Materialia最新文献_第5页

Microalloy Mg-based degradation implant for intra-osteal fixation 用于骨内固定的微合金镁基降解植入物

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102258

Tingting Niu , Yange Zhang , Shengqiang Liu , Shuntao Li , Hongtao Yang , Tongtong Lu , Yong Sun , Hongxia Sun , Youde Wang , Liying Zhang , Liqun Ren , Yu Jin , Tao Suo , Rui Zan , Yimin Wang , Guodong Zou , Carlos Fernandez , Qiuming Peng

The bottleneck for Mg-based degradable implants lies in the mismatching relationship between mechanical properties and degradable rate, resulting in the rapid failure during the in-vivo degradable process and potential toxic role. Herein microalloy-conception has been involved to rectify the equilibrium effects among several aspects. Microstructure, mechanical properties, degradable properties and in-vitro/in-vivo biocompatibility properties of as-extruded pure Mg, Mg-0.15Ca, and Mg-0.15Ca-0.10Mn samples have been investigated. The results show that the Mg-0.15Ca-0.1Mn alloy exhibits a high yield strength (110 MPa) and a low degradable rate (0.82 mm/y). Attractively, the mechanical integrity has been remained in Mg-0.15Ca-0.1Mn alloy after 14 weeks in the rat femoral mode, and a homogenous degradable rate with 0.92 mm/y has been confirmed, which is basically equivalent to the in vitro value. Simultaneously, the low concentration of ions also reveals satisfactory biocompatibility equal to pure Mg, based on organ function and pathological morphology. Our findings reveal that microalloy paves a possible route to design high performance Mg-based intra-osteal fixation implants, resolving the contradictions among the degradable requirements under different body environments.

镁基可降解植入物的瓶颈在于机械性能与可降解速率之间的不匹配关系，导致其在体内降解过程中迅速失效，并可能产生毒性作用。在这里，微合金概念被用来纠正几个方面的平衡效应。研究了挤压纯镁、Mg-0.15Ca 和 Mg-0.15Ca-0.10Mn 样品的微观结构、机械性能、可降解性能以及体外/体内生物相容性。结果表明，Mg-0.15Ca-0.1Mn 合金具有较高的屈服强度（110 兆帕）和较低的降解率（0.82 毫米/年）。有吸引力的是，Mg-0.15Ca-0.1Mn 合金在大鼠股骨模型中使用 14 周后仍能保持机械完整性，并证实其均匀降解率为 0.92 mm/y，与体外值基本相当。同时，根据器官功能和病理形态，低浓度离子也显示出与纯镁相同的令人满意的生物相容性。我们的研究结果表明，微合金为设计高性能的镁基骨膜内固定植入物铺平了道路，解决了不同机体环境下可降解要求之间的矛盾。

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引用次数: 0

A novel approach to fabricate Fe-based thin film metallic glass with commercial boron carbide and AISI M42 tool steel 用商用碳化硼和 AISI M42 工具钢制造铁基薄膜金属玻璃的新方法

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102255

Sung-Tsun Wang , Jhen-De You , Bo-you Chen , Chun-Wei Chen , Jinn P. Chu , Pakman Yiu

In this study, we report a Fe-based thin film metallic glass (Fe-Cr-Mo-C-B-X TFMG) fabricated by magnetron sputtering with commercial boron carbide (B₄C) target and AISI M42 tool steel pellets. Varied number of M42 pellets were co-sputtered with B₄C target, resulting in Fe content ranged from 48.1 at% to 62.8 at%. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirmed that all sample films were amorphous. All samples showed glass transition and crystallization in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), similar to typical metallic glasses. However, glass transition was barely observable in B4m owing to its high oxygen content. The sample films also had extremely low surface roughness of 0.14 – 0.26 nm. The sample films also showed tribological properties comparable to conventionally deposited TFMG, where the highest hardness and reduced modulus obtained was 9.0 GPa and 150.8 GPa respectively. The sample films also demonstrated specific wear rate K₀ as low as 1.6 × 10^–5 mm³Nm^-1. Our work demonstrates a more cost-effective and sustainable way of fabricating Fe-based TFMG, in which both AISI M42 are readily available and can be easily recycled after use.

