Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221133321
Filip Franković, Uroš Matić
This paper examines depictions of male nudity, flaccid penises and phalli (erect penises) attested in the representations of boys, defeated warriors and figures of authority in late Bronze Age Aegean (ca. 1700–1050 BCE). It is argued that, similarly to ancient Egyptian iconography, the flaccid penis, as a sign of weakness and the lack of developed masculinity, was contrasted to the phallus, as a sign of masculine strength and sexual virility. Moreover, the paper argues that there was a gradual change in the depictions of male nudity around 1420/1400 BCE. In the period between ca. 1700–1420/1400 BCE, male nudity was restricted to representations of boys and defeated warriors. After ca. 1420/1400 BCE, most depictions of male nudity represented figures of power and authority with erect penises/phalli. We believe that the depictions of male nudity in combination with phalli were used to accentuate masculinity of such figures.
{"title":"Boy, You Fight like a Woman … Representations of Defeated Enemies, Boys and Male Nudity in the Late Bronze Age Aegean Iconography and Their Role in the Expression of Masculinity","authors":"Filip Franković, Uroš Matić","doi":"10.1177/1097184X221133321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X221133321","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines depictions of male nudity, flaccid penises and phalli (erect penises) attested in the representations of boys, defeated warriors and figures of authority in late Bronze Age Aegean (ca. 1700–1050 BCE). It is argued that, similarly to ancient Egyptian iconography, the flaccid penis, as a sign of weakness and the lack of developed masculinity, was contrasted to the phallus, as a sign of masculine strength and sexual virility. Moreover, the paper argues that there was a gradual change in the depictions of male nudity around 1420/1400 BCE. In the period between ca. 1700–1420/1400 BCE, male nudity was restricted to representations of boys and defeated warriors. After ca. 1420/1400 BCE, most depictions of male nudity represented figures of power and authority with erect penises/phalli. We believe that the depictions of male nudity in combination with phalli were used to accentuate masculinity of such figures.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48947694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-29DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221143134
A. Keddie
Addressing the gendered dimensions of family violence remains a key focus in the primary prevention of violence against women (PVAW) in Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian communities. What is seen as more important for Indigenous communities in PVAW is addressing the legacies and ongoing impacts of colonisation on Indigenous people, families, and communities. This focus on decolonisation deviates from settler PVAW programs where the emphasis is on challenging hegemonic masculinity and patriarchy. In this paper, I consider the importance of critiquing the western logic of colonisation within both Indigenous and non-Indigenous PVAW programs through examining the links between hegemonic masculinity, colonisation and neoliberal capitalism. I draw attention to the inherent violence and corrosion within processes of colonisation that adversely affect the social and emotional wellbeing and relationships of Indigenous and non-Indigenous men (albeit in very different ways) and argue the importance of a decolonising approach for addressing gender-based violence within Indigenous and non-Indigenous programs.
{"title":"Indigenous and Settler Understandings for Addressing Gender-Based Violence in Australia: The Significance of a Decolonial Approach","authors":"A. Keddie","doi":"10.1177/1097184X221143134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X221143134","url":null,"abstract":"Addressing the gendered dimensions of family violence remains a key focus in the primary prevention of violence against women (PVAW) in Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian communities. What is seen as more important for Indigenous communities in PVAW is addressing the legacies and ongoing impacts of colonisation on Indigenous people, families, and communities. This focus on decolonisation deviates from settler PVAW programs where the emphasis is on challenging hegemonic masculinity and patriarchy. In this paper, I consider the importance of critiquing the western logic of colonisation within both Indigenous and non-Indigenous PVAW programs through examining the links between hegemonic masculinity, colonisation and neoliberal capitalism. I draw attention to the inherent violence and corrosion within processes of colonisation that adversely affect the social and emotional wellbeing and relationships of Indigenous and non-Indigenous men (albeit in very different ways) and argue the importance of a decolonising approach for addressing gender-based violence within Indigenous and non-Indigenous programs.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48633405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-16DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221139820
T. Æ. Bjerre
Drones have become the new face of American warfare, challenging institutional and cultural norms about what it means to be a soldier. In the context of military masculinities, I examine the representation of the US drone operators in three films: Drones (Rosenthal 2013), Good Kill (Niccol 2014), and Eye in the Sky (Hood 2015). The films feature a male-female team of drone operators and can partly be seen as counter-narratives to the official idealized story of drone warfare by exposing some of the moral dilemmas facing the drone operators. Yet rarely do the films address the larger ethical issues of how drone technology skirts the legal framework of war. Additionally, the films' reconfiguration of the white male drone operator as morally courageous and a potential savior of innocent women and children on the “battlefield” obscures the racialized and imperialist ideologies bound up in the US-led “war on terror.”
