Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.1177/02685809231200799
Susana Narotzky, Bibiana Martínez Álvarez
The cost of living we envision here stems from an interpretation of the ‘cost of living’ phrase which addresses (1) macro indicators of inflation, (2) the difference between farm gate price and consumer price as a cost to farmers that endangers their viability, and (3) how this cost transfers to the wages of workers and endangers their livelihood. Finally, (4) we wish to highlight that the energy that needs to be invested to assure social reproduction at the scale of individuals and households – workers and employers in agriculture – and at the scale of entire political communities such as the nation-state or the European Union, is translated into moral dilemmas that mediate and produce material results – in people’s bodies, in the environment, in political mobilizations of different kinds. The ‘cost of living’ here expands into the multiple and situated meanings of what it costs to live and the practices that they support.
{"title":"Moral dilemmas in food provisioning: Inflation, the claim for ‘just prices’ and for ‘fair wages’","authors":"Susana Narotzky, Bibiana Martínez Álvarez","doi":"10.1177/02685809231200799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809231200799","url":null,"abstract":"The cost of living we envision here stems from an interpretation of the ‘cost of living’ phrase which addresses (1) macro indicators of inflation, (2) the difference between farm gate price and consumer price as a cost to farmers that endangers their viability, and (3) how this cost transfers to the wages of workers and endangers their livelihood. Finally, (4) we wish to highlight that the energy that needs to be invested to assure social reproduction at the scale of individuals and households – workers and employers in agriculture – and at the scale of entire political communities such as the nation-state or the European Union, is translated into moral dilemmas that mediate and produce material results – in people’s bodies, in the environment, in political mobilizations of different kinds. The ‘cost of living’ here expands into the multiple and situated meanings of what it costs to live and the practices that they support.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135483194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.1177/02685809231198004
Eugênia Motta, Federico Neiburg
This article deals with how residents of a favela region known as the Complexo da Maré (Maré Complex), in the city of Rio de Janeiro, experienced price increase, particularly in food and energy, during 2021 and 2022, still in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We use the concept of alignment (and its derivatives, such as misalignment and realignment) to analyse the different ways of navigating an increase in the cost of living through accommodating material changes and future perspectives at different scales: from the ideals of a good life desired by people and families to decisions that need to be taken immediately or in a proximate future. We call alignment work the daily activities through which people and families deal with the instability of income, variation in money flows, the management of frustrations with the restrictions imposed by inflation, and the maintenance of significant ties which are altered or placed at risk by the crisis.
本文讨论了在2019冠状病毒病大流行的背景下，里约热内卢市一个名为Complexo da mar (mar Complex)的贫民窟地区的居民如何在2021年和2022年期间经历价格上涨，特别是食品和能源价格上涨。我们使用校准(及其衍生概念，如错位和重新校准)的概念来分析通过适应不同尺度的物质变化和未来前景来应对生活成本增加的不同方式:从人们和家庭所期望的美好生活的理想到需要立即或在不久的将来采取的决定。我们把协调工作称为日常活动，人们和家庭通过这些活动来应对收入的不稳定、资金流动的变化、对通货膨胀所施加的限制的挫折的管理，以及维持因危机而改变或处于危险中的重要关系。
{"title":"Misalignments: House money and inflationary experiences","authors":"Eugênia Motta, Federico Neiburg","doi":"10.1177/02685809231198004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809231198004","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with how residents of a favela region known as the Complexo da Maré (Maré Complex), in the city of Rio de Janeiro, experienced price increase, particularly in food and energy, during 2021 and 2022, still in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We use the concept of alignment (and its derivatives, such as misalignment and realignment) to analyse the different ways of navigating an increase in the cost of living through accommodating material changes and future perspectives at different scales: from the ideals of a good life desired by people and families to decisions that need to be taken immediately or in a proximate future. We call alignment work the daily activities through which people and families deal with the instability of income, variation in money flows, the management of frustrations with the restrictions imposed by inflation, and the maintenance of significant ties which are altered or placed at risk by the crisis.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135199402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.1177/02685809231198159
Mercedes Fernández-Alonso
The intimate relationships of the older population have seldom been analyzed from a sociological perspective. This study provides novel information on what is desired in a partner after the age of 50 in Spain. The academic debate on this topic has been limited. Therefore, the contribution of this article is mainly an exploration of the empirical data. The database used is the Spanish General Social Survey prepared by the Sociological Research Center. The results indicate that personality is the most valued factor, followed by values and physical appearance. The variables with the greatest explanatory power in the estimated multinomial logit model are age, sex, level of education and cohabitation status. Educational homogamy appears among those with higher levels of education, with men more interested in physical appearance and women more interested in values and education. These last two characteristics are also more highly valued among those who are older.
