Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.1177/02685809221143980
Claudio E Benzecry
In its seven theses, this article discusses: (a) how different qualitative sociology is from other approaches; (b) the role of ‘casing’ in generating both units of analysis and settings; (c) the theoretical and empirical work of adjudicating what some emergent phenomena is a case of; (d) the ‘modelization’ through writing of our case as a research object; (e) the rhetorical construction of causality and the central role of ‘puzzles’ on it; (f) the reflexive epistemological vigilance about the role of the participant observer in producing the knowledge they generate; and (g) the reconceptualization of qualitative sociology as a type of epistemological package, and of theorization, in consequence, as a kind of practical activity.
{"title":"How do you know? Seven theses on qualitative sociology as theory and method","authors":"Claudio E Benzecry","doi":"10.1177/02685809221143980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221143980","url":null,"abstract":"In its seven theses, this article discusses: (a) how different qualitative sociology is from other approaches; (b) the role of ‘casing’ in generating both units of analysis and settings; (c) the theoretical and empirical work of adjudicating what some emergent phenomena is a case of; (d) the ‘modelization’ through writing of our case as a research object; (e) the rhetorical construction of causality and the central role of ‘puzzles’ on it; (f) the reflexive epistemological vigilance about the role of the participant observer in producing the knowledge they generate; and (g) the reconceptualization of qualitative sociology as a type of epistemological package, and of theorization, in consequence, as a kind of practical activity.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43709267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.1177/02685809221141010
Hanryeo Lim, Sungpyo Hong
The purpose of this study was to analyze the longitudinal causal relationship between gender role attitudes and the labor market participation of young women in Korea. This study used the data of 902 young women from the 2nd to the 7th waves of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families. The methods used were the autoregressive cross-lagged model and multivariate latent growth. Women’s participation in the labor market promoted equal gender role attitudes, and the effect had a lasting impact into the future. On the other hand, the fact that women had an equal gender role attitude did not have a significant effect on their subsequent labor market participation. In addition, the experience of pregnancy reduced women’s participation in the labor market, demonstrating women’s career interruption. Through the results of the study, the necessity of an active employment policy to promote women’s entry into the labor market and prevent career interruption was emphasized.
{"title":"Analysis of longitudinal causal relationships between gender role attitudes and labor market participation of young women in Korea","authors":"Hanryeo Lim, Sungpyo Hong","doi":"10.1177/02685809221141010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221141010","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to analyze the longitudinal causal relationship between gender role attitudes and the labor market participation of young women in Korea. This study used the data of 902 young women from the 2nd to the 7th waves of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families. The methods used were the autoregressive cross-lagged model and multivariate latent growth. Women’s participation in the labor market promoted equal gender role attitudes, and the effect had a lasting impact into the future. On the other hand, the fact that women had an equal gender role attitude did not have a significant effect on their subsequent labor market participation. In addition, the experience of pregnancy reduced women’s participation in the labor market, demonstrating women’s career interruption. Through the results of the study, the necessity of an active employment policy to promote women’s entry into the labor market and prevent career interruption was emphasized.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42556400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.1177/02685809221141009
Burcu Türk, Nurcan Hamzaoglu, Aslı Yayak, G. Şenyuva
In this study, the relationships between gender perceptions and ambivalent sexism were examined based on the fear of crime of the participants over 18. In this context, participants responded to the questions of the sociodemographic survey, gender perception scale, ambivalent sexism inventory, and fear of crime scale. According to the findings, the female participants were more frequently the victims of crime than men and more often exposed to hate crimes, sexual harassment, and domestic violence. Besides, the mean score of women’s fear of crime scale was found to be significantly higher than that of men. The mean score of the gender perception scale of female participants was significantly higher than that of men. A positive and significant relationship was found between the scores of gender perception and fear of crime scales. In other words, as gender perception increases, the fear of being a victim of a crime also increases.