无人机已经成为美国战争的新面孔，挑战着关于军人意义的制度和文化规范。在军事男性气质的背景下，我研究了美国无人机操作员在三部电影中的表现:无人机(罗森塔尔2013年)、Good Kill(尼科尔2014年)和Eye In the Sky(胡德2015年)。这些电影以一群男女无人机操作员为主角，通过揭露无人机操作员面临的一些道德困境，可以在一定程度上被视为对官方理想化的无人机战争故事的反叙事。然而，这些电影很少涉及无人机技术如何绕过战争法律框架这一更大的伦理问题。此外，影片将白人男性无人机操作员重新塑造为道德上勇敢的人，是“战场”上无辜妇女和儿童的潜在救世主，这掩盖了美国领导的“反恐战争”中种族化和帝国主义的意识形态。
{"title":"Unmanned? Military Masculinities in Filmic Representations of US Drone Operators","authors":"T. Æ. Bjerre","doi":"10.1177/1097184X221139820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X221139820","url":null,"abstract":"Drones have become the new face of American warfare, challenging institutional and cultural norms about what it means to be a soldier. In the context of military masculinities, I examine the representation of the US drone operators in three films: Drones (Rosenthal 2013), Good Kill (Niccol 2014), and Eye in the Sky (Hood 2015). The films feature a male-female team of drone operators and can partly be seen as counter-narratives to the official idealized story of drone warfare by exposing some of the moral dilemmas facing the drone operators. Yet rarely do the films address the larger ethical issues of how drone technology skirts the legal framework of war. Additionally, the films' reconfiguration of the white male drone operator as morally courageous and a potential savior of innocent women and children on the “battlefield” obscures the racialized and imperialist ideologies bound up in the US-led “war on terror.”","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42954781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221133122
David Fishman, L. Nielsen, Sino Esthappan
Greek life in American colleges and universities is characterized by white hetero-masculine dominance. A large scholarship has documented Greek life’s association with women’s sexual violence, yet much less is known about how men—who are ostensibly privileged in these settings—experience sexual harassment and assault. Using 15 interviews with fraternity members attending an elite, midwestern university, we examine men’s experiences of intra-fraternal sexual violence. We describe fraternity members creating and deploying a white hetero-masculine discourse of “brotherhood” that institutionalizes intra-fraternal sexual violence, makes it illegible, and gives its perpetrators impunity. We also show how the brotherhood discourse differentially deploys resources and power to fraternity brothers based on their intersectional location and relationship to intra-fraternal sexual violence. Future applications of the brotherhood discourse in fraternities and other institutional contexts can help us better understand how such organizations reinscribe intersectional power hierarchies.
