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Interoception primes negative emotion processing during cognitive reappraisal: Electroencephalographical evidence 在认知再评价过程中,截获会激发负面情绪处理:脑电图证据
IF 5.3 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100515
Lele Chen , Fangmin Chen , Ke Bo , Jingyi Sun , Renlai Zhou
Interoception, which refers to sensing, interpreting, and integrating internal bodily signals, has been suggested to be associated with emotion regulation. Previous research has demonstrated individual differences in interoception and its impact on emotion regulation. However, the priming effect of interoception on emotion regulation and the underlying neural mechanisms remain unknown. This study aims to examine how interoception primes different strategies of cognitive reappraisal, using electroencephalography (EEG). Thirty-seven healthy participants completed an interoceptive priming task. We found that interoception increased the amplitudes of the late positive potential (LPP) during both interpretation and detachment strategies. The priming effect of interoception in enhancing LPP amplitudes lasted longer for interpretation than for detachment. A decrease in alpha power during reinterpretation was observed after interoceptive priming, but not during detachment. The results revealed that interoception enhanced attention to bodily signals associated with negative emotions during cognitive reappraisal. Interoception showed distinct effects on different strategies of cognitive reappraisal, with different underlying neural mechanisms. Interoception-based programs may be an effective way to enhance the capacity for cognitive reappraisal.
内感知是指对身体内部信号的感知、解释和整合,被认为与情绪调节有关。以往的研究已经证明了内感知的个体差异及其对情绪调节的影响。然而,内感知对情绪调节的引物效应及其背后的神经机制仍然未知。本研究旨在利用脑电图(EEG)研究内感知如何激发不同的认知再评价策略。37 名健康参与者完成了互感引物任务。我们发现,在解释和脱离两种策略中,内感知都会增加晚期正电位(LPP)的振幅。在解释过程中,内感知增强 LPP 振幅的引物效应比脱离过程持续时间更长。在互感引物作用下,重新解读时的α功率有所下降,而分离时则没有。结果表明,在认知再评价过程中,互感增强了对与负面情绪相关的身体信号的注意。内感知对不同的认知再评价策略有不同的影响,其潜在的神经机制也不同。基于互感的计划可能是提高认知再评价能力的有效方法。
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引用次数: 0
Neural and gaze pattern responses to happy faces in autism: Predictors of adaptive difficulties and re-evaluation of the social motivation hypothesis 自闭症患者对快乐面孔的神经和注视模式反应:适应困难的预测因素和社交动机假说的重新评估
IF 5.3 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100527
Mengyuan Yang , Lan Zhang , Zijie Wei , Pingping Zhang , Lei Xu , Lihui Huang , Keith M. Kendrick , Yi Lei , Juan Kou

Background

The “Social Motivation” hypothesis posits that social deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) arise from altered reward perception. However, few studies have examined neural and behavioral responses to social reward-related cues in low functioning ASD children with limited cognitive or language abilities.

Objective

This study investigated if young children with ASD show atypical gaze towards happy faces and its association with altered brain reward responses.

Methods

Eye-tracking was performed in 36 ASD and 36 typically developing (TD) children (2.5–6 years) viewing happy faces of children or emoticons. Functional near infrared spectroscopy was used to record group differences in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) activation simultaneously.

Results

Children with ASD showed increased pupil diameter and OFC activation compared to TD children when viewing all happy faces and gazed less at the eyes of actual faces and the mouths of emoticons. These atypical responses was associated with lower adaptive behavior scores and greater symptom severity.