{"title":"Fear of crime in the context of gender and ambivalent sexism in Turkey","authors":"Burcu Türk, Nurcan Hamzaoglu, Aslı Yayak, G. Şenyuva","doi":"10.1177/02685809221141009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221141009","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the relationships between gender perceptions and ambivalent sexism were examined based on the fear of crime of the participants over 18. In this context, participants responded to the questions of the sociodemographic survey, gender perception scale, ambivalent sexism inventory, and fear of crime scale. According to the findings, the female participants were more frequently the victims of crime than men and more often exposed to hate crimes, sexual harassment, and domestic violence. Besides, the mean score of women’s fear of crime scale was found to be significantly higher than that of men. The mean score of the gender perception scale of female participants was significantly higher than that of men. A positive and significant relationship was found between the scores of gender perception and fear of crime scales. In other words, as gender perception increases, the fear of being a victim of a crime also increases.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49260807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.1177/02685809221140321
Dongdong Pan, Yisu Zhou
Academic tutoring as a supplementary form of education has quickly spread across China. Tutoring has attracted young college-educated practitioners and has become a highly organized industry. The industry is fast-churning and opportunistic. This article examines the nature of tutors’ work using the qualitative data of 31 tutors and their managers in Beijing. Characteristics of tutoring are typical of precarious service labor with irregular work schedules, blurred work–life boundaries, and artificial emotional labor. However, we also found that tutors’ work was constrained by their invisible neighbor, schoolteachers, in a linked professional ecology. Tutors have limited jurisdiction over daily tasks and perform reactionary teaching based on school subjects. This lack of control has allowed the industry to rationalize their work, making tutors disposable. Our research offers new insights into the linked professions of tutors and schoolteachers. It enriches the concept of precarious and opportunistic labor practices from the sociology of professions perspective.
{"title":"Teaching under opportunism: The predicament of academic tutors in China","authors":"Dongdong Pan, Yisu Zhou","doi":"10.1177/02685809221140321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221140321","url":null,"abstract":"Academic tutoring as a supplementary form of education has quickly spread across China. Tutoring has attracted young college-educated practitioners and has become a highly organized industry. The industry is fast-churning and opportunistic. This article examines the nature of tutors’ work using the qualitative data of 31 tutors and their managers in Beijing. Characteristics of tutoring are typical of precarious service labor with irregular work schedules, blurred work–life boundaries, and artificial emotional labor. However, we also found that tutors’ work was constrained by their invisible neighbor, schoolteachers, in a linked professional ecology. Tutors have limited jurisdiction over daily tasks and perform reactionary teaching based on school subjects. This lack of control has allowed the industry to rationalize their work, making tutors disposable. Our research offers new insights into the linked professions of tutors and schoolteachers. It enriches the concept of precarious and opportunistic labor practices from the sociology of professions perspective.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44138754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-23DOI: 10.1177/02685809221138356
Maria Laura Ruiu, Gabriele Ruiu, Massimo Ragnedda
Based on an online survey conducted among a representative sample in the United Kingdom (n = 1013), this article investigates the role of traditional and new media in predicting climate change awareness. It suggests that individuals make choices under an ideological convincement that is organised within specific cultural and political-economic boundaries. It shows that the Gramscian concept of cultural hegemony is still valuable to make sense of an incessant process of formation and fragmentation of equilibria between social groups. Interpreting hegemony as a not totalitarian communicative process also suggests that the media represent a ground for counterhegemonies to flourish and trigger political transformation. This study constructs two indexes of both scepticism and advocacy of climate change by showing some traits of these two perspectives in the United Kingdom. It also shows that the division between sceptics and advocates’ convincement is not ‘black and white’, but a transitional space exists between hegemonic and counter-hegemonic forces.