在这项研究中，我们报告了一种铁基薄膜金属玻璃（Fe-Cr-Mo-C-B-X TFMG），它是用商用碳化硼（B4C）靶材和 AISI M42 工具钢丸料通过磁控溅射制造的。不同数量的 M42 钢丸与 B4C 靶材共同溅射，导致铁含量从 48.1 at% 到 62.8 at% 不等。X 射线衍射和透射电子显微镜证实，所有样品薄膜都是无定形的。在差示扫描量热法（DSC）中，所有样品都出现了玻璃化转变和结晶现象，与典型的金属玻璃类似。不过，由于 B4m 的含氧量较高，几乎观察不到玻璃化转变。样品薄膜的表面粗糙度也极低，仅为 0.14 - 0.26 nm。样品薄膜还显示出与传统沉积 TFMG 相当的摩擦学特性，其中获得的最高硬度和还原模量分别为 9.0 GPa 和 150.8 GPa。样品薄膜的比磨损率 K0 也低至 1.6 × 10-5 mm3Nm-1。我们的工作展示了一种更具成本效益和可持续性的制造铁基 TFMG 的方法，其中 AISI M42 都很容易获得，使用后也很容易回收。

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引用次数: 0

On the precipitation and transformation kinetics of precipitation-hardening steel X5CrNiCuNb16-4 in a wide range of heating and cooling rates 宽范围加热和冷却速率下沉淀硬化钢 X5CrNiCuNb16-4 的析出和转变动力学研究

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102254

Benjamin Milkereit , Christian Rowolt , Dipanwita Chatterjee , Randi Holmestad , Ruben Bjørge , Matteo Villa , Frank Niessen , Andreas Stark , Frédéric De Geuser , Olaf Kessler

In this work, the transformation and dissolution/precipitation behaviour of the soft martensitic, precipitation-hardening steel X5CrNiCuNb16-4 (often referred to as 17–4 PH or AISI 630) has been investigated by various analytical in situ techniques. First, austenite formation during the heating stage of a solution treatment (or austenitization) is examined. Subsequently, a major part of this work evaluates precipitation during cooling from the solution treatment (i.e., the quench-induced precipitation of Cu-rich particles). The following analytical in situ techniques were utilised: synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction, synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and dilatometry. These were complemented by ex situ high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy on as-quenched samples after various cooling rates. The continuous heating transformation and continuous cooling transformation diagrams have been updated. Contrary to previous reports, X5CrNiCuNb16-4 is rather quench sensitive and the final properties after ageing degrade if cooling is done slower than a certain critical cooling rate. Quench-induced Cu-rich precipitation happens in two reactions: a larger, nearly pure Cu face-centred cubic phase forms at higher temperatures, while at medium temperatures, spherical Cu-rich nanoparticles form, which are found to be body-centred cubic at room temperature. The dimensions of the quench-induced particles range from several µm after cooling at 0.0001 K s^-1 down to just a few nm after cooling at 1 K s^-1. The maximum age hardening potential of X5CrNiCuNb16-4 can be exploited if a fully supersaturated solid solution is reached at cooling rates above the critical cooling rate of about 10 K s^-1.

在这项工作中，采用各种原位分析技术研究了软马氏体沉淀硬化钢 X5CrNiCuNb16-4（通常称为 17-4 PH 或 AISI 630）的转变和溶解/沉淀行为。首先，研究了固溶处理（或奥氏体化）加热阶段奥氏体的形成。随后，这项工作的主要部分是评估固溶处理冷却过程中的沉淀（即淬火诱发的富铜颗粒沉淀）。采用了以下原位分析技术：同步辐射高能 X 射线衍射、同步辐射小角 X 射线散射、差示扫描量热和膨胀测量。此外，还采用了高角度环形暗场扫描透射电子显微镜和能量色散 X 射线光谱法，对不同冷却速率后的淬火样品进行了分析。连续加热转化图和连续冷却转化图已经更新。与之前的报告相反，X5CrNiCuNb16-4 对淬火相当敏感，如果冷却速度慢于某个临界冷却速度，则老化后的最终性能会下降。淬火诱导的富铜析出分为两种反应：在较高温度下形成较大的、近乎纯铜的面心立方相，而在中等温度下则形成球形富铜纳米颗粒，在室温下为体心立方相。淬火诱导颗粒的尺寸范围从以 0.0001 K s-1 冷却后的几微米到以 1 K s-1 冷却后的几纳米不等。如果在冷却速率高于临界冷却速率（约 10 K s-1）时达到完全过饱和固溶体，则可利用 X5CrNiCuNb16-4 的最大时效硬化潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Tensile properties and work hardening in Al0.3CoCrFeNi: The role of L12 precipitates and grain size Al0.3CoCrFeNi 的拉伸性能和加工硬化：L12析出物和晶粒大小的作用

