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The long walk home: India’s migrant labor, livelihood, and lockdown amid COVID-19 漫长的回家之路:印度的移民劳工、生计和COVID-19期间的封锁
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-09-23 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2079916
Yagnya Valkya Misra
ABSTRACT Covid-19-induced curbs on movement and social distancing, imposed by governments around the world brought transportation and the economy to a standstill in many nations. In India, with its billion-plus population, it severely exposed the problems of the poor, especially millions of internal migrant workers working primarily in unorganised sectors as daily wagers (Umanath, 2020) with little or no culture of savings. When the Indian government announced its first lockdown on March 24, 2020 – factories, construction sites, offices, institutions, organisations and the sort immediately suspended all activities indefinitely, nullifying the migrant labour force’s ability to earn a living and pay bills as they were forced indoors. Then began India’s biggest migration since partition (Ellis-Petersen & Chaurasia, 2020), when millions of these migrant workers based in India’s big cities began their march home to distant villages. This manuscript reflects on this sudden reverse labour migration, demystifying the reasons for this exodus .
covid -19引发的世界各国政府对行动和社交距离的限制,使许多国家的交通和经济陷入停滞。在拥有10亿多人口的印度,它严重暴露了穷人的问题,尤其是数百万主要在无组织部门工作的国内移民工人,他们每天都在下注(Umanath, 2020),很少或根本没有储蓄文化。当印度政府于2020年3月24日宣布首次封锁时,工厂、建筑工地、办公室、机构、组织等立即无限期暂停所有活动,使流动劳动力无法谋生和支付账单,因为他们被迫呆在室内。然后,印度开始了自分界以来最大的移民(Ellis-Petersen & Chaurasia, 2020),数百万居住在印度大城市的农民工开始向遥远的村庄回家。这篇手稿反映了这种突然的反向劳动力迁移,揭示了这种外流的原因。
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引用次数: 2
A latent profile analysis of U.S. undocumented college students’ advocacy communication strategies and its relationship with health 美国无证大学生倡导传播策略及其与健康的关系分析
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2121172
M. Cornejo, Cecilia Ayón, Laura E. Enriquez
ABSTRACT Undocumented youth engage in advocacy efforts to improve their social conditions. Deploying an expanded definition of advocacy communication, this study (a) examined the heterogeneity of undocumented collegestudents' advocacy communication by identifying profiles of undocumented college students based on their participation in various advocacy communication strategies and (b) examined how these advocacy profiles are associated with health (i.e. anxiety, depression, and self-rated health). Latent profile analysis of 1277 California undocumented, mostly Latina/o/x, college students identified four profiles. Frequent advocators had lower levels of self-rated health and higher levels of anxiety and depression than infrequent advocators. Media advocators reported higher levels of anxiety and depression than infrequent advocators. Finally, organizational advocators reported lower levels of anxiety than media advocators and frequent advocators. Our study advances research on the relationship between advocacy communication and health. We provide suggestions that university staff and programs can take to support undocumented students' advocacy efforts and health.
无证青年从事宣传工作,以改善他们的社会状况。通过对倡导传播的扩展定义,本研究(a)通过识别无证大学生参与各种倡导传播策略的概况,考察了无证大学生倡导传播的异质性;(b)考察了这些倡导概况与健康(即焦虑、抑郁和自评健康)的关系。对1277名加州无证大学生(主要是拉丁裔/非拉丁裔/非拉丁裔)的潜在侧写分析确定了四种侧写。与不经常倡导的人相比,频繁倡导的人自评健康水平较低,焦虑和抑郁水平较高。媒体宣传者报告的焦虑和抑郁水平高于不经常宣传者。最后,组织倡导者报告的焦虑水平低于媒体倡导者和频繁倡导者。我们的研究促进了倡导传播与健康之间关系的研究。我们为大学工作人员和项目提供建议,以支持无证学生的宣传工作和健康。
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引用次数: 2
The human cost of chronic mindfulness in U.S. law enforcement: toward a more nuanced understanding of HRO theory 美国执法部门长期正念的人力成本:对人力资源管理理论的更细致的理解
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-09-12 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2118547
Michael Ault, Ben Brandley
ABSTRACT High-reliability organization (HRO) research has nearly always presented HRO theory positively, causing a skewed perspective that favors implementation of these principles without adequate understanding of the costs to HRO members of chronic mindfulness. This paper presents some of the costs to workers of implementing HRO theory. Without proper management, mindfulness can be exhausted when workers experience protective distortion. A phronetic iterative approach identified five consequences of protective distortion: compulsive hypervigilance, complexity avoidance, mental fatigue, jadedness, and a pathological assumption of responsibility. Contrary to unequivocal calls from HRO researchers for all organizations to implement these principles, organizational leaders should exercise mindfulness regarding how they implement mindfulness-promoting practices. We also identified four coping strategies employed by participants: avoiding, reframing, seeking professional therapy, and cathartic expressing. Those officers who were best able to avoid the costs identified above, were those who had means of testing their sensemaking through open communication with trusted others.
