Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science最新文献

{"title":"The core extrusion schema, psychological inflexibility and social anxiety symptoms in Adolescents: A network analysis","authors":"Yue Chen ,&nbsp;Fei Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The core extrusion schema (CES) and psychological inflexibility (PI) significantly influence individuals’ experiences of social anxiety. Previous research has predominantly centered on correlations and regressions between PI, CES, and social anxiety, leaving a gap in understanding at the symptom level. However, investigating these symptom-level relationships may not only provide valuable insights into the dynamics among PI, CES, and social anxiety symptoms, but also point toward more targeted strategies for clinical treatment and prevention.</div><div>In this study, network analysis was employed to examine symptom-level interconnections among symptoms of PI, CES, and social anxiety in a sample of 1745 high school students. Results from the PI network highlighted the significant impact of cognitive fusion on school life, particularly how “Thoughts Hinder Performance in School” drives social anxiety symptoms. Results from both the CES network and a combined network incorporating all variables pointed to “Hiding Oneself in Socialization” and “Fear of the Real Self Being Perceived” as crucial in sustaining the co-occurrence of social anxiety symptoms, CES variables, and PI variables.</div><div>These findings may help illuminate the cognitive processes that perpetuate social anxiety symptoms and reveal precise targets for clinical intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100934"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Over and undergeneralization of behavior analytic terminology and their influence on the trouble with terms","authors":"Jennifer L. Posey ,&nbsp;Fina M. Robertson ,&nbsp;Emma I. Moon ,&nbsp;Craig A. Marrer ,&nbsp;Mark R. Dixon","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Behavior analysts rely upon the use of technical terms to communicate with one another succinctly. At times, however, they are also called to translate terminology into lay terms, which may lead toward drift if there is insufficient understanding of the technology. To explore this issue, 139 participants, comprised of 102 board certified behavior analysts (BCBAs) and 37 that were not, evaluated 24 definitions across four terminological categories, including Applied Behavior Analytic (ABA), pseudo-ABA, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and mainstream psychological term definitions. Results showed that behavior analysts ranked ABA term definitions as most closely aligned with behavior analytic principles, with pseudo-ABA term definitions ranking as the second most, and ACT and psychological definitions ranking third and fourth, respectively. Statistical analyses supplemented visual inspection of the data and resulted in significance at the p &lt; .001 level. Concerns about over and under-generalization of behavior analytic principles are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100958"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IBstressD: The effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on stress reduction in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (A pilot study)","authors":"Andréa Nicholenas ,&nbsp;Joseph Lavelle ,&nbsp;Gregory Mellotte ,&nbsp;Lisa Harpur ,&nbsp;Hugh Mulcahy ,&nbsp;Louise McHugh","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This pilot study assessed the feasibility of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), delivered through a smartphone app, <em>Psychflex</em>, for reducing stress in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Considering the significant burden posed by IBD to physical and psychological functioning and the prevalence of comorbid stress as a potential contributor to disease activity, the inclusion of psychological interventions in the treatment process has become increasingly important.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This study uses a Single-Case Experimental Design with three individuals diagnosed with IBD who were experiencing moderate to severe IBD-related stress. Over a period of 25 days, participants were exposed to ACT content daily via <em>Psychflex</em>, a smartphone application, which also measured the level of reported stress using a standardised likert-based stress scale at baseline and post-intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>These results show a significant decrease in the stress levels of all participants.</div><div>According to the statistical analyses, improvements in stress happened consistently, with a median stress reduction of −2, which is p &lt; .0001.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Despite difficulties regarding participant recruitment and sample size, the results tentatively show that ACT delivered via a smartphone might prove to be an effective supplementary treatment for IBD patients. These findings give credence to the potential of digital interventions for facilitating greater accessibility to treatment and day-to-day management of chronic health conditions. Future research could study the effect across multiple hospitals and contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100951"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing ingestible allergy safety skills in autistic children using derived relational training for effective health and safety training","authors":"Man Yan Ida Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined the use of Derived Relational Training (DRT) to teach autistic children to identify and avoid ingestible allergens. Given the limited research on interventions that support independent allergy management in autistic populations, the study assessed whether DRT could facilitate allergen recognition, refusal responses, and generalization to novel but related stimuli. Using a single-subject design, participants received a relational training intervention grounded in Relational Frame Theory (RFT), incorporating multiple exemplar training to establish A→B (allergen to reaction) and B→C (reaction to refusal) relations. The emergence of the untrained A→C relation and generalization