{"title":"The Exonerating “Guise of Brotherhood”: Intra-fraternal Sexual Violence Survivors’ Accounts of Illegibility and Impunity","authors":"David Fishman, L. Nielsen, Sino Esthappan","doi":"10.1177/1097184X221133122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X221133122","url":null,"abstract":"Greek life in American colleges and universities is characterized by white hetero-masculine dominance. A large scholarship has documented Greek life’s association with women’s sexual violence, yet much less is known about how men—who are ostensibly privileged in these settings—experience sexual harassment and assault. Using 15 interviews with fraternity members attending an elite, midwestern university, we examine men’s experiences of intra-fraternal sexual violence. We describe fraternity members creating and deploying a white hetero-masculine discourse of “brotherhood” that institutionalizes intra-fraternal sexual violence, makes it illegible, and gives its perpetrators impunity. We also show how the brotherhood discourse differentially deploys resources and power to fraternity brothers based on their intersectional location and relationship to intra-fraternal sexual violence. Future applications of the brotherhood discourse in fraternities and other institutional contexts can help us better understand how such organizations reinscribe intersectional power hierarchies.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41516905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-05DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221131030
Saida Grundy
{"title":"Book Review: Reimagining Black Masculinities: Race, Gender, and Public Space","authors":"Saida Grundy","doi":"10.1177/1097184X221131030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X221131030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45878908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-12DOI: 10.1177/1097184x221133121
Braden T. Leap
rural Midwestern communities of LeClaire, Iowa, and Port Byron, Illinois, have attempted to sustain their communities through the creation of an annual festival featuring a tug-of-war contest between the towns that spans the Mississippi River. Any event that requires a 2700-foot rope and the United States Coast Guard to close the Mississippi River to maritime traffic is a remarkable accomplishment. However, Johnston argues that the festival is far more than just spectacle. By analyzing local newspaper and television coverage of the festival produced between 2000 and 2019, Johnston contends that these communities reimagine and reinvigorate their cultures and economies through Tug Fest. As residents and tourists attend the festival, they spend money, create and renew social bonds, and reimagine their collective pasts, presents, and futures. The social differences and inequalities that are central to the communities are also on display and potentially reorganized. In short, Tug Fest provides attendees an annual opportunity to transform and renew their communities in manners that help to sustain them while maintaining meaningful ties to the past. Chapter 1 places LeClaire, Port Byron, and Tug Fest within broader patterns of depopulation and deindustrialization that have characterized much of the rural Midwest over the past century. Johnston suggests that annual festivals like Tug Fest are especially significant to rural towns experiencing depopulation. Not only can festivals provide an economic boost through an influx of cash from tourists, but hese festivals provide comnize their cultures amidst shifting
{"title":"Book Review: Community Media Representations of Place and Identity at Tug Fest: Reconstructing the Mississippi River","authors":"Braden T. Leap","doi":"10.1177/1097184x221133121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184x221133121","url":null,"abstract":"rural Midwestern communities of LeClaire, Iowa, and Port Byron, Illinois, have attempted to sustain their communities through the creation of an annual festival featuring a tug-of-war contest between the towns that spans the Mississippi River. Any event that requires a 2700-foot rope and the United States Coast Guard to close the Mississippi River to maritime traffic is a remarkable accomplishment. However, Johnston argues that the festival is far more than just spectacle. By analyzing local newspaper and television coverage of the festival produced between 2000 and 2019, Johnston contends that these communities reimagine and reinvigorate their cultures and economies through Tug Fest. As residents and tourists attend the festival, they spend money, create and renew social bonds, and reimagine their collective pasts, presents, and futures. The social differences and inequalities that are central to the communities are also on display and potentially reorganized. In short, Tug Fest provides attendees an annual opportunity to transform and renew their communities in manners that help to sustain them while maintaining meaningful ties to the past. Chapter 1 places LeClaire, Port Byron, and Tug Fest within broader patterns of depopulation and deindustrialization that have characterized much of the rural Midwest over the past century. Johnston suggests that annual festivals like Tug Fest are especially significant to rural towns experiencing depopulation. Not only can festivals provide an economic boost through an influx of cash from tourists, but hese festivals provide comnize their cultures amidst shifting","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44132811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221132261
A. Santinele Martino
maps the racial terrains of their lives. What has been most promising about such recent works is that it moves beyond the context of talking about Black men as the subjects of social problems. The field has evolved, but that evolution is not reflected in this volume. Given this work and the direction of this field, the ultimate question for this text is how it advances studies of Black masculinities. I am not sure it does.
{"title":"Book Review: Vulnerable Constitutions: Queerness, Disability, and the Remaking of American Manhood","authors":"A. Santinele Martino","doi":"10.1177/1097184X221132261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X221132261","url":null,"abstract":"maps the racial terrains of their lives. What has been most promising about such recent works is that it moves beyond the context of talking about Black men as the subjects of social problems. The field has evolved, but that evolution is not reflected in this volume. Given this work and the direction of this field, the ultimate question for this text is how it advances studies of Black masculinities. I am not sure it does.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42956860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-13DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221119793
Amporn Jirattikorn, A. Tangmunkongvorakul, Arratee Ayuttacorn
The Thai sex industry sector catering to sex between men has recently shifted to a predominately migrant workforce, particularly in northern part of the country. The majority of sex worker men in Chiang Mai, a metropolitan center in northern Thailand, are Shan migrants from Myanmar. This research explores the lives of Shan men engaged in sex work in Chiang Mai, examining how engaging with queer sexual commodification shapes their gender and sexual identities. As Shan sex worker men in this research identify as heterosexual men, selling sex to men might impact their sense of (hetero)masculinity. Based on 20 in-depth interviews with Shan migrant sex worker men living and working in Chiang Mai city, this research explores, on the one hand, how Shan sex worker men negotiate, redefine, and reconstruct their masculinities, and on the other, how the identities of being a masculine man, sex worker, and non-citizen migrant intersect and shape their experiences and identities.
