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英文中文

Effect of aging at 700 °C on the microstructure, phase transformations, and mechanical properties of low-activation austenitic steel

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102335

Igor Litovchenko , Sergey Akkuzin , Nadezhda Polekhina , Kseniya Spiridonova , Valeria Osipova , Anna Kim , Evgeny Moskvichev , Vyacheslav Chernov

The effect of aging at 700 °C for 100 h on the microstructure, phase transformations, and mechanical properties of a new high-manganese low-activation austenitic steel is studied. It is shown that a long-term high-temperature exposure results in the precipitation of dispersed particles of M₂₃C₆ carbides. The formation of these particles occurs at grain boundaries, incoherent and coherent twin boundaries, and inside grains. Particles precipitated along grain boundaries have the form of discontinuous or continuous thin films. At incoherent twin boundaries, M₂₃C₆ carbides precipitate in the form of parallel thin plates lying along the {111} crystallographic planes of austenite at a certain angle to these boundaries. At coherent twin boundaries, these particles have the form of thin plates parallel to the twinning plane, and their transverse dimensions are limited by the thickness of twins. Inside grains, M₂₃C₆ particles can have the shape of rhomboids or cuboids. The grain and twin structure remains stable during aging. The precipitation of dispersed carbides affects the strength and plastic properties of the steel. After aging of the quenched steel, the yield strength increases slightly, while the elongation decreases by 1.5–1.8 times. After aging of the cold rolled steel, the yield strength decreases by 1.3 times at all studied temperatures (20, 650, and 700 °C). In this case, the elongation to failure at 20 °C decreases by 1.7 times, while at high temperatures its values change little. The effect of dispersed M₂₃C₆ particles on the strength and plastic properties of the steel is discussed.

{"title":"Effect of aging at 700 °C on the microstructure, phase transformations, and mechanical properties of low-activation austenitic steel","authors":"Igor Litovchenko , Sergey Akkuzin , Nadezhda Polekhina , Kseniya Spiridonova , Valeria Osipova , Anna Kim , Evgeny Moskvichev , Vyacheslav Chernov","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of aging at 700 °C for 100 h on the microstructure, phase transformations, and mechanical properties of a new high-manganese low-activation austenitic steel is studied. It is shown that a long-term high-temperature exposure results in the precipitation of dispersed particles of M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> carbides. The formation of these particles occurs at grain boundaries, incoherent and coherent twin boundaries, and inside grains. Particles precipitated along grain boundaries have the form of discontinuous or continuous thin films. At incoherent twin boundaries, M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> carbides precipitate in the form of parallel thin plates lying along the {111} crystallographic planes of austenite at a certain angle to these boundaries. At coherent twin boundaries, these particles have the form of thin plates parallel to the twinning plane, and their transverse dimensions are limited by the thickness of twins. Inside grains, M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> particles can have the shape of rhomboids or cuboids. The grain and twin structure remains stable during aging. The precipitation of dispersed carbides affects the strength and plastic properties of the steel. After aging of the quenched steel, the yield strength increases slightly, while the elongation decreases by 1.5–1.8 times. After aging of the cold rolled steel, the yield strength decreases by 1.3 times at all studied temperatures (20, 650, and 700 °C). In this case, the elongation to failure at 20 °C decreases by 1.7 times, while at high temperatures its values change little. The effect of dispersed M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> particles on the strength and plastic properties of the steel is discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102335"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strain-enhanced diffusion of Cr in nanostructured IF steel under surface mechanical rolling treatment

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2025-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102336

S. Zhang , Y.B. Lei , Q. Jiao , Z.B. Wang

A nanostructured surface layer was produced on IF steel by means of surface mechanical rolling treatment (SMRT). Subsequently, the diffusion behavior of Cr was studied in the nanostructured surface layer under deformation by depositing a thin Cr coating and re-submitting to SMRT. The results revealed that an ultra-high diffusion coefficient (∼2.9 × 10⁻¹⁶ m² s^-1) is achieved at room temperature, resulting in the formation of a (Cr, Fe) solid solution transition region between Cr coating and nanostructured substrate. The extra-fast diffusion should be induced by the high strain and strain rate exerted by SMRT, as well as the existence of various grain boundaries, in the near surface layer of IF steel.

