Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.1177/02685809221095912
A. Atahau, Cheng-Wen Lee, D. D. Kesa, A. Huruta
Local wisdom is increasingly crucial to preserve rural societies’ self-confidence and solidarity spirits in boosting economic growth. Notwithstanding the success of microfinance groups in East Sumba, Indonesia, the problem related to a small capital base exists. In this respect, adhering to local wisdom likely develops social entrepreneurship to strengthen the microfinance group’s capital base. This research investigates how local wisdom affects social entrepreneurship and microfinance sustainability. Data are collected by distributing questionnaires to microfinance stakeholders and analyzing the partial least squares-structural equation model. The findings show that local wisdom plays an essential role in social entrepreneurship development to ensure the stability of microfinance. In other words, rural microfinance sustainability can perform the mediating role as hypothesized. It implies that policy-making by the local government related to social enterprise development and microfinance sustainability may consider local wisdom. Thus, all stakeholders need to create conducive environments to increase the development of social entrepreneurship.
{"title":"Developing social entrepreneurship in rural areas: A path mediation framework","authors":"A. Atahau, Cheng-Wen Lee, D. D. Kesa, A. Huruta","doi":"10.1177/02685809221095912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221095912","url":null,"abstract":"Local wisdom is increasingly crucial to preserve rural societies’ self-confidence and solidarity spirits in boosting economic growth. Notwithstanding the success of microfinance groups in East Sumba, Indonesia, the problem related to a small capital base exists. In this respect, adhering to local wisdom likely develops social entrepreneurship to strengthen the microfinance group’s capital base. This research investigates how local wisdom affects social entrepreneurship and microfinance sustainability. Data are collected by distributing questionnaires to microfinance stakeholders and analyzing the partial least squares-structural equation model. The findings show that local wisdom plays an essential role in social entrepreneurship development to ensure the stability of microfinance. In other words, rural microfinance sustainability can perform the mediating role as hypothesized. It implies that policy-making by the local government related to social enterprise development and microfinance sustainability may consider local wisdom. Thus, all stakeholders need to create conducive environments to increase the development of social entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"37 1","pages":"475 - 495"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46074320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-25DOI: 10.1177/02685809221094687
O. Ulybina, Laia Pi Ferrer, Pertti Alasuutari
When Covid-19 broke out, many interpreted it as a crisis that would lead to fundamental changes in different areas of life. The article aims to assess whether this also applies to intergovernmental organizations (IGOs). By analysing the websites of a sample of intergovernmental organizations, we ask: How did the Covid-19 pandemic affect the behaviour of intergovernmental organizations? How can one explain this behaviour of intergovernmental organizations in response to such a major exogenous event as the Covid-19 pandemic? How can the Covid-19 pandemic be best conceptualized in terms of its impact on intergovernmental organizations? We show that the responses of intergovernmental organizations to the Covid-19 pandemic had two important features: (a) intergovernmental organizations responded in a synchronized way, and (b) the pandemic triggered wide-spread non-major adaptations to the changed environment, providing opportunities for legitimation work and minor repackaging of existing activities, but has not led to noticeable transformational change in organizations’ activities. We argue that the observed intergovernmental organization’s responses can be explained partly from rational-choice perspective and partly from sociological institutionalist perspective. Given our data, we argue that the pandemic can be conceptualized as an uncertainty shock, in terms of its impact on intergovernmental organizations.
{"title":"Intergovernmental organizations in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic: Organizational behaviour in crises and under uncertainty","authors":"O. Ulybina, Laia Pi Ferrer, Pertti Alasuutari","doi":"10.1177/02685809221094687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221094687","url":null,"abstract":"When Covid-19 broke out, many interpreted it as a crisis that would lead to fundamental changes in different areas of life. The article aims to assess whether this also applies to intergovernmental organizations (IGOs). By analysing the websites of a sample of intergovernmental organizations, we ask: How did the Covid-19 pandemic affect the behaviour of intergovernmental organizations? How can one explain this behaviour of intergovernmental organizations in response to such a major exogenous event as the Covid-19 pandemic? How can the Covid-19 pandemic be best conceptualized in terms of its impact on intergovernmental organizations? We show that the responses of intergovernmental organizations to the Covid-19 pandemic had two important features: (a) intergovernmental organizations responded in a synchronized way, and (b) the pandemic triggered wide-spread non-major adaptations to the changed environment, providing opportunities for legitimation work and minor repackaging of existing activities, but has not led to noticeable transformational change in organizations’ activities. We argue that the observed intergovernmental organization’s responses can be explained partly from rational-choice perspective and partly from sociological institutionalist perspective. Given our data, we argue that the pandemic can be conceptualized as an uncertainty shock, in terms of its impact on intergovernmental organizations.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"37 1","pages":"415 - 438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42129552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-22DOI: 10.1177/02685809221103486
M. L. Meilvang, A. Blok, M. D. Lindstrøm, I. K. Pedersen
The literature on professions, drawing on both sociological and management approaches, has recently turned its focus to the transnational scale. In this article, building on Andrew Abbott’s work on professional jurisdictions, we analyze the way transnational resources come to play a role in local professional claims-making and work practices in the inter-professional struggle over jurisdiction. Comparing case studies set in Denmark into three emerging professional jurisdictions, our analysis shows that professional segments claiming new work tasks engage actively in scaling work that attempts to ‘rescale’ the jurisdiction to fit their own professional projects and claims. We find that scaling practices consist of three different ways professionals invest in transnational resources: organizational avatars, new work regulations and prescriptions, and symbolic legitimacy. These ways in which professionals transform transnational resources into claims used in local professionals situations result in different outcomes for the professional segments involved.