Conclusion

Our research reveals distinct neural hyperactivity and viewing patterns in young children with ASD when presented with reward-related facial stimuli. These results contradict the Social Motivation Hypothesis. Children with ASD exhibit heightened levels of arousal and employ less efficient facial processing strategies. This heightened demand for cognitive resources could have long-term effects on children's well-being and may hinder their ability to develop adaptive skills effectively.
背景 "社交动机 "假说认为,自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的社交障碍源于奖赏感知的改变。本研究调查了患有自闭症谱系障碍的幼儿是否会对快乐的面孔表现出不典型的注视,以及这种注视是否与大脑奖赏反应的改变有关。方法对 36 名患有自闭症谱系障碍的幼儿和 36 名发育正常的幼儿(2.5-6 岁)进行眼球追踪,观察他们观看儿童或表情符号的快乐面孔的情况。结果与TD儿童相比,ASD儿童在观看所有开心面孔时,瞳孔直径和OFC激活程度都有所增加,而在观看真实面孔的眼睛和表情符号的嘴巴时,瞳孔直径和OFC激活程度都有所下降。这些非典型反应与较低的适应行为得分和较严重的症状有关。结论我们的研究揭示了 ASD 幼儿在受到与奖励相关的面部刺激时的独特神经过度活动和观看模式。这些结果与 "社会动机假说 "相矛盾。患有 ASD 的儿童会表现出更高的唤醒水平,并采用效率更低的面部处理策略。这种对认知资源的更高需求可能会对儿童的福祉产生长期影响,并可能阻碍他们有效发展适应技能的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Superhero in a skirt: Psychological resilience of Ukrainian refugee women in Poland. A thematic analysis 穿裙子的超级英雄:在波兰的乌克兰难民妇女的心理复原力。专题分析
IF 5.3 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100506
Maria Baran , Halina Grzymała-Moszczyńska , Marcelina Zjawińska , Larysa Sugay , Irena Pujszo , Yuliia Ovsiienko , Viktoriia Naritsa , Julia Niedziałek , Marta Boczkowska
This study delves into the diverse experiences of Ukrainian refugee women in Poland amid the ongoing Russian war, employing a community-based participatory action research approach in collaboration with a Polish foundation aiding Ukrainian war refugees. With the practical aim of formulating recommendations for the third sector assisting refugees, 33 semi-structured interviews (M = 40.29; SD = 11.41) were conducted between December 2022 and February 2023, seeking to understand and identify factors building and hindering psychological resilience. Our study unveiled the complexity and diversity of refugees' situations, revealing various coping strategies and distinct resources coexisting with psychological distress. Despite this diversity, certain common and often unmet needs (stability and safety, basic needs) were identified. The study also highlights refugees' agency, the need to prioritize current needs. The findings emphasize the significance of natural social support and varied coping strategies for fostering psychological resilience. Ongoing research is recommended to track the evolving well-being of Ukrainian refugee women in post-2022 Poland.
本研究采用基于社区的参与式行动研究方法,与波兰一家援助乌克兰战争难民的基金会合作,深入探讨了俄罗斯战争持续期间波兰境内乌克兰难民妇女的各种经历。为了给援助难民的第三部门提出建议,我们在 2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 2 月期间进行了 33 次半结构式访谈(中=40.29;标清=11.41),试图了解并确定增强和阻碍心理复原力的因素。我们的研究揭示了难民处境的复杂性和多样性,揭示了与心理困扰共存的各种应对策略和独特资源。尽管存在这种多样性,但我们还是发现了某些共同的、经常得不到满足的需求(稳定和安全、基本需求)。研究还强调了难民的能动性以及优先满足当前需求的必要性。研究结果强调了自然社会支持和各种应对策略对培养心理复原力的重要性。建议持续开展研究,跟踪 2022 年后波兰乌克兰难民妇女不断变化的福祉。
