, to contextualize the existing research on masculinity and men's social relationships to inform future research and clinical practice. We review the research on men's engagement in different components of the model (vulnerable self-disclosure, responsiveness, perceived partner responsiveness), emphasizing how masculinity informs men's behavior. Research indicates that men often do not engage in behaviors essential to a contextual behavioral model of intimacy (e.g., vulnerable emotions, distress, or asking for help) because such behaviors are inconsistent with masculinity. Research also indicates men often do not acknowledge others' disclosures or respond with judgment or confusion. Men may also perceive responsiveness as stressful due to social proscriptions regarding receiving help. We discuss implications for research and clinical interventions to ameliorate men's loneliness.
{"title":"Masculinity, social connection, and loneliness: A contextual behavioral science approach to men's social relationships and intimacy","authors":"Elizabeth C. Neilson, Daniel W.M. Maitland","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Loneliness—the discrepancy between actual and desired levels of social connection—is a pervasive public health concern. Research suggests that many men report loneliness and desire more intimate relationships. The Interpersonal Process Model of Intimacy posits that intimacy, the meaningful connection between two individuals, is a critical variable in preventing loneliness and develops through a bidirectional process of vulnerable self-disclosure, responsiveness, and perceived partner responsiveness. This manuscript applies the Interpersonal Process Model of Intimacy, as interpreted from a contextual behavior science lens, to contextualize the existing research on masculinity and men's social relationships to inform future research and clinical practice. We review the research on men's engagement in different components of the model (vulnerable self-disclosure, responsiveness, perceived partner responsiveness), emphasizing how masculinity informs men's behavior. Research indicates that men often do not engage in behaviors essential to a contextual behavioral model of intimacy (e.g., vulnerable emotions, distress, or asking for help) because such behaviors are inconsistent with masculinity. Research also indicates men often do not acknowledge others' disclosures or respond with judgment or confusion. Men may also perceive responsiveness as stressful due to social proscriptions regarding receiving help. We discuss implications for research and clinical interventions to ameliorate men's loneliness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100892"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100886
Atiyya Nisar , Richard C. Watkins , Duncan Gillard , Corinna F. Grindle , Paul A. Thompson , Jane Pegram , Richard P. Hastings
Implementation support is a key factor in the success of school-based well-being programmes. To assess the impact on children's well-being of providing additional implementation support for staff delivering a universal Acceptance and Commitment Therapy informed well-being curriculum (‘Connect PSHE’) compared to delivery without support. Twenty schools were recruited and randomised to deliver Connect PSHE with additional support (n = 10; n = 323 children) or Connect PSHE with the standard support (n = 10; n = 422 children). A two-arm, parallel-group cluster-randomised (schools as clusters) controlled trial design was utilised. Additional implementation support had no impact on the primary well-being measure (Me and My Feelings scale) at post-test (β = 0.22, 95 % CI [-0.59, 1.03], p = 0.59). Small improvements were observed in the additional support arm for two subscales of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Overall, both trial arms were associated with improvements in children's well-being. Connect PSHE is a promising well-being programme suitable for testing in additional research.