{"title":"Lack of ‘common sense’ in the climate change debate: Media behaviour and climate change awareness in the UK","authors":"Maria Laura Ruiu, Gabriele Ruiu, Massimo Ragnedda","doi":"10.1177/02685809221138356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221138356","url":null,"abstract":"Based on an online survey conducted among a representative sample in the United Kingdom (n = 1013), this article investigates the role of traditional and new media in predicting climate change awareness. It suggests that individuals make choices under an ideological convincement that is organised within specific cultural and political-economic boundaries. It shows that the Gramscian concept of cultural hegemony is still valuable to make sense of an incessant process of formation and fragmentation of equilibria between social groups. Interpreting hegemony as a not totalitarian communicative process also suggests that the media represent a ground for counterhegemonies to flourish and trigger political transformation. This study constructs two indexes of both scepticism and advocacy of climate change by showing some traits of these two perspectives in the United Kingdom. It also shows that the division between sceptics and advocates’ convincement is not ‘black and white’, but a transitional space exists between hegemonic and counter-hegemonic forces.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48246030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1177/02685809221133055
A. Loconto, N. Arnold
Standards are strongly intertwined with values in economic contexts, which goes far beyond economic value. Standards’ diversity is expressed in local spaces where standards are made, put into action, circulate and commensurate. In these mutually linked and globally distributed spaces, we can analyze the ways in which standards and value(s) encounter each other and what consequences this brings for individuals, organizations, communities, and societies. Examining different settings of food production and organization brings new insights into the sociological explanations and understandings of how standards are guided by values and create value(s). These insights highlight new tensions between global and local social dynamics and offer two ways forward for the sociology of standards. First, is the importance of intermediation between the values of the standards and the governance effects of these same standards. Second, is the relevance of valuelessness, where the prioritization of some values devalues others or loses them completely.
{"title":"Governing value(s) and organizing through standards","authors":"A. Loconto, N. Arnold","doi":"10.1177/02685809221133055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221133055","url":null,"abstract":"Standards are strongly intertwined with values in economic contexts, which goes far beyond economic value. Standards’ diversity is expressed in local spaces where standards are made, put into action, circulate and commensurate. In these mutually linked and globally distributed spaces, we can analyze the ways in which standards and value(s) encounter each other and what consequences this brings for individuals, organizations, communities, and societies. Examining different settings of food production and organization brings new insights into the sociological explanations and understandings of how standards are guided by values and create value(s). These insights highlight new tensions between global and local social dynamics and offer two ways forward for the sociology of standards. First, is the importance of intermediation between the values of the standards and the governance effects of these same standards. Second, is the relevance of valuelessness, where the prioritization of some values devalues others or loses them completely.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46788964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.1177/02685809221115960
Carmen Mozo, Juana Moreno Nieto, Alicia Reigada
This article examines how health is constructed as an emerging value of quality standards in intensive agriculture in the province of Huelva (Spain) with a specific focus on the health and welfare of female seasonal migrant workers. Based on an ethnographic approach, the research draws on two sources: an analysis of Global G.A.P. quality standards documentation and qualitative in-depth interviews with four key social actors, including local producers, social and professional organisations, healthcare professionals and migrant women working on seasonal contracts. Drawing on theoretical contributions from convention theory and the socio-anthropological approach of political economy, the study identified imbalances between the meanings and practices around health and safety. Principally, the study concludes that norms established by quality standards focus almost exclusively on consumers’ health while neglecting the health costs and inequalities experienced by female agricultural workers.
{"title":"Health as an emerging value in the construction of quality of berries in Huelva (Spain)","authors":"Carmen Mozo, Juana Moreno Nieto, Alicia Reigada","doi":"10.1177/02685809221115960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221115960","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines how health is constructed as an emerging value of quality standards in intensive agriculture in the province of Huelva (Spain) with a specific focus on the health and welfare of female seasonal migrant workers. Based on an ethnographic approach, the research draws on two sources: an analysis of Global G.A.P. quality standards documentation and qualitative in-depth interviews with four key social actors, including local producers, social and professional organisations, healthcare professionals and migrant women working on seasonal contracts. Drawing on theoretical contributions from convention theory and the socio-anthropological approach of political economy, the study identified imbalances between the meanings and practices around health and safety. Principally, the study concludes that norms established by quality standards focus almost exclusively on consumers’ health while neglecting the health costs and inequalities experienced by female agricultural workers.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48548237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.1177/02685809221119289
M. Renard
The ‘sustainable’ coffee industry has experienced steady expansion in recent decades, due to the emerging demand and values of consumers. Coffee corporations have invested in this market segment, participating in multi-stakeholder initiatives through which they seek to control the definitions of sustainability and to secure the supply chain. After highlighting the ambiguity of the concept of sustainability, the article analyzes the impacts of the 4C code of conduct adopted by Nestlé, in the context of Mexico’s growing coffee crisis. It highlights the existing dissonance between the sustainability proclaimed by the code of conduct and the reality in the coffee producing regions of Mexico where Nestlé sources 4C certified coffee. It concludes that the application of this code is far from adhering to the values of economic, social, and environmental sustainability that it claims to defend.