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引用次数: 0
Behavior and emotion regulation of socially inhibited individuals in uncomfortable social situations: A mixed methods study 社交抑制个体在不舒适社交情境中的行为和情绪调节:一项混合方法研究。
IF 5.3 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100532
Stefanie Duijndam , Annemiek Karreman , Melissa de Smet , Nina Kupper
The current study aimed to identify patterns of emotion regulation and behaviors in specific uncomfortable situations using a sequential exploratory mixed methods design and to examine how the trait social inhibition (SI) is related to these patterns. The sample (N = 451, 66% female, Mage = 34 (SD=17.2)) collected in 2016-2017 completed the social inhibition questionnaire (SIQ15) and open-ended questions on self-indicated uncomfortable situations and the regulation of emotions and behaviors in those situations. The open-ended questions were analyzed and coded into quantitative data, after which a latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed to (A) identify latent profiles of emotion regulation and behaviors in specific situations, and (B) to examine how SI and facets are related to these profiles. LPA revealed seven profiles that differed in the type of situation described and how people regulated their emotions and behaved in the situation. The results show that it is the type of situation which determines regulation style and behavior. Additionally, SI was found to rely on active avoidance to deal with uncomfortable social situations, while not using emotion regulation to modify how they feel in that situation. In conclusion, our findings show that context seems to be the most important factor that drives the choice or decision of how emotions are regulated. SI individuals tend not to use emotion regulation strategies but rely on active avoidance in dealing with uncomfortable situations. Importantly, the sample was mainly female and highly educated, suggesting that our results may not generalize to other populations.
本研究旨在利用序贯探索性混合方法设计确定特定不舒服情境下的情绪调节和行为模式,并研究社会抑制(SI)特征与这些模式的关系。2016-2017年收集的样本(N = 451,女性66%,男性34 (SD=17.2))完成了社会抑制问卷(SIQ15)和自我暗示的不舒服情境及其情绪和行为调节的开放式问题。对开放性问题进行分析并编码为定量数据,之后进行潜在特征分析(LPA),以(a)识别特定情况下情绪调节和行为的潜在特征,(B)检查SI和facet如何与这些特征相关。LPA揭示了七种不同的情景类型,以及人们在这种情况下如何调节自己的情绪和行为。结果表明,情境类型决定了监管方式和监管行为。此外,研究发现,SI依赖于主动回避来处理不舒服的社交情境,而不使用情绪调节来改变他们在这种情境中的感受。总之,我们的研究结果表明,环境似乎是驱动如何调节情绪的选择或决定的最重要因素。SI个体倾向于不使用情绪调节策略,而是依靠主动回避来处理不舒服的情况。重要的是,样本主要是受过高等教育的女性,这表明我们的结果可能不适用于其他人群。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of narrative therapy for depressive symptoms in adults with somatic disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis 叙事疗法对躯体疾病成人抑郁症状的疗效:系统回顾和荟萃分析
IF 5.3 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100520
Guannan Hu , Bingyue Han , Hayley Gains , Yong Jia