{"title":"What do people look for in a potential partner after the age of 50?","authors":"Mercedes Fernández-Alonso","doi":"10.1177/02685809231198159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809231198159","url":null,"abstract":"The intimate relationships of the older population have seldom been analyzed from a sociological perspective. This study provides novel information on what is desired in a partner after the age of 50 in Spain. The academic debate on this topic has been limited. Therefore, the contribution of this article is mainly an exploration of the empirical data. The database used is the Spanish General Social Survey prepared by the Sociological Research Center. The results indicate that personality is the most valued factor, followed by values and physical appearance. The variables with the greatest explanatory power in the estimated multinomial logit model are age, sex, level of education and cohabitation status. Educational homogamy appears among those with higher levels of education, with men more interested in physical appearance and women more interested in values and education. These last two characteristics are also more highly valued among those who are older.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135815684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-22DOI: 10.1177/02685809231195958
Yuki Asahina, Jiehyun Roh, Jaeseog Yang
This article examines how newspaper coverage of inequality differs in Japan and South Korea, countries with comparable levels and nature of income inequality, but whose citizens maintain different attitudes toward it. Analyzing 18,630 articles in six major newspapers from 1990 to 2021, our analysis found (1) Japanese and South Korean newspapers report surprisingly little about inequality even in a period of growing inequality; (2) while South Korean newspapers significantly increased their coverage of within-country inequality in the 2010s, such a trend is not found in Japan; (3) progressive newspapers largely drive the increase in the coverage of inequality in South Korea. We also look closely into the four major topics within inequality coverage – income, employment, generation, and gender – to elaborate on qualitative differences in the ways inequality is discussed in newspapers in both societies. Our findings suggest that there exist nationally specific patterns of inequality coverage and offer important implications for the ongoing discussion about economic inequality in East Asia, as well as the literature on subjective inequality.
{"title":"National patterns of inequality coverage: Japanese and South Korean newspapers, 1990–2021","authors":"Yuki Asahina, Jiehyun Roh, Jaeseog Yang","doi":"10.1177/02685809231195958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809231195958","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines how newspaper coverage of inequality differs in Japan and South Korea, countries with comparable levels and nature of income inequality, but whose citizens maintain different attitudes toward it. Analyzing 18,630 articles in six major newspapers from 1990 to 2021, our analysis found (1) Japanese and South Korean newspapers report surprisingly little about inequality even in a period of growing inequality; (2) while South Korean newspapers significantly increased their coverage of within-country inequality in the 2010s, such a trend is not found in Japan; (3) progressive newspapers largely drive the increase in the coverage of inequality in South Korea. We also look closely into the four major topics within inequality coverage – income, employment, generation, and gender – to elaborate on qualitative differences in the ways inequality is discussed in newspapers in both societies. Our findings suggest that there exist nationally specific patterns of inequality coverage and offer important implications for the ongoing discussion about economic inequality in East Asia, as well as the literature on subjective inequality.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"336 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136061095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.1177/02685809231195956
Martina Yopo Díaz, Alejandra Abufhele
Delayed parenthood characterizes family formation in developed countries and is also emerging in developing countries. In Latin America, fertility trends have been historically characterized by early family formation and adolescent childbearing. Recent studies indicate emerging trends of late fertility, but there is conflicting empirical evidence on whether and why parenthood is being postponed. This mixed-methods study examines the trends and determinants of late fertility in Chile, focusing on whether and why women are delaying first childbearing. Quantitative findings indicate an increase in the age at first birth driven by a rise of the proportion of women becoming mothers after 30 years and a decrease of adolescent childbearing. Estimations show differences in the timing of first childbearing according to education, employment, and marital status. Qualitative findings suggest that delaying first childbearing is driven by aspirations of self-realization, emerging gender norms, intensification of mothering, partnership insecurity, and precarious social conditions for having children.