高可靠性组织(HRO)研究几乎总是积极地支持HRO理论,这导致了一种偏向于实施这些原则的观点,而没有充分了解HRO成员长期正念的成本。本文介绍了实施人力资源管理理论给工人带来的一些成本。如果没有适当的管理,当工人经历保护性扭曲时,正念可能会耗尽。一种phronetic迭代方法确定了保护性扭曲的五种后果:强迫性过度警觉、复杂性回避、精神疲劳、疲劳和病态的责任假设。与人力资源管理研究人员明确呼吁所有组织实施这些原则相反,组织领导者应该在如何实施正念促进实践方面进行正念练习。我们还确定了参与者采用的四种应对策略:回避、重构、寻求专业治疗和宣泄。那些最能避免上述费用的官员,是那些有办法通过与可信任的人公开交流来检验他们的理解能力的人。
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引用次数: 2
The tragedy of the open society and COVID-19 pandemic: local community resistance to neoliberal hegemony (A multispecies ethnography) 开放社会的悲剧与COVID-19大流行:地方社区对新自由主义霸权的抵制(多物种人种志)
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-09-03 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2123250
P. Sanjatmiko, Sofiatul Hardiah
ABSTRACT As COVID-19 has spread globally, so too has public knowledge about the virus, through social media. In multispecies ethnography and health communication, this open and free flow of information has led to a phenomenon called the Tragedy of the Open Society. Located in the Kampung Laut community, this study collected data through in-depth online interviews to explore this interaction between multispecies ethnography and health communication perspectives in analyzing socio-cultural and health phenomena in a dynamic global ecological system. Information circulating among the Kampung Laut community is a valuable resource that is used by some actors to gain profit even though it harms others. As fear, prejudice, and discrimination circulate in the community, the Kampung Laut community fight on the basis of a contextual and flexible multispecies ecological system to survive. This paper raises awareness of the interdependence of humans and nature within the same ecological system.
随着COVID-19在全球传播,公众对该病毒的了解也在通过社交媒体传播。在多物种人种学和健康交流中,这种开放和自由的信息流动导致了一种被称为开放社会悲剧的现象。本研究位于甘榜劳社区,通过深入的在线访谈收集数据,探索多物种人种学和健康传播视角之间的相互作用,以分析动态全球生态系统中的社会文化和健康现象。在甘榜罗社区中传播的信息是一种宝贵的资源,一些行为者利用它来获取利益,即使它伤害了其他人。由于恐惧、偏见和歧视在社区中流传,Kampung Laut社区在一个有背景和灵活的多物种生态系统的基础上进行斗争以生存。本文提高了人类与自然在同一生态系统内相互依存的意识。
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引用次数: 0
Stand down: a journal of applied communication research forum on extremism and White nationalism in the United States military 退出:美国军方极端主义和白人民族主义应用传播研究论坛期刊
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-09-03 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2128620
Victoria McDermott, Amy May, Leandra H. Hernández, Max Erdemandi, Nick Mararac, Hamilton Bean, William T. Howe, Kurt Braddock, Stevie Munz, Precious Yamaguchi, Alexa DiCamillo
ABSTRACT The spread and acceptance of extremism and White nationalism throughout United States institutions poses some of today’s most difficult challenges to national (in)security. This forum brings together scholars from a variety of backgrounds and perspectives to center communication in an effort to investigate, disrupt, and mitigate extremism and White nationalism within the United States military (USM). Ultimately, we challenge future scholars to continue this invaluable line of research so that we may continue to support the needs of a diverse combat force and mission success of the USM.