Background

Depression is a common mental health condition and a main risk factor for suicide. Narrative therapy aims to reframe beliefs through storytelling. Despite evidence of effectiveness, there is a lack of evaluation for specific adult populations. This meta-analysis evaluated the effect of narrative therapy on depressive symptoms in adults with somatic disorders. Only 2 of the included studies examined patients with depression, highlighting the need for further research on this specific population.

Methods

A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science (all databases), the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, CNKI, and CBMdisc was conducted in April 2024. Study selection and data extraction were conducted by two researchers independently. The Cochrane tool and GRADEPro GDT tool were utilised to determine risk of bias and methodological quality of included studies. Stata17.0 was used for statistical analysis.

Results

The results showed that narrative therapy had a significant effect on depressive symptoms in adults with somatic disorders (SMD=-1.64; 95% CI, -1.95 to -1.32; p<.001; 4,879 participants; low-quality evidence). Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were robust and reliable.

Discussion

This meta-analysis found that narrative therapy appears to have a significant effect on depressive symptoms in adults with somatic disorders. However, the study is limited by a predominance of Chinese studies and low quality of evidence. Future research is needed to confirm these findings.
背景抑郁症是一种常见的精神疾病,也是自杀的主要风险因素。叙事疗法旨在通过讲故事来重塑信念。尽管有证据表明叙事疗法是有效的,但缺乏针对特定成人群体的评估。这项荟萃分析评估了叙事疗法对患有躯体疾病的成年人抑郁症状的影响。方法 2024 年 4 月,对 PubMed、Web of Science(所有数据库)、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、CNKI 和 CBMdisc 进行了全面检索。研究选择和数据提取由两名研究人员独立完成。利用 Cochrane 工具和 GRADEPro GDT 工具确定纳入研究的偏倚风险和方法学质量。结果结果显示,叙事疗法对躯体障碍成人的抑郁症状有显著效果(SMD=-1.64;95% CI,-1.95 至-1.32;p<.001;4879 名参与者;低质量证据)。讨论这项荟萃分析发现,叙事疗法似乎对患有躯体障碍的成年人的抑郁症状有显著效果。然而,这项研究受到了中国研究居多和证据质量较低的限制。未来的研究需要证实这些发现。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding the impact of extreme terrorist events on evacuees and non-evacuees: A study on child aggression and social problems 了解极端恐怖事件对疏散人员和非疏散人员的影响:关于儿童攻击行为和社会问题的研究
IF 5.3 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100513
Mally Shechory-Bitton , Avital Laufer , Liza Zvi
This study aimed to examine differences between evacuee and non-evacuee parents regarding their experiences following the October 7th terror attack in Israel, and to assess how parental factors—such as exposure, PTS, functioning, resilience, and trust in authorities—were related to perceived behavioral problems in children. The study included 221 evacuee parents and 262 non-evacuee parents, recruited online through a professional survey company. We hypothesized that perceived child aggression and social problems would increase following the terrorist events, with evacuee parents reporting a greater increase in symptoms due to heightened instability and stress. Additionally, we expected higher levels of parental exposure, PTS, impaired functioning, lower resilience, and lower trust in authorities to be associated with increased child aggression and social problems. Results indicated that evacuee parents reported significantly more perceived aggression and social problems in their children, along with lower functioning, higher PTS, and lower trust in authorities. However, regression analysis revealed that higher parental exposure, PTS, and lower functioning were associated with increased perceived child aggression and social problems, regardless of evacuee status. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to support evacuated families, rebuild trust in authorities, and strengthen community resilience to mitigate long-term impacts.
本研究旨在探讨以色列 10 月 7 日恐怖袭击事件发生后,疏散父母与非疏散父母在经历上的差异,并评估父母的因素(如暴露、创伤后应激障碍、功能、复原力和对当局的信任)与所感知的儿童行为问题之间的关系。这项研究通过一家专业调查公司在线招募了 221 名疏散家长和 262 名非疏散家长。我们假设,在恐怖事件发生后,儿童的攻击性和社会问题会增加,而由于不稳定性和压力的增加,撤离人员的父母报告的症状会增加更多。此外,我们还预计,父母暴露程度越高、创伤后应激障碍越严重、功能受损越严重、复原力越差以及对当局的信任度越低,儿童攻击性和社会问题就越严重。结果表明,撤离者父母报告其子女的攻击行为和社会问题明显增多,同时功能受损、创伤后应激障碍程度较高以及对当局的信任度较低。然而,回归分析表明,无论疏散人员身份如何,父母暴露程度越高、创伤后应激障碍越严重、功能越低下,都与感知到的儿童攻击性和社会问题越多有关。这些研究结果突出表明,有必要采取有针对性的干预措施,为疏散家庭提供支持,重建对当局的信任,并加强社区复原力,以减轻长期影响。
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引用次数: 0
Compulsion is associated with impaired goal-directed and habitual learning and responding in obsessive-compulsive disorder 强迫与强迫症中目标导向和习惯性学习和反应受损有关。
IF 5.3 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100531
Quanhao Yu , Feng Gao , Chuting Li , Jie Xia , Yanyuan Cao , Xiang Wang , Chuman Xiao , Jingjie Lu , Qian Liu , Jie Fan , Xiongzhao Zhu

Background

Previous research has found that compulsions in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are associated with an imbalance between goal-directed and habitual responses. However, the cognitive mechanisms underlying how goal-directed and habitual behaviors are learned, and how these learning deficits affect the response process, remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate these cognitive mechanisms and examine how they were involved in the mechanism of compulsions.

Methods

A total of 49 patients with OCD and 38 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited to perform the revised “slip of action test”. A reinforcement learning model was constructed, and model parameters including learning rates, reinforcement sensitivity, and perseveration were estimated using a hierarchical Bayesian approach. Comparisons of these parameters were made between the OCD group and HCs, and the associations with performance during the outcome devalued stage and clinical presentations were assessed.

Results

In the outcome devalued stage, patients with OCD exhibited greatet responsiveness to the devalued outcome, indicating their impairment in flexible and goal-directed behavioral control. Computational modeling further revealed that, during the instrumental learning stage, patients with OCD showed reduced learning rates, decreased perseveration, and heightened reinforcement sensitivity as compared with HCs. The learning rate and perseveration during instrumental learning were significantly correlated with the performance in the outcome devalued stage and compulsive scores in OCD.

