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The Ethics of Psychology Professors’ Behaviors: Perceptions From Both Sides of the Podium 心理学教授行为的伦理:讲台两侧的感悟
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-21 DOI: 10.1177/00986283221095045
K. Multhaup, Dustin Smith, Adam Hunter, M. M. Boyd, Scott Tonidandel
Academic role (undergraduates, professors) and institutional context (liberal arts colleges, research universities) may affect how ethical psychology professors’ behaviors seem. This study assessed whether academic role and institutional context related to ratings of professorial behaviors’ ethicality. A national sample ( N = 608) rated 70 professorial behaviors (e.g., unethical in virtually all circumstances to ethical in virtually all circumstances) across four domains: teaching, grading, relationships, and professional procedure. G-test of independence analyses yielded differences across academic role (student, professor) for 57% of teaching behaviors, 50% of grading behaviors, 63% of relationship behaviors, and 52% of professional procedure behaviors, although the difference was often a matter of degree rather than kind (ethical or unethical). Differences across institution type (liberal arts college, research university) were largest for relationship behaviors (25%) compared with teaching, grading, and policy behaviors (5%, 0%, 4%, respectively). The data highlight the need for professors’ transparency and reinforce calls for the APA Ethics Code to consider context when defining ethical standards for psychologists’ behaviors. The data set can enhance undergraduate education about the APA Ethics Code and spark discussion about sampling (e.g., limitations of this study are homogenous samples, including high-achieving undergraduates).
学术角色(本科生、教授)和制度背景(文科学院、研究型大学)可能会影响伦理心理学教授的行为。本研究评估了学术角色和制度背景是否与教授行为的道德性评级有关。全国样本(N=608)对教学、评分、人际关系和专业程序四个领域的70种教授行为(例如,在几乎所有情况下都不道德到在几乎所有条件下都合乎道德)进行了评级。独立性G检验分析显示,57%的教学行为、50%的评分行为、63%的关系行为和52%的专业程序行为在学术角色(学生、教授)之间存在差异,尽管这种差异通常是程度问题,而不是种类问题(道德或不道德)。与教学、评分和政策行为(分别为5%、0%、4%)相比,不同机构类型(文科学院、研究型大学)的关系行为差异最大(25%)。这些数据强调了教授透明度的必要性,并强化了APA道德准则在定义心理学家行为的道德标准时考虑背景的呼吁。该数据集可以加强本科生对APA道德规范的教育,并引发关于抽样的讨论(例如,本研究的局限性是同质样本,包括成绩优异的本科生)。
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引用次数: 1
2022 Society for Teaching of Psychology Awards and Recognition Recipients 2022年心理学教学学会奖和表彰获得者
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.1177/00986283221106685
J. Kraybill, Seungyeon Lee, F. Jia, Leslie Berntsen
This year marks the forty-fourth year of STP's annual Excellence in Teaching Awards Program, the fourth year of both its Civic Engagement Award and its Mentorship of Teachers Award, and the third year of its Promoting Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Award. Each 2023 recipient was selected by a different panel1 and received a plaque and a check for US $1,500 at the Annual Conference on Teaching (ACT) in Pittsburg, PA. We sincerely appreciate all nominators, nominees, and reviewers for their participation in the awards process.
今年是STP年度卓越教学奖计划的第四十四年,是其公民参与奖和教师导师奖的第四年,也是其促进多样性、公平性和包容性奖的第三年。2023年的每一位获奖者都是由不同的小组1选出的,并在宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡举行的年度教学会议(ACT)上获得了一块牌匾和一张1500美元的支票。我们衷心感谢所有提名人、被提名人和评审人参与颁奖过程。
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引用次数: 0
Testing the Effects of a Utility Value Intervention in an Online Research Methods Course: A Conceptual Replication of Hulleman et al. (2017, Study 2) 在线研究方法课程中效用价值干预的效果检验:Hulleman et al.(2017,研究2)的概念复制
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.1177/00986283221101850
Paul C. Price, Kiana Crisosto, Anthony Carvalho, Constance J. Jones, Meaghan McCready, Amber Shaver, Andrea N. Wiemann

Background

Utility-value (UV) classroom interventions typically involve students completing assignments that involve writing about the usefulness of the course material. They are widely recommended and have received some empirical support.