极端主义和白人民族主义在美国各机构的传播和接受,对当今国家安全构成了一些最困难的挑战。本次论坛汇集了来自不同背景和观点的学者,以中心沟通,努力调查,破坏和减轻极端主义和白人民族主义在美国军队(USM)。最终,我们挑战未来的学者继续这一宝贵的研究路线,以便我们可以继续支持USM的多样化作战力量和任务成功的需求。
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引用次数: 0
Centering survival as cultural strategy: Black newspapers’ cultural descriptions of the Coronavirus pandemic 以生存为中心的文化战略:黑人报纸对冠状病毒大流行的文化描述
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-09-03 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2120367
Sean J. Upshaw, O. Davis
ABSTRACT Black newspapers historically procure, tailor, and disseminate information for Black Americans and the communities in which they live. Examining the relationship between Black newspapers and Black communities reveals the role of cultural knowledge when faced with the prevalence of COVID-19. This qualitative content analysis explores COVID-19 news coverage from three purposely selected Black newspapers, paying particular attention to descriptions of the cultural importance and psychosocial implications of COVID-19 and the promotion of mitigation strategies for navigating the pandemic. The study reveals the selected newspapers described Black Americans’ health and racial disparities related to the pandemic and demonstrated various ways each newspaper centered vaccination and testing as a form of community resilience to COVID-19. The results further indicate that Black newspapers should be considered crucial information resources in disseminating culturally tailored information among Black Americans.
历史上,黑人报纸为美国黑人和他们生活的社区获取、定制和传播信息。考察黑人报纸与黑人社区之间的关系,揭示了文化知识在面对COVID-19流行时的作用。本定性内容分析探讨了有意选择的三家黑人报纸的COVID-19新闻报道,特别关注对COVID-19的文化重要性和社会心理影响的描述,以及促进应对大流行的缓解战略。该研究显示,选定的报纸描述了与大流行相关的黑人美国人的健康和种族差异,并展示了每家报纸以疫苗接种和检测为中心的各种方式,作为社区对COVID-19的一种抵御能力。结果进一步表明,黑人报纸应被视为在美国黑人中传播文化定制信息的重要信息资源。
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引用次数: 1
Crisis factors, emotions, and perceived informational channel significance during emergencies 危机因素、情绪和感知信息渠道在紧急情况中的重要性
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-08-28 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2114294
Sifan Xu, C. Yue
ABSTRACT Individuals’ information seeking and the role of emotions are important to crisis communication research. A survey was conducted (N = 1100) to examine the chain effects of crisis factors on college young adults’ discrete emotions and perceived channel significance. Key findings suggest that crisis factors affect channel significance both directly and indirectly. Crisis factors overall elicit more fear and anxiety (attribution-independent emotions) than anger and sympathy (attribution-dependent emotions). Uncertainty does not affect perceived channel significance, while urgency prompts individuals to seek out non-traditional media and severity affects information seeking on all channels. Attribution-independent emotions such as fear and sadness have positive mediating effects, and attribution-dependent emotions such as anger and sympathy have negative mediating effects. Finally, media richness per se may not be a prominent concern during emergencies.
个体的信息寻求和情绪的作用是危机沟通研究的重要内容。通过问卷调查(N = 1100),探讨危机因素对大学生青年离散情绪的连锁效应和感知渠道的显著性。主要研究结果表明,危机因素对渠道重要性有直接和间接的影响。总体而言,危机因素比愤怒和同情(归因依赖情绪)更容易引发恐惧和焦虑(归因独立情绪)。不确定性不影响感知到的渠道重要性,而紧迫性促使个体寻求非传统媒体,严重性影响所有渠道的信息寻求。恐惧、悲伤等非归因情绪具有正向中介效应,愤怒、同情等非归因情绪具有负向中介效应。最后,在紧急情况下,媒体的丰富性本身可能不是一个突出的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Faith and race: how African American pastors navigate dialectical tensions in collaboration 信仰与种族:非裔美国牧师如何在合作中驾驭辩证的紧张关系
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2106791
K. Leach, Gerald W. C. Driskill, Rebecca A. Glazier
ABSTRACT The African American church (AAC) is an anchor institution in disinvested communities. Retrenchment of government support has increased the need for AAC collaborative activity. Given this need, we interviewed 10 African American pastors (AAP) in Little Rock, Arkansas, a city with a long history of racial division. This purposeful sample is embedded in a longitudinal community-engaged research project that began in 2012 in order to understand and improve collaboration across congregations. This goal of this analysis was to understand the power dynamics of AAP communication in collaborative contexts. Using a critical race approach to dialectical tensions, we identified four tension framing practices: (a) dependency-independency through selection and paradox; (b) spiritual-physical through authoritative texts; (c) collaboration–non-collaboration through inclusion-exclusion; and (d) the past-present through Civil Rights icons. These findings extend theory and research by illustrating how race and faith shape collaborative processes that contribute and constrain community development praxis.