{"title":"Beyond early motherhood: Trends and determinants of late fertility in Chile","authors":"Martina Yopo Díaz, Alejandra Abufhele","doi":"10.1177/02685809231195956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809231195956","url":null,"abstract":"Delayed parenthood characterizes family formation in developed countries and is also emerging in developing countries. In Latin America, fertility trends have been historically characterized by early family formation and adolescent childbearing. Recent studies indicate emerging trends of late fertility, but there is conflicting empirical evidence on whether and why parenthood is being postponed. This mixed-methods study examines the trends and determinants of late fertility in Chile, focusing on whether and why women are delaying first childbearing. Quantitative findings indicate an increase in the age at first birth driven by a rise of the proportion of women becoming mothers after 30 years and a decrease of adolescent childbearing. Estimations show differences in the timing of first childbearing according to education, employment, and marital status. Qualitative findings suggest that delaying first childbearing is driven by aspirations of self-realization, emerging gender norms, intensification of mothering, partnership insecurity, and precarious social conditions for having children.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49260434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1177/02685809231194154
George Hong Jiang
The prospect of democracy seems gloomy, as post-lockdown policies show no sign of democratic revival (Economist Intelligence, 2023), and strongman politics is becoming popular in the global stage (Rachman, 2022). While new quasi-autocracies, for example, electoral autocracies, are posing new challenges to international politics, they share some characters with the revolutionary dictatorship which mushroomed in the twentieth century. The key of the shared patterns lies in how an autocratic regime stabilizes itself. In sociology, for example, Max Weber (2005) has highlighted the importance of legitimacy (charismatic, traditional, and legal-formal) for political domination (see also Schluchter, 1985). In economics, the existence of a strong state apparatus is often rationalized by the aims to achieve collective actions and facilitate economic growth (e.g. Olson, 2000). In politics, the degree of democratic development is associated with the emergence of an effective state and/or the rule of law, contributing to stability/instability of a regime (Fukuyama, 2012). Instead of studying dictatorship in general, Levitsky and Way focus on the revolutionary regimes in the twentieth century. As stated in Chapter 1, the revolutionary regimes are surprisingly durable in that on average they have much longer regime longevity than nonrevolutionary regimes, and they managed to survive many crises that would normally have toppled a regime. They are mostly exempt from military coup d’état (e.g. China, Iran); As weak as some revolutionary regimes are, they are able to withstand strong foreign pressure (e.g. Cuba, Vietnam); Most revolutionary regimes can effectively quell domestic uprisings. Unique characters of the revolutionary regimes play a key role in their survival. Aiming to explain their durability, the book has a very clear argument: severe counter-revolutionary conflicts reacting to radical revolutionary actions foster three pillars, that is, a cohesive ruling party, a powerful and loyal state apparatus, and the extermination of alternative power centers, thereby contributing to durable authoritarianism, while the 1194154 ISS0010.1177/02685809231194154International SociologyReviews: Political Sociology review-article2023
