Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.1177/1097184x231151634
José A. Olavarría
At least four gender orders overlap, fuse and coexist with one another in Latin America. Each one—original, traditional, modern, neoliberal—has required the configuration of masculinities and femininities. They are orders that remain intertwined or fused; reinforcing and transforming the configurations of previous orders. The meta-order (patriarchy) has not definitively transformed the relations between men and women, nor between men and women and themselves. This article reflects on gender orders, cultural mandates and the findings from research in the region.
{"title":"Reflections on Orders of Gender, Cultural Mandates and Masculinities in Latin America","authors":"José A. Olavarría","doi":"10.1177/1097184x231151634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184x231151634","url":null,"abstract":"At least four gender orders overlap, fuse and coexist with one another in Latin America. Each one—original, traditional, modern, neoliberal—has required the configuration of masculinities and femininities. They are orders that remain intertwined or fused; reinforcing and transforming the configurations of previous orders. The meta-order (patriarchy) has not definitively transformed the relations between men and women, nor between men and women and themselves. This article reflects on gender orders, cultural mandates and the findings from research in the region.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48682414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.1177/1097184X231170143
Rahat Shah
The stigmatization of stay-at-home fathers (SAHFs) has been widely studied, but little research has examined how these experiences vary between rural and urban areas. In this qualitative study, 20 SAHFs in Islamabad, Pakistan were recruited through purposive sampling and interviewed using interview guide. Results show that most men did not choose to become SAHFs, and were involuntarily thrust into the role due to unemployment, lack of appropriate employment opportunities, or disability. These men faced stigmatization, social isolation, and labeling from their friends, family, and community, resulting in their increasing stress and anxiety. Additionally, the study found that rural and urban residential backgrounds played a significant role in the experiences of SAHFs. Examining the concept of caring masculinities, the study discovered that cultural differences, adherence to gendered norms, and severe stigmatization made it difficult for SAHFs in a non-Western culture context to depart from traditional masculine roles and embrace caring masculinities.
{"title":"The Social Stigmatization of Stay-at-Home Fathers in Pakistan","authors":"Rahat Shah","doi":"10.1177/1097184X231170143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X231170143","url":null,"abstract":"The stigmatization of stay-at-home fathers (SAHFs) has been widely studied, but little research has examined how these experiences vary between rural and urban areas. In this qualitative study, 20 SAHFs in Islamabad, Pakistan were recruited through purposive sampling and interviewed using interview guide. Results show that most men did not choose to become SAHFs, and were involuntarily thrust into the role due to unemployment, lack of appropriate employment opportunities, or disability. These men faced stigmatization, social isolation, and labeling from their friends, family, and community, resulting in their increasing stress and anxiety. Additionally, the study found that rural and urban residential backgrounds played a significant role in the experiences of SAHFs. Examining the concept of caring masculinities, the study discovered that cultural differences, adherence to gendered norms, and severe stigmatization made it difficult for SAHFs in a non-Western culture context to depart from traditional masculine roles and embrace caring masculinities.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":"26 1","pages":"435 - 452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47223183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-06DOI: 10.1177/1097184X231166900
Anoop Nayak
Care is a global issue of critical importance in the formation of masculinities. The paper argues for a need to “decolonize” and “degender” care. In dialogue with Connell’s “hegemonic masculinity,” the article explores its conceptual resilience, advocating for further initiatives to engage with transforming the gender order. The concept of “caring masculinities” aims to achieve this, with the study providing a critical evaluation of the potential of this framework. It demonstrates how caring masculinities may augment dominant masculinities, consolidate colonial and gendered regimes, and produce care as a new masculine hegemony in neoliberal economies. However, it is argued that caring masculinities can progress by engaging feminist and decolonial insights on the structural, material, and regional disparities in care. It concludes by putting “care theory” into “care practice.” This entails mapping how caring masculinities is surfacing transnationally in pedagogy, policy and practice, and the times and spaces where it might proliferate.
{"title":"Decolonizing Care: Hegemonic Masculinity, Caring Masculinities, and the Material Configurations of Care","authors":"Anoop Nayak","doi":"10.1177/1097184X231166900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X231166900","url":null,"abstract":"Care is a global issue of critical importance in the formation of masculinities. The paper argues for a need to “decolonize” and “degender” care. In dialogue with Connell’s “hegemonic masculinity,” the article explores its conceptual resilience, advocating for further initiatives to engage with transforming the gender order. The concept of “caring masculinities” aims to achieve this, with the study providing a critical evaluation of the potential of this framework. It demonstrates how caring masculinities may augment dominant masculinities, consolidate colonial and gendered regimes, and produce care as a new masculine hegemony in neoliberal economies. However, it is argued that caring masculinities can progress by engaging feminist and decolonial insights on the structural, material, and regional disparities in care. It concludes by putting “care theory” into “care practice.” This entails mapping how caring masculinities is surfacing transnationally in pedagogy, policy and practice, and the times and spaces where it might proliferate.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":"26 1","pages":"167 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43371781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.1177/1097184x221149987
Pilar Sánchez Voelkl
This article examines the role of homosociality in the definition of power hierarchies within transnational corporations and the ways by which these firms control the sexual life of their managers to preserve patriarchy. It is based on the ethnographic research that I carried out to study masculinities among corporate elites in Colombia and Ecuador. More than being a good manager, to be good as a manager requires to perform traditional codes of masculinity, to actively participate in male homosocial rituals, and to act both as a sexualized, desirable, heterosexual man and as an exemplary father for the corporate family.