引用次数: 0

Tailored heat treatments to enhance performance in additive manufactured HAYNES® 282® superalloy

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102334

Abdul Shaafi Shaikh , Emil Eriksson , Magnus Hörnqvist Colliander , Kevin Minet-Lallemand , Eduard Hryha

While additive manufacturing (AM) has made considerable strides towards industrialization in recent years, its application to superalloys is still limited. This is in part because superalloys manufactured by AM often show anisotropic mechanical properties and creep performance inferior to their cast or wrought counterparts. HAYNES® 282® (282 alloy) is one such alloy which originated in wrought form but has been rapidly adopted in AM. However, AM 282 alloy currently shows deficient high temperature performance relative to wrought 282 alloy, especially when conventional heat treatment is applied to the AM alloy. This study aims to understand how AM and specifically powder bed fusion – laser beam (PBF-LB) processed 282 alloy compares to wrought 282 alloy in terms of microstructure and mechanical properties, and how these can be improved by different heat treatment regimes. 282 alloy manufactured by PBF-LB was subjected to three different solution heat treatments: the conventional solution heat treatment at 1135 °C, a high temperature solution treatment at 1250 °C, and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1250 °C. All materials were double aged at 1010 °C and 788 °C. Mechanical testing showed that solution treatments at 1250 °C reduced anisotropy relative to the typical 1135 °C solution treatment, especially at high temperature. Most significantly, creep rupture life at 927 °C and 89 MPa was doubled (reaching >300 h compared to 115 h for wrought), and minimum creep rate was reduced by an order of magnitude even compared to the wrought counterpart. The improved high temperature mechanical performance was correlated with more equiaxed and coarse grains, tortuous grain boundaries, frequent twins, and specific grain boundary microstructure. The study highlights the critical role of grain structure in high temperature performance, and demonstrates the necessity of tailored heat treatments for enhancing the properties of AM superalloys¹.

{"title":"Tailored heat treatments to enhance performance in additive manufactured HAYNES® 282® superalloy","authors":"Abdul Shaafi Shaikh , Emil Eriksson , Magnus Hörnqvist Colliander , Kevin Minet-Lallemand , Eduard Hryha","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While additive manufacturing (AM) has made considerable strides towards industrialization in recent years, its application to superalloys is still limited. This is in part because superalloys manufactured by AM often show anisotropic mechanical properties and creep performance inferior to their cast or wrought counterparts. HAYNES® 282® (282 alloy) is one such alloy which originated in wrought form but has been rapidly adopted in AM. However, AM 282 alloy currently shows deficient high temperature performance relative to wrought 282 alloy, especially when conventional heat treatment is applied to the AM alloy. This study aims to understand how AM and specifically powder bed fusion – laser beam (PBF-LB) processed 282 alloy compares to wrought 282 alloy in terms of microstructure and mechanical properties, and how these can be improved by different heat treatment regimes. 282 alloy manufactured by PBF-LB was subjected to three different solution heat treatments: the conventional solution heat treatment at 1135 °C, a high temperature solution treatment at 1250 °C, and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1250 °C. All materials were double aged at 1010 °C and 788 °C. Mechanical testing showed that solution treatments at 1250 °C reduced anisotropy relative to the typical 1135 °C solution treatment, especially at high temperature. Most significantly, creep rupture life at 927 °C and 89 MPa was doubled (reaching >300 h compared to 115 h for wrought), and minimum creep rate was reduced by an order of magnitude even compared to the wrought counterpart. The improved high temperature mechanical performance was correlated with more equiaxed and coarse grains, tortuous grain boundaries, frequent twins, and specific grain boundary microstructure. The study highlights the critical role of grain structure in high temperature performance, and demonstrates the necessity of tailored heat treatments for enhancing the properties of AM superalloys<span><span><sup>1</sup></span></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102334"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structure, thermal stability and microstructural properties of Bi4V2-x(Cu-Li)xO11-7x/4 solid solution (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.3)