{"title":"Steven Levitsky and Lucan Way, Revolution and Dictatorship: The Violent Origins of Durable Authoritarianism","authors":"George Hong Jiang","doi":"10.1177/02685809231194154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809231194154","url":null,"abstract":"The prospect of democracy seems gloomy, as post-lockdown policies show no sign of democratic revival (Economist Intelligence, 2023), and strongman politics is becoming popular in the global stage (Rachman, 2022). While new quasi-autocracies, for example, electoral autocracies, are posing new challenges to international politics, they share some characters with the revolutionary dictatorship which mushroomed in the twentieth century. The key of the shared patterns lies in how an autocratic regime stabilizes itself. In sociology, for example, Max Weber (2005) has highlighted the importance of legitimacy (charismatic, traditional, and legal-formal) for political domination (see also Schluchter, 1985). In economics, the existence of a strong state apparatus is often rationalized by the aims to achieve collective actions and facilitate economic growth (e.g. Olson, 2000). In politics, the degree of democratic development is associated with the emergence of an effective state and/or the rule of law, contributing to stability/instability of a regime (Fukuyama, 2012). Instead of studying dictatorship in general, Levitsky and Way focus on the revolutionary regimes in the twentieth century. As stated in Chapter 1, the revolutionary regimes are surprisingly durable in that on average they have much longer regime longevity than nonrevolutionary regimes, and they managed to survive many crises that would normally have toppled a regime. They are mostly exempt from military coup d’état (e.g. China, Iran); As weak as some revolutionary regimes are, they are able to withstand strong foreign pressure (e.g. Cuba, Vietnam); Most revolutionary regimes can effectively quell domestic uprisings. Unique characters of the revolutionary regimes play a key role in their survival. Aiming to explain their durability, the book has a very clear argument: severe counter-revolutionary conflicts reacting to radical revolutionary actions foster three pillars, that is, a cohesive ruling party, a powerful and loyal state apparatus, and the extermination of alternative power centers, thereby contributing to durable authoritarianism, while the 1194154 ISS0010.1177/02685809231194154International SociologyReviews: Political Sociology review-article2023","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"38 1","pages":"571 - 574"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45409138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1177/02685809231194135
Christopher Adair-Toteff
Nihilistic Times: Thinking with Max Weber is a work that discusses what nihilism is and offers a possible means for overcoming it. Wendy Brown uses Nietzsche as the expert on nihilism and Max Weber as the thinker who offers a possible way to fight it. Brown references many of Nietzsche’s published and unpublished writings, but she focuses mainly on Weber’s two ‘Vocation’ lectures: ‘Wissenschaft als Beruf’ and ‘Politik als Beruf’; actually, she uses the translations ‘Science as Vocation’ and ‘Politics as Vocation’. This book is a revised and expanded version of the Tanner Lectures that she gave during November 2019. It is highly successful when read as a political work, but if read as a piece of scholarship, it is less successful. The book has four sections: ‘Introduction’, ‘Politics’, ‘Knowledge’, and ‘Afterword’. In the ‘Introduction’, Brown explains that the focus of the Tanner Lectures is to discuss values, and it has a goal to bring together values and knowledge which the Enlightenment had separated. Brown emphasizes that merging them now is critical, given the plethora of problems confronting humanity. She notes that it may seem counterintuitive to invoke Max Weber because he not only embraced the distinction between facts and values; he also seemed complicit with ‘some of the most sinister forces contouring our present’. Furthermore, Brown insists ‘Weber was a dark thinker’ (p. 7) and certainly he had a reputation as being volcanic. But he was realistic and that provides Brown with the first of three reasons to ‘think’ with Weber. The second was his willingness to confront the crises of liberalism. The third one which animates these essays was ‘his deep confrontation with the intellectual and political predicaments of our nihilistic epoch’ (pp. 7–10). Brown does not mean that all values have vanished nor does she suggest Weber thought the world lacked all meaning. However, she does insist that the world lost much of the basis for values when science replaced religion. She also insists that 1194135 ISS0010.1177/02685809231194135International SociologyReviews: Sociology and Sociologists review-article2023