{"title":"Professional scaling work: How professional segments claim new jurisdictions in a world of trans-local connections","authors":"M. L. Meilvang, A. Blok, M. D. Lindstrøm, I. K. Pedersen","doi":"10.1177/02685809221103486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221103486","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on professions, drawing on both sociological and management approaches, has recently turned its focus to the transnational scale. In this article, building on Andrew Abbott’s work on professional jurisdictions, we analyze the way transnational resources come to play a role in local professional claims-making and work practices in the inter-professional struggle over jurisdiction. Comparing case studies set in Denmark into three emerging professional jurisdictions, our analysis shows that professional segments claiming new work tasks engage actively in scaling work that attempts to ‘rescale’ the jurisdiction to fit their own professional projects and claims. We find that scaling practices consist of three different ways professionals invest in transnational resources: organizational avatars, new work regulations and prescriptions, and symbolic legitimacy. These ways in which professionals transform transnational resources into claims used in local professionals situations result in different outcomes for the professional segments involved.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"37 1","pages":"496 - 514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42602867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-24DOI: 10.1177/02685809221084447
A. Korzh
Formerly incarcerated women face multidimensional barriers post-release, ranging from individual, relational, institutional, to systemic. Drawing on the conceptual framework of interlocking barriers facing formerly incarcerated women, this qualitative case study set in one minimum-security prison in Ukraine with 21 interviewed women, four teachers, and eight staff demonstrates that interlocking systemic barriers cemented in Ukrainian society complicate formerly incarcerated women’s integration in society and may set them up for failure and recidivism. The study illuminates how the absence of housing, employment and discrimination, stigma, inadequate support system, lack of economic and cultural capital to pursue further education, and health challenges confronting incarcerated women post-release disadvantage the already vulnerable population in Ukraine. The findings of this study contribute to the field of sociology by highlighting the interlocking barriers confronting women post-incarceration and elucidating a gendered approach to understanding women’s reentry experiences in Ukraine.
{"title":"‘You have been punished in prison. And then when you are released, you are punished for life’: Post-incarceration barriers for women in Ukraine","authors":"A. Korzh","doi":"10.1177/02685809221084447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221084447","url":null,"abstract":"Formerly incarcerated women face multidimensional barriers post-release, ranging from individual, relational, institutional, to systemic. Drawing on the conceptual framework of interlocking barriers facing formerly incarcerated women, this qualitative case study set in one minimum-security prison in Ukraine with 21 interviewed women, four teachers, and eight staff demonstrates that interlocking systemic barriers cemented in Ukrainian society complicate formerly incarcerated women’s integration in society and may set them up for failure and recidivism. The study illuminates how the absence of housing, employment and discrimination, stigma, inadequate support system, lack of economic and cultural capital to pursue further education, and health challenges confronting incarcerated women post-release disadvantage the already vulnerable population in Ukraine. The findings of this study contribute to the field of sociology by highlighting the interlocking barriers confronting women post-incarceration and elucidating a gendered approach to understanding women’s reentry experiences in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"37 1","pages":"373 - 390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44768754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1177/02685809221102697b
David J. Borrelli
Zenonas Norkus is professor of comparative historical sociology at the Institute of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, Lithuania. His most recent book publications are Two Twenty-Year Periods of Independence: Capitalism, Class and Democracy in the First and Second Republics of Lithuania (2014) and An Unproclaimed Empire the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (2017). Address: Institute of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, Universiteto 9/1, LT-01513 Vilnius, Lithuania. Email: zenonas.norkus@fsf.vu.lt
{"title":"David John Frank and John W Meyer, The University and the Global Knowledge Society","authors":"David J. Borrelli","doi":"10.1177/02685809221102697b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221102697b","url":null,"abstract":"Zenonas Norkus is professor of comparative historical sociology at the Institute of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, Lithuania. His most recent book publications are Two Twenty-Year Periods of Independence: Capitalism, Class and Democracy in the First and Second Republics of Lithuania (2014) and An Unproclaimed Empire the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (2017). Address: Institute of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, Universiteto 9/1, LT-01513 Vilnius, Lithuania. Email: zenonas.norkus@fsf.vu.lt","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"37 1","pages":"243 - 246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46412320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1177/02685809221102715a
K. Desjarlais-deKlerk
Bernd Baldus studied at the universities of Cologne and Kiel (Germany) and the University of California at Los Angeles. He wrote his dissertation on a slave-holding society in Benin, West Africa. He has taught for many years at the University of Toronto. His research and publications focused on the evolution of social structures, especially the growth and consolidation of inequality. His most recent work in this area is Baldus B (2017) Origins of Inequality in Human Societies New York: Routledge. Address: Professor Emeritus, Department of Sociology, University of Toronto, 437 Montrose Avenue, Toronto, ON M6G 3H2, Canada. Email: bernd.baldus@utoronto.ca