Objective

This study tested the effectiveness of a UV intervention in an online research methods course. It was a conceptual replication of a study by Hulleman et al. (2017, Study 2).

Method

Students (N = 264) were randomly assigned to complete three assignments that required them to write about the usefulness of course material or three assignments that required them to summarize course material. The groups were compared in terms of their scores on a research methods knowledge test, their final papers, their final exams, and their final point totals, along with measures of the interestingness and usefulness of the course material.

Results

There were no differences between conditions on any of the outcome variables.

Conclusion

The UV intervention was ineffective. Further research is needed to establish the conditions under which such interventions are and are not effective.

Teaching Implications

UV interventions do not necessarily improve student performance. Instructors who use them should consider doing so in a way that allows for an assessment of their effect in their local context.

实用价值(UV)课堂干预通常涉及学生完成涉及撰写课程材料有用性的作业。它们被广泛推荐,并得到了一些实证支持。目的探讨紫外线干预在线研究方法课程的有效性。这是对Hulleman等人(2017,study 2)研究的概念复制。方法随机分配学生(N = 264)完成三项作业,要求他们撰写课程材料的有用性,或三项作业要求他们总结课程材料。研究人员比较了两组学生在研究方法知识测试、期末论文、期末考试和期末总分数方面的得分,并衡量了课程材料的趣味性和实用性。结果两组在各结果变量上均无差异。结论紫外线干预无效。需要进一步的研究来确定这些干预措施有效和无效的条件。教学意义suv干预不一定能提高学生的表现。使用这些工具的教师应该考虑在使用这些工具时,对其在当地环境中的效果进行评估。
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引用次数: 0
Earlier Start Time for an Undergraduate Introductory Psychology Course is Associated with Worse Academic and Sleep-Related Outcomes 大学生心理学入门课程开始时间越早,学习成绩和睡眠相关成绩越差
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-05 DOI: 10.1177/00986283221103473
Susan J. Wenze, Thalia K. Charles
Few studies have examined the effects of later class start times in college, even though developmentally driven sleep phase changes persist into the mid-20s. We hypothesized that sleepiness would be higher in an 8 a.m. versus 10 a.m. section of Introductory Psychology, and grades, engagement, enjoyment, attendance, assignment completion, ease of waking and staying awake, and student evaluations of teaching (SETs) would be lower. Eighty-two students enrolled in an 8 a.m. ( n = 39) or 10 a.m. ( n = 43) section of Introductory Psychology reported their GPA and completed the Stanford Sleepiness Scale, Likert-scale items from the College’s SET form, and other questions. Students in the 8 a.m. section reported lower GPA, class grade, and assignments completed; more sleepiness; and a harder time waking up and staying awake for class. Several findings held when controlling for GPA. Results extend previous research and suggest the importance of offering later classes in college. Limitations include a small sample size, quasi-experimental design, and use of self-report data. Future researchers should test whether findings replicate with other kinds of classes and in other subjects. To maximize student success and well-being, later courses should be offered at the college level whenever feasible.
尽管发育驱动的睡眠阶段变化一直持续到20年代中期,但很少有研究考察大学上课时间推迟的影响。我们假设,与上午10点相比,早上8点的《入门心理学》部分的嗜睡程度会更高,成绩、参与度、乐趣、出勤率、作业完成率、醒着和保持清醒的容易程度以及学生对教学的评价(SET)会更低。82名参加心理学入门课程上午8点(n=39)或10点(n=43)的学生报告了他们的平均成绩,并完成了斯坦福失眠量表、学院SET表中的Likert量表项目和其他问题。上午8点部分的学生报告平均成绩、班级成绩和完成的作业都较低;嗜睡加剧;起床和上课都很难保持清醒。在控制GPA时,有几个发现成立。研究结果扩展了先前的研究,并表明了在大学开设夜校的重要性。局限性包括样本量小、准实验设计和使用自我报告数据。未来的研究人员应该测试这些发现是否在其他类别和其他受试者中重复。为了最大限度地提高学生的成功率和幸福感,在可行的情况下,应在大学级别提供后期课程。
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引用次数: 0
A Psychology Learning Community for Transfer Majors: Its Impact on Student Performance and Perceptions During the Covid-19 Pandemic 转学专业心理学学习社区:新冠肺炎疫情期间对学生学习成绩和认知的影响
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00986283221098694
Kim Buch, Elaine O'Reilly