{"title":"Wendy Brown, Nihilistic Times: Thinking with Max Weber","authors":"Christopher Adair-Toteff","doi":"10.1177/02685809231194135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809231194135","url":null,"abstract":"Nihilistic Times: Thinking with Max Weber is a work that discusses what nihilism is and offers a possible means for overcoming it. Wendy Brown uses Nietzsche as the expert on nihilism and Max Weber as the thinker who offers a possible way to fight it. Brown references many of Nietzsche’s published and unpublished writings, but she focuses mainly on Weber’s two ‘Vocation’ lectures: ‘Wissenschaft als Beruf’ and ‘Politik als Beruf’; actually, she uses the translations ‘Science as Vocation’ and ‘Politics as Vocation’. This book is a revised and expanded version of the Tanner Lectures that she gave during November 2019. It is highly successful when read as a political work, but if read as a piece of scholarship, it is less successful. The book has four sections: ‘Introduction’, ‘Politics’, ‘Knowledge’, and ‘Afterword’. In the ‘Introduction’, Brown explains that the focus of the Tanner Lectures is to discuss values, and it has a goal to bring together values and knowledge which the Enlightenment had separated. Brown emphasizes that merging them now is critical, given the plethora of problems confronting humanity. She notes that it may seem counterintuitive to invoke Max Weber because he not only embraced the distinction between facts and values; he also seemed complicit with ‘some of the most sinister forces contouring our present’. Furthermore, Brown insists ‘Weber was a dark thinker’ (p. 7) and certainly he had a reputation as being volcanic. But he was realistic and that provides Brown with the first of three reasons to ‘think’ with Weber. The second was his willingness to confront the crises of liberalism. The third one which animates these essays was ‘his deep confrontation with the intellectual and political predicaments of our nihilistic epoch’ (pp. 7–10). Brown does not mean that all values have vanished nor does she suggest Weber thought the world lacked all meaning. However, she does insist that the world lost much of the basis for values when science replaced religion. She also insists that 1194135 ISS0010.1177/02685809231194135International SociologyReviews: Sociology and Sociologists review-article2023","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"38 1","pages":"562 - 564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41737518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1177/02685809231194158
Jack Palmer
Since its publication, Creolizing the Modern has won both the René Wellek Prize for outstanding books in the discipline of comparative literature and the Barrington Moore Book Award for the best book in comparative historical sociology. Few, if any, books can lay claim to receiving such esteemed accolades across the disciplines of sociology and literary studies and this alone should give the reader a sense of the significance that this intervention represents. A product of collaboration between a literary scholar (Anca Parvulescu) and a sociologist (Manuela Boatcă), the book is based around a close textual reading of Liviu Rebreanu’s 1920 modernist novel, Ion, which centres on struggle of its eponymous character for land ownership in the Transylvanian village of Pripas (now named after Liviu Rebreanu) in the early twentieth century. In Creolizing the Modern, Ion is situated within what the late French literary critic, Pascale Casanova, called the ‘world republic of letters’, a stratified and unequal global network of genre conventions, stylistic orders and linguistic systems. This notion of ‘world literature’ is itself melded with what Immanuel Wallerstein theorized as the capitalist ‘world system’, denoting the historical development of a transnational economy and an