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102250

Stéphane Gorsse , Florian Peyrouzet , Thierry Baffie , Christelle Navone , Julie Maisonneuve , François Saint-Antonin , Marion Descoins , Khalid Hoummada , Rajarshi Barnerjee , An-Chou Yeh , Mohamed Gouné

In this study, we investigate the FCC-Al_0.3CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy fabricated via spark plasma sintering of atomized powders, focusing on its mechanical and work-hardening properties across three distinct microstructures: coarse-grained, fine-grained, and fine-grained with L1₂ nano-precipitates. Using a dislocation density-based model, we analyze the effects of grain size and L1₂ precipitates on these properties, achieving quantitative agreement between model predictions and experimental tensile and work-hardening behaviors. This exploration highlights the underlying deformation mechanisms at room temperature and their contributions to the strength/ductility trade-off. Significantly, our analysis reveals that twinning in HEAs manifests differently from that observed in steels. Furthermore, the incorporation of L1₂ precipitates emerges as a critical factor enhancing the alloy's mechanical attributes. Our findings underscore the essential roles of microstructural parameters in tailoring the mechanical properties of HEAs, offering insights that could guide the design of advanced alloys with optimized performance.

在本研究中，我们研究了通过雾化粉末的火花等离子烧结制造的 FCC-Al0.3CoCrFeNi 高熵合金，重点研究了其在三种不同微观结构（粗晶粒、细晶粒和带有 L12 纳米析出物的细晶粒）下的机械性能和加工硬化性能。利用基于位错密度的模型，我们分析了晶粒大小和 L12 沉淀物对这些性能的影响，实现了模型预测与实验拉伸和加工硬化行为之间的定量一致。这一探索凸显了室温下的基本变形机制及其对强度/电导率权衡的贡献。值得注意的是，我们的分析表明，HEAs 中的孪生现象与钢中观察到的孪生现象不同。此外，L12 沉淀物的加入是增强合金机械属性的关键因素。我们的研究结果强调了微结构参数在定制 HEAs 机械性能中的重要作用，为设计具有优化性能的先进合金提供了指导。

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引用次数: 0

The cruciality of particle size and shape on fracture mechanism of aluminum matrix composites 粒度和粒形对铝基复合材料断裂机制的关键作用

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102252

Guodong Zhang , Bo Cui , Qianduo Zhuang , Kang Wang , Zan Li , Di Zhang

Metal matrix composites are generally believed to achieve better performance with spherical reinforcements than irregular ones. In this work, through experiments and computational simulations, we have demonstrated that spherical reinforcements do not necessarily enhance the tensile ductility of composites. There exists a critical size for spherical particles. Using an Al₂O₃-Al2024 composite as an example, we found that when the size of spherical Al₂O₃ particles is less than 3 µm, they are not fractured during deformation, resulting in enhanced ductility. We elucidated the competitive mechanism between particle and matrix fracture under various reinforcement sizes and volume fractions, and constructed a deformation map that can be utilized to determine fracture mechanisms. This work clarifies the micro-mechanical mechanisms of reinforcements on material fracture behavior, providing guidance for the design and fabrication of strong and ductile metal matrix composites.

一般认为，金属基复合材料的球形增强体比不规则增强体具有更好的性能。在这项工作中，我们通过实验和计算模拟证明，球形增强体并不一定能提高复合材料的拉伸延展性。球形颗粒存在一个临界尺寸。以 Al2O3-Al2024 复合材料为例，我们发现当球形 Al2O3 颗粒的尺寸小于 3 µm 时，它们在变形过程中不会断裂，从而增强了延展性。我们阐明了不同增强尺寸和体积分数下颗粒和基体断裂之间的竞争机制，并构建了可用于确定断裂机制的变形图。这项研究阐明了增强材料断裂行为的微观力学机制，为设计和制造强度高、延展性好的金属基复合材料提供了指导。