{"title":"“To be Good as a Manager”: Masculinities and Everyday Life Within Transnational Corporations in Colombia and Ecuador//“Ser bueno como gerente”: Masculinidades y vida cotidiana en corporaciones transnacionales en Colombia y Ecuador","authors":"Pilar Sánchez Voelkl","doi":"10.1177/1097184x221149987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184x221149987","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the role of homosociality in the definition of power hierarchies within transnational corporations and the ways by which these firms control the sexual life of their managers to preserve patriarchy. It is based on the ethnographic research that I carried out to study masculinities among corporate elites in Colombia and Ecuador. More than being a good manager, to be good as a manager requires to perform traditional codes of masculinity, to actively participate in male homosocial rituals, and to act both as a sexualized, desirable, heterosexual man and as an exemplary father for the corporate family.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44901157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221120664
Jillian Sunderland
The alt-right community serves as a gateway into the white nationalist movement. However, more research is needed on how the alt-right's virulent misogyny interfaces with white nationalist masculinity premised on patriarchal protection of white femininity. This study addresses this question through a qualitative analysis of a white nationalist forum, Stormfront.org, and finds two masculine strategies vying for site dominance. These two gender strategies draw on different movement ideologies, white nationalist or alt-right. Users battle over the prime adversary used to construct movement identity and mobilize against. I argue forum conflict reveals that defining a central adversary is necessary for a masculine social movement to achieve a collective "movement masculinity" through a unification of goals and strategies. These findings contribute to research on masculinity and social movements by showcasing that not only is there diversity in extreme-right masculinity but that there is significant contestation over different masculine strategies.
{"title":"Fighting for Masculine Hegemony: Contestation between Alt-Right and White Nationalist Masculinities on Stormfront.","authors":"Jillian Sunderland","doi":"10.1177/1097184X221120664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X221120664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The alt-right community serves as a gateway into the white nationalist movement. However, more research is needed on how the alt-right's virulent misogyny interfaces with white nationalist masculinity premised on patriarchal protection of white femininity. This study addresses this question through a qualitative analysis of a white nationalist forum, Stormfront.org, and finds two masculine strategies vying for site dominance. These two gender strategies draw on different movement ideologies, white nationalist or alt-right. Users battle over the prime adversary used to construct movement identity and mobilize against. I argue forum conflict reveals that defining a central adversary is necessary for a masculine social movement to achieve a collective \"movement masculinity\" through a unification of goals and strategies. These findings contribute to research on masculinity and social movements by showcasing that not only is there diversity in extreme-right masculinity but that there is significant contestation over different masculine strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":"26 1","pages":"3-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10133778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9760796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.1177/1097184x221149995
M. Ochoa
The article explains the concept of neocolonial masculinities. It aims to understand the practice of mestizo and white men in their contact, as agents of the State, with indigenous people. The three levels of analysis of the concept are explained: a) conditioning structures of the practice; b) guiding categories of the practice (class, masculinity and race), and c) intersectional practice. In agreement with other theoretical developments, it is concluded that masculinities must be captured from concrete practices, accounting for the bonds between structures and individuals.
{"title":"Neocolonial masculinities in Costa Rica: an analytical proposal","authors":"M. Ochoa","doi":"10.1177/1097184x221149995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184x221149995","url":null,"abstract":"The article explains the concept of neocolonial masculinities. It aims to understand the practice of mestizo and white men in their contact, as agents of the State, with indigenous people. The three levels of analysis of the concept are explained: a) conditioning structures of the practice; b) guiding categories of the practice (class, masculinity and race), and c) intersectional practice. In agreement with other theoretical developments, it is concluded that masculinities must be captured from concrete practices, accounting for the bonds between structures and individuals.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43656225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.1177/1097184X231162358
S. Camellia, Rahil Roodsaz
To date, South Asian masculinity studies have largely investigated the construction of masculinities at the structural level, while subjective experiences have received little attention. This paper analyses data gathered from ethnographic research conducted among 40 adolescent boys living in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and asks: how do middle-class adolescent boys in Dhaka construct different ideals of masculinity and negotiate those in their everyday life at home and among peers? Which ideas about sexuality are involved? This analysis provides in-depth insights into the ways in which different models of masculinity are (re)constructed and embraced or resisted at the subjective level by adolescents in their everyday negotiations of sexuality. We will argue that this younger generation of men encounter unique gendered vulnerabilities in the contexts of fast urbanisation, an increasingly uncertain labour market and a lack of support in negotiating their emotional and social wellbeing.