accompanying division of labour which divides the world into ‘core’, ‘peripheral’ and ‘semi-peripheral’ regions. Ion takes on a double significance in this meeting of world literature and world system. On the one hand, Ion is a modernist novel set in a rural part of a semi-peripheral region, written in the peripheralized language of Romanian and published within a marginal system of national literary institutions. This, resultantly, means that the novel has remained ‘virtually non-existent for global audiences’ (p. 12), a fact reflected in the difficulty of obtaining an English translation today (two versions exist, both produced in the 1960s and mostly held in university libraries having been acquired during the area studies heyday of the Cold War). On the other hand, Ion itself thematizes the formation of the capitalist world system and its attendant regimes of class, gender, ethnic and religious hierarchy. Over the course of Creolizing the Modern, various characters and passages from Ion are evoked to refract and connect themes such as the 1194158 ISS0010.1177/02685809231194158International SociologyReview: Historical Sociology review-article2023
自出版以来，《Creolizing the Modern》获得了勒内·韦勒克比较文学学科杰出图书奖和巴林顿·摩尔比较历史社会学最佳图书奖。很少有书能在社会学和文学研究领域获得如此受人尊敬的赞誉，仅此一点就应该让读者感受到这种干预所代表的意义。这本书是文学学者（Anca Parvulescu）和社会学家（Manuela Boatcă。在《Creolizing the Modern》中，Ion位于已故法国文学评论家Pascale Casanova所称的“世界字母共和国”中，这是一个由流派惯例、风格秩序和语言系统组成的分层和不平等的全球网络。这种“世界文学”的概念本身与伊曼纽尔·沃勒斯坦（Immanuel Wallerstein）所理论的资本主义“世界体系”相融合，后者表示跨国经济的历史发展以及随之而来的将世界划分为“核心”、“外围”和“半外围”区域的劳动分工。《离子》在这场世界文学与世界体系的交汇中具有双重意义。一方面，《离子》是一部以半周边地区农村为背景的现代主义小说，用罗马尼亚语的周边语言写成，并在国家文学机构的边缘体系中出版。因此，这意味着这部小说“对全球观众来说几乎不存在”（第12页），这一事实反映在今天很难获得英文译本上（有两个版本，都是在20世纪60年代制作的，大多保存在大学图书馆，是在冷战时期地区研究的鼎盛时期获得的）。另一方面，Ion本身将资本主义世界体系的形成及其随之而来的阶级、性别、种族和宗教等级制度主题化。在Creolizing the Modern的过程中，Ion的各种人物和段落被唤起，以折射和连接主题，如1194158 ISS0010.1177/02685809231194158国际社会学评论：历史社会学评论-文章2023
{"title":"Anca Parvulescu and Manuela Boatcă, Creolizing the Modern: Transylvania Across Empires","authors":"Jack Palmer","doi":"10.1177/02685809231194158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809231194158","url":null,"abstract":"Since its publication, Creolizing the Modern has won both the René Wellek Prize for outstanding books in the discipline of comparative literature and the Barrington Moore Book Award for the best book in comparative historical sociology. Few, if any, books can lay claim to receiving such esteemed accolades across the disciplines of sociology and literary studies and this alone should give the reader a sense of the significance that this intervention represents. A product of collaboration between a literary scholar (Anca Parvulescu) and a sociologist (Manuela Boatcă), the book is based around a close textual reading of Liviu Rebreanu’s 1920 modernist novel, Ion, which centres on struggle of its eponymous character for land ownership in the Transylvanian village of Pripas (now named after Liviu Rebreanu) in the early twentieth century. In Creolizing the Modern, Ion is situated within what the late French literary critic, Pascale Casanova, called the ‘world republic of letters’, a stratified and unequal global network of genre conventions, stylistic orders and linguistic systems. This notion of ‘world literature’ is itself melded with what Immanuel Wallerstein theorized as the capitalist ‘world system’, denoting the historical development of a transnational economy and an accompanying division of labour which divides the world into ‘core’, ‘peripheral’ and ‘semi-peripheral’ regions. Ion takes on a double significance in this meeting of world literature and world system. On the one hand, Ion is a modernist novel set in a rural part of a semi-peripheral region, written in the peripheralized language of Romanian and published within a marginal system of national literary institutions. This, resultantly, means that the novel has remained ‘virtually non-existent for global audiences’ (p. 12), a fact reflected in the difficulty of obtaining an English translation today (two versions exist, both produced in the 1960s and mostly held in university libraries having been acquired during the area studies heyday of the Cold War). On the other hand, Ion itself thematizes the formation of the capitalist world system and its attendant regimes of class, gender, ethnic and religious hierarchy. Over the course of Creolizing the Modern, various characters and passages from Ion are evoked to refract and connect themes such as the 1194158 ISS0010.1177/02685809231194158International SociologyReview: Historical Sociology review-article2023","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"38 1","pages":"585 - 588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48102998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1177/02685809231194154c