Conclusions

The results indicate that patients with OCD exhibit deficits in updating the associative strength based on prediction errors and are more likely to doubt established correct associations during goal-directed and habitual learning. These deficits may contribute to the inflexible goal-directed behavioral control and are involved in the mechanism of compulsion in OCD.
背景:以往的研究发现,强迫症(OCD)中的强迫行为与目标导向反应和习惯反应之间的不平衡有关。然而,目标导向行为和习惯行为是如何习得的认知机制,以及这些学习缺陷是如何影响反应过程的,目前尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨这些认知机制以及它们是如何参与强迫机制的。方法:共招募49例强迫症患者和38例健康对照(hc)进行修订的“动作滑动试验”。构建了一个强化学习模型,并使用分层贝叶斯方法估计了模型参数,包括学习率、强化敏感性和持久性。将这些参数在OCD组和hc组之间进行比较,并评估结果贬值阶段和临床表现与表现的关系。结果:在结果贬值阶段,强迫症患者对结果贬值表现出更大的反应性,表明他们在灵活和目标导向的行为控制方面存在缺陷。计算模型进一步显示,与正常人相比,强迫症患者在工具学习阶段表现出较低的学习率、较低的坚持力和较高的强化敏感性。器乐学习的学习率和坚持力与结果贬值阶段的表现和强迫症的强迫得分显著相关。结论:结果表明,强迫症患者在基于预测错误的联想强度更新方面存在缺陷,并且在目标导向学习和习惯学习中更容易怀疑已建立的正确关联。这些缺陷可能导致缺乏灵活的目标导向行为控制,并与强迫症的强迫机制有关。
{"title":"Compulsion is associated with impaired goal-directed and habitual learning and responding in obsessive-compulsive disorder","authors":"Quanhao Yu ,&nbsp;Feng Gao ,&nbsp;Chuting Li ,&nbsp;Jie Xia ,&nbsp;Yanyuan Cao ,&nbsp;Xiang Wang ,&nbsp;Chuman Xiao ,&nbsp;Jingjie Lu ,&nbsp;Qian Liu ,&nbsp;Jie Fan ,&nbsp;Xiongzhao Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous research has found that compulsions in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are associated with an imbalance between goal-directed and habitual responses. However, the cognitive mechanisms underlying how goal-directed and habitual behaviors are learned, and how these learning deficits affect the response process, remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate these cognitive mechanisms and examine how they were involved in the mechanism of compulsions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 49 patients with OCD and 38 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited to perform the revised “slip of action test”. A reinforcement learning model was constructed, and model parameters including learning rates, reinforcement sensitivity, and perseveration were estimated using a hierarchical Bayesian approach. Comparisons of these parameters were made between the OCD group and HCs, and the associations with performance during the outcome devalued stage and clinical presentations were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the outcome devalued stage, patients with OCD exhibited greatet responsiveness to the devalued outcome, indicating their impairment in flexible and goal-directed behavioral control. Computational modeling further revealed that, during the instrumental learning stage, patients with OCD showed reduced learning rates, decreased perseveration, and heightened reinforcement sensitivity as compared with HCs. The learning rate and perseveration during instrumental learning were significantly correlated with the performance in the outcome devalued stage and compulsive scores in OCD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results indicate that patients with OCD exhibit deficits in updating the associative strength based on prediction errors and are more likely to doubt established correct associations during goal-directed and habitual learning. These deficits may contribute to the inflexible goal-directed behavioral control and are involved in the mechanism of compulsion in OCD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100531"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neural impacts of personality on deception for applications of deception detection 个性对欺骗的神经影响在欺骗检测中的应用
IF 5.3 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100511
Xiaoling Zhang , Xinyue Zhang , Xiumei Chen , Qianjin Feng , Meiyan Huang

Background

Although universal, deception may be a sign of certain mental disorders and may impede the effectiveness of clinical intervention. However, individual difference exists in deception, and its underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear, thereby limiting the applicability of deception detection for clinical diagnosis.

Method

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy and multiple aspects of personality assessments [the Behavioral Approach System and the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) scale, and the Neuroticism–Extroversion–Openness Five–Factor Inventory scale] were applied to explore the neural mechanisms underlying individual differences in deception. Furthermore, a transformer-based model considering personality traits was developed to help people detect deception.