{"title":"Juggling Masculinities: Being a Middle-Class Young Man in Dhaka","authors":"S. Camellia, Rahil Roodsaz","doi":"10.1177/1097184X231162358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X231162358","url":null,"abstract":"To date, South Asian masculinity studies have largely investigated the construction of masculinities at the structural level, while subjective experiences have received little attention. This paper analyses data gathered from ethnographic research conducted among 40 adolescent boys living in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and asks: how do middle-class adolescent boys in Dhaka construct different ideals of masculinity and negotiate those in their everyday life at home and among peers? Which ideas about sexuality are involved? This analysis provides in-depth insights into the ways in which different models of masculinity are (re)constructed and embraced or resisted at the subjective level by adolescents in their everyday negotiations of sexuality. We will argue that this younger generation of men encounter unique gendered vulnerabilities in the contexts of fast urbanisation, an increasingly uncertain labour market and a lack of support in negotiating their emotional and social wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":"26 1","pages":"415 - 434"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44277272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.1177/1097184X231161030
Lital Yona, Yochay Nadan
The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of poverty-stricken Israeli nonresidential fathers raising their children in a disadvantaged neighborhood characterized by poverty and hardship. Using a case study design, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 nonresidential fathers living in poverty. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed, and two themes emerged. The first focuses on the challenges and barriers to the fathers’ involvement in their children’s lives. The second focuses on the elements that create support networks in the neighborhood context. Our findings suggest the importance of adopting an intersectional perspective on manhood and fatherhood. This could facilitate a better understanding of the complex experience of nonresidential fathers living in poverty by exploring issues of power relations and oppression while remaining sensitive to differences both within and among social groups.
{"title":"A Dialectic of Vulnerability and Resilience: Nonresidential Fathers Living in Poverty in Israel","authors":"Lital Yona, Yochay Nadan","doi":"10.1177/1097184X231161030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X231161030","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of poverty-stricken Israeli nonresidential fathers raising their children in a disadvantaged neighborhood characterized by poverty and hardship. Using a case study design, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 nonresidential fathers living in poverty. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed, and two themes emerged. The first focuses on the challenges and barriers to the fathers’ involvement in their children’s lives. The second focuses on the elements that create support networks in the neighborhood context. Our findings suggest the importance of adopting an intersectional perspective on manhood and fatherhood. This could facilitate a better understanding of the complex experience of nonresidential fathers living in poverty by exploring issues of power relations and oppression while remaining sensitive to differences both within and among social groups.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":"26 1","pages":"288 - 307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43903012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.1177/1097184X231156909
S. Gonzalez, M. Bernales
The study of masculinities in Latin America is becoming increasingly relevant; however, trans men (TM) have been highly disregarded. This is problematic, given that the transmasculine population can highlight tension upon the binary gender practices. Latin American research has maintained a biomedical perspective, with emphasis on sexual readjustment treatments, ignoring the subjective experience of TM regarding their identity construction, and the sociocultural implications of experiencing their identity as men, considering Latin American gender patterns and machismo. Under this premise, 14 Chilean TM were interviewed. Results show the heteronormative demands imposed on TM, which determine the expectations and interpretations associated with their transition process. This leads TM to perpetuate stereotypical gender patterns, which is a survival strategy, and at the same time promotes the maintenance of patriarchal privileges. In a transversal manner, it was observed that TM have new perspectives on masculinity, which allow for the questioning of traditional gender roles.
{"title":"“I am Not a Macho, I am a Man”: Identity Construction of Trans Men in Santiago, Chile","authors":"S. Gonzalez, M. Bernales","doi":"10.1177/1097184X231156909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X231156909","url":null,"abstract":"The study of masculinities in Latin America is becoming increasingly relevant; however, trans men (TM) have been highly disregarded. This is problematic, given that the transmasculine population can highlight tension upon the binary gender practices. Latin American research has maintained a biomedical perspective, with emphasis on sexual readjustment treatments, ignoring the subjective experience of TM regarding their identity construction, and the sociocultural implications of experiencing their identity as men, considering Latin American gender patterns and machismo. Under this premise, 14 Chilean TM were interviewed. Results show the heteronormative demands imposed on TM, which determine the expectations and interpretations associated with their transition process. This leads TM to perpetuate stereotypical gender patterns, which is a survival strategy, and at the same time promotes the maintenance of patriarchal privileges. In a transversal manner, it was observed that TM have new perspectives on masculinity, which allow for the questioning of traditional gender roles.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":"26 1","pages":"503 - 522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47422434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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