to A→D (novel allergen) were then evaluated. Three participants, aged 5 to 12, completed baseline, intervention, generalization, and maintenance phases. Data were analyzed via visual inspection of changes in trend, level, and variability across conditions. Results indicated that all participants acquired the trained relations, demonstrated derived relational responding, and generalized refusal behaviors to untrained allergens. These findings extend the application of DRT to safety skill instruction and support its utility in teaching flexible, functional behavior in applied settings for autistic children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100945"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Derived hierarchical responding. A scoping review","authors":"Jorge Villarroel Carrasco ,&nbsp;Javier Vela ,&nbsp;Beatriz Harana-Lahera ,&nbsp;Carmen Luciano","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hierarchical networks are defined as classes of stimuli (e.g., “living organism”) that include subclasses (e.g., “plants,” “animals”), which in turn contain further sublevels (e.g., “cats,” “dogs,” “trees,” “grass”). This type of responding is relevant in domains such as concept learning, language development, psychopathology, and education, among others. It has been studied from various theoretical perspectives, including behavioral approaches. In this context, Relational Frame Theory (RFT) has facilitated the experimental analysis of such responses by conceptualizing them as derived relational responding. This scoping review analyzes 16 experimental studies that trained hierarchical networks and tested derived relational responses. The studies have been identified following PRISMA-ScR-guided scoping reviews. The review included studies that met these criteria: (1) experimental manipulation of at least one independent variable; (2) training categorization across two or more hierarchical levels; (3) testing derived or untrained responses; and (4) publication in peer-reviewed journals. The review examines training methods, network complexity, and derived responses within the networks. Of the total of studies identified, seven studies trained non-arbitrary classification responses, while nine focused on arbitrary networks. Among these, there was variability in training variables, network structure (number of stimuli, branches, among others), and derived functions tested. Overall, the literature remains scarce and fragmented regarding complex hierarchical responding, especially the derived functions across levels and branches. Future research should clarify training conditions to establish hierarchical responding and further explore its defining features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100948"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of psychological flexibility in mindful parenting during the postpartum period: A longitudinal study on the mediating effect of maternal psychopathology","authors":"Helena Moreira ,&nbsp;Tatiana Dias ,&nbsp;Inês A. Trindade","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to examine whether postpartum depression and anxiety mediated the relationship between psychological flexibility (PF)—measured through its three overarching dimensions: openness to experience, behavioral awareness, and engagement/valued action—and mindful parenting among postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, it investigated changes in postpartum anxiety, postpartum depression, and mindful parenting across two time points: before and during a lockdown period.</div><div>A total of 363 mothers of children aged 0–5 months participated in an online longitudinal study. The first assessment (T1) was conducted in December 2020, a period marked by eased COVID-19 restrictions. The second assessment (T2) took place in March 2021, during the third wave of the pandemic, which coincided with a lockdown period. Mothers completed self-report measures of PF (CompACT-18), postpartum anxiety (PSAS-RSF-C), postpartum depression (EPDS), and mindful parenting (IMP-I).</div><div>Behavioral awareness showed a significant indirect effect on mindful parenting through postpartum depression, while openness to experience indirectly influenced mindful parenting through postpartum anxiety. However, the valued action dimension did not significantly predict mothers’ mental health or mindful parenting outcomes. Postpartum depression, postpartum anxiety, and mindful parenting all increased over time.</div><div>These findings suggest that interventions designed to enhance psychological flexibility—particularly by fostering awareness and openness—could be highly beneficial for new mothers, especially in uncertain or high-stress situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, for example, may not only help postpartum mothers manage their mental health but also enhance their capacity for mindful parenting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100950"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Contextual-compassion training for borderline personality with long lasting symptoms: A randomized clinical trial” [Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 34 (2024) 2–10/100846]","authors":"Elisabet Casellas-Pujol ,&nbsp;Joaquim Soler ,&nbsp;Carlos Schmidt ,&nbsp;Anna Soria-Madrid ,&nbsp;Matilde Elices ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Pascual","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100941","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100941"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing a bifactor model of the comprehensive assessment of acceptance and Commitment Therapy Processes (CompACT) in Finnish and British populations","authors":"Ana Gallego ,&nbsp;Jaime Navarrete ,&nbsp;Simone Gorinelli ,&nbsp;Francesca Brandolin ,&nbsp;Päivi Lappalainen ,&nbsp;Nima Golijani-Moghaddam ,&nbsp;David L. Dawson ,&nbsp;Raimo Lappalainen ,&nbsp;Juan V. Luciano","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Psychological flexibility is a core concept in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, with several self-report instruments developed to measure it. One multidimensional measure is the Comprehensive Assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Processes (CompACT). This study is the first to test a bifactor structure of the CompACT providing new insights into its dimensional structure and how scores should be computed. Additionally, the study validates the Finnish version of the instrument.