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102333

W. Mhaira , A. Agnaou , R. Essalim , M. Zaghrioui , T. Chartier , C. Autret , A. Ammar

The structural, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of Bi₄V_2-x(Cu-Li)_xO_11-7x/4 (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) compounds were investigated to explore the effects of copper and lithium substitution on the material's crystalline structure and phase transitions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that increasing the substitution level from x = 0.1 to x = 0.3 resulted in phase transitions from monoclinic to orthorhombic, and eventually to tetragonal, with the solid solution limit at x = 0.3. The crystallinity and porosity showed an inverse relationship as the substitution rate increased, with crystallite size enlarging from x = 0.1 to x = 0.2, and a defect-trapping effect at higher substitutions (x = 0.3 and x = 0.4). Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) indicated significant endothermic transitions, with a peak at 698°C corresponding to the melting of a secondary phase isostructural to Bi₈V₂O₁₇. High-temperature XRD (HT-XRD) analysis further supported the phase transitions, while Raman spectroscopy showed shifts in the V-O bond stretching vibrations with increasing substitution. The study concluded that substitution with copper and lithium modifies the thermal stability, crystallinity, and phase behaviour of BiCuLiVOx compounds, highlighting their potential in various applications requiring high-temperature stability and ionic conductivity.

{"title":"Structure, thermal stability and microstructural properties of Bi4V2-x(Cu-Li)xO11-7x/4 solid solution (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.3)","authors":"W. Mhaira , A. Agnaou , R. Essalim , M. Zaghrioui , T. Chartier , C. Autret , A. Ammar","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The structural, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of Bi<sub>4</sub>V<sub>2-x</sub>(Cu-Li)<sub>x</sub>O<sub>11-7x/4</sub> (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) compounds were investigated to explore the effects of copper and lithium substitution on the material's crystalline structure and phase transitions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that increasing the substitution level from x = 0.1 to x = 0.3 resulted in phase transitions from monoclinic to orthorhombic, and eventually to tetragonal, with the solid solution limit at x = 0.3. The crystallinity and porosity showed an inverse relationship as the substitution rate increased, with crystallite size enlarging from x = 0.1 to x = 0.2, and a defect-trapping effect at higher substitutions (x = 0.3 and x = 0.4). Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) indicated significant endothermic transitions, with a peak at 698°C corresponding to the melting of a secondary phase isostructural to Bi<sub>8</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>17</sub>. High-temperature XRD (HT-XRD) analysis further supported the phase transitions, while Raman spectroscopy showed shifts in the V-O bond stretching vibrations with increasing substitution. The study concluded that substitution with copper and lithium modifies the thermal stability, crystallinity, and phase behaviour of BiCuLiVOx compounds, highlighting their potential in various applications requiring high-temperature stability and ionic conductivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long term and in situ measurements of nanostructure evolution of Al-3.9Cu-1.5Mg alloys by laboratory high energy small-angle X-ray scattering

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102331

Shin Fukuda , Masato Ohnuma , Goroh Itoh , Shigeru Kuramoto , Junya Kobayashi , Equo Kobayashi

The effect of nanostructures on the hardness of Al-3.9Cu-1.5Mg alloys with and without cold rolling (CR) during natural and isothermal aging at 190°C for up to 48 h has been investigated by in situ high energy laboratory small-angle X-ray scattering combined with micro-Vickers and calorimetry measurements. In the naturally aged samples, the formation of Cu-Mg co-clusters of 1 nm in diameter was observed. In the specimens with CR, the formation of clusters due to CR was observed at the beginning, while little change were observed during aging. Consequently, the total amount of clusters was less than in the specimens without CR in the later stage of natural aging. The change in the amount of age hardening corresponded to the change in the amount of Cu-Mg co-cluster formation, indicating that the Cu-Mg co-cluster was responsible for the precipitation strengthening at room temperature. At 190°C for the artificial aging process, precipitate scattering of three different sizes and shapes was observed, i.e., the intermediate and S phases were precipitated in addition to the Cu-Mg co-cluster. The continuous change in volume fraction and size with time suggests that the Cu-Mg co-cluster has grown into an intermediate phase. The time evolution of hardness at 190°C artificial aging without CR was simply explained by Orowan's equation. These results show that the dispersion state of precipitates mainly affects the hardness in Al-Cu-Mg alloys with low Cu/Mg ratios rather than the phases themselves.