Results

Results showed that personality traits influenced deception primarily through activity in the frontopolar area, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and temporoparietal junction area. Moreover, personality traits from different aspects jointly influenced deception, which may vary with behavioral changes. Specifically, extroversion is one of the personality traits partially mediating the effect of BIS on the frontopolar area during deception while being masked during honesty. Additionally, the deception-detection model was found to obtained good classification performance (area under curve: 0.93 ± 0.047), where personality variables contributed to improving the performance.

Conclusions

These findings demonstrated the potential neural impacts of personality in deception for explaining individual differences, which holds great promise in improving the applicability of deception detection for clinical diagnosis.
背景尽管欺骗具有普遍性,但它可能是某些精神障碍的征兆,并可能阻碍临床干预的有效性。方法应用功能性近红外光谱和多方面的人格评估[行为接近系统和行为抑制系统(BIS)量表,以及神经质-外向-开放五因素量表]来探索欺骗行为个体差异的神经机制。结果表明,人格特质主要通过前额叶区、背外侧前额叶皮层和颞顶交界区的活动影响欺骗行为。此外,不同方面的人格特质会共同影响欺骗行为,这可能会随着行为变化而变化。具体地说,外向性是人格特质之一,它部分介导了欺骗时 BIS 对前额叶区的影响,而诚实时则被掩盖。此外,研究还发现欺骗检测模型获得了良好的分类性能(曲线下面积:0.93 ± 0.047),其中人格变量对提高分类性能做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Does Cognitive Stimulation Therapy show similar efficacy in individuals with mild-to-moderate dementia from varying etiologies? An examination comparing its effectiveness in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia 认知刺激疗法对不同病因导致的轻度至中度痴呆症患者是否具有相似的疗效?比较认知刺激疗法对阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆症的疗效
IF 5.3 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100510
Federica Piras , Elena Carbone , Riccardo Domenicucci , Enrico Sella , Erika Borella

Objective

The effectiveness of the Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) is well-documented. Nevertheless, the question of whether specific subgroups of individuals with dementia are more or less likely to benefit from this cognitive stimulation intervention remains unaddressed. Here, we directly compared the effectiveness of the Italian CST (CST-IT), delivered in a previous multicenter controlled clinical trial, across two distinct cohorts of individuals clinically diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease (AD, N = 30) and vascular dementia (VaD, N = 27) in the mild-to-moderate stage.

Method

The impact of dementia subtype (AD vs VaD) on immediate (at intervention completion) benefits of CST-IT in general cognitive functioning, communicative abilities, mood, behavior and perceived quality of life was evaluated through linear mixed effects models. The frequency and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms at baseline was inserted as a covariate due to the different behavioral profile in the two groups. Exploratory analyses also investigated the potential differential effect of dementia subtype on long-term benefits (three months after intervention).

Results

The CST-IT determined comparable immediate, clinically significant improvements in general cognition and communicative abilities. Dementia subtype influenced short-term benefits in depressive symptoms (with a greater decrease in AD patients) and quality of life (no significant impact in AD, and a small improvement in VaD). Such effects depended on diagnosis-related differences in neuropsychiatric symptoms. At long-term, benefits persisted in general cognition (though depending on the outcome considered). Improvements in narratives were seen in VaD, whereas communicative abilities in AD returned to baseline. Post-intervention gains in depressive symptoms persisted in AD, but not in VaD, although benefits in quality of life remained stable in the latter.