{"title":"Adding implementation support to a universal Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based school well-being intervention: A cluster-randomised controlled trial","authors":"Atiyya Nisar , Richard C. Watkins , Duncan Gillard , Corinna F. Grindle , Paul A. Thompson , Jane Pegram , Richard P. Hastings","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Implementation support is a key factor in the success of school-based well-being programmes. To assess the impact on children's well-being of providing additional implementation support for staff delivering a universal Acceptance and Commitment Therapy informed well-being curriculum (‘Connect PSHE’) compared to delivery without support. Twenty schools were recruited and randomised to deliver Connect PSHE with additional support (<em>n</em> = 10; n = 323 children) or Connect PSHE with the standard support (<em>n</em> = 10; n = 422 children). A two-arm, parallel-group cluster-randomised (schools as clusters) controlled trial design was utilised. Additional implementation support had no impact on the primary well-being measure (Me and My Feelings scale) at post-test (<em>β</em> = 0.22, <em>95 % CI</em> [-0.59, 1.03], <em>p</em> = 0.59). Small improvements were observed in the additional support arm for two subscales of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Overall, both trial arms were associated with improvements in children's well-being. Connect PSHE is a promising well-being programme suitable for testing in additional research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100886"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100888
Yash Bhambhani , Laurie Gallo , Emily O. McNamara , Angela L Stotts , Vilma Gabbay
Opioid use disorder (OUD) and chronic pain (CP) are commonly comorbid health conditions that cause significant disability, distress, and mortality. Treatment for these conditions is impacted by drop out and presence of other psychiatric conditions. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is an effective intervention to treat chronic pain and substance use disorders, however this intervention has not been systematically evaluated for treatment of comorbid OUD and CP, especially in a racially and economically marginalized population. In this paper we describe development of such an ACT manual, using an intervention mapping approach. While the manual pays close attention to opioid use and chronic pain, it includes transdiagnostic principles that target overall psychological well-being including a deep emphasis on expanding valued living. We incorporated trauma informed care, cultural humility, and harm reduction principles in the development of nine ACT skills that are easy to understand and scalable. The treatment manual centers economically and racially marginalized patients who are traditionally underrepresented in psychological research. This manual is currently being evaluated in clinical trial NCT05039554 with funding from the NIH HEAL project #RM1DA055437. The treatment manual and handouts are freely available for use and included.
{"title":"Persisting with purpose: Using acceptance and commitment therapy to target comorbid opioid use disorder and chronic pain in a racially and economically marginalized population","authors":"Yash Bhambhani , Laurie Gallo , Emily O. McNamara , Angela L Stotts , Vilma Gabbay","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Opioid use disorder (OUD) and chronic pain (CP) are commonly comorbid health conditions that cause significant disability, distress, and mortality. Treatment for these conditions is impacted by drop out and presence of other psychiatric conditions. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is an effective intervention to treat chronic pain and substance use disorders, however this intervention has not been systematically evaluated for treatment of comorbid OUD and CP, especially in a racially and economically marginalized population. In this paper we describe development of such an ACT manual, using an intervention mapping approach. While the manual pays close attention to opioid use and chronic pain, it includes transdiagnostic principles that target overall psychological well-being including a deep emphasis on expanding valued living. We incorporated trauma informed care, cultural humility, and harm reduction principles in the development of nine ACT skills that are easy to understand and scalable. The treatment manual centers economically and racially marginalized patients who are traditionally underrepresented in psychological research. This manual is currently being evaluated in clinical trial NCT05039554 with funding from the NIH HEAL project #RM1DA055437. The treatment manual and handouts are freely available for use and included.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100888"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100887
Anna Ryan , Nuno Ferreira , Helen Moffat , Maria Eugenicos , William Howson , Anna Casburn-Jones , Francesca Moroni , Perdita Stevens , Maria Wolters , David Gillanders
Background
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) significantly impacts patients and healthcare systems. While digital therapeutics show promise for IBS self-management, the feasibility of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) smartphone app remains unexplored.
Methods
This feasibility study recruited 53 participants across three UK Health Services to use an ACT app over 8 weeks. Pre- and post-treatment outcomes were assessed using standardized self-report questionnaires and analyzed with repeated-measures t-tests.
Results
Of 53 participants, 44 downloaded the app, and 29 completed follow-ups. Participants were predominantly female, with an average IBS duration of 14.6 years, and 90.9% had moderate-to-severe symptoms. Feasibility was demonstrated through successful recruitment (64% of identified eligible participants) and retention (66% of those who accessed the app). Acceptability showed variability, in terms of user engagement and attrition rates. Significant improvements were observed in IBS acceptance, quality of life, and gastrointestinal-related anxiety, though changes in IBS-related behaviours were not significant. Improvements in physical symptoms were noted but did not reach statistical significance.
Discussion
ACT-based self-help apps may benefit individuals with mild-to-moderate IBS symptoms. Recommendations include enhancing intervention acceptability through gamification, improved content delivery, and tailoring to symptom severity. Baseline screening of gastrointestinal symptoms could inform a stepped-care approach, optimizing intervention intensity. Despite limitations such as a small sample size and attrition, this study supports the feasibility of ACT apps for IBS and highlights their potential to improve access to psychological therapies while reducing healthcare burdens.
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