{"title":"Long term and in situ measurements of nanostructure evolution of Al-3.9Cu-1.5Mg alloys by laboratory high energy small-angle X-ray scattering","authors":"Shin Fukuda , Masato Ohnuma , Goroh Itoh , Shigeru Kuramoto , Junya Kobayashi , Equo Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of nanostructures on the hardness of Al-3.9Cu-1.5Mg alloys with and without cold rolling (CR) during natural and isothermal aging at 190°C for up to 48 h has been investigated by in situ high energy laboratory small-angle X-ray scattering combined with micro-Vickers and calorimetry measurements. In the naturally aged samples, the formation of Cu-Mg co-clusters of 1 nm in diameter was observed. In the specimens with CR, the formation of clusters due to CR was observed at the beginning, while little change were observed during aging. Consequently, the total amount of clusters was less than in the specimens without CR in the later stage of natural aging. The change in the amount of age hardening corresponded to the change in the amount of Cu-Mg co-cluster formation, indicating that the Cu-Mg co-cluster was responsible for the precipitation strengthening at room temperature. At 190°C for the artificial aging process, precipitate scattering of three different sizes and shapes was observed, i.e., the intermediate and S phases were precipitated in addition to the Cu-Mg co-cluster. The continuous change in volume fraction and size with time suggests that the Cu-Mg co-cluster has grown into an intermediate phase. The time evolution of hardness at 190°C artificial aging without CR was simply explained by Orowan's equation. These results show that the dispersion state of precipitates mainly affects the hardness in Al-Cu-Mg alloys with low Cu/Mg ratios rather than the phases themselves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Significantly improving the degradation performance of low-alloyed Mg-1Zn-0.3Ca-1.0MgO composite in vitro and in vivo

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102330

Chaokun Tang , Shaoyuan Lyu , Aixian Tian , Hongbin Cao , Minfang Chen

The in vitro and in vivo degradation behavior of a low-alloyed Mg-1Zn-0.3Ca-1.0MgO (wt.%) composite with different grain sizes were investigated to understand the effect of high-density grain boundaries (GBs) and high-volume-fraction second phases on its degradation behavior. The results indicated that the ultra-fine-grained (UFG, 0.5 μm) composite had plentiful nano-sized Ca₂Mg₆Zn₃ phase, while coarse grained (CG, 8 μm) composite possessed very few minor Ca₂Mg₆Zn₃ phases due to the high solid solubility of solute atoms in Mg matrix. The immersion test in simulated body fluids (SBF) suggested the UFG composite had a low corrosion rate of 0.68 mm/y, which was only half of the CG composite (1.39 mm/y). This improved corrosion resistance was attributed to the quick formation of a compact and stable corrosion product, resulting from the preferential corrosion of uniformly distributed GBs and second phases in the UFG matrix during the early stage (first 12 hours). This can shield the Mg matrix from further corrosion over the long term. The in vivo implantation results after 24 weeks also showed that the corrosion rate of UFG composite was extremely low at 0.047 mm/y, while it was 0.252 mm/y for CG composite. Such higher corrosion resistance of UFG promoted luxuriant new bone growth and a more tightly bonded interface between the bone and the sample. The matched material degradation-bone maturation rate of UFG provided a better environment for osteoblast attachment and differentiation. Furthermore, the UFG composite maintained approximately 50 % residual yield strength even after 24 weeks post-implantation, which provided excellent mechanical support during service, especially in the first three months post-implantation. These results provide insights into the composition and microstructural design, which could be a promising avenue for exploring the manufacturing of high strength and highly corrosion resistant magnesium-based materials to enhance the security as bone implant instruments.