Conclusions

Different mechanisms of neuropsychological change after CST-IT were hypothesized for the different forms of dementia, particularly with respect to crucial outcomes such as language, mood and quality of life, with implications toward the delivery of such psychosocial intervention in clinical contexts.
目的认知刺激疗法(CST)的有效性已得到充分证实。然而,特定痴呆症患者亚群是否更容易或更不容易从这种认知刺激干预中获益的问题仍未得到解决。在此,我们直接比较了意大利认知刺激疗法(CST-IT)的有效性,该疗法是在之前的一项多中心对照临床试验中,针对临床诊断为阿尔茨海默病(AD,N = 30)和血管性痴呆(VaD,N = 27)轻度至中度阶段的两个不同人群实施的。方法通过线性混合效应模型评估痴呆亚型(阿尔茨海默病与血管性痴呆)对 CST-IT 在一般认知功能、交流能力、情绪、行为和生活质量感知方面的即时(干预完成时)益处的影响。由于两组患者的行为特征不同,因此将基线时神经精神症状的频率和严重程度作为协变量。探索性分析还调查了痴呆亚型对长期获益(干预三个月后)的潜在不同影响。痴呆症亚型影响了抑郁症状(注意力缺失症患者的抑郁症状下降幅度更大)和生活质量(注意力缺失症患者的生活质量没有明显改善,而失智症患者的生活质量略有改善)方面的短期疗效。这种影响取决于神经精神症状的诊断相关差异。从长期来看,一般认知方面的益处依然存在(但取决于所考虑的结果)。VaD患者的叙述能力有所改善,而AD患者的交流能力则恢复到基线水平。结论:针对不同形式的痴呆症,特别是在语言、情绪和生活质量等关键结果方面,我们假设了CST-IT治疗后神经心理学变化的不同机制,这对在临床环境中提供此类社会心理干预具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Neural underpinnings of a two-phase memory suppression process in the neural response to self-related and observed perspective views 自我相关视角和观察视角神经反应中两阶段记忆抑制过程的神经基础
IF 5.3 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100509
Xinwei Song , Qi Liu , Xiaodong Zhang , Can Liu , Chunmei Lan , Xiaolu Zhang , Ting Xu , Ran Zhang , Keith M. Kendrick , Benjamin Becker , Weihua Zhao
Individuals often actively suppress intrusive memories to alleviate the distress they cause and maintain mental well-being. However, those with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often exhibit difficulties particularly in inhibiting or suppressing negative memories compared to individuals without PTSD. These memories can involve a physical threat either to the individual themselves or to others. Unfortunately, there is still limited understanding of the cognitive and neural mechanisms that underlie how suppression differs for self-related versus other-related memories. Here we capitalized on multivariate pattern analyses in combination with fMRI data acquired during a two-phase memory suppression paradigm where participants volitionally suppressed and subsequently recognized self-related and other-related stimuli. The results suggested that the recognition process following memory suppression demands more cognitive engagement for self-related stimuli than other-related stimuli, manifesting in increased activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Furthermore, after memory suppression, we observed a stronger functional coupling between dACC identified during memory suppression, and both the middle frontal gyrus and the insula during self-related recognition compared to other-related recognition. An advanced multivariate pattern analysis substantiated that the limbic system and empathy network particularly contributed to accurately distinguishing between self-related and other-related recognition following memory suppression. Our findings demonstrated distinct neural representations of memory suppression related to self and others, suggesting that different strategies may be employed for suppressing intrusive memories originating from different sources.
个人通常会积极抑制侵入性记忆,以减轻其带来的痛苦并保持心理健康。然而,与没有创伤后应激障碍的人相比,患有创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的人在抑制或压制负面记忆方面往往表现得尤为困难。这些记忆可能涉及对自己或他人的身体威胁。遗憾的是,人们对自我相关记忆和他人相关记忆的抑制有何不同的认知和神经机制的了解仍然有限。在这里,我们利用多变量模式分析,结合在两阶段记忆抑制范式中获得的 fMRI 数据,让参与者自愿抑制并随后识别自我相关和他人相关的刺激。结果表明,记忆抑制后的识别过程中,自我相关刺激比其他相关刺激需要更多的认知参与,表现为背侧前扣带回皮层(dACC)的活动增加。此外,在记忆抑制后,我们观察到在记忆抑制过程中识别出的 dACC 与在自我相关识别过程中识别出的额叶中回和岛叶之间的功能耦合比与其他相关识别过程中的功能耦合更强。一项先进的多元模式分析证实,边缘系统和移情网络尤其有助于在记忆抑制后准确区分自我相关识别和他人相关识别。我们的研究结果表明,与自我和他人相关的记忆抑制有不同的神经表征,这表明在抑制来自不同来源的侵入性记忆时可能会采用不同的策略。
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International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology
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