Transfer students are a growing population of undergraduate psychology majors who are academically at-risk but often underserved by 4-year institutions. We describe a transfer learning community (TLC) for entering psychology transfer students and report its impact on participants social and academic integration and success. A mixed-method design was used to compare academic success metrics (archival measures of first-semester grade point average and probation rates) of participants with entering transfer majors not participating in the learning community. A participant survey was also created and used to measure student perceptions of the TLC, as well as perceived challenges of transferring during the Covid-19 pandemic and how the TLC helped to mitigate them. During its first year, the TLC served 72 entering transfer majors across two cohorts. Participants significantly out-performed non-participant psychology transfer majors on first-semester grade point average and were significantly less likely to be placed on academic probation after their first semester than non-participant transfer majors. The widely-reported benefits of learning communities for first-year psychology students are adaptable to the more at-risk population of transfer students. Technology-enabled teaching tools can be used to build virtual community in hybrid and synchronous online learning environments.
转校生是越来越多的心理学专业本科生,他们在学业上面临风险,但四年制院校往往服务不足。我们描述了一个用于进入心理学转学学生的转学社区(TLC),并报告了它对参与者社会和学术融合以及成功的影响。采用混合方法设计,将参与者的学业成功指标(第一学期平均绩点和试用率的档案测量)与不参与学习社区的转学专业的参与者进行比较。还创建了一项参与者调查,用于衡量学生对TLC的看法,以及新冠肺炎大流行期间转学的挑战,以及TLC如何帮助缓解这些挑战。在第一年,TLC为两组72名进入转学专业的学生提供服务。与非参与者转学专业相比,参与者在第一学期的平均绩点上明显优于非参与者心理学转学专业,并且在第一学期后被学术试用的可能性明显更小。据广泛报道,学习社区对心理学一年级学生的好处适用于风险更大的转学学生群体。技术支持的教学工具可以用于在混合和同步的在线学习环境中建立虚拟社区。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Difficult Dialogues on Social Justice Attitudes During a Multicultural Psychology Course 多元文化心理学课程中困难对话对社会公正态度的影响
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00986283221104057
E. Hicks, María de la Caridad Alvarez, Melanie M. Domenech Rodríguez
Background Previous research shows that Multicultural Psychology courses can produce significant improvements in students’ cultural competence-related attitudes in in-person and online courses. Objective We evaluated the impact of adding a skills-focused group assignment (i.e., Difficult Dialogues) to an online asynchronous Multicultural Psychology course. Method Undergraduate students filled out a battery of self-report measures at the beginning and end of the course. Of the 192 total students, 107 were in course sections which completed a Difficult Dialogue (DD) group project, and 85 were in the teaching as usual (TAU) section. Results Students in DD groups had significantly greater pre-to post-increases on social justice behavioral intentions and perceived behavioral control compared to TAU. There were no statistical differences between-groups on measures of other cultural competence constructs, though there were statistically significant within-group improvements on all outcome measures. Conclusion Results suggest that the DD project had a particular impact on improving social justice behavioral intentions and perceived behavioral control. Teaching Implications These shifts underscore the importance of including opportunities for students to learn and practice specific skills in Multicultural Psychology courses, and that online courses can effectively provide these opportunities.
背景先前的研究表明,多元文化心理学课程可以显著改善学生在面对面和在线课程中与文化能力相关的态度。目的我们评估了在异步多文化心理学在线课程中增加以技能为中心的小组作业(即困难对话)的影响。方法本科生在课程开始和结束时填写一组自我报告量表。在192名学生中,107人在完成困难对话(DD)小组项目的课程部分,85人在照常教学(TAU)部分。结果与TAU相比,DD组学生在社会正义行为意向和感知行为控制方面的前后增长显著更大。在其他文化能力结构的测量方面,各组之间没有统计学差异,尽管在所有结果测量方面,组内都有统计学显著改善。结论DD项目对改善社会公正行为意向和感知行为控制具有特殊影响。教学意义这些转变强调了在多元文化心理学课程中为学生提供学习和实践特定技能的机会的重要性,并且在线课程可以有效地提供这些机会。
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引用次数: 3
A Personal Journey of Studying Positive Psychology: Reflections of Undergraduate Students in the United Arab Emirates 积极心理学的个人学习之旅:阿联酋大学生的思考