非裔美国人教会(AAC)是缺乏投资社区的锚定机构。政府支持的缩减增加了对AAC合作活动的需求。考虑到这一需求,我们采访了阿肯色州小石城的10位非裔美国牧师(AAP),这座城市有着悠久的种族分裂历史。这个有目的的样本嵌入在一个纵向社区参与的研究项目中,该项目始于2012年,旨在了解和改善会众之间的合作。这一分析的目的是了解协作环境中AAP通信的权力动态。使用辩证张力的批判种族方法,我们确定了四种张力框架实践:(a)通过选择和悖论的依赖-独立;(b)通过权威文本的精神-物质;(c)通过包容-排斥实现合作-不合作;(d)通过民权运动图标来反映过去和现在。这些发现通过说明种族和信仰如何塑造有助于和限制社区发展实践的合作过程,扩展了理论和研究。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring Multiracial identity, demographics, and the first period identity crisis: the role of the 2020 United States Census in promoting monocentric norms 探索多种族身份、人口统计和第一时期身份危机:2020年美国人口普查在促进单中心规范方面的作用
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2107401
Mackensie Minniear, A. Atkins
ABSTRACT Guided by Multiracial critical theory and actor-network theory, this study examines how the United States Census options for ethnicity and race reinforced monocentric norms (the assumption that everyone should fit into a distinct racial-ethnic category) and White Supremacy for Multiracial individuals. Five hundred and thirty-nine Multiracial young adults answered open-ended questions about the 2020 United States Census, including why they chose specific ethnic-racial categories and how they felt about the choices provided. Overall, we found that the U.S. Census stabilized monocentric norms and White Supremacy by (1) stabilizing monoracial assumptions, (2) stabilizing the exclusion of racialized groups, and (3) stabilizing Asian American stereotypes. However, Multiracial participants could challenge and destabilize these norms by filling out the Census strategically. Finally, we discuss policy implications and how social scientists, researchers, and data collection agencies can measure race and ethnicity more compassionately and comprehensively to reduce Multiracial stigma.
在多种族批判理论和行动者网络理论的指导下,本研究探讨了美国人口普查中关于民族和种族的选项如何强化单中心规范(假设每个人都应该属于一个独特的种族-民族类别)和多种族个体的白人至上主义。539名多种族年轻人回答了有关2020年美国人口普查的开放式问题,包括他们为什么选择特定的种族类别以及他们对所提供的选择的感受。总体而言,我们发现美国人口普查通过(1)稳定单一种族假设,(2)稳定种族化群体的排除,以及(3)稳定亚裔美国人的刻板印象来稳定单中心规范和白人至上。然而,多种族参与者可以通过战略性地填写人口普查来挑战和破坏这些规范。最后,我们讨论了政策影响,以及社会科学家、研究人员和数据收集机构如何更有同情心和全面地衡量种族和民族,以减少多种族耻辱。
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引用次数: 2
An employee-centered framework for healthy workplaces: implementing a critically holistic, participative, and structural model through the Equitable Food Initiative 以员工为中心的健康工作场所框架:通过《公平食品倡议》实施一种极为全面、参与性和结构性的模式
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2106579
Heather M. Zoller, R. Strochlic, C. Getz
ABSTRACT Critical scholars have critiqued workplace health promotion (WHP) discourses for extending managerial influence on workers’ lives, shifting health responsibilities to workers, and disregarding occupational health and safety (OHS) and other structural issues. This essay promotes a worker-centered framework for workplace health, featuring (1) the holistic integration of WHP, OHS, and wellness as well as economic, environmental, and consumer health, (2) substantive worker voice, and (3) structural mechanisms to support worker interests. A case study of five Equitable Food Initiative (EFI)-certified farms demonstrates how these features can be enacted in practice. EFI is a multi-stakeholder, third-party verification and consumer labeling initiative aimed at improving farm working conditions, promoting food safety and environmental stewardship, and boosting business outcomes. Although EFI was not designed as a traditional OHS or WHP initiative, the certified farms in this study model an integrated and participatory approach to employee well-being that also encompasses fenceline communities and consumers.
关键学者批评工作场所健康促进(WHP)话语扩大了管理对工人生活的影响,将健康责任转移到工人身上,忽视了职业健康与安全(OHS)和其他结构性问题。本文提出了一个以工人为中心的工作场所健康框架,其特点是:(1)WHP、OHS、健康以及经济、环境和消费者健康的整体整合;(2)实质性的工人声音;(3)支持工人利益的结构性机制。五个公平食品倡议(EFI)认证的农场的案例研究展示了这些特征如何在实践中实施。EFI是一个多方利益相关者、第三方验证和消费者标签倡议,旨在改善农场工作条件,促进食品安全和环境管理,并促进商业成果。虽然EFI不是作为传统的职业健康安全或WHP倡议而设计的,但本研究中获得认证的农场采用了一种综合和参与式的员工福利方法,也包括围栏社区和消费者。
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引用次数: 3
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Journal of Applied Communication Research
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