{"title":"Values and the making of standards in ‘sustainable’ coffee networks: The case of 4C and Nestlé in México","authors":"M. Renard","doi":"10.1177/02685809221119289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221119289","url":null,"abstract":"The ‘sustainable’ coffee industry has experienced steady expansion in recent decades, due to the emerging demand and values of consumers. Coffee corporations have invested in this market segment, participating in multi-stakeholder initiatives through which they seek to control the definitions of sustainability and to secure the supply chain. After highlighting the ambiguity of the concept of sustainability, the article analyzes the impacts of the 4C code of conduct adopted by Nestlé, in the context of Mexico’s growing coffee crisis. It highlights the existing dissonance between the sustainability proclaimed by the code of conduct and the reality in the coffee producing regions of Mexico where Nestlé sources 4C certified coffee. It concludes that the application of this code is far from adhering to the values of economic, social, and environmental sustainability that it claims to defend.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47903729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1177/02685809221138018
D. Pathak
Reading public sociology with Burawoy amounts to an engagement with the process of being and becoming a sociologist. The blending of text and context offers a hermeneutics in which theory and theorist are political actors striving for dialectic of utopia and anti-utopia. In such a scheme this article turns inward to the context of sociology and anthropology in South Asia to adjudge the limits and possibility of public sociology.
{"title":"Being and becoming (of/with) Burawoy: An anxious apprehension of public sociology in South Asia","authors":"D. Pathak","doi":"10.1177/02685809221138018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221138018","url":null,"abstract":"Reading public sociology with Burawoy amounts to an engagement with the process of being and becoming a sociologist. The blending of text and context offers a hermeneutics in which theory and theorist are political actors striving for dialectic of utopia and anti-utopia. In such a scheme this article turns inward to the context of sociology and anthropology in South Asia to adjudge the limits and possibility of public sociology.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45863760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1177/02685809221138462d
J. Subrt
political impact, but stresses that Mi Meng had to shut down her business because of concerns by officials. The chapter offers a nuanced discussion of the interplay between political and economic concerns of an important Internet user that supports the network of visibility approach of Shaohua Guo’s book with many details. The book’s strength lies in the collection of large amounts of data into representative snapshots of specific developments of the Internet in China. In particular, the sections on Furong Jiejie, Mu Zimei, Han Han and Mi Meng are worth reading for the breadth and depth of materials presented. The book is let down, though, by the many mistakes and omissions it contains. User statistics are quoted without dates, historical developments are presented with mixed up timelines, the text contains numerous factual errors, ultimately rendering it unreliable as a source of knowledge about the general evolution of the Internet in China.
{"title":"Carceral KC and Flaherty MG, The Cage of Days: Time and Temporal Experience in Prison","authors":"J. Subrt","doi":"10.1177/02685809221138462d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809221138462d","url":null,"abstract":"political impact, but stresses that Mi Meng had to shut down her business because of concerns by officials. The chapter offers a nuanced discussion of the interplay between political and economic concerns of an important Internet user that supports the network of visibility approach of Shaohua Guo’s book with many details. The book’s strength lies in the collection of large amounts of data into representative snapshots of specific developments of the Internet in China. In particular, the sections on Furong Jiejie, Mu Zimei, Han Han and Mi Meng are worth reading for the breadth and depth of materials presented. The book is let down, though, by the many mistakes and omissions it contains. User statistics are quoted without dates, historical developments are presented with mixed up timelines, the text contains numerous factual errors, ultimately rendering it unreliable as a source of knowledge about the general evolution of the Internet in China.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45932145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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