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00986283221106689
A. Shrivastava, Humna Azhar, L. Hyland
An increasing number of undergraduate positive psychology courses offer students a holistic view of the broader discipline of psychology. Even short-term participation in positive psychology activities as part of a taught course may improve psychological well-being and lower stress. However, there is a dearth of qualitative evidence on how students experience this learning process. This study aimed to explore UAE-based undergraduate students’ reflections on their experiences of an elective positive psychology course and their participation in various positive psychology interventions (PPIs). This qualitative study explored 21 UAE-based undergraduate students’ reflections on taking a semester-long positive psychology course, in which they participated in PPIs. The rich data from semi-structured interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Three main themes emerged, namely rethinking positive psychology, changes in perspective on happiness and search for positivity, and enhanced relationships. The study suggests that positive psychology may reach past the time and space of the taught course and have at least a short-term positive impact on students' mental and social lives. Findings from this study imply the potential of positive psychology in higher education and point towards further integration of such courses in undergraduate programs in the UAE and beyond.
越来越多的本科生积极心理学课程为学生提供了对更广泛的心理学学科的全面看法。即使是作为教学课程的一部分,短期参与积极的心理活动也可以改善心理健康,减轻压力。然而,缺乏关于学生如何体验这种学习过程的定性证据。本研究旨在探讨阿联酋本科生对他们选修积极心理学课程的经历以及他们参与各种积极心理学干预(PPI)的反思。这项定性研究探讨了21名阿联酋本科生对参加为期一学期的积极心理学课程的反思。半结构化访谈的丰富数据采用反身主题分析法进行分析。出现了三个主要主题,即重新思考积极心理学、改变对幸福的看法和寻求积极性以及加强人际关系。这项研究表明,积极心理学可能超越教学课程的时间和空间,至少对学生的心理和社会生活产生短期的积极影响。这项研究的结果暗示了积极心理学在高等教育中的潜力,并指出这些课程将进一步融入阿联酋及其他地区的本科课程。
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引用次数: 0
Comparing Undergraduate Student Participation in Online Discussion Boards Hosted on Reddit and Canvas 大学生参与Reddit和Canvas在线讨论板的比较
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-05-30 DOI: 10.1177/00986283211056074
Andrew S. Neff, Jenny Mischel, Evan Yang
Background Instructors often try to promote student engagement with discussion boards in learning management systems (LMS) like Canvas. Although convenient, alternatives like the social media platform Reddit may be more effective. Method A non-randomized controlled trial compared the use of Canvas and Reddit in two sections of two undergraduate psychology courses (N = 77). Engagement was measured as the number and word-count of posts and responses and complemented with self-reported data. Results There was no difference between platforms in total number of posts or replies. In one course, the average word count per post was higher in Reddit than Canvas (r = .44). However, in the other course, the average word count per post (r = .47) and per reply (r = .39) was significantly lower in Reddit. Neither course observed a significant difference in students’ perceived value of the discussion board. Conclusion This study provided no consistent evidence that Reddit supports student engagement relative to Canvas, and combined with additional survey data, it is possible that hosting the discussion board on Reddit may even be detrimental. Teaching Implications Given the issues we identified with moving discussion boards to Reddit, and the benefits of using Canvas, we recommend using a traditional LMS like Canvas.
背景教师经常试图通过Canvas等学习管理系统(LMS)中的讨论板来促进学生的参与。虽然很方便,但像社交媒体平台Reddit这样的替代方案可能更有效。方法采用非随机对照试验,比较Canvas和Reddit在两门心理学本科课程的两个部分的使用情况(N=77)。参与度是通过帖子和回复的数量和字数来衡量的,并辅以自我报告的数据。结果不同平台的发帖或回复总数没有差异。在一个课程中,Reddit中每条帖子的平均字数高于Canvas(r=.44)。然而,在另一个课程,Reddit的每条帖子和每条回复的平均字数(r=.47)明显低于Canvas。两门课程都没有观察到学生对讨论板的感知价值存在显著差异。结论这项研究没有提供一致的证据表明,相对于Canvas,Reddit支持学生参与,结合额外的调查数据,在Reddit上主持讨论板甚至可能是有害的。教学意义考虑到我们在将讨论板转移到Reddit时发现的问题,以及使用Canvas的好处,我们建议使用像Canvas这样的传统LMS。