引用次数: 0

Severe plastic deformation of Mn-Al permanent magnets 锰铝永磁体的严重塑性变形

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102251

Thomas Keller , Gheorghe Gurau , Ian Baker

Manganese-aluminum permanent magnets are promising candidates to fill the cost and performance gap between lower-performance bonded ferrites and high-performance magnets based on rare-earth elements. This is due to the favorable combination of saturation magnetization and magnetocrystalline anisotropy in the Mn-Al τ phase combined with low raw material cost. However, the τ phase is metastable and prone to decomposition at high temperatures, making processing by conventional milling and sintering difficult. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is an alternative processing route to control the microstructure of a material by applying very high amounts of strain. In this study, equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE) and high-speed high-pressure torsion (HS-HPT) were both tested as SPD processing routes. ECAE improved magnetic energy product, (BH)_max, by 220 % by refining the grain size and imparting a high density of dislocations. HS-HPT enabled a rapid phase transformation from the high-temperature ε phase to the τ phase but lowered H_ci, making it better suited to soft magnet processing.

锰铝永磁体有望填补低性能粘结铁氧体与基于稀土元素的高性能磁体之间的成本和性能差距。这是因为锰铝τ相具有饱和磁化和磁晶各向异性的有利组合，而且原材料成本低。然而，τ 相在高温下易变且易分解，因此难以采用传统的铣削和烧结工艺进行加工。严重塑性变形（SPD）是通过施加极高的应变来控制材料微观结构的另一种加工方法。在这项研究中，等通道角挤压（ECAE）和高速高压扭转（HS-HPT）都作为 SPD 加工途径进行了测试。ECAE 通过细化晶粒尺寸和赋予高密度位错，将磁能积 (BH)max 提高了 220%。HS-HPT 实现了从高温 ε 相到 τ 相的快速相变，但降低了 Hci，因此更适合软磁加工。

引用次数: 0

Bi-functional hydrogen tungsten bronze/carbon composite catalysts towards biomass conversion and solar water purification 用于生物质转化和太阳能水净化的双功能氢钨青铜/碳复合催化剂

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102249

Akitaka Yabuki , Kunihiko Kato , Yunzi Xin , Yuping Xu , Takashi Shirai

We presented a novel bi-functional catalyst composed of H_xWO₃ and carbon composites, which exhibits excellent catalytic activity in biomass conversion and can effectively purify water via a wide range of wavelengths in the light spectrum. The H_xWO₃/carbon composites were effectively produced from commercially available monoclinic tungsten trioxide (WO₃) and polypropylene (PP) powders to a single-step mechanochemical reaction employing high-energy ball milling. We systemically investigated how different synthesis parameters, such as rotation speed, processing duration, and ball diameter, affect the mechanochemically-induced phase transformation to either tetragonal or cubic H_xWO₃ during planetary ball milling. The crystal phase of H_xWO₃ was controllable by altering the total impact energy in the ball milling. In addition, real-time monitoring of the pressure increment inside the pot and evaluation of the evolved gas revealed the degassing behavior through the oxidative degradation of PP assisted by WO₃. The CV and Rietveld analysis proved that H_xWO₃ exhibited significant enhancement by two orders of magnitude in the rate of H⁺ diffusion compared to monoclinic WO₃. This enhancement would be attributed to the expansion of a mechanically-formed tunnel along the a-axis, which facilitates the migration of H⁺ ions. The H_xWO₃/carbon composites performed approximately 12-fold higher efficiency in generating soluble solids (glucose and furfural derivatives) compared to untreated WO₃ through the catalytic hydrolysis of cellulose, owing to the enhanced Brønsted acidity. Moreover, the composite particles showed broad light absorption in the UV–Vis–NIR range and demonstrated a considerable enhancement of over three orders of magnitude in the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange pollutants when exposed to NIR and visible light.

我们提出了一种由 HxWO3 和碳复合材料组成的新型双功能催化剂，它在生物质转化中表现出优异的催化活性，并能通过光谱中的宽波长有效净化水。HxWO3/ 碳复合材料是由市售的单斜三氧化钨（WO3）和聚丙烯（PP）粉末通过高能球磨一步机械化学反应有效制得的。我们系统地研究了不同的合成参数，如转速、加工持续时间和球直径，如何影响行星球磨过程中机械化学诱导的向四方或立方 HxWO3 的相变。通过改变球磨过程中的总冲击能量，可以控制 HxWO3 的晶相。此外，对罐内压力增量的实时监测和对挥发气体的评估揭示了 WO3 在 PP 氧化降解过程中的脱气行为。CV 和里特维尔德分析证明，与单斜 WO3 相比，HxWO3 的 H+ 扩散速率显著提高了两个数量级。这种提高可归因于机械形成的隧道沿 a 轴扩展，从而促进了 H+ 离子的迁移。与未经处理的 WO3 相比，HxWO3/碳复合材料通过催化水解纤维素生成可溶性固体（葡萄糖和糠醛衍生物）的效率要高出约 12 倍，这是由于布氏酸性增强的缘故。此外，复合颗粒在紫外-可见-近红外范围内表现出广泛的光吸收，在近红外和可见光照射下，甲基橙污染物的光催化降解能力显著增强了三个数量级以上。