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from five distinct non-clinical Finnish (n = 281) and British samples (n = 690) were obtained. The internal structure of the CompACT was examined through confirmatory factor analysis. For the Finnish samples, reliability, construct validity, and sensitivity to change were also performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The bifactor structure was the best-fitting model across Finnish and British samples, supporting both a general psychological flexibility factor and three specific subcomponents: openness to experience, behavioral awareness, and valued action. The Finnish version of the CompACT demonstrated good internal consistency, strong construct validity, and significant correlations with mindfulness, well-being, stress, and depression measures. Additionally, the measure was sensitive to change in psychological flexibility following ACT-based interventions, with moderate-to-large effect sizes.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study represents a significant advancement in the psychometric evaluation of the CompACT, providing the first empirical evidence that a bifactor model offers the optimal structural representation of the measure. The bifactor structure supports, for the first time, the computation of both an overarching psychological flexibility score and subscale scores in the CompACT, reinforcing the theoretical conceptualization of psychological flexibility. These findings contribute to the refinement of psychological flexibility measurement and offer valuable insights for both research and clinical applications. Future studies should further investigate the bifactor model's added value over other established measures of psychological flexibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100952"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot feasibility and acceptability study of an online compassion-focused group therapy intervention to treat comorbid eating disorders and PTSD symptoms","authors":"Inge Gnatt ,&nbsp;Jessica L. Mackelprang ,&nbsp;Andrea Phillipou ,&nbsp;Maja Nedeljkovic","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Eating disorders (EDs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) commonly co-occur but existing treatments do not effectively address these conditions concurrently. This pilot study describes outcomes of an online compassion-focused group therapy intervention that was adapted for adults experiencing EDs and posttraumatic stress symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Twenty women and one non-binary person with an ED and PTSD symptoms (age 35.68 <em>±</em> 13.61 years) completed a 10-week group-based (five groups) outpatient compassion-focused therapy (CFT) intervention. CFT was delivered online using video conferencing. In addition to ED symptoms and symptoms of PTSD, measures of self-compassion, fears of compassion, compassionate engagement and action, shame, depression, anxiety and stress were administered at baseline (the week prior to commencement), Week 6, endpoint (Week 10), and at 3-month follow up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Across all groups, uptake and attendance was high and completion rates across the five groups averaged 86.7 %. Significant improvement was evident for all variables between baseline and endpoint, with the exception of dietary restraint and anxiety. Symptoms were largely stable or demonstrated further improvement across measures at the 3-month follow-up. All participants stated that they would recommend the intervention to others.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study provides preliminary evidence of the feasibility and acceptability of compassion-focused group therapy delivered in an outpatient setting via video conferencing. Results suggest that CFT may be an effective transdiagnostic treatment for reducing aspects of ED and PTSD symptoms. Larger trials are needed to build the evidence base for this novel, telehealth intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100946"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement invariance and discriminant validity of the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire across five Spanish-speaking countries","authors":"Rodrigo Miguel Rosales-Sarabia ,&nbsp;Camilo Moore ,&nbsp;Carlos E. Montoya ,&nbsp;Betty Peña-Tomas ,&nbsp;Sebastián Ortiz ,&nbsp;Cristian Santamaría ,&nbsp;Paula Odriozola-González ,&nbsp;Francisco J. Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>According to acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), cognitive fusion is a critical process contributing to psychopathology and behavioral ineffectiveness. The Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ) is the most used tool to assess this process and has been validated in various languages, including Spanish. However, the factorial equivalence of the CFQ across countries has been scarcely investigated, thereby precluding cross-cultural analyses of cognitive fusion. Additionally, it is necessary to explore the discriminant validity of the CFQ in relation to emotional symptoms to ensure that it assesses a distinct construct from negative emotions. Accordingly, this study examined the CFQ's factorial equivalence and discriminant validity in relation to emotional symptoms across samples from five Spanish-speaking countries: Colombia, Peru, Mexico, Chile, and Spain (total sample of 3389 participants). The CFQ demonstrated good psychometric properties in all samples, and the one-factor model showed measurement invariance across countries. The CFQ also demonstrated discriminant validity in relation to the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale – 21 (DASS-21). In conclusion, the CFQ appears to be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring cognitive fusion across Spanish-speaking countries, and it measures a construct distinct from negative emotions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100954"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}