{"title":"Masculinity for Sale: Shan Migrant Sex Worker Men in Thailand and Questions of Identity","authors":"Amporn Jirattikorn, A. Tangmunkongvorakul, Arratee Ayuttacorn","doi":"10.1177/1097184X221119793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X221119793","url":null,"abstract":"The Thai sex industry sector catering to sex between men has recently shifted to a predominately migrant workforce, particularly in northern part of the country. The majority of sex worker men in Chiang Mai, a metropolitan center in northern Thailand, are Shan migrants from Myanmar. This research explores the lives of Shan men engaged in sex work in Chiang Mai, examining how engaging with queer sexual commodification shapes their gender and sexual identities. As Shan sex worker men in this research identify as heterosexual men, selling sex to men might impact their sense of (hetero)masculinity. Based on 20 in-depth interviews with Shan migrant sex worker men living and working in Chiang Mai city, this research explores, on the one hand, how Shan sex worker men negotiate, redefine, and reconstruct their masculinities, and on the other, how the identities of being a masculine man, sex worker, and non-citizen migrant intersect and shape their experiences and identities.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41691263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-12DOI: 10.1177/1097184X221114159
M. Vivi, A. Hermans
In light of gendered dynamics complicating masculine adoption of self-driving and electric vehicles (EV), we examine how Tesla’s video consumer stories envision masculinities within sociotechnical systems of automobility, exploring how corporate representations co-construct drivers and vehicles in gendered ways. Using multimodal critical discourse analysis, we show how the driver-car appropriates movement as a work of raced, gendered, age-dependent, and classed culture: EVs validate energy-soaked lifestyles in an age of climate change, enabling “green” enactments of fast, aggressive, and reckless styles of hegemonic driving performed by ecomodern masculinities; over-masculinized dynamics of techno-eroticism forge automated vehicles (AV) as technologically-advanced devices, crystallizing fantasies of men’s hegemonic love for technology within drivers’ mobility patterns. Tesla’s narratives sketch a future of mobility dominated by gendered sociotechnical adjustments, where neither energy-based nor technology-based reconfigurations of automobility spark critical conversations around reconfigurations of “behind-the-wheel” masculinities, leaving unquestioned what it means for them to demand space, speed, and comfort.
{"title":"“Zero Emission, Zero Compromises”: An Intersectional, Qualitative Exploration of Masculinities in Tesla’s Consumer Stories","authors":"M. Vivi, A. Hermans","doi":"10.1177/1097184X221114159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X221114159","url":null,"abstract":"In light of gendered dynamics complicating masculine adoption of self-driving and electric vehicles (EV), we examine how Tesla’s video consumer stories envision masculinities within sociotechnical systems of automobility, exploring how corporate representations co-construct drivers and vehicles in gendered ways. Using multimodal critical discourse analysis, we show how the driver-car appropriates movement as a work of raced, gendered, age-dependent, and classed culture: EVs validate energy-soaked lifestyles in an age of climate change, enabling “green” enactments of fast, aggressive, and reckless styles of hegemonic driving performed by ecomodern masculinities; over-masculinized dynamics of techno-eroticism forge automated vehicles (AV) as technologically-advanced devices, crystallizing fantasies of men’s hegemonic love for technology within drivers’ mobility patterns. Tesla’s narratives sketch a future of mobility dominated by gendered sociotechnical adjustments, where neither energy-based nor technology-based reconfigurations of automobility spark critical conversations around reconfigurations of “behind-the-wheel” masculinities, leaving unquestioned what it means for them to demand space, speed, and comfort.","PeriodicalId":47750,"journal":{"name":"Men and Masculinities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45800254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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