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引用次数: 0

Thin microporous polydimethylsiloxane membrane prepared by phase separation and its applications for cell culture 通过相分离制备的微孔聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜及其在细胞培养中的应用

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102247

Jin Hong Yap , Hong Zhang , Yosuke Okamura , Hiroshi Kimura

Animal experiments are often required for biological studies. However, in vitro cell culture models, such as cell-culture inserts and microphysiological systems, can provide a suitable alternative, making them essential tools in cell biology research, including the simulation of an organ environments closely related to the human body. Cell-culture inserts with porous membranes assist in recreating in vivo cell culture environments to study and process cell-culture assays. However, conventional cell culture membranes typically made of polyethylene terephthalate or polycarbonate cannot accommodate cell types that require deformable substrates. As such, this paper introduced a novel approach using spin-casting-assisted polymer-blend phase separation to create thin, flexible, and highly porous membranes for cell culture applications. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was selected as the material for the porous membrane, and polystyrene (PS) was used as a counter pair to induce phase separation with PDMS. PDMS facilitated the necessary reversible deformations during cell culture owing to its low elastic modulus. The thickness of the membrane and connectivity of the phase-separated PS domains can be adjusted, facilitating the fine-tuning of the pore size and density to improve the membrane performance. Therefore, this study successfully fabricated thin microporous PDMS membranes with improved performance over standard membranes for cell-culture inserts, namely a higher porosity, flexibility, and softness. The results of this study can enhance cell culture methodologies and contribute to a deeper understanding of cellular processes.

生物学研究通常需要动物实验。然而，体外细胞培养模型（如细胞培养插片和微生理系统）可以提供一种合适的替代方法，使其成为细胞生物学研究的重要工具，包括模拟与人体密切相关的器官环境。带有多孔膜的细胞培养插片有助于重现体内细胞培养环境，以研究和处理细胞培养试验。然而，传统的细胞培养膜通常由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或聚碳酸酯制成，无法适应需要可变形基底的细胞类型。因此，本文介绍了一种新方法，即利用自旋铸造辅助聚合物混合物相分离技术，为细胞培养应用制造出薄型、柔性和高多孔性膜。本文选择聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）作为多孔膜的材料，并使用聚苯乙烯（PS）作为反相对来诱导与 PDMS 的相分离。由于 PDMS 的弹性模量较低，因此有利于细胞培养过程中必要的可逆变形。膜的厚度和相分离的 PS 域的连通性可以调整，从而有助于微调孔径和密度，提高膜的性能。因此，本研究成功制备出了微孔 PDMS 薄膜，与用于细胞培养插入物的标准膜相比，其性能得到了改善，即孔隙率更高、更灵活、更柔软。本研究的结果可改进细胞培养方法，有助于加深对细胞过程的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Atomic scale investigation and cytocompatibility of copper and zinc-loaded phosphate-based glasses prepared by coacervation 共凝制备的铜锌负载磷酸盐玻璃的原子尺度研究和细胞相容性

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102246

B.A. Kyffin , R. Di Pasquale , D.M. Pickup , F. Foroutan , I. Abrahams , N. Kanwal , D.S. Keeble , M. Felipe-Sotelo , A. Hoxha , Z. Moghaddam , S.J. Hinder , M.A. Baker , E.T. Nery , D. Carta