{"title":"Gregg M Olsen, Poverty and Austerity amid Prosperity: A Comparative Introduction","authors":"K. Desjarlais-deKlerk","doi":"10.1177/02685809221102715a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221102715a","url":null,"abstract":"Bernd Baldus studied at the universities of Cologne and Kiel (Germany) and the University of California at Los Angeles. He wrote his dissertation on a slave-holding society in Benin, West Africa. He has taught for many years at the University of Toronto. His research and publications focused on the evolution of social structures, especially the growth and consolidation of inequality. His most recent work in this area is Baldus B (2017) Origins of Inequality in Human Societies New York: Routledge. Address: Professor Emeritus, Department of Sociology, University of Toronto, 437 Montrose Avenue, Toronto, ON M6G 3H2, Canada. Email: bernd.baldus@utoronto.ca","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"37 1","pages":"262 - 264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44289706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1177/02685809221102497a
Albert Hawks
Wuthnow closes by formalizing his concept of agonistic religious practice. Summarizing the evidence presented, this form of practice is manifest among religious populations who promote socio-religious praxis involving diverse values, theologies, traditions, and people groups. It embraces these differences being in conflict, in contrast to models of tolerance and coexistence that attempt to smooth over differences and represent diverse religious expressions as essentially similar. Agonistic religious practice shares some common ground with reconciliation efforts, by aiming to collectively reach solutions to social problems, but ultimately differs by promoting spirited advocacy among diverse populations. This has come to characterize much of US religious practice, reshaping public controversies into healthy democratic practices. Wuthnow’s latest book should inspire sociologists to return to the study of democracy. Wuthnow makes a strong case for religion’s unique contributions to the health of US democracy with a fair, integrative treatment of counterevidence. He provides careful challenges to assumptions sociologists may have on the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of government, sacralization ideology, and other controversies. As a final nod to his central argument, this makes the book a useful contributor to thoughtful and important debates. This book is also well written. It can be enjoyed by scholars and laypeople alike. It is worth citing in peer-reviewed publications, and it would make a great teaching resource for undergraduate and graduate courses.
{"title":"Peter Baldwin, Command and Persuade: Crime, Law, and the State across History","authors":"Albert Hawks","doi":"10.1177/02685809221102497a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221102497a","url":null,"abstract":"Wuthnow closes by formalizing his concept of agonistic religious practice. Summarizing the evidence presented, this form of practice is manifest among religious populations who promote socio-religious praxis involving diverse values, theologies, traditions, and people groups. It embraces these differences being in conflict, in contrast to models of tolerance and coexistence that attempt to smooth over differences and represent diverse religious expressions as essentially similar. Agonistic religious practice shares some common ground with reconciliation efforts, by aiming to collectively reach solutions to social problems, but ultimately differs by promoting spirited advocacy among diverse populations. This has come to characterize much of US religious practice, reshaping public controversies into healthy democratic practices. Wuthnow’s latest book should inspire sociologists to return to the study of democracy. Wuthnow makes a strong case for religion’s unique contributions to the health of US democracy with a fair, integrative treatment of counterevidence. He provides careful challenges to assumptions sociologists may have on the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of government, sacralization ideology, and other controversies. As a final nod to his central argument, this makes the book a useful contributor to thoughtful and important debates. This book is also well written. It can be enjoyed by scholars and laypeople alike. It is worth citing in peer-reviewed publications, and it would make a great teaching resource for undergraduate and graduate courses.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"37 1","pages":"217 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43854516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1177/02685809221102495b
Yonghua Liu
The issue of how to deal with the relationship between individuals and society, or behavior and structure, has always been at the core of the discussion of sociological theory. Theorists often have different stands and stick to their own views on the issue of whether the society has a repressive power on individuals or individuals have positive initiative. Past Bound, by Liu Yaqiu, attempts to respond to this core issue in sociological theory from the perspective of the ethics of memory, finding another possibility, especially in subtleties between individual and society. The traditional memory theory has also been placed in the debate about society and individuals. In this memory theory, society plays a decisive role in memory, which is particularly the most evident in ‘presentist’ of memory theory.
{"title":"Yaqiu Liu, 被束缚的过去: 记忆伦理中的个人与社会","authors":"Yonghua Liu","doi":"10.1177/02685809221102495b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221102495b","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of how to deal with the relationship between individuals and society, or behavior and structure, has always been at the core of the discussion of sociological theory. Theorists often have different stands and stick to their own views on the issue of whether the society has a repressive power on individuals or individuals have positive initiative. Past Bound, by Liu Yaqiu, attempts to respond to this core issue in sociological theory from the perspective of the ethics of memory, finding another possibility, especially in subtleties between individual and society. The traditional memory theory has also been placed in the debate about society and individuals. In this memory theory, society plays a decisive role in memory, which is particularly the most evident in ‘presentist’ of memory theory.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"37 1","pages":"210 - 213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44113292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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