Amany Abdelrazek-Alsiefy
Forchtner B (2019) The Far Right and the Environment: Politics, Discourse and Communication. New York: Routledge. İnal O (2022) Authoritarianism, populism, and the environment in Turkey. Environmental History 27(4): 634–641. Kaczynski TJ (1995) Industrial society and its future. The Washington Post. Available at: https:// www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/unabomber/manifesto.text.htm Lubarda B (2020) Beyond ecofascism? Far-right ecologism (FRE) as a framework for future inquiries. Environmental Values 29(6): 713–732. Ofstehage A, Wolford W and Borras SM Jr (2022) Contemporary Populism and the Environment. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 47: 671–696. Sedrez L (2022) Scorched land: The erosion of environmental governance during the Bolsonaro Administration. Environmental History 27(4): 657–664. Silke A and Morrison J (2022) Gathering storm: An introduction to the special issue on climate change and terrorism. Terrorism and Political Violence 34(5): 883–893. Staudenmaier P (2013) Organic farming in Nazi Germany: The politics of biodynamic agriculture, 1933–1945. Environmental History 18(2): 383–411. Staudenmaier P (2022) Ecology Contested: Environmental Politics between Left and Right. Porsgrunn: New Compass Press. Taylor B (2019) Alt-right ecology: Ecofascism and far-right environmentalism in the United States. In: Forchtner B (ed.) The Far Right and the Environment. New York: Routledge, pp. 275–292.
{"title":"Moncef Marzouki, الدوحة .مجدد سياسي لفكر أسس أي : والبدائل المراجعات: [Reviews and Alternatives: Which Foundations for a Renewed Political Thought?] منصف ،المرزوقي","authors":"Amany Abdelrazek-Alsiefy","doi":"10.1177/02685809231194154c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02685809231194154c","url":null,"abstract":"Forchtner B (2019) The Far Right and the Environment: Politics, Discourse and Communication. New York: Routledge. İnal O (2022) Authoritarianism, populism, and the environment in Turkey. Environmental History 27(4): 634–641. Kaczynski TJ (1995) Industrial society and its future. The Washington Post. Available at: https:// www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/unabomber/manifesto.text.htm Lubarda B (2020) Beyond ecofascism? Far-right ecologism (FRE) as a framework for future inquiries. Environmental Values 29(6): 713–732. Ofstehage A, Wolford W and Borras SM Jr (2022) Contemporary Populism and the Environment. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 47: 671–696. Sedrez L (2022) Scorched land: The erosion of environmental governance during the Bolsonaro Administration. Environmental History 27(4): 657–664. Silke A and Morrison J (2022) Gathering storm: An introduction to the special issue on climate change and terrorism. Terrorism and Political Violence 34(5): 883–893. Staudenmaier P (2013) Organic farming in Nazi Germany: The politics of biodynamic agriculture, 1933–1945. Environmental History 18(2): 383–411. Staudenmaier P (2022) Ecology Contested: Environmental Politics between Left and Right. Porsgrunn: New Compass Press. Taylor B (2019) Alt-right ecology: Ecofascism and far-right environmentalism in the United States. In: Forchtner B (ed.) The Far Right and the Environment. New York: Routledge, pp. 275–292.","PeriodicalId":47662,"journal":{"name":"International Sociology","volume":"38 1","pages":"581 - 584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42933441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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