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引用次数: 0
Construction of a Research Requirement Participant Pool Using Open-Source Software 利用开源软件构建研究需求参与者池
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1177/00986283221088788
Jon Westfall, Evan M. Hill
Recruiting undergraduate students to participate in research has long been an established practice within psychology. Although this data source has weaknesses, this involvement in the research process has considerable pedagogical value in teaching students research methodology. Most common software packages used to manage participant pools tend to be expensive, to the extent that it prohibits access for small institutions and departments. Highlighting the problem, we cite research related to using undergraduates as participants, pedagogical value of these experiences, and current trends in software distribution. We then provide evidence of successful implementation of open-source software (OSS) in educational settings, and conclude with OSS options capable of addressing the problem of access. By providing students research experiences, both as a researcher and as a participant, we enhance their understanding of this process. Secondary to this, we can foster within them a skill set that is valuable to disciplines outside of academia. The implementation of an OSS system to manage research participants provides a cost-effective means to expand the learning and research opportunities of available to students.
长期以来,招收本科生参与研究一直是心理学领域的惯例。尽管这种数据来源有弱点,但这种对研究过程的参与在教授学生研究方法方面具有相当大的教学价值。用于管理参与者池的大多数常见软件包往往价格昂贵,以至于它禁止小型机构和部门访问。为了突出这个问题,我们引用了与本科生作为参与者有关的研究,这些经历的教学价值,以及软件分发的当前趋势。然后,我们提供了在教育环境中成功实施开放源码软件的证据,并得出了能够解决访问问题的开放源码软件选项。通过向学生提供研究经验,无论是作为研究人员还是参与者,我们都能增强他们对这一过程的理解。其次,我们可以在他们内部培养一套对学术界以外的学科有价值的技能。实施开放源码软件系统来管理研究参与者,为扩大学生的学习和研究机会提供了一种具有成本效益的手段。
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引用次数: 0
Reframing Psychological Research Methods Courses as Tools for Social Justice Education 重新建构心理学研究方法课程作为社会正义教育的工具
IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1177/00986283221097404
C. Etengoff
Introduction APA’s 2017 Multicultural Guidelines ask teachers to integrate diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) across the psychology curriculum. Statement of the Problem However, there are few resources outlining best practices for DEI instruction outside of diversity/multicultural courses. Moreover, instructors for skill-based courses such as Psychological Research Methods may view DEI as beyond their scope. Literature Review Building on the agentive pedagogical theories of Freire, Kegan and Stetsenko, I aim to outline the importance of integrating DEI into research methods courses and identify seven accessible ways in which to do so. Teaching Implications Teachers will find a comprehensive review of the theory and research related to seven DEI teaching practices: (1) Diverse Representation/Visibility, (2) Modeling Inclusive Language/Practices, (3) Addressing Social Issues and Inequities, (4) Broadening the Applied Topical Scope, (5) Meaning-Making, (6) Teaching from a Strengths-Based Perspective, and (7) Promoting Students’ Agency. Conclusion Diversity, equity, and inclusion research methods courses can provide students with a clear model of inclusive practices, opportunities to develop sociorelational skills, and the tools to agentively contribute to social justice research.
APA 2017年多元文化指南要求教师在心理学课程中整合多样性、公平和包容(DEI)。然而,除了多样性/多元文化课程之外,很少有资源概述DEI教学的最佳实践。此外,以技能为基础的课程(如心理学研究方法)的讲师可能认为DEI超出了他们的范围。在Freire、Kegan和Stetsenko的代理教学法理论的基础上,我旨在概述将DEI整合到研究方法课程中的重要性,并确定七种可行的方法。教师将全面回顾与七个DEI教学实践相关的理论和研究:(1)多样化的表现/可见性,(2)建模包容性语言/实践,(3)解决社会问题和不公平现象,(4)扩大应用主题范围,(5)意义制造,(6)从优势视角教学,(7)促进学生的代理。多样性、公平和包容性研究方法课程可以为学生提供一个明确的包容性实践模式,发展社会关系技能的机会,以及为社会公正研究做出贡献的工具。
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引用次数: 4
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Teaching of Psychology
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