Phosphate-based glasses (PBGs) are bioresorbable materials that find application in the field of controlled drug delivery and tissue engineering. The structural arrangements of the phosphate units in PBGs, along with the knowledge of how therapeutic metallic ions are embedded in the phosphate network are important in understanding the degradation and targeted release properties of these materials. Using a combination of Raman spectroscopy, high-energy X-ray diffraction and ³¹P and ²³Na solid-state magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, the atomic structure of coacervate PBGs in the system P₂O₅-CaO-Na₂O-MO_x (M = Cu or Zn) with loadings of 2, 10 and 15 mol % of M²⁺ have been studied as functions of composition and calcination temperature. After drying at room temperature, the structures of the phosphate network in PBG-Cu and PBG-Zn are quite similar, with that of PBG-Zn exhibiting slightly higher connectivity. Heating at 300 °C causes degradation of the polyphosphate chains, even though Q² species remain predominant. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrates that Cu in calcined PBGs is present in both oxidation states +1 and +2, with a predominance of the +2 state. Cu and Zn ion release data after 24 h exposure of PBGs in deionized water and cell medium DMEM show that release is proportional to their loadings. Cytotoxicity MTT assays of dissolution products of PBG-Cu/ZnX calcined at 300 °C on human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) and on human skin cells (HaCaTs) showed good cellular response for all compositions, indicating that PBGs have great potential for both hard and soft tissue regeneration.

磷酸盐基玻璃（PBGs）是一种生物可吸收材料，可应用于可控药物输送和组织工程领域。磷酸盐玻璃中磷酸盐单元的结构排列以及治疗用金属离子如何嵌入磷酸盐网络的知识，对于了解这些材料的降解和定向释放特性非常重要。我们结合拉曼光谱、高能 X 射线衍射以及 31P 和 23Na 固态魔角旋转核磁共振技术，研究了 P2O5-CaO-Na2O-MOx（M = 铜或锌）体系中 M2+ 含量为 2、10 和 15 摩尔% 的共包被 PBGs 的原子结构与成分和煅烧温度的函数关系。在室温下干燥后，PBG-Cu 和 PBG-Zn 中的磷酸盐网络结构非常相似，其中 PBG-Zn 的连通性略高。在 300 °C 下加热会导致多磷酸链降解，尽管 Q2 种类仍占主导地位。X 射线光电子能谱显示，煅烧过的 PBG 中的铜以+1 和 +2 两种氧化态存在，其中以 +2 态为主。铜和锌离子在去离子水和细胞培养基 DMEM 中暴露 24 小时后的释放数据表明，释放量与负载量成正比。在 300 °C 煅烧 PBG-Cu/ZnX 的溶解产物后，对人骨肉瘤细胞（MG-63）和人皮肤细胞（HaCaTs）进行的细胞毒性 MTT 分析表明，所有成分都有良好的细胞反应，这表明 PBGs 在硬组织和软组织再生方面都有巨大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Diverse kinetic pathways in shock-compressed phase transitions of a metallic single crystal 金属单晶冲击压缩相变中的多种动力学途径

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102245

Simin An, Xingyu Gao, Haifeng Liu, Haifeng Song

Substantial gaps in solid-solid phase boundaries under hydrostatic and uniaxial compression have recently garnered great attention, though the underlying physics remains unclear. In this study, through molecular dynamics simulations of shock-compressed fcc Cu single crystals, we report pronounced orientation-dependent fcc-to-bcc phase transition pressures following the trend [100] < [110] < [111] ≈ thermodynamic phase boundary. We uncover a fundamental crystallographic law that explains these phase boundary gaps, rooted in the classical orientational relationship of martensitic transformations: the degree of alignment between loading directions and the easiest atomic moving path plays a critical role in determining phase transition pathways. The complex, orientation-dependent phase transition pathways and the observed temperature equilibrium efficiency ranking [100] > [110] > [111] further support the validity of this crystallographic law. This law is broadly applicable to fcc crystals, indicating that phase composition can be controlled by the method of compression, providing a new framework for selective polymorph formation.

最近，静水压和单轴压缩下固-固相界的巨大间隙引起了人们的极大关注，尽管其基本物理原理仍不清楚。在本研究中，通过对冲击压缩 fcc 铜单晶进行分子动力学模拟，我们报告了明显的取向依赖性 fcc 到 bcc 相变压力，其趋势是 [100] < [110] < [111] ≈ 热力学相界。我们发现了一个基本的晶体学定律，可以解释这些相界间隙，其根源在于马氏体转变的经典取向关系：加载方向与最易移动的原子路径之间的对齐程度在决定相变路径方面起着关键作用。复杂的、取向相关的相变途径和观察到的温度平衡效率排名 [100] > [110] > [111] 进一步证明了这一晶体学定律的正确性。该定律广泛适用于 fcc 晶体，表明相组成可由压缩方法控制，为选择性多晶体的形成提供了新的框架。

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引用次数: 0