{"title":"Significantly improving the degradation performance of low-alloyed Mg-1Zn-0.3Ca-1.0MgO composite in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Chaokun Tang , Shaoyuan Lyu , Aixian Tian , Hongbin Cao , Minfang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> degradation behavior of a low-alloyed Mg-1Zn-0.3Ca-1.0MgO (wt.%) composite with different grain sizes were investigated to understand the effect of high-density grain boundaries (GBs) and high-volume-fraction second phases on its degradation behavior. The results indicated that the ultra-fine-grained (UFG, 0.5 μm) composite had plentiful nano-sized Ca<sub>2</sub>Mg<sub>6</sub>Zn<sub>3</sub> phase, while coarse grained (CG, 8 μm) composite possessed very few minor Ca<sub>2</sub>Mg<sub>6</sub>Zn<sub>3</sub> phases due to the high solid solubility of solute atoms in Mg matrix. The immersion test in simulated body fluids (SBF) suggested the UFG composite had a low corrosion rate of 0.68 mm/y, which was only half of the CG composite (1.39 mm/y). This improved corrosion resistance was attributed to the quick formation of a compact and stable corrosion product, resulting from the preferential corrosion of uniformly distributed GBs and second phases in the UFG matrix during the early stage (first 12 hours). This can shield the Mg matrix from further corrosion over the long term. The <em>in vivo</em> implantation results after 24 weeks also showed that the corrosion rate of UFG composite was extremely low at 0.047 mm/y, while it was 0.252 mm/y for CG composite. Such higher corrosion resistance of UFG promoted luxuriant new bone growth and a more tightly bonded interface between the bone and the sample. The matched material degradation-bone maturation rate of UFG provided a better environment for osteoblast attachment and differentiation. Furthermore, the UFG composite maintained approximately 50 % residual yield strength even after 24 weeks post-implantation, which provided excellent mechanical support during service, especially in the first three months post-implantation. These results provide insights into the composition and microstructural design, which could be a promising avenue for exploring the manufacturing of high strength and highly corrosion resistant magnesium-based materials to enhance the security as bone implant instruments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102330"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The race of time during oxide-to-MOF conversion: Competition between MOF(Al) growth and alumina facets rearrangement

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102327

Limor Ben Neon , Mikhael Bechelany , Martin Drobek , Eddy Petit , Anne Julbe

The direct growth of Metal-Organic-Frameworks (MOFs) on ceramic substrates is a promising strategy to promote their industrial implementation. Yet, the lack of deep scientific comprehension regarding the in-situ conversion of metal derivatives into MOFs, resulting in limited control over their crystal growth, morphology and distribution, hampers their up-scale production. In this work, we provide for the first time the experimental evidence that a competition between MOF formation and alumina facet rearrangement occurs at extended reaction times up to 90 min. We demonstrate that the facet rearrangement induced by pH variations dictates the final morphology and distribution of MOF(Al) crystals grown during the MW-assisted hydrothermal synthesis in water. Hence when facet-rich alumina substrate is used for oxide-to-MOF conversion, short reaction times ought to be applied.

引用次数: 0

Structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and photocatalytic characteristics of Zn1-3xCoxAgxCuxO nanoparticles

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102328

Trinh Duc Thien , Pham Do Chung , Le T.M. Cham , Pham Duc Thang , Nguyen Dang Co , Nguyen Van Thang , Nguyen Huu Tuan , Nguyen Dinh Lam

The study involved synthesizing ZnO nanoparticles co-doped with Co, Ag, and Cu, labeled as Zn_1-3xCo_xAg_xCu_xO (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03), using a low-temperature co-precipitation process. Spectroscopic techniques confirmed the successful incorporation of these elements into the ZnO lattice. Structural analysis showed a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure with microstructural changes across the samples. Lattice property alterations indicated the inclusion of Co²⁺, Ag¹⁺, and Cu²⁺ ions, leading to a crystallite size increase from 25.3 nm to 36.7 nm. FESEM displayed spherical and hexagonal structures. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed a bandgap reduction from 3.22 eV to 2.92 eV as doping increased, attributed to the Burstein-Moss effect. Raman analysis demonstrated shifts in the E₂^(High) mode due to impurities. The photocatalytic activity of Zn_0.94Co_0.02Ag_0.02Cu_0.02O was 2.2 times higher than pure ZnO for RhB, with hydroxyls radicals as key agents. This material showed exeptional reusability and stability. The nanoparticles also effectively degraded Methyl Orange, Congo Red, and Phenol. The study suggests that co-doping with Co, Ag, and Cu is an effective approach for tuning the ZnO bandgap, highlighting its potential for optoelectronics, spintronics, and photocatalysis, and paving the way for advanced optical and photonic applications.

{"title":"Structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and photocatalytic characteristics of Zn1-3xCoxAgxCuxO nanoparticles","authors":"Trinh Duc Thien , Pham Do Chung , Le T.M. Cham , Pham Duc Thang , Nguyen Dang Co , Nguyen Van Thang , Nguyen Huu Tuan , Nguyen Dinh Lam","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study involved synthesizing ZnO nanoparticles co-doped with Co, Ag, and Cu, labeled as Zn<sub>1-3x</sub>Co<sub>x</sub>Ag<sub>x</sub>Cu<sub>x</sub>O (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03), using a low-temperature co-precipitation process. Spectroscopic techniques confirmed the successful incorporation of these elements into the ZnO lattice. Structural analysis showed a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure with microstructural changes across the samples. Lattice property alterations indicated the inclusion of Co<sup>2+</sup>, Ag<sup>1+</sup>, and Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions, leading to a crystallite size increase from 25.3 nm to 36.7 nm. FESEM displayed spherical and hexagonal structures. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed a bandgap reduction from 3.22 eV to 2.92 eV as doping increased, attributed to the Burstein-Moss effect. Raman analysis demonstrated shifts in the E<sub>2</sub><sup>(High)</sup> mode due to impurities. The photocatalytic activity of Zn<sub>0.94</sub>Co<sub>0.02</sub>Ag<sub>0.02</sub>Cu<sub>0.02</sub>O was 2.2 times higher than pure ZnO for RhB, with hydroxyls radicals as key agents. This material showed exeptional reusability and stability. The nanoparticles also effectively degraded Methyl Orange, Congo Red, and Phenol. The study suggests that co-doping with Co, Ag, and Cu is an effective approach for tuning the ZnO bandgap, highlighting its potential for optoelectronics, spintronics, and photocatalysis, and paving the way for advanced optical and photonic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102328"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermophysical properties of single crystals and ceramics based on thallium and silver halides

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102326

Ivan Yuzhakov , Dmitrii Salimgareev , Alexander Lvov , Alexander Shmygalev , Alexei Rudenko , Anastasia Yuzhakova , Liya Zhukova

Temperature dependences of electrical conductivity, heat capacity and heat diffusivity in the range of 30–250 °C were studied for single crystals and optical ceramics based on metal halides of the TlBr_0.46I_0.54 – AgI, TlCl_0.74Br_0.26 – AgI, TlBr_0.46I_0.54 – AgCl_0.25Br_0.75, TlCl_0.74Br_0.26 – AgCl_0.25Br_0.75 systems. The properties of superionic conductors were discovered in materials with ionic bonds Ag – I, Tl – I with the strongest characteristics in the TlBr_0.46I_0.54 – AgCl_0.25Br_0.75 system's compounds. The influence of dissimilar ions number and their proportion in the crystal lattice was revealed by calculating the diffusion coefficients of silver and analyzing the conductivity curves. Heat capacity and thermal conductivity coefficients showed the least susceptibility to the temperature influence in solid solutions with a large number of dissimilar elements TlBr_0.46I_0.54 – AgCl_0.25Br_0.75, TlCl_0.74Br_0.26 – AgCl_0.25Br_0.75. The obtained dependencies determine the areas of materials application and allow predicting the technological modes of their processing.

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of deformation fields associated with irradiation-induced growth and grain boundary interactions in zirconium

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialia

Pub Date : 2024-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102325

Ronit Roy, Fei Long, Mark R. Daymond

Irradiation growth is one of the deformation mechanisms which results in significant dimensional instability in nuclear reactor components over an extended service period. Therefore, understanding irradiation growth is essential for the cost-effective and safe design of nuclear reactors. Irradiation growth results from the preferential diffusion of irradiation-induced point defects, which makes it a macroscopic stress-independent volume-conservative shape change process. Macroscale experiments reveal that irradiation growth exhibits a strong dependence on the grain size of a specimen, i.e., small-sized grains escalate the irradiation growth. However, owing to the limitations in macroscale experiments, the mechanisms associated with such behaviour are not fully understood. The current work aims to investigate the irradiation growth mechanism over macro to micro scales. In order to examine the contributions of grain boundary in irradiation growth, irradiation growth deformation is investigated along different types of grain boundaries using high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction. Next, the results are compared with crystal plasticity-based finite element models to identify the effect of deformation incompatibility induced by the grain boundaries. A simplified yet novel field variable-based technique has been used to mimic the irradiation growth deformation into the finite element model. It is observed that the experimentally measured strains are more significant near the grain boundaries and distributed over a larger area as compared to the finite element results. This difference suggests that the localized strain/stress concentration is not only due to the deformation incompatibility at grain boundaries. The deformation incompatibility also activates additional mechanisms (e.g., irradiation creep), which enhance the deformation processes in the presence of grain boundaries.

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